GB1561935A - Building blocks - Google Patents

Building blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1561935A
GB1561935A GB42201/77A GB4220177A GB1561935A GB 1561935 A GB1561935 A GB 1561935A GB 42201/77 A GB42201/77 A GB 42201/77A GB 4220177 A GB4220177 A GB 4220177A GB 1561935 A GB1561935 A GB 1561935A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
blocks
faces
block
ridges
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB42201/77A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Parry & Hughes
Original Assignee
Parry & Hughes
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parry & Hughes filed Critical Parry & Hughes
Priority to GB42201/77A priority Critical patent/GB1561935A/en
Priority to PCT/GB1978/000023 priority patent/WO1979000198A1/en
Priority to ZA00785727A priority patent/ZA785727B/en
Publication of GB1561935A publication Critical patent/GB1561935A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0226—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

The upper and lower faces of a building block (A) are irregular, with the irregularities mutually complementary at least in part for interfitment with the at least partly complementary lower and upper faces of like building blocks, and the block has therein at least one cavity (31, 32) extending between and through said upper and lower faces and a channel (34) in at least one of the latter faces intersecting at right angles with said at least one cavity and extending through at least one of the end faces of the block. The irregularities of the upper and lower faces of the block are preferably symmetrical about the plane bisecting the block intermediate the outer and inner faces (13, 14) of the block.

Description

(54) IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO BUILDING BLOCKS (71) We, PARRY & HUGHES, a partnership organised and existing under Scots Law, of 268 Bath Street, Glasgow G2 4JR, the present partners of which are ROBERT LEoNARD. PARRY and DAVID HUGHES, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly rescribed in and by the following statement: This invention relates to building blocks intended to be laid dry in the erection of walls.
Building blocks are laid horizontally and the six faces thereof when so. laid may be designated outer and inner, upper and lower, and end faces, and, for facility of de ascription and comprehension, the six faces of building blocks are so designated herein and in the appended claims and such designations are to be construed accordingly.
According to the present invention we provide a building block which has plane and parallel outer and inner faces and recessed upper and lower faces, the recesses extending longitudinally of the block, having plane bottoms parallel to the upper and lower faces, and emerging through at least one of.the end faces of the block, the recess in one of said upper and lower faces having sides diverging in the direction towards said one of said faces and being flanked by plane edge face portions of the same width, and the recess in the other of said upper and lower faces having sides parallel to the outer and inner faces of the block and in planes intersecting the recess in said one of said upper and lower faces and spaced somewhat inwardly of the sides of the latter recess, said sides of the recess in the other of said upper and lower faces being continuous with the inner surfaces of ridges projecting from said other face and matching the sides of the recess in said one face, the ridges being of less height than the recess in said one face is deep, the ridges being flanked by plane edge face portions corresponding to said edge face portions on said one of said upper and lower faces, at least one cavity extending between and through the bottoms of the two recesses, and the or each end face through which said recesses emerge being formed with alternating inwardly - converging vertically - extending grooves and complementary outwardlyconverging and vertically-extending ridges.
The recesses in the upper and lower faces of the block are preferably symmetrical about the plane bisecting the block intermediate the outer and inner faces of the block.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example, with. reference to - the accompanying drawings, in which: Figs, 1, 2 and 3 are perspective views from above and to one end of three different building blocks in accordance with the invention; Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are plan views of the blocks of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, respectively; Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation through three adjacent courses of a wall erected with blocks of. Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 with the plane of section being substantially midway between the end faces of the block and of the intermediate course and passing through the front and rear faces of the blocks of all three courses; and Fig. 8 is a perspective view from above and to one side of a wall during erection utilising building blocks in accordance with the invention and including a right-angled corner.
The building block of Figs. 1 and 4, generally denoted A, has recessed upper and lower faces and grooved and ridged end faces and is that most common in a wall construction, the building block B of Figs.
2 and 5 and the half-block C of Figs. 3 and 6 having recessed upper and lower faces and one grooved and ridged end face, the recesses and the grooves and ridges in each case being similar to those of like faces of the building block A, the other end face of blocks B and C being plane and the latter blocks being used at ends and corners of walls as can be seen in Fig. 8. The outer and inner faces of all three blocks are plane.
The upper face of all three blocks has a marginal flat zone 11, 12 along each edge adjacent the outer and inner faces 13, 14 of the block and a rebate, rabbet or stepshaped reduction 15, 16 at the inner edges of said flat zones 11, 12 providing ledges 17, 18 parallel to and below said flat zones 11, 12. The lower face of all three blocks also has a marginal flat zone 19, 20 along each edge adjacent to the outer and inner faces 13, 14 of the block, but, conversely, has a downward projection 21, 22 of length and cross-section complementing those of the rebates 15, 16 but of somewhat lesser depth than the latter and terminating in flat lower surfaces 23, 24 parallel to the flat zones 19, 20.The difference in depth of the projections 21, 22 and the rebates 15, 16 is-an optional but preferred feature, and it will be noted that the projections 21, 22 of thelower course of blocks in Fig. 8 are in fact of similar depth to the rebates 15, 16. It is also a preferred but optional feature that the recesses in the upper and lower faces of the blocks A, B and C be symmetrical about the planes bisecting the blocks intermediate the outer and inner faces 13, 14 -of the blocks, as shown in the drawings.
Both end faces of the blocks A are grooved and ridged with the grooves of each complementing the ridges of the other. The grooves and ridges are alternating inwardlyconverging vertically-extending grooves 25 and outwardly - converging vertically - extending ridges 26. The blocks B and C have one groove and ridged end face, with grooves 25 and ridges 26, and one plane end face 27, the grooved and ridged end faces of the blocks B and C being identical with the corresponding end faces of the blocks A.
Blocks A and B have therein two vertical cavities 31 and 32 extending between and through the upper and lower faces thereof, while the half-blocks C have but one such vertical cavity 33. A channel 34 in the lower face of each of the block A, B and C intersects at right angles with the vertical cavity or cavities and extends through both end faces of the blocks A and only the grooved and ridged end faces of the blocks B and C.
The vertical cavities 31, 32 and 33 are identical and are of substantiaI cross-sectional area in relation to the widths and lengths of the blocks. In blocks A and B the vertical cavities are separated by a cross-piece 35, the upper surface 36 of which is level- with- and merges into the ledges 17, 18 and the lower surface of which is flat and forms the bottom of the channel 34.
The cross-piece 35 is central of the length of the block and the vertical cavities 31 and 32 are symmetrical thereabout. The interfitted end wall portions of juxtaposed blocks together make up a cross-piece identical with the cross-piece 35 and consequently in superposed courses of blocks in an erected wall there are vertically-continuous cavities intermittently separated by crosspieces the intervals between successive ones of which coincide with horizontally-continuous ducts formed by the channels 34 which are mutually continuous in each course of blocks.
In an erected wall the vertically-continuous cavities and the horizontally-continuous ducts may be infilled with a hardenable mixture such as shown at 37 (fig. 7) incorporating any of a wide variety of materials, for example admixed clay and chalk, cementitious compounds, etc. The local availability of infill materials is a determining factor as is of course the contemplated heights of walls to be erected. Where required the infills are cementitious compounds reinforced to give a calculated- strength.
The grooves and ridges shown in the end faces of the blocks are purely exemplary and could be otherwise shaped.
It will be manifest that both end faces of half blocks C could be grooved and ridged with the grooves and ridges thereof similar to those of the full blocks A to meet requirements when half blocks are required at positions intermediate.the lengths of the walls.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:- 1. A building block which has plane and parallel outer and inner faces and recessed upper and lower faces, the recesses extending longitudinally of the block, having plane bottoms parallel to the upper and lower faces, and emerging through at least one of the end faces of the block, the recess in one of said upper and lower faces having sides diverging in the direction towards said one of said faces and being flanked by plane edge face portions of the same width, and the recess in the other of said upper and lower faces having sides parallel to the outer and inner faces of the block and in planes intersecting the recess in said one of said upper and lower faces and spaced somewhat inwardly of the sides of the latter recess, said sides of the recess in the other of said upper and lower faces being continuous with the inner surfaces of ridges projecting from said other face and matching the sides of the recess in said one face, the ridges being of less height than the recess in said one face is deep, the ridges being flanked by plane edge face- portions corresponding to said edge face portions on said one of said upper and lower faces, at least one cavity extending between and through the bottoins of the two recesses, and the or each end face through which said recesses emerge being formed with alternating inwardly - converging vertically - - extending grooves and complementary outwardly-converging vertically-extending ridges.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (6)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. adjacent the outer and inner faces 13, 14 of the block and a rebate, rabbet or stepshaped reduction 15, 16 at the inner edges of said flat zones 11, 12 providing ledges 17, 18 parallel to and below said flat zones 11, 12. The lower face of all three blocks also has a marginal flat zone 19, 20 along each edge adjacent to the outer and inner faces 13, 14 of the block, but, conversely, has a downward projection 21, 22 of length and cross-section complementing those of the rebates 15, 16 but of somewhat lesser depth than the latter and terminating in flat lower surfaces 23, 24 parallel to the flat zones 19, 20.The difference in depth of the projections 21, 22 and the rebates 15, 16 is-an optional but preferred feature, and it will be noted that the projections 21, 22 of thelower course of blocks in Fig. 8 are in fact of similar depth to the rebates 15, 16. It is also a preferred but optional feature that the recesses in the upper and lower faces of the blocks A, B and C be symmetrical about the planes bisecting the blocks intermediate the outer and inner faces 13, 14 -of the blocks, as shown in the drawings. Both end faces of the blocks A are grooved and ridged with the grooves of each complementing the ridges of the other. The grooves and ridges are alternating inwardlyconverging vertically-extending grooves 25 and outwardly - converging vertically - extending ridges 26. The blocks B and C have one groove and ridged end face, with grooves 25 and ridges 26, and one plane end face 27, the grooved and ridged end faces of the blocks B and C being identical with the corresponding end faces of the blocks A. Blocks A and B have therein two vertical cavities 31 and 32 extending between and through the upper and lower faces thereof, while the half-blocks C have but one such vertical cavity 33. A channel 34 in the lower face of each of the block A, B and C intersects at right angles with the vertical cavity or cavities and extends through both end faces of the blocks A and only the grooved and ridged end faces of the blocks B and C. The vertical cavities 31, 32 and 33 are identical and are of substantiaI cross-sectional area in relation to the widths and lengths of the blocks. In blocks A and B the vertical cavities are separated by a cross-piece 35, the upper surface 36 of which is level- with- and merges into the ledges 17, 18 and the lower surface of which is flat and forms the bottom of the channel 34. The cross-piece 35 is central of the length of the block and the vertical cavities 31 and 32 are symmetrical thereabout. The interfitted end wall portions of juxtaposed blocks together make up a cross-piece identical with the cross-piece 35 and consequently in superposed courses of blocks in an erected wall there are vertically-continuous cavities intermittently separated by crosspieces the intervals between successive ones of which coincide with horizontally-continuous ducts formed by the channels 34 which are mutually continuous in each course of blocks. In an erected wall the vertically-continuous cavities and the horizontally-continuous ducts may be infilled with a hardenable mixture such as shown at 37 (fig. 7) incorporating any of a wide variety of materials, for example admixed clay and chalk, cementitious compounds, etc. The local availability of infill materials is a determining factor as is of course the contemplated heights of walls to be erected. Where required the infills are cementitious compounds reinforced to give a calculated- strength. The grooves and ridges shown in the end faces of the blocks are purely exemplary and could be otherwise shaped. It will be manifest that both end faces of half blocks C could be grooved and ridged with the grooves and ridges thereof similar to those of the full blocks A to meet requirements when half blocks are required at positions intermediate.the lengths of the walls. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:-
1. A building block which has plane and parallel outer and inner faces and recessed upper and lower faces, the recesses extending longitudinally of the block, having plane bottoms parallel to the upper and lower faces, and emerging through at least one of the end faces of the block, the recess in one of said upper and lower faces having sides diverging in the direction towards said one of said faces and being flanked by plane edge face portions of the same width, and the recess in the other of said upper and lower faces having sides parallel to the outer and inner faces of the block and in planes intersecting the recess in said one of said upper and lower faces and spaced somewhat inwardly of the sides of the latter recess, said sides of the recess in the other of said upper and lower faces being continuous with the inner surfaces of ridges projecting from said other face and matching the sides of the recess in said one face, the ridges being of less height than the recess in said one face is deep, the ridges being flanked by plane edge face- portions corresponding to said edge face portions on said one of said upper and lower faces, at least one cavity extending between and through the bottoins of the two recesses, and the or each end face through which said recesses emerge being formed with alternating inwardly - converging vertically - - extending grooves and complementary outwardly-converging vertically-extending ridges.
2. A building block as claimed in Claim
1, in which the recesses in the upper and lower faces of the block are symmetrical about the plane bisecting the block intermediate the outer and inner faces of the block.
3. A building block as claimed in Claim 1 or 2 and having two cavities extending between and through the bottoms of the two recesses and being symmetrically arranged about a cross-piece separating them centrally intermediate the length of the block the recess in the lower face of the block intersecting at right angles with both said cavities and extending through both end faces of the block.
4. A building block substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 1 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
5. A building block substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 2 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
6. A building block substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 3 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
GB42201/77A 1977-10-11 1977-10-11 Building blocks Expired GB1561935A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB42201/77A GB1561935A (en) 1977-10-11 1977-10-11 Building blocks
PCT/GB1978/000023 WO1979000198A1 (en) 1977-10-11 1978-10-11 Improvements relating to building blocks
ZA00785727A ZA785727B (en) 1977-10-11 1978-10-11 Improvements relating to building blocks

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB42201/77A GB1561935A (en) 1977-10-11 1977-10-11 Building blocks

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1561935A true GB1561935A (en) 1980-03-05

Family

ID=10423303

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB42201/77A Expired GB1561935A (en) 1977-10-11 1977-10-11 Building blocks

Country Status (3)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1561935A (en)
WO (1) WO1979000198A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA785727B (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2157442C2 (en) * 1989-12-27 2000-10-10 Ив Кристьян МУЛЕН Жан Construction unit
GB2361254A (en) * 2000-04-12 2001-10-17 Univ Putra Malaysia Interlocking mortarless building block system
EP1243714A1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-25 Isostone Building block
GB2402141A (en) * 2003-05-21 2004-12-01 Graham Glasspool Hollow building block adapted to be filled with concrete
GB2586735B (en) * 2018-03-27 2022-11-30 Thermal Wall Tech Llc Wall with pre-bent tubing

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4473985A (en) * 1982-04-30 1984-10-02 Terence Hunt Building block
DE3227750A1 (en) * 1982-07-24 1984-01-26 Kommanditgesellschaft Heinrich Luttmann GmbH, Beton- und Kieswerke, 3250 Hameln Hollow building block
US4703600A (en) * 1984-04-30 1987-11-03 Suh Kun Hee Vertically assembling box type blocks
GR1001284B (en) * 1992-08-04 1993-07-30 Konstantinos Kamoudis Cement blocks for reinforced masonry and shear walls to buildings.
US5457926A (en) * 1993-11-03 1995-10-17 Templeton Trust Interlocking block
EP2622146B1 (en) 2010-10-01 2018-05-23 Tetraloc Pty Ltd (ACN 153 060 498) Construction block
CN106013509A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-10-12 湖北神州建材有限责任公司 Dry-method construction method for high-performance autolaved aerated concrete block wall
US9822529B1 (en) 2016-11-08 2017-11-21 King Saud University Interlocking and insulated construction blocks

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT252523B (en) * 1960-01-27 1967-02-27 Franz Ing Hinse Process for the construction of load-bearing walls from building blocks installed without mortar

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2157442C2 (en) * 1989-12-27 2000-10-10 Ив Кристьян МУЛЕН Жан Construction unit
GB2361254A (en) * 2000-04-12 2001-10-17 Univ Putra Malaysia Interlocking mortarless building block system
GB2361254B (en) * 2000-04-12 2002-05-22 Univ Putra Malaysia Interlocking mortarless load bearing building block system
EP1243714A1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-25 Isostone Building block
GB2402141A (en) * 2003-05-21 2004-12-01 Graham Glasspool Hollow building block adapted to be filled with concrete
GB2402141B (en) * 2003-05-21 2006-05-03 Graham Glasspool Building block
GB2586735B (en) * 2018-03-27 2022-11-30 Thermal Wall Tech Llc Wall with pre-bent tubing
USRE50072E1 (en) 2018-03-27 2024-08-06 Thermal Wall Technologies, Llc Wall with pre-bent tubing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA785727B (en) 1979-10-31
WO1979000198A1 (en) 1979-04-19

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Legal Events

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PS Patent sealed
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee