GB1560087A - Burner for gas cookers - Google Patents

Burner for gas cookers Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1560087A
GB1560087A GB44846/77A GB4484677A GB1560087A GB 1560087 A GB1560087 A GB 1560087A GB 44846/77 A GB44846/77 A GB 44846/77A GB 4484677 A GB4484677 A GB 4484677A GB 1560087 A GB1560087 A GB 1560087A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
burner
gas
main
air
flame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB44846/77A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EON Ruhrgas AG
Original Assignee
Ruhrgas AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruhrgas AG filed Critical Ruhrgas AG
Publication of GB1560087A publication Critical patent/GB1560087A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/06—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with radial outlets at the burner head
    • F23D14/065—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with radial outlets at the burner head with injector axis inclined to the burner head axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/007—Mixing tubes, air supply regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14642—Special features of gas burners with jet mixers with more than one gas injection nozzles or orifices for a single mixing tube

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Description

(54) BURNER FOR GAS COOKERS (71) We, RUHRGAS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, a body corporate organised under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, of 4300 Essen 1, Huttropstrasse 60, the Federal Republic of Germany. do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: Burners for gas cookers generally take the form of injector burners. The gas issues under pressure from a nozzle which is coaxial with the spaced from the entry. formed as a Venturi nozzle, of a mixer tube. and in flowing into the mixer tube sucks in primary air with which it becomes mixed in the mixer tube. This mixture issues through openings in a burner head, and in doing so sucks in secondary air from the atmosphere surrounding the burner head.The burner can be regulated between a high setting, at which it works at its rated loading, and a low setting by varying the quantity of gas flowing through the nozzle by means of a regulating cock preceding the nozzle. The burners hitherto normally used for gas cookers are normally so constructed, in order to achieve optimum combustion conditions. that the gas jet flowing from the nozzle into the mixer tube sucks in as primary air about 40 to 60% of the quantity of air required for stoichiometric combustion.When operating in this manner with town gas. it was possible bv suitable selection of the diameter of the flame outlet opening to prevent flashing back of the flame into the mixer tube at the low setting of the burner, and also to ensure that the mixture issues from the burner head at the high setting of the burner at a sufficiently high speed to achieve a stable flame and a high heat transmission to the bottom of a cooking pot placed on the burner without lifting or breaking of the flame away from the burner head. When natural gas is used for the operation of such known burners the problem of flame stabilisation is intensified by reason of the comparatively low speed of flame propagation in natural gas which requires additional stabilisation measures for the prevention of lift away of the flame from the burner head.A reduction of the exit speed of the mixture at the burner head at the high setting of the cooker burner by enlarging the existing cross-section of the burner head fails when it is desired to retain the possibility of using either town gas or natural gas, since this expedient increases the danger of flash-back at the low setting when town gas is used.
The present-day technical standards require the low setting loading of a gascooker burner to amount to a specific proportion of the rated loading. By way of example the low setting loading of a normal burner having a rated loading of about 1500 kilo calories per hour should lie below 270 kilo calories per hour and for the smallest burner of a gas cooker, called the finisher burner, a low setting loading of 180 kilo calories per hour or less is prescribed. These requirements can be fulfilled with the known burners but it is accepted in the trade that the low setting loadings possible and achievable to-day are in need of improvement especially in the case of burners operated with natural gas.
A burner for a gas cooker has been described in British Specification No.
1009280 which has a set of main burner ports in close proximity to a set of auxiliary burner ports, each set of burner ports being supplied with an aerated gas stream from a separate mixing chamber, and the mixing chambers being fed through separate flow paths in a duplex controlling tap in such manner that the auxiliary burner ports are supplied with gas throughout the operating range of opening of the tap while the main burner ports are supplied with gas at large openings only of the tap. The construction is, therefore, such that the main ports are fed through a flow path which is open only over the higher settings of the tap while the auxiliary ports are fed through a flow path that is adjustable right down to zero.
The invention provides a burner for a gas cooker comprising a head having a main outlet for a mixture of gas and air to produce a main flame and an auxiliary outlet below the main outlet for an independent flow of gas and air to produce a stabilising flame, a main nozzle which provides a flow of gas to the main outlet through a main mixer tube into which air is introduced to mix with said gas in an amount in excess of that required for stoichiometric combustion, saud flow of gas being variable in accordance with the setting of the burner and being shut off at the low setting of the burner, and an auxiliary nozzle which provides a constant flow of gas at all settings of the burner to the auxiliary outlet through an auxiliary mixer tube into which air is introduced to mix with said gas.
Since the lower stabilising flame outlet of the burner head is supplied through a separate mixer tube, an adjustment of the main flame has no influence on the stabilising flame which therefore burns unchanged even at the low setting of the burner. This renders it possible for the stabilising flame, which is necessary and must be provided in order to stabilise the main flame in the case of natural gas operation. to perform the further function of constituting the sole flame at the low setting of the burner and, since the stabilising flame can be smaller than the low setting flame which could be achieved in the known burners it is possible to achieve low setting loadings which are at least one third below those of known burners.By way of example in the case of a standard burner in accordance with the invention a low setting loading can be achieved below 180 kilo calories per hour and in the case of a finisher burner it is possible to achieve a low setting loading below 100 liilo calories per hour.
With the burner in accordance with the invention it is possible to maintain a satisfactory and stable main flame notwithstanding the fact that air is mixed with gas in the main mixer tube in excess of the amount required for stoichiometric combustion, and reliably to avoid life-away of the flame. In one embodiment of the invention an injector is provided in the inlet of the main mixer tube and the ratio of the diameter of the main mixer tube to the diameter of the main nozzle exceeds 14 : 1 and is preferably in the range of 15 :1 to 20 1. Alternatively the inlet of the main mixer tube may be supplied with air under pressure by a blower. and the air supply is varied in accordance with variation in the flow of gas from the main burner.In either case it is possible to achieve excess primary air premixing and contents of air in the mixture in the range of 1.2 to 1.7 as compared with the quantity 1 for stoichiometric combustion and nevertheless ensure stability of the main flame even at the high setting of the burner.
The presence of excess air in the mixture supplied to the main outlet has the great advantage that high temperature peaks in the flame are reduced and that consequently the content of harmful nitrogen oxides in the waste gases is reduced significantly below the values achievable with previously available gas cookers. The burner according to the invention therefore contributes significantly to avoiding health dangers, especially in poor ventilation conditions in small kitchens, arising from toxic combustion products. A further advantage of the presence of excess air is that it is no longer necessary, in order to secure effective mixing of the mixture issuing from the main outlet with secondary air, to use a plurality of small main outlet openings in the burner head.It is possible to use instead a substantially simpler burner head, in which the main outlet is constituted by superposed annular slots which can be produced and cleaned more easily. The stabilisation of the main flame can be further increased by appropriate formation of the uppermost annular slot.
The presence of excess air in the main mixture also makes it possible to depart from the known procedure of providing in the cooker a trough, the base of which is spaced at a relatively great distance beneath the base of a saucepan on the cooker to provide adequate and unhindered access for secondary air into the space between the burner head and the saucepan. On the contrary, in accordance with a further feature of the invention the burner head may be disposed in a trough-shaped depression in an approximately circular plate the edge zone of which is at the level of the top of the burner head and constitutes a flat saucepan support surface, which in co-operation with the base of a saucepan denies access of external air into the depression of the trough and which is provided with radial waste gas extraction channels. The space beneath the sacepan then constitutes an enclosed flow passage into which the combustion gases enter from the burner head and flow radially towards the edge of the saucepan and emerge through the waste gas extraction channels, access of air from the exterior into the space beneath the saucepan being denied without generating an excess pressure which would hinder the escape of the waste gases. This enables the speed of flow of the gas beneath the base of the saucepan to be increased and the heat transmission to the base of the saucepan to be increased and furthermore improved by radiation. Thus a substantial increase of the efficiency is achieved which compensates and even exceeds any attenuation of efficiency occurring as the result of the excess air in the main mixture and the corresponding reduction of termperature peaks in the flame.Maximum increase in efficiency can be achieved when the excess air is supplied to the main mixer tube by a blower.
An embodiment of the burner for a gas cooker according to the invention is illustrated in the drawings, wherein: Figure 1 shows the burner in side elevation, partially in section, Figure 2 is a plan view of the burner, and Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of part of the burner.
The burner shown in the drawings includes a main nozzle 1 from which emerges a flow of gas which is variable in accordance with the setting of the burner and is shut off at the low setting of the burner. The gas from the nozzle 1 flows into an injector 2 in the inlet of a main mixer tube 5, air being entrained into the injector 2 to be mixed with the gas. Alternatively the air may be introduced under pressure by a blower (not shown). In this case the air supply must also be varied on variation of the gas flow, for which purpose provision will be made for adjusting the injector 2 in relation to the nozzle 1 for example by means of a rack and pinion drive. The gas-air mixture for the main flame is fed to a burner head 7 through the main mixer tube 5.The head 7 includes a cap 8, which in the example illustrated has three superposed annular slots 15 which form the main outlet of the burner head and from which issues the mixture of gas and primary air for the main flame. A deflector edge 16 above the top slot 15 facilitates stabilisation of the main flame. The burner includes a second nozzle 3 and a second mixer tube 6 containing an injector 4, in which is formed a mixture of air with gas which issues at a constant rate from the nozzle 3 at all settings of the burner. This mixture flows, in a path separate from that of the mixture supplied through the main tube 5, through a restriction 12 in the head 7 into an expansion chamber 13 and thence to an outlet slot 14, formed between the head 7 and the cap 8 and disposed beneath the slots 15.
The mixture issuing through the slot 14 forms a constant lower stabilising flame on the burner bead, which is completely independent from the main flame formed at the slots 15 and constitutes the sole flame at the low setting of the burner, when the gas supply to the main nozzle 1 is shut off entirely.
As already described, excess air over and above that required for stoichiometric combustion is fed to the main mixer tube 5.
Owing to the excess air in the mixture formed in the mixer tube 5 it is unnecessary to supply secondary air to the burner head from the surrounding atmosphere. Therefore, as shown by Figure 1, the burner head 7 can be disposed in a plate 10 containing a trough of dish form and situated on the top of the cooker. The upper surface of the plate 10 cooperates with the underside of a saucepan 17 placed upon the plate 10 to prevent entry of external air into the space beneath the saucepan 17, in which the top of the burner head is close to the base of the saucepan. In order that the combustion gases may escape from this space, the plate 10 is formed with radial waste gas extraction channels 11. The trough in the plate 10 can be advantageously be so formed that the waste gases flow radially away to the edge of the saucepan at substantially constant speed.This ensures very high heat transfer and efficiency. The plate 10 provides an insulator and reflector which minimises heat losses downwardly into the top 9 of the cooker and also transmits heat by radiation to the base of the saucepan.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A burner for a gas cooker comprising a head having a main outlet for a mixture of gas and air to produce a main flame and an auxiliary outlet below the main outlet for an independent flow of gas and air to produce a stabilising flame, a main nozzle which provides a flow of gas to the main outlet through a main mixer tube into which air is introduced to mix with said gas in an amount in excess of that required for stoichiometric combustion, said flow of gas being variable in accordance with the setting of the burner and being shut off at the low setting of the burner, and an auxiliary nozzle which provides a constant flow of gas at all settings of the burner to the auxiliary outlet through an auxiliary mixer tube into which air is introduced to mix with said gas.
2. A burner according to claim 1, which includes an injector in the inlet of the main mixer tube and in which the ratio of the diameter of the main mixer tube to the diameter of the main nozzle exceeds 14:1.
3. A burner according to claim 2, in which the ratio of said diameters is in the range of 15:1 to 20:1.
4. A burner according to claim 1, in which air under pressure is supplied to the inlet of the main mixer tube by a blower and in which the air supply is varied in accordance with variation in flow of gas from the main nozzle.
5. A burner according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the main outlet is constituted by superposed annular slots in the head.
6. A burner according to any one of the preceding claims, the head of which is disposed in a trough in a plate mounted on top of a gas cooker and having a flat surface which cooperates with the undersurface of a saucepan placed on it to deny access of
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (7)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. efficiency is achieved which compensates and even exceeds any attenuation of efficiency occurring as the result of the excess air in the main mixture and the corresponding reduction of termperature peaks in the flame. Maximum increase in efficiency can be achieved when the excess air is supplied to the main mixer tube by a blower. An embodiment of the burner for a gas cooker according to the invention is illustrated in the drawings, wherein: Figure 1 shows the burner in side elevation, partially in section, Figure 2 is a plan view of the burner, and Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of part of the burner. The burner shown in the drawings includes a main nozzle 1 from which emerges a flow of gas which is variable in accordance with the setting of the burner and is shut off at the low setting of the burner. The gas from the nozzle 1 flows into an injector 2 in the inlet of a main mixer tube 5, air being entrained into the injector 2 to be mixed with the gas. Alternatively the air may be introduced under pressure by a blower (not shown). In this case the air supply must also be varied on variation of the gas flow, for which purpose provision will be made for adjusting the injector 2 in relation to the nozzle 1 for example by means of a rack and pinion drive. The gas-air mixture for the main flame is fed to a burner head 7 through the main mixer tube 5.The head 7 includes a cap 8, which in the example illustrated has three superposed annular slots 15 which form the main outlet of the burner head and from which issues the mixture of gas and primary air for the main flame. A deflector edge 16 above the top slot 15 facilitates stabilisation of the main flame. The burner includes a second nozzle 3 and a second mixer tube 6 containing an injector 4, in which is formed a mixture of air with gas which issues at a constant rate from the nozzle 3 at all settings of the burner. This mixture flows, in a path separate from that of the mixture supplied through the main tube 5, through a restriction 12 in the head 7 into an expansion chamber 13 and thence to an outlet slot 14, formed between the head 7 and the cap 8 and disposed beneath the slots 15. The mixture issuing through the slot 14 forms a constant lower stabilising flame on the burner bead, which is completely independent from the main flame formed at the slots 15 and constitutes the sole flame at the low setting of the burner, when the gas supply to the main nozzle 1 is shut off entirely. As already described, excess air over and above that required for stoichiometric combustion is fed to the main mixer tube 5. Owing to the excess air in the mixture formed in the mixer tube 5 it is unnecessary to supply secondary air to the burner head from the surrounding atmosphere. Therefore, as shown by Figure 1, the burner head 7 can be disposed in a plate 10 containing a trough of dish form and situated on the top of the cooker. The upper surface of the plate 10 cooperates with the underside of a saucepan 17 placed upon the plate 10 to prevent entry of external air into the space beneath the saucepan 17, in which the top of the burner head is close to the base of the saucepan. In order that the combustion gases may escape from this space, the plate 10 is formed with radial waste gas extraction channels 11. The trough in the plate 10 can be advantageously be so formed that the waste gases flow radially away to the edge of the saucepan at substantially constant speed.This ensures very high heat transfer and efficiency. The plate 10 provides an insulator and reflector which minimises heat losses downwardly into the top 9 of the cooker and also transmits heat by radiation to the base of the saucepan. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A burner for a gas cooker comprising a head having a main outlet for a mixture of gas and air to produce a main flame and an auxiliary outlet below the main outlet for an independent flow of gas and air to produce a stabilising flame, a main nozzle which provides a flow of gas to the main outlet through a main mixer tube into which air is introduced to mix with said gas in an amount in excess of that required for stoichiometric combustion, said flow of gas being variable in accordance with the setting of the burner and being shut off at the low setting of the burner, and an auxiliary nozzle which provides a constant flow of gas at all settings of the burner to the auxiliary outlet through an auxiliary mixer tube into which air is introduced to mix with said gas.
2. A burner according to claim 1, which includes an injector in the inlet of the main mixer tube and in which the ratio of the diameter of the main mixer tube to the diameter of the main nozzle exceeds 14:1.
3. A burner according to claim 2, in which the ratio of said diameters is in the range of 15:1 to 20:1.
4. A burner according to claim 1, in which air under pressure is supplied to the inlet of the main mixer tube by a blower and in which the air supply is varied in accordance with variation in flow of gas from the main nozzle.
5. A burner according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the main outlet is constituted by superposed annular slots in the head.
6. A burner according to any one of the preceding claims, the head of which is disposed in a trough in a plate mounted on top of a gas cooker and having a flat surface which cooperates with the undersurface of a saucepan placed on it to deny access of
external air to the trough, said flat surface being formed with radial waste gas extraction channels.
7. A burner according to claim 1, substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB44846/77A 1976-10-29 1977-10-27 Burner for gas cookers Expired GB1560087A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19762649454 DE2649454A1 (en) 1976-10-29 1976-10-29 COOKING BURNER FOR GAS COOKERS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1560087A true GB1560087A (en) 1980-01-30

Family

ID=5991941

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB44846/77A Expired GB1560087A (en) 1976-10-29 1977-10-27 Burner for gas cookers

Country Status (5)

Country Link
BE (1) BE860175A (en)
DE (1) DE2649454A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2369504A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1560087A (en)
NL (1) NL7711896A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2256268A (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-02 Zanussi Elettrodomestici Cooker burner mounting
EP1162404A2 (en) * 2000-06-09 2001-12-12 Whirlpool Corporation Gas burner generating an annular flame

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2459941A1 (en) * 1979-06-25 1981-01-16 Gaudy Leon Gas burner for heating - has central burner covered with plate for heat distribution
DE3039982A1 (en) * 1980-10-23 1982-05-27 Ruhrgas Ag, 4300 Essen COOKING POINT FOR GAS COOKERS
DE69410134D1 (en) * 1993-02-15 1998-06-18 Europ Equip Menager Three-part gas burner with pilot flame for cooking appliances
FR2702822B1 (en) * 1993-03-18 1995-04-21 Dietrich Europ Electromenager Three-part gas fireplace with flame catching grid.
FR2765313B1 (en) 1997-06-27 1999-09-17 Europ Equip Menager TOTAL PREMIX GAS BURNER FOR DOMESTIC COOKING
DE19905789B4 (en) * 1999-02-12 2004-11-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Atmospheric gas burner and gas distribution device for a gas burner

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2256268A (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-02 Zanussi Elettrodomestici Cooker burner mounting
EP1162404A2 (en) * 2000-06-09 2001-12-12 Whirlpool Corporation Gas burner generating an annular flame
EP1162404A3 (en) * 2000-06-09 2002-08-21 Whirlpool Corporation Gas burner generating an annular flame

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7711896A (en) 1978-05-03
BE860175A (en) 1978-02-15
FR2369504B3 (en) 1980-08-01
FR2369504A1 (en) 1978-05-26
DE2649454A1 (en) 1978-05-03

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