GB1558551A - Pressure pump heat transfer system - Google Patents

Pressure pump heat transfer system Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1558551A
GB1558551A GB545478A GB545478A GB1558551A GB 1558551 A GB1558551 A GB 1558551A GB 545478 A GB545478 A GB 545478A GB 545478 A GB545478 A GB 545478A GB 1558551 A GB1558551 A GB 1558551A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
condenser
boiler
liquid
tank
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB545478A
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Organisation Europeenne de Recherches Spatiales
Original Assignee
Organisation Europeenne de Recherches Spatiales
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE175178A external-priority patent/BE851734A/en
Application filed by Organisation Europeenne de Recherches Spatiales filed Critical Organisation Europeenne de Recherches Spatiales
Publication of GB1558551A publication Critical patent/GB1558551A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Description

(54) PRESSURE PUMP HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM (71) We, ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE DE RECHERCHES SPATIALES, a French Body Corporate, of Rue Mario Nikis 8-10, Paris, France, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:: ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A heat transfer system is disclosed comprising boiler means arranged for producing the heat carrier fluid from a liquid, pipe means connected at one end at the heat carrier fluid output from the boiler means for transporting said heat carrier fluid, condenser means having its input connected at the other end of said pipe means for accepting said heat carrier fluid and being arranged to recondense said fluid into a liquid, and a pressure pump apparatus connected between the liquid output from the condenser and the input to the boiler, said pressure pump apparatus comprising a tank for the liquid, first valve means connected between the liquid output from the condenser and the input to the tank and second valve means connected between the output from the tank and the input to the boiler.Liquid from the condenser is accepted into the tank when the pressure in the condenser is greater than the pressure of the liquid in the tank: liquid is accepted from the tank into the boiler when the pressure in the latter is lower than the pressure of the liquid in the tank.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat transfer system using a heat carrier fluid and it is particularly concerned with a pressure pump apparatus for being used in such a system.
One of the best ways for transferring heat from one location to another consists in arranging a system wherein a heat carrier fluid is produced in a boiler and transporting the heat carrier fluid thus produced through a pipe toward a condenser wherein it is caused to consense while releasing the latent heat in the fluid to a heat sink. In order to allow the fluid to circulate in a closed loop, the condensed liquid from the condenser must be returned to the boiler. When the condenser is located at a higher level than the boiler the liquid can be retuned by gravity: when this is not the case, the liquid must be pumped back by return pump means or absorbed by capillary forces in wick means.In the first case use is made of mechanical pump means which results in the system to be complex and relatively unreliable; in the second case the system can achieve a substantially low heat transfer rate only due to the weakness of the capillary forces. Also, where the system is used on board of spacecrafts or satellites for instance, the system achieves a low heat trans fer rate only due to the capillary forces being sensitive to gravitational accelerations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention has for object a heat transfer system having high reliability and heat transfer rate even when used on board of spacecrafts or space vehicles.
According to the invention there is provided a pressure pump apparatus connected between the liquid output from the condenser and the input to the boiler, and pressure pump apparatus comprising a tank for the liquid, first valve means connected between the liquid output from the condenser and the input to the tank and second valve means connected between the output from the tank and the input to the boiler.
Liquid from the condenser is accepted into the tank when the pressure in the condenser is greater than the pressure of the liquid in the tank. Liquid is accepted from the tank into the boiler when the pressure in the latter is lower than the pressure of the liquid in the tank. Two embodiments of the apparatus of the invention are described hereinafter by way of example with reference to the appended drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS -Figure 1 depicts schematically a first embodiment; - Figure 2 depicts schematically a second embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Referring to Figure 1 there is shown a heat transfer system comprising a boiler 1 at a first location and a condenser 2 at a second location, the boiler and the condenser being interconnected by a fluid pipe 3 and a liquid return path 6. The boiler 1 is arranged for containing a liquid 4 and for vaporizing it under the effect of heat produced by any known means and symbolically represented by the arrow C1. The vapour 5 thus produced in the boiler serves as heat carrier fluid which is transmitted through pipe 3 to the condenser 2 at the distant location. the condenser comprises means known per se arranged for condensing the incoming heat carrier fluid into a liquid while releasing the latent heat absorbed therein.The heat which is released for being used by a heat sink is represented by the arrow C2. The condensed liquid formed in the condenser 2 has to be returned to the boiler 1 in order to achieve a continuous operation of the system.
According to the invention the return path 6 includes a pressure pump apparatus comprising two valve means 7 and 8 with a tank 9 interconnected therebetween.
Assuming that the quantity of vapour entering the system at the output of boiler 1 by unit of time is equal to the quantity of condensed vapour in condenser 2 by unit of time, the net production of vapour is zero and the pressure in the system remains constant. From that moment. the quantity of liquid tends to increase in the condenser 2 and to diminish in the boiler 1. In the condenser, the increased amount of liquid reduces the condensation surface area.
thereby resulting in a reduction of the quantity of vapour being condensed. In the boiler 1 four situations can occur: the production of vapour can a) be kept at the same quantity, b) increase, c) decrease less than the condensation in the condenser 2 being reduced, or d) decrease more that the condensation in the condenser being reduced.
In the first three cases the net production of vapour tends to increase and the pressure in the system increases in relation with the pressure of liquid in the tank 9. Consequently, valve means 7 opens and the liquid is pumped out of the condenser 2 into the tank 9.
In the fourth case, the net production of vapour tends to decrease, and so does the pressure in the system in relation with the pressure of liquid in the tank 9. Consequent ly, the valve 8 opens and the liquid is pumped out of the tank 9 into the boiler 1.
The system as described above operates such that the net production of vapour is kept at a substantially zero quantity. As soon as a difference occurs between the quantity of produced vapour and the quantity of condensed vapour, the pressure variation which occurs restores the system's equilibrium.
The tank 9 and the pipes 3 and 6 are thermally insulated in order that heat exchanges occur only in the boiler 1 and in the condenser 2.
The tank 9 can be placed at any location in the system. For instance, it can be placed at a separate location from the boiler and the condenser as shown in figure 1. It can also be located within the boiler or within the condenser. Another advantageous embodiment as shown in Figure 2 comprises the tank 9 and valves 7 and 8 being included within the heat carrier fluid pipe 3. In Figure 2 the same reference numbers as used in Figure 1 designate similar means. It is seen on Figure 2 that the liquid pipe 6 extends within the heat carrier fluid 3. A first portion 6a extends from the condenser portion 2 arranged at one end of pipe 3 into the tank 9 which is also located within the pipe 3; a second portion 6b of pipe 6 extends from the tank 9 to the boiler portion 1 arranged at the other end of pipe 3.The portion of pipe 3 extending between the boiler and condenser portions are thermally insulated in order to form an adiabatic section.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A heat transfer system using a heat carrier fluid, this system comprising boiler means arranged for producing the heat carrier fluid from a liquid, pipe means connected at one end at the heat carrier fluid output from the boiler means for transporting said heat carrier fluid. condenser means having its input connected at the other end of said pipe means for accepting said heat carrier fluid and being arranged to recondense said fluid into a liquid, and pressure pump means comprising tank means for the liquid, said tank means having an input and an output. first valve means connected between the liquid output from the condenser means and the input to said tank means for accepting liquid from the condenser means into said tank means in response to the pressure in the condenser means being greater than the pressure of the liquid in said tank means, and second valve means connected between the output from
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (5)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. latter is lower than the pressure of the liquid in the tank. Two embodiments of the apparatus of the invention are described hereinafter by way of example with reference to the appended drawings. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS -Figure 1 depicts schematically a first embodiment; - Figure 2 depicts schematically a second embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Referring to Figure 1 there is shown a heat transfer system comprising a boiler 1 at a first location and a condenser 2 at a second location, the boiler and the condenser being interconnected by a fluid pipe 3 and a liquid return path 6. The boiler 1 is arranged for containing a liquid 4 and for vaporizing it under the effect of heat produced by any known means and symbolically represented by the arrow C1. The vapour 5 thus produced in the boiler serves as heat carrier fluid which is transmitted through pipe 3 to the condenser 2 at the distant location. the condenser comprises means known per se arranged for condensing the incoming heat carrier fluid into a liquid while releasing the latent heat absorbed therein.The heat which is released for being used by a heat sink is represented by the arrow C2. The condensed liquid formed in the condenser 2 has to be returned to the boiler 1 in order to achieve a continuous operation of the system. According to the invention the return path 6 includes a pressure pump apparatus comprising two valve means 7 and 8 with a tank 9 interconnected therebetween. Assuming that the quantity of vapour entering the system at the output of boiler 1 by unit of time is equal to the quantity of condensed vapour in condenser 2 by unit of time, the net production of vapour is zero and the pressure in the system remains constant. From that moment. the quantity of liquid tends to increase in the condenser 2 and to diminish in the boiler 1. In the condenser, the increased amount of liquid reduces the condensation surface area. thereby resulting in a reduction of the quantity of vapour being condensed. In the boiler 1 four situations can occur: the production of vapour can a) be kept at the same quantity, b) increase, c) decrease less than the condensation in the condenser 2 being reduced, or d) decrease more that the condensation in the condenser being reduced. In the first three cases the net production of vapour tends to increase and the pressure in the system increases in relation with the pressure of liquid in the tank 9. Consequently, valve means 7 opens and the liquid is pumped out of the condenser 2 into the tank 9. In the fourth case, the net production of vapour tends to decrease, and so does the pressure in the system in relation with the pressure of liquid in the tank 9. Consequent ly, the valve 8 opens and the liquid is pumped out of the tank 9 into the boiler 1. The system as described above operates such that the net production of vapour is kept at a substantially zero quantity. As soon as a difference occurs between the quantity of produced vapour and the quantity of condensed vapour, the pressure variation which occurs restores the system's equilibrium. The tank 9 and the pipes 3 and 6 are thermally insulated in order that heat exchanges occur only in the boiler 1 and in the condenser 2. The tank 9 can be placed at any location in the system. For instance, it can be placed at a separate location from the boiler and the condenser as shown in figure 1. It can also be located within the boiler or within the condenser. Another advantageous embodiment as shown in Figure 2 comprises the tank 9 and valves 7 and 8 being included within the heat carrier fluid pipe 3. In Figure 2 the same reference numbers as used in Figure 1 designate similar means. It is seen on Figure 2 that the liquid pipe 6 extends within the heat carrier fluid 3. A first portion 6a extends from the condenser portion 2 arranged at one end of pipe 3 into the tank 9 which is also located within the pipe 3; a second portion 6b of pipe 6 extends from the tank 9 to the boiler portion 1 arranged at the other end of pipe 3.The portion of pipe 3 extending between the boiler and condenser portions are thermally insulated in order to form an adiabatic section. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A heat transfer system using a heat carrier fluid, this system comprising boiler means arranged for producing the heat carrier fluid from a liquid, pipe means connected at one end at the heat carrier fluid output from the boiler means for transporting said heat carrier fluid. condenser means having its input connected at the other end of said pipe means for accepting said heat carrier fluid and being arranged to recondense said fluid into a liquid, and pressure pump means comprising tank means for the liquid, said tank means having an input and an output. first valve means connected between the liquid output from the condenser means and the input to said tank means for accepting liquid from the condenser means into said tank means in response to the pressure in the condenser means being greater than the pressure of the liquid in said tank means, and second valve means connected between the output from
said tank means and the input to the boiler means for accepting liquid from the tank means into the boiler means in response to the pressure in the boiler means being lower than the pressure of the liquid in the tank means.
2. A heat transfer system according to claim 1, wherein the tank means is comprised within the boiler means.
3. A heat transfer system according to claim 1, wherein the tank means is comprised within the condenser means.
4. A heat transfer system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure pump means are comprised within the heat carrier fluid pipe, the portion of the latter which surrounds the pressure pump means being thermally insulated.
5. A heat transfer system substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
GB545478A 1977-02-23 1978-02-10 Pressure pump heat transfer system Expired GB1558551A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE175178A BE851734A (en) 1977-02-23 1977-02-23 HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM WITH HEAT TRANSFER FLUID

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1558551A true GB1558551A (en) 1980-01-03

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ID=3842971

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB545478A Expired GB1558551A (en) 1977-02-23 1978-02-10 Pressure pump heat transfer system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6039958B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1110459A (en)
DE (1) DE2806632A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2381991A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1558551A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0046043A2 (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-17 European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) Device for passive heat transport and integrated solar collector incorporating same
GB2121158A (en) * 1981-09-25 1983-12-14 Secr Defence Heat pipe assemblies
US4576009A (en) * 1984-01-31 1986-03-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Heat transmission device
US4625790A (en) * 1984-07-24 1986-12-02 Kenji Okayasu Heat transport apparatus
US4921041A (en) * 1987-06-23 1990-05-01 Actronics Kabushiki Kaisha Structure of a heat pipe
GB2285679A (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-07-19 Agency Ind Science Techn Control of fluid circulation by bubble generation and condensation.
WO2016066154A1 (en) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-06 Philipp Wohlfrom Heat pump

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2753660A1 (en) * 1977-12-02 1979-06-07 Philips Patentverwaltung HEAT TRANSPORT SYSTEM WITH A DEVICE TO INTERRUPT THE HEAT TRANSPORT FLOW
JPS56158782U (en) * 1980-04-29 1981-11-26
JPS58142579U (en) * 1982-03-15 1983-09-26 三菱電機株式会社 heat transfer device
DE3603566A1 (en) * 1986-02-05 1987-08-06 Wiederaufarbeitung Von Kernbre DEVICE FOR LIMITING THE COOLING OF A CONVECTION COOLING CIRCUIT FOR A PASSIVE COOLING SYSTEM

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US1768448A (en) * 1930-06-24 High pressure steam generator
US1463683A (en) * 1921-07-18 1923-07-31 Leonid A Dunajeff Liquid-feeding device
US2893706A (en) * 1955-11-29 1959-07-07 Smith Arthur Leroy Capsule type heat exchanger
FR1216425A (en) * 1957-11-25 1960-04-25 Closed heating circuit by means of a gaseous fluid with return of hot condensed fluid
US3741289A (en) * 1970-07-06 1973-06-26 R Moore Heat transfer apparatus with immiscible fluids
NL7303078A (en) * 1973-03-06 1974-09-10
JPS5129746B2 (en) * 1973-05-28 1976-08-27
GB1488662A (en) * 1973-10-11 1977-10-12 Secretary Industry Brit Two-phase thermosyphons
US3986550A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-10-19 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Heat transferring apparatus
GB1436284A (en) * 1974-05-16 1976-05-19 Kodaira N Heat-treatment apparatus for synthetic fibre yarns
US3951204A (en) * 1974-07-22 1976-04-20 Movick Nyle O Method and apparatus for thermally circulating a liquid
JPS5129746U (en) * 1974-08-27 1976-03-03
GB1488661A (en) * 1974-10-11 1977-10-12 Secretary Industry Brit Two-phase thermosyphons
DE2617025C2 (en) * 1976-04-17 1983-03-31 Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Working machine to use the exergy of steam

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0046043A2 (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-02-17 European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) Device for passive heat transport and integrated solar collector incorporating same
EP0046043A3 (en) * 1980-08-07 1982-04-14 European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) Device for passive heat transport and integrated solar collector incorporating same
US4467862A (en) * 1980-08-07 1984-08-28 European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) Device for passive heat transport and integrated solar collector incorporating same
GB2121158A (en) * 1981-09-25 1983-12-14 Secr Defence Heat pipe assemblies
US4576009A (en) * 1984-01-31 1986-03-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Heat transmission device
US4625790A (en) * 1984-07-24 1986-12-02 Kenji Okayasu Heat transport apparatus
US4921041A (en) * 1987-06-23 1990-05-01 Actronics Kabushiki Kaisha Structure of a heat pipe
GB2226125A (en) * 1987-06-23 1990-06-20 Actronics Kk Loop-type heat pipes
GB2226125B (en) * 1987-06-23 1993-05-05 Actronics Kk Heat pipes
GB2285679A (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-07-19 Agency Ind Science Techn Control of fluid circulation by bubble generation and condensation.
GB2285679B (en) * 1993-12-17 1997-11-12 Agency Ind Science Techn Heat transfer system
WO2016066154A1 (en) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-06 Philipp Wohlfrom Heat pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS53130555A (en) 1978-11-14
FR2381991B1 (en) 1983-03-04
CA1110459A (en) 1981-10-13
DE2806632A1 (en) 1978-08-24
JPS6039958B2 (en) 1985-09-09
FR2381991A1 (en) 1978-09-22

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Legal Events

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PS Patent sealed
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee