GB1558522A - Processing tank - Google Patents
Processing tank Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1558522A GB1558522A GB3054/77A GB305477A GB1558522A GB 1558522 A GB1558522 A GB 1558522A GB 3054/77 A GB3054/77 A GB 3054/77A GB 305477 A GB305477 A GB 305477A GB 1558522 A GB1558522 A GB 1558522A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solid
- tank
- temperature
- water
- double
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 5
- CKQVRZJOMJRTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O CKQVRZJOMJRTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C#N TWJNQYPJQDRXPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000565 5-membered heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000000644 6-membered heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical class C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03D13/00—Processing apparatus or accessories therefor, not covered by groups G11B3/00 - G11B11/00
- G03D13/006—Temperature control of the developer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
Abstract
A method and an appliance for carrying out a chemical process, by means of which an aqueous or organic solution can be kept very accurately at a constant temperature over a defined period in an extremely simple manner. To this end, the solution is first brought to the desired temperature and then or at the same time is brought into thermal contact with an at least partially molten solid whose solidification point differs by at most 2 DEG C from the desired process temperature. There is provided, for implementing the method, a double-walled vessel whose inner wall consists of a material having a thermal conductivity better than 0.04 cal/s.cm DEG C, and between whose two walls the solid in question - e.g. a eutectic mixture of organic substances - is arranged. The solid is preferably of annular shape and surrounded by a liquid-tight shell. The interspace between the two walls of the double-walled vessel is accessible from outside, so that the annular solid can easily be replaced if required. The method is particularly suitable for treating photographic materials.
Description
(54) PROCESSING TANK
(71) We, CIBAGEIGY AG, a body corporate organised according to the laws of
Switzerland, of Basle, Switzerland, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following state ment :- This invention relates to a processing tank for carrying out a chemical process wherein a processing solution is maintained at a constant temperature.
Frequently it is necessary when carrying out chemical processes using solutions to maintain the temperature of these solutions within +0.150C for a required period. An example of such a process is in the processing of photographic materials using aqueous silver halide developing solutions. The most frequent method of maintaining a constant temperature of such solutions is to carry out the process in a thermostated tank which contains a heating element which may either be an electrical heater or control valves which allow either hot water or steam to enter a heat exchanger which is in thermal contact with the processing solution.However when the amount of processing solution is small the amount of time taken for such thermostat regulators to operate is fairly long and there is a risk that the processing temperature will oscillate from being too hot to too cold due to the operation of the thermostat. Furthermore the expense of such thermostated processing tanks as well as their bulk is fairly great. Other methods have been tried out such as adjusting the initial temperature of the processing solutions to a temperature slightly higher than that which is required and carrying out process in a fully insulated processing tank. However this method is subject to errors and has not in practice proved entirely satisfactory.
It is the object of the present invention to provide a processing tank for carrying out a chemical process wherein a solution is maintained at a constant temperature for a predetermined period of time.
According to the present invention there is provided a double walled processing tank the inner wall of which at least is made of material having a conductivity greater than 0.04 cal.lsec.
cm. OC, there being present between the inner and outer wall a solid whose melting point is within the range of 10 to 600C, the solid being present in sleeve form covered with a waterimpermeable covering.
Preferably the inner wall of the container, which separates a solution present in the container from the solid covered with a waterimpermeable covering, is composed of a metal for example stainless steel.
There may be also present between the inner and outer walls of the processing tank a material of high conductivity which serves to conduct heat from the melting solid to the inner wall of the processing tank. Suitable thermal contacts include metal such as steel, copper and aluminium. The conductors may be in the form of smooth sheets, ribbed sheets corrugated sheets.
perforated sheets, wire mesh or wire. In another embodiment of the present invention the inner wall of the processing tank may be corrugated so as to provide greater thermal conductivity between the partially melted solid on one side and the processing solution on the other side thereof.
In the processing tank of the present invention because the solid is present between the inner and outer containers in a water-impermeable covering, preferably the processing tank is so constructed that this solid can be removed easily and replaced by another solid in a waterimpermeable covering.
The water-impermeable covering may be, for example, polyethylene or polyethylenelaluminium covered foil.
Most preferably the processing tank comprises an inner compartment made of stainless steel, an outer compartment made of a plastics material which contains the solid in a waterimpermeable covering, together with means to locate the inner compartment inside the outer compartment.
In use a solid is selected whose freezing point is within 20C of the required processing temperature for the process to be carried out in the processing tank. The processing tank of the present invention is of greatest use when the required temperature of the process is between 25"C and 40"C.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of carrying out a chemical process in an aqueous or organic solvent solution wherein the solution is required to be maintained at a constant temperature for a pre-determined period of time using the double-walled processing tank of the present invention which comprises partially melting a portion of the solid in the tank then placing the aqueous or organic solvent solution in the inner compartment of the double-walled processing tank for the requisite reaction time.
In this aspect of the present invention, when the freezing point of the solid is between 20"C and 600C the solid may be partially melted by pouring hot water into the inner compartment of the container and keeping it there for a sufficient time to partially melt the solid. Then the hot water is poured out of the inner compartment which is dried out and the processing solution of the requisite temperature is then poured into the inner compartment. The more solid that is melted the longer the solution which is required to be maintained at a constant temperature will remain at that temperature.
The amount of solid that is partially melted will depend on the amount of water, the temperature of the water and the length of time it is present in the inner compartment.
The temperature of the solution whilst it is in thermal contact with the partially melted solid is maintained at the requisite constant temperature by the latent heat given out as the partially melted solid freezes if the ambient temperature is lower than the freezing point of the solid or of the latent heat absorbed as the partially melted solid melts if the ambient temperature is higher than the melting point of the solid. Thus the period of time which the processing solution is to be kept at a constant temperature cannot exceed the length of time which it takes for all the partially melted solid either to solidify or melt depending on the ambient temperature. Usually the ambient temperature is lower than the melting point of the solid.
Examples of solid compositions of use in the invention are long chain (C8 or greater) aliphatic compounds which can be saturated or partially unsaturated and include alkanes, alcohols, alkyl halides, amines, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, fatty acid amides and esters of monohydric and polyhydric alcohols.
Also of use are derivatives of urea, oximes, saturated and unsaturated 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic compounds, mono and dicarboxylic acid amides and imides, aromatic hydrocarbons which may be either unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halogen, hydroxyl, aldehyde, ketone or carboxylic acid groups, synthetic waxes such as polyethylene oxides or ethylene oxide adducts obtained by reaction with compounds containing a reactive hydrogen.
Preferably the solid is used either in a chemically pure state or as a mixture wherein the freezing point is depressed by the controlled addition of one or more chemically different compounds or in the form of a binary, ternary or higher order eutectic mixture with chemically different compounds.
The accompanying Table includes suitable solids for use in the present invention.
A eutectic mixture of two or more chemical compounds has the composition which yields the minimum melting point. It behaves like a single chemical compound in that its freezing point and melting point are identical. The transition between liquid and solid phase therefore occurs at one temperature only and not over a range of temperature. Thus eutectic mixtures are particularly suitable for use in the present invention.
TABLE
Mixture Freezing Comment
Point ( ) Weight: weight lauric: stearic acids 100:0 43
88:12 38
82: 18 35.4 Eutectic lauric: myristic acids
88:12 38
82:18 36
70: 30 33.5 lauric acid: stearine*
90: 10 38
85: 15 36
70:30 32
60: 40 31 Eutectic myristic acid: stearine*
60: 40 42 Eutectic lauric: capric acids
42: 58 20 Eutectic
0:100 31 lauric: behenic acid
90: 10 39.5 Eutectic
*stearine is an impure grade of stearic acid which
can contain up to 51% by weight of palmitic
acid.
The method of the present invention has
particular use in the processing of photographic
materials and in particular the development of
photographic materials when in some processes
the developing must be carried out for up to
10 minutes at a temperature of 380C with a temperature tolerance of +0.15"C.
When an exposed photographic film is to be processed the solid is partially melted beforehand and the exposed photographic film and the developing solution are placed together in the inner compartment of the tank for the requisite period to obtain development of the exposed photographic material.
Further by use of the double-walled processing tank according to the present invention containing sufficient partially melted solid it is possible to maintain the temperature of the photographic processing solution constant for up to an hour and to process several batches of exposed film material therein during this period.
When carrying out a photographic development process there is present over the tank a light-tight lid.
The accompanying drawing illustrates a souble walled processing tank according to the present invention.
The Figure is a cross sectional front elevation of the processing tank.
The tank comprises an outer container 1 composed of polystyrene and a stainless steel inner container 2. Present between the containers 1 and 2 is an annular block 3 of a mixture of lauric and stearic acid covered in polyethylene film. The space 4 contains water (in use). The top of the outer compartment has a threaded inward facing annular rim 5.
This co-operates with a sealing ring 6. The inner compartment 2 is held in the outer compartment 1 by an '0' ring 7 which is located in the sealing ring 6.
On top of the inner compartment 2 is a light-tight lid 8 which is composed of black pigmented polyethylene.
The thickness of the plastic material which is used to make both the lid and the outer
container was 1.2mm and the thickness of the stainless steel was 1 .0mum.
The height of the container 2 was l0cms and its volume was 636cc.
The block of solid 3 contained a mixture of
261 grams of lauric acid and 29 grams of stearic
acid. The freezing point of this mixture was 38"C.
This tank was used in the Example which
follows and serves to illustrate the invention.
EXAMPLE
In a particular photographic processing step
it is required that the temperature of the develop
ing solution whilst in contact with the exposed
films is maintained at 38"C +0.1 C for 10
minutes. This processing step was carried out in
the container as just described. The inner
container 2 attached to the sealing ring 6 is
unscrewed from the outer container 1 and 50ml
of cold water added so that when the inner
container is screwed into the outer container
the water will just fill space 4. The inner con
tainer 2 and sealing ring 6 were then screwed
back in to position in the outer container 1.
Water 445ml at 80"C was poured into the inner container 2. The lid was placed on container and the tank inverted once every minute for 5 minutes. The water which had then dropped to 64"C was then poured way. Two stainless steel spirals each loaded with a 36 frame exposed roll of 35mm photographic film were placed in the tank and 445mls of water at 380C was added.
The lid was replaced and the tank was left for three minutes for the spirals and film to warm to processing temperature. The pre-soak water was poured out and was repalced by a silver halide developing solution at 380C. The tank was inverted once every minute and the temperature of the developer measured by means of a small thermocouple inserted through a small hole in the lid. Temperature remained constant at 38"C i0.l0C for 18 minutes and took 40 minutes to fall to 370C. Room temperature was 21"C.
The same two loaded film spirals were presoaked for three minutes in water at 380C contained in an identical stainless steel tank with a lid but with no outer tank nor low-melting solid in thermal contact therewith. The presoak water was poured out and replaced by 445m1 of developer at 380C. The temperature of the developer began to fall immediately at a rate of 0.50C per minute. When the same procedure was used with the same two spools and the same quantities of water and developer in the outer polystyrene tank without lowmelting solid nor inner tank, the temperature fell immediately at a rate of 0.250C per minute. Room temperature in both cases was 21"C.
In another test the temperature of the initial solid-melting water was reduced and 600mls of water at 700C was used. After five minutes the water temperature had dropped to 540C. After a presoak of the films on the spirals at 380C for 3 minutes, developer at 380C was added and its temperature remained constant 38 i0.l0C for 13 minutes and took 28 minutes to reach 370C. Room temperature was 21"C.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A double walled processing tank the inner wall of which at least is made of material having a conductivity greater than 0.04 cal./sec.
cm. OC, there being present between the inner and outer wall a solid whose melting point is within the range of 10 to 600C, the solid being present in sleeve from covered with a waterimpermeable covering.
2. A double-walled processing tank according to claim 1 which is so constructed that the covered solid can be removed and replaced by another covered solid.
3. A double-walled processing tank according to either claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the solid is used either in a chemically pure state or as a mixture wherein the freezing point is depressed by the controlled addition of one or more chemically different compounds or in the form of a binary, ternary or higher order
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (10)
- **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.temperature tolerance of +0.15"C.When an exposed photographic film is to be processed the solid is partially melted beforehand and the exposed photographic film and the developing solution are placed together in the inner compartment of the tank for the requisite period to obtain development of the exposed photographic material.Further by use of the double-walled processing tank according to the present invention containing sufficient partially melted solid it is possible to maintain the temperature of the photographic processing solution constant for up to an hour and to process several batches of exposed film material therein during this period.When carrying out a photographic development process there is present over the tank a light-tight lid.The accompanying drawing illustrates a souble walled processing tank according to the present invention.The Figure is a cross sectional front elevation of the processing tank.The tank comprises an outer container 1 composed of polystyrene and a stainless steel inner container 2. Present between the containers 1 and 2 is an annular block 3 of a mixture of lauric and stearic acid covered in polyethylene film. The space 4 contains water (in use). The top of the outer compartment has a threaded inward facing annular rim 5.This co-operates with a sealing ring 6. The inner compartment 2 is held in the outer compartment 1 by an '0' ring 7 which is located in the sealing ring 6.On top of the inner compartment 2 is a light-tight lid 8 which is composed of black pigmented polyethylene.The thickness of the plastic material which is used to make both the lid and the outer container was 1.2mm and the thickness of the stainless steel was 1 .0mum.The height of the container 2 was l0cms and its volume was 636cc.The block of solid 3 contained a mixture of261 grams of lauric acid and 29 grams of stearic acid. The freezing point of this mixture was 38"C.This tank was used in the Example which follows and serves to illustrate the invention.EXAMPLE In a particular photographic processing step it is required that the temperature of the develop ing solution whilst in contact with the exposed films is maintained at 38"C +0.1 C for 10 minutes. This processing step was carried out in the container as just described. The inner container 2 attached to the sealing ring 6 is unscrewed from the outer container 1 and 50ml of cold water added so that when the inner container is screwed into the outer container the water will just fill space 4. The inner con tainer 2 and sealing ring 6 were then screwed back in to position in the outer container 1.Water 445ml at 80"C was poured into the inner container 2. The lid was placed on container and the tank inverted once every minute for 5 minutes. The water which had then dropped to 64"C was then poured way. Two stainless steel spirals each loaded with a 36 frame exposed roll of 35mm photographic film were placed in the tank and 445mls of water at 380C was added.The lid was replaced and the tank was left for three minutes for the spirals and film to warm to processing temperature. The pre-soak water was poured out and was repalced by a silver halide developing solution at 380C. The tank was inverted once every minute and the temperature of the developer measured by means of a small thermocouple inserted through a small hole in the lid. Temperature remained constant at 38"C i0.l0C for 18 minutes and took 40 minutes to fall to 370C. Room temperature was 21"C.The same two loaded film spirals were presoaked for three minutes in water at 380C contained in an identical stainless steel tank with a lid but with no outer tank nor low-melting solid in thermal contact therewith. The presoak water was poured out and replaced by 445m1 of developer at 380C. The temperature of the developer began to fall immediately at a rate of 0.50C per minute. When the same procedure was used with the same two spools and the same quantities of water and developer in the outer polystyrene tank without lowmelting solid nor inner tank, the temperature fell immediately at a rate of 0.250C per minute. Room temperature in both cases was 21"C.In another test the temperature of the initial solid-melting water was reduced and 600mls of water at 700C was used. After five minutes the water temperature had dropped to 540C. After a presoak of the films on the spirals at 380C for 3 minutes, developer at 380C was added and its temperature remained constant 38 i0.l0C for 13 minutes and took 28 minutes to reach 370C. Room temperature was 21"C.WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A double walled processing tank the inner wall of which at least is made of material having a conductivity greater than 0.04 cal./sec.cm. OC, there being present between the inner and outer wall a solid whose melting point is within the range of 10 to 600C, the solid being present in sleeve from covered with a waterimpermeable covering.
- 2. A double-walled processing tank according to claim 1 which is so constructed that the covered solid can be removed and replaced by another covered solid.
- 3. A double-walled processing tank according to either claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the solid is used either in a chemically pure state or as a mixture wherein the freezing point is depressed by the controlled addition of one or more chemically different compounds or in the form of a binary, ternary or higher ordereutectic mixture with chemically different compounds.
- 4. A double-walled processing tank accord ing to either claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the solid is any one of the eutectic mixtures herein before set forth.
- 5. A double-walled processing tank accord ing to any of claims 1 to 4 wherein the pro cessing tank comprises an inner compartment ) made of stainless steel, an outer compartment made of a plastics material, together with means to locate the inner compartment inside the outer compartment.
- 6. A double-walled processing tank accord ing to any one of claims 1 to 5 which has over the inner compartment a light-tight lid.
- 7. A method of carrying out a chemical process in an aqueous or organic solvent solution wherein the solution is required to be main tained at a constant temperature for a pre determined period of time using the double walled processing tank as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 which comprises partially melting a portion of the solid in the double-walled processing tank, then placing the aqueous or organic solvent solution in the inner compart ment of the tank for the requisite reaction time.
- 8. A method according to claim 7 wherein the solid is partially melted by placing water at a temperature in excess of the melting point of the solid in the inner compartment and allowing it to remain there for sufficient time to melt partially the solid and then removing the water.
- 9. A method according to either claim 7 or claim 8 wherein the chemical process is the development of exposed photographic material and the solution is a photographic developing solution and the exposed photographic material and the developing solution are placed together in the inner compartment of the tank for the requisite period to obtain development of the exposed photographic material.
- 10. A double-walled processing tank substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3054/77A GB1558522A (en) | 1977-01-26 | 1977-01-26 | Processing tank |
| IT2044777A IT1118004B (en) | 1976-02-19 | 1977-02-18 | Reinforced laminate prodn. from prepregs - which contain fibrous reinforcing agent impregnated with liquid compsn. contg. epoxide resin and photopolymerisable cpd. (NL 23.8.77) |
| CH46178A CH632421A5 (en) | 1977-01-26 | 1978-01-17 | Method and appliance for carrying out a chemical process |
| IT7847756A IT7847756A0 (en) | 1977-01-26 | 1978-01-24 | PROCEDURE AND CONTAINER TO CARRY OUT A CHEMICAL PROCESS IN SOLUTION |
| DE19782802942 DE2802942A1 (en) | 1977-01-26 | 1978-01-24 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT CHEMICAL PROCESSES |
| FR7802058A FR2379108A1 (en) | 1977-01-26 | 1978-01-25 | PROCESS AND TANK FOR PERFORMING A CHEMICAL OPERATION |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3054/77A GB1558522A (en) | 1977-01-26 | 1977-01-26 | Processing tank |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1558522A true GB1558522A (en) | 1980-01-03 |
Family
ID=9751118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3054/77A Expired GB1558522A (en) | 1976-02-19 | 1977-01-26 | Processing tank |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH632421A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2802942A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2379108A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1558522A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7847756A0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2464685A1 (en) * | 1979-09-13 | 1981-03-20 | Jobo Labortech | TEMPERATURE REGULATING DEVICE FOR RESERVE CONTAINERS, ESPECIALLY FOR CHEMICALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT |
| FR2474195A1 (en) * | 1980-01-22 | 1981-07-24 | Comp Generale Electricite | THERMAL CONTROL METHOD |
| EP0129954A1 (en) * | 1983-06-22 | 1985-01-02 | Mobil Oil Corporation | A passive temperature control system |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2876634A (en) * | 1954-12-08 | 1959-03-10 | Hale G Zimmerman | Thermodynamic container |
| US3463140A (en) * | 1967-10-11 | 1969-08-26 | Edward A Rollor Jr | Container for heated liquids |
| US3603106A (en) * | 1969-03-27 | 1971-09-07 | John W Ryan | Thermodynamic container |
-
1977
- 1977-01-26 GB GB3054/77A patent/GB1558522A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-01-17 CH CH46178A patent/CH632421A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-01-24 IT IT7847756A patent/IT7847756A0/en unknown
- 1978-01-24 DE DE19782802942 patent/DE2802942A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-01-25 FR FR7802058A patent/FR2379108A1/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7847756A0 (en) | 1978-01-24 |
| FR2379108A1 (en) | 1978-08-25 |
| CH632421A5 (en) | 1982-10-15 |
| FR2379108B1 (en) | 1983-02-04 |
| DE2802942A1 (en) | 1978-07-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |