GB1460527A - Automatic grader for sorting objects according to brightness and colour tones - Google Patents
Automatic grader for sorting objects according to brightness and colour tonesInfo
- Publication number
- GB1460527A GB1460527A GB1583874A GB1583874A GB1460527A GB 1460527 A GB1460527 A GB 1460527A GB 1583874 A GB1583874 A GB 1583874A GB 1583874 A GB1583874 A GB 1583874A GB 1460527 A GB1460527 A GB 1460527A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- leaves
- articles
- switches
- colour
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 3
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B1/00—Preparation of tobacco on the plantation
- A24B1/04—Sifting, sorting, cleaning or removing impurities from tobacco
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B13/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for wet-separating apparatus or for dressing plant, using physical effects
- B03B13/02—Control arrangements specially adapted for wet-separating apparatus or for dressing plant, using physical effects using optical effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
- B07C5/366—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means during free fall of the articles
Abstract
1460527 Photo-electric sorting AMF Inc 10 April 1974 [15 May 1973] 15838/74 Heading G1A In a system for sorting articles such as tobacco leaves according to their brightness and colour tones, the articles are illuminated with polychromatic light as they pass over a background of known colour, and the light reflected from the articles is measured in three spectral bands; these measurements are combined to give the brightness of the articles and also the amount of two different colour tones, the results being compared with pre-selected values and the articles being rejected if they fall outside a given deviation from the preselected values. One of the three spectral bands is chosen such that the reflectivity of the articles in that band is uniform from one article to the next, so that by measuring in that band an estimate of the article size is made and the signals in the other two bands can be normalized. Fig. 1 shows tobacco leaves T projected over a background plate S by a conveyer 12. A set of lamps L illuminated the leaves, and reflected light is collected by telescope A2 and directed to detectors RD, FD, ID. These detectors comprise photodiodes or transistors each having a filter to select a spectral band. For tobacco the filters are centred on 540nm. (green), 670nm. (red) and 900nm. (infrared). The signals from the detectors are combined according to given equations, the infrared signal being used basically to determine leaf size and the red and green signals to determine its colour. If a leaf is unsatisfactory the electronic circuitry 14 activates an air blaster 18 to deflect the leaf into a bin BR, while satisfactory leaves pass to bin BA. The apparatus operates on a cyclic basis synchronized with the mains supply. Each detector signal is integrated in each cycle for a length of time determined by switches on a control panel. By setting these switches, an operator can thus set values into the apparatus and the leaves are compared with these values. If, after manipulation by the circuitry, the combined integrated values fall outside a given range, the leaf is rejected. The control panel is shown in Fig. 2 and is divided into six zones of brightness and colour. By setting control switches ZBD, ZBG, ZBR, ZDG, ZDR the shapes of the zones can be changed, and switches TS1-TS6 determine whether leaves falling in a given zone are kept or rejected. Thus to accept only bright green leaves, ZBG and ZDG would be set to define the amount and range of greenness falling in the bright green zone, and TS1 would be set to "keep", all other TS switches being set to "reject." The background plate S of Fig. 1 serves as a reference calibration. The colour of this plate is measured and stored in each cycle to compensate for drift in the system. The use of a coloured plate also allows allowance to be made for leaves which do not fill the whole field of views of the detector, since the amount of light reflected from the plate is known. A blower is provided to keep the plate clear of debris, and if a leaf etc. becomes stuck on the plate, a lamp on the control panel indicates this. Details of the mathematical operations effected on the signals are given, as are details of the analogue and logic circuitry involved and of the manner in which the control panel switches are pre-set for desired results. An embodiment is described which is basically four of the above systems which are controlled by a common programmer; the four systems operate simultaneously, their outputs being computed in serial form through a common logic arrangement. The four systems have their controls all on a common panel, and operate in series on a batch of leaves to sort them into desired categories.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00360570A US3854586A (en) | 1973-05-15 | 1973-05-15 | Automatic grader for sorting objects according to brightness and color tones |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1460527A true GB1460527A (en) | 1977-01-06 |
Family
ID=23418569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1583874A Expired GB1460527A (en) | 1973-05-15 | 1974-04-10 | Automatic grader for sorting objects according to brightness and colour tones |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3854586A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5743233B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA998645A (en) |
CH (1) | CH577677A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2415752C2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1460527A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4239118A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1980-12-16 | Geosource Inc. | Sorting apparatus having automatic nulling arrangement |
GB2119509A (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1983-11-16 | Geosource Inc | Sorting apparatus and method |
GB2151018A (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-07-10 | Gunsons Sortex Ltd | Sorting machine and method |
GB2155630A (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-09-25 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | Apparatus for testing rod-shaped products of the tobacco processing industry |
AT380814B (en) * | 1984-09-10 | 1986-07-10 | Andritz Ag Maschf | SORTING DEVICE FOR SEPARATING RANDOM DISTRIBUTIONS BY COLOR, BRIGHTNESS VALUE, LARGE OR THE SAME DIFFERENT PARTICLES |
GB2172699A (en) * | 1985-03-19 | 1986-09-24 | Anzai Mfg Co Ltd | Apparatus and method for separating mixed products |
CN103211292A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-07-24 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Equipment and method for sectional fine sorting of tobacco sheets |
CN112704259A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-27 | 杭州安脉盛智能技术有限公司 | Threshing quality evaluation method and system for dense tobacco leaf recognition |
Families Citing this family (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2713396A1 (en) * | 1977-03-24 | 1978-09-28 | Applied Photophysics Ltd | Identification system for bodies containing luminous material - uses intensity-wavelength distribution in emission spectrum for testing |
IT1156405B (en) * | 1978-01-09 | 1987-02-04 | Enrietti Sas Di L & P Enrietti | PRESS FOR MOLDING PLASTIC MATERIALS |
US4634881A (en) * | 1982-11-09 | 1987-01-06 | Supernova Systems, Inc. | Apparatus for detecting impurities in translucent bodies |
JPS59155729A (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1984-09-04 | Satake Eng Co Ltd | Different color particle discharging apparatus of color sortor |
US4609108A (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1986-09-02 | Institute Po Technicheska Kibernetika I Robotika | Tobacco sorting method and apparatus |
WO1985003622A1 (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-08-29 | Alexandr Ivanovich Zamotaev | Optical method and plant for sorting fruits according to quality |
DE3428966A1 (en) * | 1984-08-06 | 1986-02-06 | Institut po Techničeska Kibernetika i Robotika, Sofia/Sofija | Method and apparatus for sorting tobacco leaves |
DE3789015T2 (en) * | 1987-02-14 | 1994-06-23 | Satake Eng Co Ltd | Apparatus for sorting by color. |
BG47531A1 (en) * | 1987-12-15 | 1990-08-15 | Vissh Inst Khranitelno Vkusova | Device for automatic sorting of fruits, vegetables and tuberiferous plants according to their quality |
JPH01162634U (en) * | 1989-02-27 | 1989-11-13 | ||
EP0517950B1 (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1996-07-10 | Esm International, Inc. | Sorting machine |
US6646218B1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2003-11-11 | Key Technology, Inc. | Multi-band spectral sorting system for light-weight articles |
CA2499853C (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2012-11-13 | Universal Leaf Tobacco Company, Inc. | Apparatus and method for scanning and sorting tobacco leaves |
EP2107361A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-07 | Unilever PLC | Process and Apparatus for Analysing Plant Material |
US8281931B2 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-10-09 | Key Technology, Inc. | Apparatus and method for post-threshing inspection and sorting of tobacco lamina |
CA2793698C (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2016-11-29 | The University Of Melbourne | Kit and method for detecting porous dental hydroxy apatite |
CN102871211A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-01-16 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for increasing sheeting rate of redried finished tobacco sheets |
US9870505B2 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2018-01-16 | Altria Client Services Llc | Hyperspectral imaging system for monitoring agricultural products during processing and manufacturing |
CN103844344B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2016-02-24 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | A kind of regulate and control the method for different batches cigarette shreds quality uniformity and application thereof |
CN103976468A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-13 | 河南科技大学 | Tobacco leaf grading method |
CN104226613B (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2017-01-25 | 河南科技大学 | Electromagnetic damping type automatic tobacco sorting manipulator |
CN104585856B (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-03-16 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of tobacco leaf group technology based on material quality dynamic change |
CN104783320A (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2015-07-22 | 福建省龙岩金叶复烤有限责任公司 | Tobacco leaf formula threshing method |
CN106418635B (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2018-08-31 | 福建武夷烟叶有限公司 | Reduce the equipment and technique of the beating and double roasting nicotine coefficient of variation |
CN105268656B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-10-13 | 宁夏大学 | Electromagnetic type fruit rapid classification device |
CN106248591B (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2022-03-04 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Device for distinguishing maturity degree of tobacco leaves and distinguishing method thereof |
US10197504B2 (en) | 2016-10-10 | 2019-02-05 | Altria Client Services Llc | Method and system of detecting foreign materials within an agricultural product stream |
CN106343607B (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-08-25 | 郑州大学 | A kind of tobacco leaf grading method and apparatus based on FPGA |
BR112019006749B1 (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2023-12-12 | Marel Iceland Ehf | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING MEAT PIECES |
CN106579537A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-04-26 | 刘太明 | Method and device for intelligently grading and sorting tobacco leaves |
CN107589079B (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-10-29 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | A method of based on tobacco leaf color test evaluation threshed redried strips mixing uniformity |
CN107543795B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-12-27 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for distinguishing production place of flue-cured tobacco |
US10512942B2 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-12-24 | Optisort, Llc | System and method for sorting objects |
CN109846069A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-07 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Using flue gas characteristic as the Luzhou-flavor flue-cured tobacco difference size piece cigarette classification method of index |
CN111380812A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-07-07 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for quickly identifying flue-cured tobacco and cinnabar tobacco leaves |
CN112006318B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-04-05 | 福建武夷烟叶有限公司 | Threshing and redrying processing technology suitable for green and impurity-containing tobacco leaves with different degrees |
CN114682524B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-07-28 | 合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司 | Signal correction method and device and sorting equipment |
CN114916696B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-05-12 | 山东潍坊烟草有限公司 | Method for establishing grade and quality judgment standard of fresh tobacco leaves |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3066797A (en) * | 1958-10-20 | 1962-12-04 | R W Gunson Seeds Ltd | Colour sorting machines |
US3373870A (en) * | 1966-07-08 | 1968-03-19 | American Tobacco Co | Cigar classification apparatus |
CA949169A (en) * | 1971-05-20 | 1974-06-11 | Joseph R. Perkins (Iii) | Automatic grader and sorter using polychromatic light |
US3744919A (en) * | 1971-07-16 | 1973-07-10 | Hanscom G | Color measuring with memory |
US3737239A (en) * | 1971-07-16 | 1973-06-05 | Hoffmann La Roche | Machine color recognition |
US3750883A (en) * | 1972-05-03 | 1973-08-07 | Fmc Corp | Circuitry for sorting fruit according to color |
-
1973
- 1973-05-15 US US00360570A patent/US3854586A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-02-08 CH CH178874A patent/CH577677A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-04-01 DE DE2415752A patent/DE2415752C2/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-10 GB GB1583874A patent/GB1460527A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-03 CA CA198,791A patent/CA998645A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-15 JP JP49053489A patent/JPS5743233B2/ja not_active Expired
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4239118A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1980-12-16 | Geosource Inc. | Sorting apparatus having automatic nulling arrangement |
GB2119509A (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1983-11-16 | Geosource Inc | Sorting apparatus and method |
GB2155630A (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-09-25 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | Apparatus for testing rod-shaped products of the tobacco processing industry |
GB2151018A (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-07-10 | Gunsons Sortex Ltd | Sorting machine and method |
US4699273A (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1987-10-13 | Gunson's Sortex Limited | Sorting machine |
AT380814B (en) * | 1984-09-10 | 1986-07-10 | Andritz Ag Maschf | SORTING DEVICE FOR SEPARATING RANDOM DISTRIBUTIONS BY COLOR, BRIGHTNESS VALUE, LARGE OR THE SAME DIFFERENT PARTICLES |
GB2172699A (en) * | 1985-03-19 | 1986-09-24 | Anzai Mfg Co Ltd | Apparatus and method for separating mixed products |
CN103211292A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-07-24 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Equipment and method for sectional fine sorting of tobacco sheets |
CN112704259A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-27 | 杭州安脉盛智能技术有限公司 | Threshing quality evaluation method and system for dense tobacco leaf recognition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5018700A (en) | 1975-02-27 |
JPS5743233B2 (en) | 1982-09-13 |
DE2415752A1 (en) | 1974-12-05 |
CA998645A (en) | 1976-10-19 |
CH577677A5 (en) | 1976-07-15 |
DE2415752C2 (en) | 1984-02-02 |
US3854586A (en) | 1974-12-17 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19930410 |