GB1245276A - Improvements in method and apparatus for cement kiln control - Google Patents
Improvements in method and apparatus for cement kiln controlInfo
- Publication number
- GB1245276A GB1245276A GB50249/68A GB5024968A GB1245276A GB 1245276 A GB1245276 A GB 1245276A GB 50249/68 A GB50249/68 A GB 50249/68A GB 5024968 A GB5024968 A GB 5024968A GB 1245276 A GB1245276 A GB 1245276A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- kiln
- signal
- rate
- torque
- control system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/42—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
- Feedback Control In General (AREA)
Abstract
1,245,276. Automatic control of rotary cement kilns. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Oct. 23, 1968 [Oct.30, 1967], No.50249/68. Heading G3R. The burning zone of a rotary cement kiln is automatically maintained at a desired length by controlling the rate of heat input into the kiln in accordance with variations of the torque supplied by the motor rotating the kiln, so that the torque is maintained constant at a value determined by the particular operating conditions of the kiln, e.g. type of material, rate of feed and nature of desired product. In addition to the torque control system, a further control system is provided to automatically maintain constant the temperature of the gases at the feed end of the kiln and thereby provide a relatively constant temperature profile over the length of the kiln. Also, an over-ride control system ensures that the oxygen content of the gases does not fall below a predetermined minimum value, by over-riding the temperature control system or, if this is not or no longer possible, by over-riding the torque control system. As shown, a control system 51, which may comprise a digital computer with suitable A/D, D/A converters and logic circuits, is supplied by sensers 50, 53, 55, 59 and 60 respectively responsive to rate of raw feed, gas temperature, gas (oxygen) content, rate of heating fuel flow and torque of an electric driving motor 20. The fuel may be natural gas, pulverized coal, oil or combinations thereof, the senser 53 may be a thermocouple and the motor 20 may be A. C., in which case the senser provides a signal representative of the watt power input to the motor, or may be D. C. as in the described embodiment wherein the senser 60 provides a signal representative of the armature current. A controller 68 adjusts the fuel flow in accordance with torque variations and a controller 69 adjusts a fan 31 to vary the rate of flow of the gases leaving the kiln in accordance with temperature variations. In the latter system, control of dampers 38 may replace control of the fan 31. Due to the long time delay between a control action to adjust the fuel flow and the resulting change in the burning zone condition (and hence in the motor torque), the torque control system includes, in addition to a comparator 82 for the measured and set point current signals, a further feedback loop comprising a process model 83 and a summing amplifier 84, which loop ensures that the system responds only to genuine kiln disturbances, that is, disturbances other than those directly caused by a previous control action. The model 83 comprises calculating and memory apparatus, Fig. 3 (not shown), which calculates, stores and selects feedback signals whose number depends on the interval between control value calculations and the time delay characteristic of the kiln. Apart from the members 83, 84, the torque and temperature control systems are generally similar and include filter and logic circuits 80, 81 and 88, 89, which compare each filtered signal with the previous one and use the latter if the latest signal falls outside a predetermined range, thereby masking momentary disturbances in the kiln. Also the torque controller 85 receives a signal representative of the rate of fuel flow to the mixing chamber 27, which signal varies up to the time when automatic control of the kiln is initiated, but remains constant during the period of automatic control. The controllers 85, 91 are of the type which calculate the output signal in accordance with the input signal(s) received and with a predetermined equation involving the signal(s). The controller 85 uses an equation relating the signal from amplifier 84, the constant signal of rate of fuel flow mentioned previously, and a constant which is a function of the characteristics of the kiln being controlled. The controller 91 uses an equation relating the signal from amplifier 90, the previous rate of gas flow, the previous signal from amplifier 90 and constants dependent on the controller, which includes both proportional and integral modes. The outputs of controllers 85, 91 are also fed to the oxygen over-ride logic circuit 95, which receives input signals, representative of rate of raw feed and the oxygen content of the exit gases and calculates what the new oxygen content will be after the contemplated control actions are taken. If the predicted oxygen content is less than the prescribed minimum safe value, a logic switch 92 is operated to allow a new exit gas flow signal calculated by the circuit 95 to be passed to the controller 69, the new signal ensuring that the oxygen content is held at the safe level. However, if adjustment of the gas rate of flow cannot achieve the desired safe level, a logic switch 86 is operated to permit a fuel rate of flow signal calculated by the circuit 95 to be applied to the controller 68. Operation of the oxygen override logic circuit 95 is described, including the equations used in the various calculations. All the circuit members shown in Fig. 2 may be incorporated in the digital computer. The setpoint signal applied to the amplifier 82 may be controlled by the kiln operator or by a value stored in the digital computer and will be based on a periodic chemical analysis of the kiln product. The initial setpoint will depend on the type and rate of feed and on a particular product derived from past experience. A flow chart of the whole control system is discussed, Fig. 4 (not shown) and characteristics of typical operations of the torque control system are described, Fig. 5 (not shown).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US67885167A | 1967-10-30 | 1967-10-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1245276A true GB1245276A (en) | 1971-09-08 |
Family
ID=24724548
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB50249/68A Expired GB1245276A (en) | 1967-10-30 | 1968-10-23 | Improvements in method and apparatus for cement kiln control |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3469828A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4819848B1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE722812A (en) |
CH (1) | CH496221A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1805137A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1592593A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1245276A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6814902A (en) |
SE (1) | SE340675B (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3578298A (en) * | 1969-09-26 | 1971-05-11 | Gen Electric | Method and apparatus for cement kiln control |
US3578299A (en) * | 1969-09-26 | 1971-05-11 | Gen Electric | Method and apparatus for cement kiln control |
DE2357057B2 (en) * | 1973-11-15 | 1976-12-30 | Leisenberg, Manfred, 6312 Laubach | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AIR VOLUME REGULATION IN A TUNNEL FURNACE |
DE2362622C2 (en) * | 1973-12-17 | 1986-07-10 | Portlandzementwerk Dotternhausen Rudolf Rohrbach Kg, 7460 Balingen | Device for dedusting hot exhaust gases |
DE2835009C2 (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1985-09-05 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Method and device for controlling the burners of a rotary kiln heat exchanger system |
DE3217969A1 (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1983-11-17 | Claudius Peters Ag, 2000 Hamburg | DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING RUST DIAGNOSIS |
US5828502A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1998-10-27 | Afshari; Ali | Optical bench system |
WO1996010204A1 (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-04-04 | Ali Afshari | Optical bench system |
DE4442703A1 (en) * | 1994-12-01 | 1996-06-05 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Plant for the thermal treatment of flour-like raw materials |
US5636982A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-06-10 | Bha Group, Inc. | Method and apparatus for acoustically enhancing cooling of clinker |
US6488765B1 (en) | 1997-07-30 | 2002-12-03 | Cemex, Inc. | Oxygen enrichment of cement kiln system combustion |
US6309210B1 (en) * | 1999-03-16 | 2001-10-30 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et, L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Kiln universal oxygen enrichment |
US7607913B2 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2009-10-27 | Osisoft, Inc. | CO controller for a boiler |
CN103105059B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-08-06 | 新兴能源装备股份有限公司 | Magnesium metal rotary kiln feed control device |
DE102017202824A1 (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-23 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Plant for the production of cement clinker and method for operating such a plant |
DE102018215348A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-12 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Cooler for cooling clinker and method for operating a cooler for cooling clinker |
CN112960916A (en) * | 2020-11-28 | 2021-06-15 | 张顺元 | Self-circulation system of active lime rotary kiln |
CN113063153A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-02 | 江苏绿平环保科技有限公司 | Self-adjusting rotary kiln internal combustion temperature system |
CN115560584B (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-04-28 | 长三角信息智能创新研究院 | Rotary kiln health monitoring method and device and electronic equipment |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1945652A (en) * | 1931-03-19 | 1934-02-06 | Martin Claude Worth | Means for controlling operation of cement kilns |
US3381946A (en) * | 1966-06-07 | 1968-05-07 | Leeds & Northrup Co | Method and apparatus for the optimization of kiln cooler control |
-
1967
- 1967-10-30 US US678851A patent/US3469828A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1968
- 1968-10-17 NL NL6814902A patent/NL6814902A/xx unknown
- 1968-10-23 GB GB50249/68A patent/GB1245276A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-10-24 BE BE722812D patent/BE722812A/xx unknown
- 1968-10-25 DE DE19681805137 patent/DE1805137A1/en active Pending
- 1968-10-28 CH CH1608468A patent/CH496221A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-10-28 FR FR1592593D patent/FR1592593A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-10-30 JP JP43079233A patent/JPS4819848B1/ja active Pending
- 1968-10-30 SE SE14720/68A patent/SE340675B/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS4819848B1 (en) | 1973-06-16 |
NL6814902A (en) | 1969-05-02 |
SE340675B (en) | 1971-11-29 |
DE1805137A1 (en) | 1969-10-16 |
FR1592593A (en) | 1970-05-19 |
US3469828A (en) | 1969-09-30 |
BE722812A (en) | 1969-04-01 |
CH496221A (en) | 1970-09-15 |
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