GB1235541A - Life support system and method - Google Patents

Life support system and method

Info

Publication number
GB1235541A
GB1235541A GB03044/68A GB1304468A GB1235541A GB 1235541 A GB1235541 A GB 1235541A GB 03044/68 A GB03044/68 A GB 03044/68A GB 1304468 A GB1304468 A GB 1304468A GB 1235541 A GB1235541 A GB 1235541A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
oxygen
vessel
outlet
gas
gas mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB03044/68A
Inventor
Halbert Fischel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB1235541A publication Critical patent/GB1235541A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/06Respiratory apparatus with liquid oxygen or air; Cryogenic systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/1045Devices for humidifying or heating the inspired gas by using recovered moisture or heat from the expired gas
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/18Air supply
    • B63C11/22Air supply carried by diver
    • B63C11/24Air supply carried by diver in closed circulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04975Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the air fractionation unit, e.g. transportable devices by truck or small scale use
    • F25J3/04981Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the air fractionation unit, e.g. transportable devices by truck or small scale use for portable medical or home use
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/22Carbon dioxide-absorbing devices ; Other means for removing carbon dioxide
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/02Gases
    • A61M2202/0208Oxygen
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/03Gases in liquid phase, e.g. cryogenic liquids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/025Mixing fluids different fluids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00Applications
    • F17C2270/02Applications for medical applications
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42Nitrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/02Mixing or blending of fluids to yield a certain product
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/40Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F25J2270/904External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by liquid or gaseous cryogen in an open loop

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

1,235,541. Respiratory apparatus. H. FISCHEL. 18 March, 1968 [16 March, 1967], No. 13044/68. Heading A5T. [Also in Division F4] A life support system for controlling the partial pressure of oxygen in a breathing gas mixture includes a reservoir containing the gaseous oxygen in equilibrium with liquid oxygen, means for flowing the breathing gas mixture through the reservoir, and means for cooling the gas mixture before its entry into the reservoir. As shown, the respirator of a diver, or a unit supplying breathing gas to a number of divers in an enclosure, comprises a vessel 24 containing liquid and gaseous oxygen and maintained at a selected temperature by a liquid nitrogen jacket 28, the exhaled gas passing to the vessel 24 via one-way valves 13, 14, carbon dioxide and water removal chambers 16, 18, 36, and a heat-exchanger 26 where the exhaled gas is cooled. In the vessel 24 the exhaled gas is enriched with oxygen (aided by a wick) and it then passes to the diver &c. via the heat exchanger 26, a one way valve 12 and an outlet mechanism 10, such as a face mask. Gaseous helium may be injected into the gas circuit from a vessel 42 via a regulator 20. In order to maintain the liquid nitrogen jacket 28 at the desired temperature the apparatus may include an outlet 52 through which the nitrogen may be vapourised off from the jacket under the control of a valve 50. The outlet 52 may include a extraction pump or vacuum vessel and heat generated in the outlet may be supplied to tubing (108) in a diver's suit. The outlet valve 50 (see also Figure 7, not shown) comprises an apertured piston (136) moved into alignment with the nitrogen outlet line (97) by a temperature responsive sensor tube (63, 130) communicating with the interior of the oxygen vessel. The heat exchanger 26 may comprise (see also Figs. 5, 6, not shown) corrugated members separated by plane membranes and it is stated that those parts of the system of Figure 1 within the box 43 may be used to simulate a person's breathing and to test a further respirator, e.g. by supplying a gas mixture defincient in oxygen to the resirator. In a modified closed circuit respirator (Figure 8, not shown) for use in space by one or several persons, the nitrogen jacket 28 is unnecessary and the oxygen vessel is maintained at the required temperature by selectively by-passing a heat exchanger and refrigerator with the re-circulating exhaled gases.
GB03044/68A 1967-03-16 1968-03-18 Life support system and method Expired GB1235541A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00623616A US3807396A (en) 1967-03-16 1967-03-16 Life support system and method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1235541A true GB1235541A (en) 1971-06-16

Family

ID=24498766

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB03044/68A Expired GB1235541A (en) 1967-03-16 1968-03-18 Life support system and method
GB59096/70A Expired GB1235542A (en) 1967-03-16 1968-03-18 Heat exchanger

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB59096/70A Expired GB1235542A (en) 1967-03-16 1968-03-18 Heat exchanger

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3807396A (en)
BE (1) BE719965A (en)
CH (1) CH481655A (en)
DE (1) DE1708061A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1558745A (en)
GB (2) GB1235541A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2122094A (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-01-11 Sabre Safety Ltd Improvements to breathing apparatus
CN109717151A (en) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-07 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Drosophila space treatment experimental provision

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US3941124A (en) * 1969-01-21 1976-03-02 Rodewald Newell C Recirculating breathing apparatus and method
US3863459A (en) * 1973-11-14 1975-02-04 Us Navy Underwater heat sink
WO1987003472A1 (en) * 1985-12-07 1987-06-18 Bernd Blaudszun Process for producing a conditioned atmosphere for cryo-treatment of rheumatic patients
GB2211283B (en) * 1987-10-20 1992-04-15 Rolls Royce Plc Heat exchanger
US5029572A (en) * 1989-09-25 1991-07-09 Leblanc Tom Body warming device
US5361591A (en) * 1992-04-15 1994-11-08 Oceaneering International, Inc. Portable life support system
US5906100A (en) * 1992-10-06 1999-05-25 Oceaneering International Inc. Dewar for storing and delivering liquid cryogen
US5438837B1 (en) * 1992-10-06 1999-07-27 Oceaneering Int Inc Apparatus for storing and delivering liquid cryogen and apparatus and process for filling same
US5291738A (en) 1992-12-07 1994-03-08 Edwards Engineering Corp. Vapor recovery apparatus and method
US5429123A (en) * 1993-12-15 1995-07-04 Temple University - Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education Process control and apparatus for ventilation procedures with helium and oxygen mixtures
US5425742A (en) * 1994-03-28 1995-06-20 Patrick S. Quigley Use of hollow hypobaric chambers on body parts for increasing blood flow, reducing pressure and decreasing pain
FR2723909A1 (en) * 1994-08-26 1996-03-01 Comex Compagnie Maritime D Exp PROCESS AND INSTALLATION OF A SUBSEA DIVING IN HYDROGEN BREATHING MIXTURE
US5678536A (en) * 1995-09-05 1997-10-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Liquid air mixing system
US5979440A (en) 1997-06-16 1999-11-09 Sequal Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus to generate liquid ambulatory oxygen from an oxygen concentrator
US6390091B1 (en) * 1999-02-03 2002-05-21 University Of Florida Method and apparatus for controlling a medical ventilator
EP1229956B1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2007-01-10 Resmed Ltd. Patient-ventilator synchronization using dual phase sensors
US6910480B1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2005-06-28 Resmed Ltd. Patient-ventilator synchronization using dual phase sensors
CA2389104C (en) * 1999-10-29 2008-10-14 Mallinckrodt Inc. Portable liquid oxygen unit with multiple operational orientations
SE522896C2 (en) * 2000-02-25 2004-03-16 Bjoern Flodin Device for collecting liquid from exhaled gas from a patient
WO2001094838A1 (en) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-13 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Multiple tank cryogenic reservoir and mixed gas supplying apparatus comprising the same
US6571796B2 (en) 2001-02-08 2003-06-03 University Of Florida Tracheal pressure ventilation respiratory system
US6681589B2 (en) * 2002-02-01 2004-01-27 Honeywell International Inc. Space suit backpack using solid adsorbents for cryogenic oxygen storage, freezeout of carbon dioxide and moisture, and ice heat sink
US7497215B1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2009-03-03 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Medical ventilator with compressor heated exhalation filter
GB0300018D0 (en) * 2003-01-02 2003-02-05 Uws Ventures Ltd Gas control
US6748760B1 (en) * 2003-04-30 2004-06-15 Kuo-Chung Cheng Air conditioning apparatus of a hyperbaric oxygen chamber
US7011119B2 (en) * 2004-01-28 2006-03-14 Husky Corporation Vapor trapping and controlling container
US7213400B2 (en) * 2004-10-26 2007-05-08 Respironics In-X, Inc. Liquefying and storing a gas
WO2007026332A2 (en) * 2005-09-02 2007-03-08 Csir Storage of compressed gaseous fuel
US7568352B2 (en) * 2006-02-22 2009-08-04 The Boeing Company Thermally coupled liquid oxygen and liquid methane storage vessel
DE102006042501B4 (en) * 2006-09-07 2010-11-25 Eisenmann Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and installation for drying objects
CN102216667A (en) * 2008-09-23 2011-10-12 威罗门飞行公司 Cryogenic liquid tank
US9982935B2 (en) * 2010-10-20 2018-05-29 Hypres, Inc Cryogenic system with rapid thermal cycling
US10088398B2 (en) 2015-02-11 2018-10-02 Emd Millipore Corporation Stirred cell and method of using same
CN111603643B (en) 2015-04-02 2023-05-23 希尔-罗姆服务私人有限公司 Pressure control of breathing apparatus
USD804653S1 (en) 2015-06-12 2017-12-05 Emd Millipore Corporation Pressure vessel
IT201600098296A1 (en) * 2016-09-30 2018-03-30 Nardi Compressori Srl FURNISHED EQUIPMENT FOR THE SUPPLY OF GASEOUS BLENDS ENTRY TO A COMPRESSOR IN HIGH PRESSURE
US11123220B1 (en) 2017-11-21 2021-09-21 CryoXcel, LLC Gas delivery system for cryochamber
WO2020106264A1 (en) * 2018-11-23 2020-05-28 Dezega Holding Ukraine, Llc Insulating breather
RU2688724C1 (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-05-22 Федеральное государственное бюджетное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации (ВМедА) System for measuring body energy expenditure in extreme conditions
CN114379747B (en) * 2021-12-27 2023-05-09 上海源威建设工程有限公司 Stable ground grabber for underwater operation

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CA623816A (en) * 1961-07-11 The British Oxygen Company Limited Liquid oxygen system for passenger aircraft
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US3119238A (en) * 1963-02-18 1964-01-28 William H Chamberlain Cryogenic dewar
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US3366107A (en) * 1964-06-18 1968-01-30 Firewel Company Inc Apparatus for supplying breathable gas from oxygen in liquid form
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2122094A (en) * 1982-06-14 1984-01-11 Sabre Safety Ltd Improvements to breathing apparatus
US4586500A (en) * 1982-06-14 1986-05-06 Sabre Safety Limited Breathing apparatus
CN109717151A (en) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-07 中国科学院城市环境研究所 Drosophila space treatment experimental provision

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3807396A (en) 1974-04-30
GB1235542A (en) 1971-06-16
DE1708061A1 (en) 1971-06-03
CH481655A (en) 1969-11-30
BE719965A (en) 1969-02-26
FR1558745A (en) 1969-02-28

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