GB1225690A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- GB1225690A GB1225690A GB1225690DA GB1225690A GB 1225690 A GB1225690 A GB 1225690A GB 1225690D A GB1225690D A GB 1225690DA GB 1225690 A GB1225690 A GB 1225690A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- furnace
- oxide
- controller
- detected
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
1,225,690. Automatic control of gaseous atmospheres containing oxygen. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Sept.30, 1968 [Oct. 18, 1967], No. 46226/68. Heading G3R. The oxygen content of the atmosphere of a processing vessel 11 is detected and used to control the supply of gas to the vessel to optimise the process. In an annealing furnace Fig. 2 gas is supplied by a generator 14 and the oxygen partial pressure is detected, by a cell 15, at various points through the furnace. The output of cell 15 is applied to a controller 12 which may be a digital computer with suitable analogue/digital converters. The flow of gas to the furnace is detected and controlled by a device 16 in accordance with an output signal from the controller 12. The controller also controls the generation of gas e.g. the air/fuel mixture supplied to the generator 14 and is responsive to temperatures within the furnace. The controller maintains the oxygen partial pressure below that necessary to oxydize the metal. In an application to a reduction process Fig. 4 (not shown) in which the oxide to be reduced passes continuously through the reduction vessel and reducing gas flows in the opposite direction and is recirculated, the oxygen partial pressure is detected at the inlet and outlet of the vessel and the computer responds to the partial pressures, the temperature and also the rate at which the oxide passes through the furnace. It controls the gas supply as before, as well as the proportion of recirculated gas. In application to a sintering furnace the controller maintains the oxygen partial pressure above a value at which one oxide is produced and below a value at which a different oxide would be produced. In application to a carburizing furnace Fig. 6 (not shown) the computer controls each individual stage in production of the carburizing atmosphere. The oxygen measuring cell is of the type comprising a calcium stabilized zirconium -oxide electrolyte having electrodes attached to opposite surfaces respectively exposed to a reference gas such as air and the gas to be analysed.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US67631267A | 1967-10-18 | 1967-10-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1225690A true GB1225690A (en) | 1971-03-17 |
Family
ID=24714026
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1225690D Expired GB1225690A (en) | 1967-10-18 | 1968-09-30 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE722440A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1803211A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES359241A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1586283A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1225690A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6815000A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2259573A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-17 | Superba Sa | Measuring and regulating the air concentration in a chamber |
| BE1006007A3 (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1994-04-19 | Tong Yang Nylon Co Ltd | Process for setting the atmosphere in an oven for heat treatment. |
| EP1264914A2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-11 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | A carburising method and an apparatus therefor |
| EP1264915A2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-11 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | A carburising method and an apparatus therefor |
| WO2004080599A1 (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-09-23 | Outokumpu Technology Oy | Method for controlling oxygen when separating minerals from a slurry |
| US9194034B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2015-11-24 | Benteler Automobil Technik Gmbh | Method and apparatus for heating a pre-coated plate of steel |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4121922A (en) * | 1976-06-21 | 1978-10-24 | Fierro Esponja, S.A. | Method and apparatus for measuring percentage reduction in a metal ore reduction reactor |
| FI65806C (en) * | 1980-04-16 | 1984-07-10 | Outokumpu Oy | FOERFARANDE FOER AOTERVINNING AV BLY UR ETT BLYHALTIGT SULFIDKONCENTRAT |
| DE102014010711B4 (en) * | 2014-07-19 | 2019-08-29 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Process for the thermal treatment of zinc-containing copper alloy strips |
| CN114107881B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-07-25 | 湖南弘辉科技有限公司 | High-speed fan blade processing technology |
-
1968
- 1968-09-30 GB GB1225690D patent/GB1225690A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-10-09 FR FR1586283D patent/FR1586283A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-10-16 ES ES359241A patent/ES359241A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-10-16 DE DE19681803211 patent/DE1803211A1/en active Pending
- 1968-10-17 BE BE722440D patent/BE722440A/xx unknown
- 1968-10-18 NL NL6815000A patent/NL6815000A/xx unknown
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE1006007A3 (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1994-04-19 | Tong Yang Nylon Co Ltd | Process for setting the atmosphere in an oven for heat treatment. |
| GB2259573A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-17 | Superba Sa | Measuring and regulating the air concentration in a chamber |
| GB2259573B (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1995-05-17 | Superba Sa | Device for measuring and regulating the air concentration in a chamber |
| EP1264915A3 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2003-06-18 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | A carburising method and an apparatus therefor |
| EP1264915A2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-11 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | A carburising method and an apparatus therefor |
| EP1264914A3 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2003-06-04 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | A carburising method and an apparatus therefor |
| EP1264914A2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-12-11 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | A carburising method and an apparatus therefor |
| EP2233601A1 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2010-09-29 | Dowa Thermotech Co., Ltd. | Carburization treatment method |
| WO2004080599A1 (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-09-23 | Outokumpu Technology Oy | Method for controlling oxygen when separating minerals from a slurry |
| CN100346879C (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2007-11-07 | 奥图泰有限公司 | Method for controlling oxygen when separating minerals from a slurry |
| AU2004218947B2 (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2009-07-02 | Metso Outotec Finland Oy | Method for controlling oxygen when separating minerals from a slurry |
| US7789332B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2010-09-07 | Outotec Oyj | Method for controlling oxygen when separating minerals from a slurry |
| US9194034B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2015-11-24 | Benteler Automobil Technik Gmbh | Method and apparatus for heating a pre-coated plate of steel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1586283A (en) | 1970-02-13 |
| NL6815000A (en) | 1969-04-22 |
| DE1803211A1 (en) | 1969-06-26 |
| ES359241A1 (en) | 1970-08-16 |
| BE722440A (en) | 1969-04-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSNS | Application of which complete specification have been accepted and published, but patent is not sealed |