GB1158945A - Processing of Metals and Compositions and articles used therein - Google Patents
Processing of Metals and Compositions and articles used thereinInfo
- Publication number
- GB1158945A GB1158945A GB1025667A GB1025667A GB1158945A GB 1158945 A GB1158945 A GB 1158945A GB 1025667 A GB1025667 A GB 1025667A GB 1025667 A GB1025667 A GB 1025667A GB 1158945 A GB1158945 A GB 1158945A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- halocarbon
- scavenger
- metals
- casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
1,158,945. Casting processes. E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. 3 March, 1967 [3 March, 1966; 13 April, 1966; 23 Jan., 1967], No. 10256/67. Heading B3F. [Also in Divisions C3 and C7] The formation of oxide inclusions in metals during casting is prevented by contacting the metals with a halocarbon and a hydrogen halide scavenger comprising a metal oxide, or precursor of such oxide, in the form of particles of surface area at least 5 square metres per gram as determined by nitrogen adsorption. Halocarbon is defined to include only chlorine, fluorine, or chlorine- and fluorine-substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons and thus comprises monomeric and polymeric halogenated alkanes and alkenes. The (metal oxide) scavenger has a lower free energy of formation than the corresponding metal fluoride or chloride and thus reacts with the objectionable HF or HCl produced by the halocarbon upon decomposition to form a metal halide. The weight ratio of halocarbon to scavenger should be between 1 : 10 and 10 : 1. Specified halocarbons are: P.T.F.E., polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyhexafluoropropylene, copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene with hexafluoropropylene, 1,1 - difluoroethane, 1,1,1 - chlorodifluoroethane, 1 - fluoroethylene, 1,1 - difluoroethylene, CF 4 , fluoroform, chlorodifluoromethane, fluorodichloromethane, chlorotrifluoromethane, fluorotrichloromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, hexafluoroethane, 1- chloro - 1,1,2,2,2 - pentafluoroethane, 1,2- dichloro - 1,1,2,2 - tetrafluoroethane, CCl 4 , chloroform, 1 - fluoro - 1,2,2 - trichloroethylene, 1,1,2,2 - tetrachloro - 1,2 - difluoroethane, 1,1,1,2 - tetrachloro - 2,2 - difluoroethane, hexachloroethane and octachloropropane. Specified scavengers are the oxides of Ni, Zn, Cu, Co, Cr, Ti, Zr, Si, Cd, Th, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. Suitable oxide precursors (i.e. compounds which decompose upon heating to form oxides) are hydroxides, nitrates, carbonates, basic carbonates, acid carbonates and borates. There may also be included a flux, i.e. inorganic compound(s) which will cause the end products of the scavenging reaction to remain in liquid phase at a temperature below the melting point of the metal treated. Suitable fluxes are the alkali metal and alkaline-earth metal halides. The halocarbon and scavenger may be used separately as powders, or together as pellets, pebbles or annular rings. The latter shapes may be sintered from powder to which a binding agent such as sodium or potassium silicate or methyl cellulose is added. Alternatively, suspensions may be used which are applied to the mould walls prior to or during casting, e.g. through orifices in the top of the mould wall during continous casting. The suspension medium may be water or an organic liquid such as a lower alkane, lower alkanol, lower di-alkyl ether, cyclic ether, low alkyl alkanoate, halogenated lower alkane or alkene, or lower alkanone. The suspension may also include (a) a suspending agent, e.g. water-soluble resin (of which examples are given), alumina or bentonitic clay, (b) a wetting agent (of which examples are given), (c) an anti-foaming agent, e.g. silicone, (d) a pigment, e.g. of the quinacridone type, (e) a binding agent such as shellac, cellulose, starch, molasses or sodium silicate, to improve adherence of the suspension to the mould surface or core walls, and (f) in the case of aqueous suspensions, ethylene glycol to lower the freezing-point. In another mode of application, liquid or gaseous halocarbons are directed at the metal to be treated, the scavenger &c. being added as powder, a moulded article or as a suspension. Specified uses are in the casting of ferrous metal, copper and its alloys, brass, aluminium and its alloys, magnesium, beryllium, titanium and chromium.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US53133666A | 1966-03-03 | 1966-03-03 | |
US54220666A | 1966-04-13 | 1966-04-13 | |
US61075567A | 1967-01-23 | 1967-01-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1158945A true GB1158945A (en) | 1969-07-23 |
Family
ID=27415071
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB1025667A Expired GB1158945A (en) | 1966-03-03 | 1967-03-03 | Processing of Metals and Compositions and articles used therein |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE1558429A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1158945A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3940527A (en) | 1972-11-17 | 1976-02-24 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Friction article of fluoroelastomers with calcium oxide bonded to metal |
US4036668A (en) | 1972-11-17 | 1977-07-19 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Bonding fluoroelastomers to metal |
CN109014025A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-18 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy hot investment casting release agent and preparation method thereof |
CN114703390A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-07-05 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Refining agent and refining and purifying method of aluminum alloy cast on line by combining refining agent with argon |
-
1967
- 1967-03-03 GB GB1025667A patent/GB1158945A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-03-03 DE DE19671558429 patent/DE1558429A1/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3940527A (en) | 1972-11-17 | 1976-02-24 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Friction article of fluoroelastomers with calcium oxide bonded to metal |
US4036668A (en) | 1972-11-17 | 1977-07-19 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Bonding fluoroelastomers to metal |
CN109014025A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-18 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of beryllium alumin(i)um alloy hot investment casting release agent and preparation method thereof |
CN109014025B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2020-06-09 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Beryllium-aluminum alloy precision casting release agent and preparation method thereof |
CN114703390A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-07-05 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Refining agent and refining and purifying method of aluminum alloy cast on line by combining refining agent with argon |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1558429A1 (en) | 1970-03-19 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PS | Patent sealed | ||
PLNP | Patent lapsed through nonpayment of renewal fees |