GB1094931A - A hydrothermal process for growing crystals having the structure of beryl - Google Patents

A hydrothermal process for growing crystals having the structure of beryl

Info

Publication number
GB1094931A
GB1094931A GB6744/65A GB674465A GB1094931A GB 1094931 A GB1094931 A GB 1094931A GB 6744/65 A GB6744/65 A GB 6744/65A GB 674465 A GB674465 A GB 674465A GB 1094931 A GB1094931 A GB 1094931A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
crystal
beryl
oxide
seed crystal
seed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB6744/65A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Union Carbide Corp
Original Assignee
Union Carbide Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Carbide Corp filed Critical Union Carbide Corp
Publication of GB1094931A publication Critical patent/GB1094931A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B7/00—Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1026—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a solution or a suspension of (a) compound(s) of at least one of the alloy constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
    • C30B29/16—Oxides
    • C30B29/22—Complex oxides
    • C30B29/26—Complex oxides with formula BMe2O4, wherein B is Mg, Ni, Co, Al, Zn, or Cd and Me is Fe, Ga, Sc, Cr, Co, or Al
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
    • C30B29/34—Silicates

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

A single crystal of beryl is grown by subjecting an aqueous mixture containing Be, Al, and Si oxides, an alkali metal or ammonum halide and a seed crystal, to a temperature of at least 425 DEG C. and a pressure of at least 6000 lb./in.2 (422 kg./cm.2). The oxide sources may be: crystalline or fused quartz or porous SiO2 glass; sapphire, gibbsite, or Al(OH)3 p.p.t.d. from Al(NO3)3; and Be(OH)2 or BeO; preferably in the proportions 3BeO.Al2O3.6SiO2. The halide media may be acidic (pH from 0.2 to below 7), e.g. NaCl, NH4F or, preferably 0.1N-11NNH4Cl, adding HCl if necessary; or alkaline (pH from above 7 to 12.5), e.g. 0.01N-0.02NKF or 0.01N-0.3N(NH4F + NH4OH). The seed crystal may be natural or synthetic, e.g. cut from a previous growth, and various axial orientations are exemplified. The reaction vessel may be Ni-steel alloy and may be lined with Ag, Pt or Au. Transition metal or rare earth metal ions, e.g. Cr, Fe, Ni, Nd, may be incorporated into the crystal by adding the appropriate oxide, hydroxide, nitrate, chloride, or sulphate to the reaction mixture, in amounts of 0.01-11 weight per cent based on the theoretical weight of beryl, to give a final content of 0.005-8 per cent by weight of the crystal. The material of an unlined vessel may also supply ions (e.g. Fe + Ni). The lower part of the reaction vessel, containing Be and Al oxides, may be maintained 10-100 DEG C. higher than the upper part, in which the SiO2 is suspended (e.g. by wire or baskets), with the seed suspended in the middle. Alternate layers of oxide mixture and seed crystal may be arranged. Temperatures up to 800 DEG C. and pressures up to 30,000 lb./in.2 are referred to.
GB6744/65A 1964-02-18 1965-02-17 A hydrothermal process for growing crystals having the structure of beryl Expired GB1094931A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US34556264A 1964-02-18 1964-02-18
US34560564A 1964-02-18 1964-02-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1094931A true GB1094931A (en) 1967-12-13

Family

ID=26994450

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB6744/65A Expired GB1094931A (en) 1964-02-18 1965-02-17 A hydrothermal process for growing crystals having the structure of beryl

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AT (1) AT254824B (en)
CH (1) CH439231A (en)
DE (1) DE1592181B2 (en)
GB (1) GB1094931A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH439231A (en) 1967-07-15
DE1592181A1 (en) 1970-02-26
DE1592181B2 (en) 1970-11-05
AT254824B (en) 1967-06-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Brooks et al. Calcium carbonate and its hydrates
Green Garnet in silicic liquids and its possible use as a PT indicator
Roy et al. Investigations under hydrothermal conditions
Laudise Hydrothermal synthesis of single crystals
GarcÍa-Ruiz Inorganic self-organisation in precambrian cherts
US2879154A (en) Acicular metal particles and method of making the same
Wendlandt The thermal decomposition of yttrium and the rare earth metal sulphate hydrates
Malone et al. Microbial carbonate and phosphate precipitates from sea water cultures
Chopin Phase relationships of ellenbergerite, a new high-pressure Mg-Al-Ti-silicate in pyrope-coesite-quartzite from the Western Alps
GB1094931A (en) A hydrothermal process for growing crystals having the structure of beryl
GB1096584A (en) Improvements in or relating to a method of growing oxide crystals
GB1061831A (en) Hydrothermal growth of zinc oxide crystals
Ballman The growth and properties of colored quartz
US3875296A (en) Method of preparing metal oxide fibers
Sturt Exsolution during metamorphism with particular reference to feldspar solid solutions
US3567643A (en) Hydrothermal process for growing crystals having the structure of beryl in an acid halide medium
Jones Origin of albite porphyroblasts in rocks of the Ben More—Am-Binnein area, Western Perthshire, Scotland
Freund et al. Recrystallization effect during the dehydration of magnesium hydroxide
ES388402A1 (en) Process for the large scale production of magnesium oxide of high purity
GB1109688A (en) Nickel oxide and the production thereof
US3567642A (en) Hydrothermal process for growing crystals having the structure of beryl in an alkaline halide medium
GB965345A (en) Improvements in or relating to quartz crystals
US3723337A (en) Hydrothermal process for growing crystals having the structure of beryl in highly acid chloride medium
Storey et al. Experimental petrology of sample 77135
GB1115386A (en) Refractory magnesia