FR3133651A1 - CYLINDER AND DOOR FORCE OPENING DEVICE USING SUCH A CYLINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

Title of the invention: CYLINDER AND DOOR FORCE OPENING DEVICE USING SUCH A CYLINDER The invention relates to a cylinder (V) comprising a body (100), a rod (200) and at least one piston (300) fixed to the rod, the piston (300) and the associated rod (200) moving in the chamber at least in one direction under the action of a fluid passing through an internal conduit provided in the rod (200), remarkable in this that the so-called off-axis internal conduit (230) is formed in the rod (200) and the rod (200) is provided on its lateral exterior surface with a transverse notch (250) whose depth is defined so as to meet said conduit ( 230) said to be offset so that said conduit (230) said to be offset opens laterally out of the rod (200). The invention also relates to a door force opening device using such a cylinder. Figure for abstract: Fig. 1

Description

CYLINDER AND DOOR FORCE OPENING DEVICE USING SUCH A CYLINDER

FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of cylinders whose fluid supply is carried out by exploiting at least one channel provided in the rod and in particular to the characteristics allowing this supply to be implemented in the best conditions.

DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

The cylinders are powered by their rod.

For example, document DE3637823 describes a pneumatic cylinder with a rod linked to a piston separating a chamber into a pushing side and a pulling side. The cylinder rod is provided with two hollow conduits communicating respectively with the pushing side and the pulling side. The supply of oil mist to the outer end of the rod at which the hollow conduits open makes it possible to control the exit and reentry of the rod.

It appears in the proposed configuration that the communication between the hollow conduits and the pulling and pushing sides of the chamber is implemented by a radial drilling. Such a solution is complex and requires knowing where the hollow conduit is positioned. It is the same with the communication between the hollow conduits and the exterior for the exterior end of the rod. In addition, the piston and the rod form a single part which makes this solution difficult to adapt. We also understand that these disadvantages are multiplied when considering a tandem or stage configuration for the cylinder.

Document US3554088 describes a fastener installation device equipped with an actuator adopting a tandem configuration with a complex design with a rod in several sections crossed by a single axial and central conduit with which radial drillings communicate for the purpose of circulation of fluid from the chamber to the stem and vice versa.

The connection between the piston and the rod requires the sections to be screwed together. In addition, the design requires a multiplication of pistons guaranteeing, by their spacing, the free passage into the chamber of the fluid emerging from the radial holes of the rod.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The applicants have carried out research aimed at proposing a cylinder with a power supply using at least one channel provided in the rod, both more compact and more powerful than those proposed in the state of the art. The adaptability of such a design to a tandem or stepped cylinder configuration was studied. In addition, simplicity of manufacturing was sought.

This research led to the design and manufacture of a new cylinder making it possible to provide solutions to the disadvantages of prior art cylinders.

According to the invention, this cylinder comprises a body, a rod and at least one piston fixed to the rod, the piston the piston having two lateral faces and separating into two volumes a chamber formed in the body, the piston and the associated rod are moving in the chamber at least in one direction under the action of a fluid passing through an internal conduit provided in the rod.

This cylinder is remarkable in that the so-called off-axis internal conduit is provided in the rod with a conduit axis parallel to and at a distance from the axis of the rod, and the rod is provided on its lateral exterior surface with a transverse notch the depth of which is defined so as to meet said so-called off-axis conduit so that said off-axis conduit opens laterally out of the rod.

This feature is particularly advantageous in that it facilitates access to the exterior of the conduit. It is no longer necessary to drill the rod radially to meet the conduit nor to know precisely the angular position of the off-axis conduit to ensure that the drilling meets it.

The inner conduit, called the off-axis conduit, is made in the rod near its exterior surface so that the notch is not too deep and does not weaken the rod.

According to another particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, said transverse notch is made on a cylindrical portion of rod contiguous to the piston so that the notch adopts a profile, part of which is formed by the surface of the piston and whose other part is formed by the surface of the rod.

. Thus, the notch is made on a part already preformed to cooperate with the piston, which makes it more easily achievable.

According to another embodiment, said transverse notch is formed by an annular groove or by a shoulder disposed at one end of the rod. This feature is only possible if the groove does not weaken the rod.

According to another particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, the rod is provided with a second internal conduit coaxial with the axis of the rod. This second conduit makes it possible to envisage a double-effect configuration implemented by two interior conduits provided in the rod: an offset conduit and an axial conduit.

A configuration for which the invention is particularly advantageous concerns a tandem or stepped cylinder configuration. This configuration makes it possible to multiply the power of the actuator by multiplying the surfaces on which the fluid is in contact. Thus, according to another particularly advantageous characteristic, the cylinder comprises a plurality of pistons and the rod is broken down into several rod sections screwed together.

In addition, the body is broken down into several cylindrical body sections each defining a chamber in which a piston moves, the ends of the cylindrical body sections being closed by screwed flanges.

According to another particularly advantageous characteristic, at least one piston is provided with an internal piston conduit arranged parallel to its axis and coming into correspondence with the offset internal conduit of the rod section on which it is received so that the offset internal conduit emerges on the other side of the piston. This characteristic allows the fluid to reach the other side of the piston at the level of the notch described above and vice versa, that is to say from the chamber located on one side of the piston towards the offset internal conduit .

It allows the chambers on the same side to communicate with each other (push or pull), which makes it possible to simplify the single-acting or double-acting power supply of a multi-stage cylinder such as that of the invention.

According to another particularly advantageous characteristic, at least one section of rod is provided at one end with a cylindrical portion of section of rod onto which is slipped a piston provided with an axial bore for this purpose, this cylindrical portion of section of rod rod accommodating a piston is provided with a transverse orifice making the second axial conduit communicate with the exterior of the rod in said bore of the piston and the piston being provided with a transverse passage coming into correspondence with the transverse orifice and opening onto one of the side faces of the piston.

By once again preforming the piston, this solution makes it possible to direct the fluid emerging from the axial conduit towards the outside.

According to a preferred embodiment, relative to the direction of advancement of the rod, the transverse passage of the piston opens onto the lateral face corresponding to the thrust side of the cylinder.

According to another particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, the rod sections are screwed together so that the axial internal conduits with which they are provided when they are equipped communicate.

With a notch allowing the off-axis conduit to emerge near the front face of the piston, the preformation of the rod sections and the pistons makes it possible to communicate all of the thrust sides and all of the draw sides of each chamber independently . The implementation of a double-acting multi-stage cylinder becomes possible and is particularly compact since only one power supply for each stroke is necessary.

Thus, according to another particularly advantageous characteristic of the invention, one of the flanges arranged between two body sections is provided with a supply conduit for the draw side of a chamber and a supply conduit for the thrust side of the adjacent chamber.

In order to match the orifices in the piston with those of the rod, the cylinder advantageously comprises a centering pin positioned parallel to the axis of the rod between a portion of the rod and the piston in order to angularly orient the position of the piston around the axis of the rod.

This angular orientation guarantees the matching of the orifices and passages made in the piston with the opening parts of the conduits made in the rod.

According to a preferred embodiment, the portion of rod onto which the piston fits has an internal diameter of that of the rest of the rod or section of rod so as to form a shoulder on which the piston rests. It is on the transverse surface of this shoulder that the centering pin is placed and that the offset internal conduit opens.

The power and compactness of such a cylinder are particularly useful in the context of a door force opening application where the cylinder must be powerful, compact and consume little fluid. In addition, the multi-stage design encourages the multiplication of identical parts, reducing the production cost.

Thus, another object of the invention relates to a device for forcefully opening doors, windows and other openings, having an opening part and a fixed frame, comprising:

- a frame extendable in length and having two ends and formed of at least two sliding sheaths, an interior sheath and an exterior sheath allowing said ends to be moved apart or brought together, to be able to adapt to the width of the fixed frame on which he moved,

– at least one sinking corner at each end of the frame intended to rest on the chassis, said corners being likely to move towards or away from each other due to sliding,

– a first cylinder carrying out the motorized movement of the sliding sleeves and therefore from one corner relative to the other, and subjecting the chassis to a constraint at the level of the supports between said corners and the chassis, said first cylinder having a body housed in one of the sheaths and a free end of the rod cooperating punctually with the other sheath, the starting point of its stroke being defined by a first manual sliding between the two sheaths. This device is remarkable in that the first cylinder takes up all or part of the characteristics of the tandem or stage cylinder described above.

The fundamental concepts of the invention having just been explained above in their most basic form, other details and characteristics will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows and with reference to the appended drawings, giving as non-limiting examples of embodiments of a cylinder according to the invention.

is a schematic drawing of a side sectional view of an embodiment of a double-acting cylinder according to the invention;

is a schematic drawing of a sectional side view of an embodiment of a double-acting stage cylinder according to the invention;

is a schematic drawing of a side view of the rod and piston assembly of the cylinder of the ;

is a schematic drawing of a side view of a section of rod;

is a schematic drawing of a right-hand view of the rod section of the ;

is a schematic drawing of a left view of the rod section of the ;

is a schematic drawing of a side view of a piston;

is a schematic drawing of a view of the front face of the piston of the ;

is a schematic drawing of a view of the rear face of the piston of the ;

is a schematic drawing of a sectional side view of a preformed flange of supply conduits;

is a schematic drawing of a view of the rear face of the flange of the .

is a schematic drawing of an embodiment of a device for forcefully opening doors, windows and other openings, having an opening part and a fixed frame.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As illustrated by the , the cylinder referenced V as a whole is a double-acting cylinder comprising a body 100, a rod 200 and a piston 300.

To facilitate reading of the drawings and understanding of the invention, we consider the front of the cylinder as the rod exit side and the rear the side without rod exit. Pushing involves moving the rod forward and retraction or retraction is translation in the opposite direction.

The piston 300 is screwed to the inner end 210 of the rod 200.

The body 100 is formed by a tube 110, the two ends of which are closed by a flange 410 and 420. Seals contribute to the sealing of the connection between the tube and the flanges. The front flange 420 is provided with an axial bore through which the rod 200 passes. The hollow volume defined by the tube 110 and closed by the flanges constitutes the chamber 500 of the cylinder V1.

The piston 300 comprises two lateral faces and separates the chamber 500 into two volumes: A volume or thrust side 510 into which the fluid is introduced for the purpose of exiting the rod 200 and a volume or withdrawal or drawing side 520 in which the fluid is introduced for the purpose of re-entry of the rod 200. The piston 300 is equipped on its periphery with a seal to ensure sealing between the volumes.

The functional fluid supply and/or distribution module is not shown.

According to a preferred but non-limiting embodiment, the fluid is compressed air.

In accordance with the invention, the supply, that is to say the entry and exit of the fluid from the two volumes 510 and 520, is carried out by the rod 200.

To this end, the rod 200 is provided with two interior conduits 230 and 240. These conduits make it possible to communicate the exterior of the cylinder V with the two volumes 510 and 520

A first interior conduit 230 has an axis parallel to the axis of the rod 200 and is offset by being produced in the rod 200 near its exterior cylindrical surface.

The second interior conduit 240 is coaxial with the rod 200.

The first off-axis conduit 230 opens flush with the transverse flat surface of the outer end 220 of the rod 200 and communicates with the volume corresponding to the withdrawal side 520.

To do this, a transverse notch 250 is provided on the exterior surface of the rod 200 with a depth allowing it to meet said off-axis conduit 230 so that said off-axis conduit 230 opens out of the rod 230 into the withdrawal side 520 of the room 500.

The conduit 230 is therefore here a blind hole whose non-opening end communicates with the exterior of the rod 200 by means of a sufficiently deep transverse notch 250.

As illustrated, said notch 250 is made on a cylindrical portion of rod 200 adjoining the cylindrical portion 211 onto which the piston 300 is screwed and therefore opens into the volume 520. This positioning allows the fluid to circulate even when the piston 300 is at the end rod output stroke.

The second internal conduit 240 is coaxial and opens flush with the transverse flat surface of the outer end 220 of the rod 200. It communicates with the volume corresponding to the thrust side 510. To do this, it opens flush with the surface transverse plane of the inner end 210 of the rod 200. As the piston 300 is provided with a threaded axial bore through for its attachment to the rod 200, the conduit 240 opens into the volume 510.

This V cylinder makes it possible to implement the functionalities of a double-acting cylinder by keeping a compact body without protrusion due to the supply by the rod while providing for a simpler rod production by avoiding the production of radial bores to allow the interior ducts to communicate with the two volumes of the room.

Figures 2 to 13 illustrate an embodiment for a so-called tandem or stage configuration.

As illustrated by the , the cylinder referenced V' as a whole is a double-acting cylinder comprising a body 100', a rod 200' and a plurality of pistons 300a', 300b', 300c' and 300d'.

The body 100’ is formed by a plurality of cylindrical sections of bodies or tubes 110a’, 110b’, 110c’, 110d’. The two ends of each tube are closed by screwed flanges 410', 420', 430', 440', 450' which are shared between two tubes (for the flanges 420', 430' and 440') when they are adjacent . Seals contribute to the sealing of the connection between the tube and the flanges.

The 450' front flange has an axial bore equipped with seals and through which the 200' rod passes. The hollow volume defined by the different tubes 110 and closed by the flanges constitutes the four chambers 500a’, 500b’, 500c’, 500d’ of cylinder V’. Each chamber accommodates a 300a’, 300b’, 300c’ and 300d’ piston.

In addition, the rod 200' is broken down into a plurality of sections of rods screwed together 200a', 200b', 200c', 200d'.

The pistons are fixed by clamping between the sections of the rod 200' or by direct screwing on the section of rod 200a' for the rear piston 300a' as proposed for the cylinder V described above.

The V’ cylinder is illustrated at the end of the withdrawal stroke.

The piston separates the chamber in which it moves into two volumes:

A thrust volume or side into which the fluid is introduced for the purpose of exiting the rod 200' and a withdrawal or drawing volume or side into which the fluid is introduced for the purpose of reentry of the rod 200'. The pistons are equipped on their periphery with a seal to ensure sealing between the volumes.

The functional fluid supply and/or distribution module is not shown. Here too, according to a preferred but non-limiting embodiment, the fluid is compressed air.

In accordance with the invention, the supply, that is to say the entry and exit of the fluid from the two volumes in each chamber, is carried out from the single intermediate flange 420' and by conduits arranged in the sections of rod 200a', 200b' and 200c'.

As illustrated in more detail by , only the rod sections 200a', 200b' and 200c' are provided with internal conduits. The rod section 200d' is not fitted with internal conduits because the fluids come from the section 200c' disposed upstream and one end of the conduits opens into the chamber 500d'.

To this end, the rod 200’ is provided with two interior conduits 230’ and 240’. These conduits make it possible to communicate the thrust volumes with each other and the withdrawal volumes with each other.

These conduits cooperate with orifices or passages made in the pistons and which pass the fluid along the conduit to one side or the other of the piston and therefore into the thrust volume or into the withdrawal volume.

This relationship appears for the 300b’, 300c’ and 300d’ pistons.

It is explained in more detail with reference to Figures 4 to 9 which illustrate the rod section 200a’ and the piston 300b’ which is threaded once mounted on the front end of the latter. The piston 300a' is positioned on the rear end by axial screwing and is not provided with any passage or orifice.

As illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, the rod section 200a' is provided with a first internal conduit 230a' which has an axis parallel to the axis of the rod section 200a' and is offset by being produced in the section 200a 'near its exterior surface.

The second interior conduit 240a’ is coaxial with the rod section 200a’.

The first conduit 230a' opens flush with the transverse flat surface formed by a shoulder at the front end 220a' of the rod section and communicates with the volume corresponding to the withdrawal side of the chamber 500a'.

To do this, a transverse notch 250a' is provided on the exterior surface of the rod section 200a' with a depth enabling it to meet said off-axis conduit 230a' so that said off-axis conduit 230a' opens out of the rear end 210a' of the rod section 200a' despite the presence of the piston 300a' fitting into it.

According to the illustrated embodiment, the notch 250a' opens both on the cylindrical surface and on the flat surface of the shoulder formed on the rear end 210a' and on which the piston 300a' comes to rest.

The conduit 230a' is therefore not a blind hole here but a hole opening at both ends. The notch 250a' allows unblocking earlier so that the presence of the piston 300a' does not hinder the flow of the fluid.

The positioning of the notch close to the front side face of the piston allows the fluid to circulate even when the piston 300a' is at the end of the rod exit stroke.

The second internal conduit 240a’ is coaxial and opens flush with the transverse flat surface of the two ends 210a’ and 220a’. It communicates with the volume corresponding to the thrust side. As the piston 300a' is provided with a threaded axial bore through for its attachment to the end 210a', the conduit 240a' opens well to the rear into the thrust volume.

The front end 220a' of the rod is preformed with a shoulder defined by a coaxial cylindrical projection of smaller diameter and the distal end of which is threaded. An orifice 221a' is made by radial drilling in the non-threaded part so as to make the conduit 240a' (which also opens axially) communicate radially with the exterior of the rod section 200a' at the level of the non-threaded part of the cylindrical projection. The rear end of the rod section 200b' is screwed onto this threaded end 220a' and clamps the piston 300b' against the front end 200a' of the section 200a'.

The flat surface defined by the preformed shoulder in the end 220a' is further preformed with a blind hole 222a' accommodating a centering pin whose function is explained below.

Indeed, in order to allow the conduits of the rod section to communicate with the volumes of the adjacent chamber, the piston is itself preformed with orifices and passages coming into cooperation with the ends of these conduits.

In addition to its central bore allowing it to fit onto the cylindrical projection of the end 220a' of the rod section 200a'. The piston 300b' is thus provided with an off-axis internal piston conduit 310b' arranged parallel to its axis and causing the off-axis internal conduit 230a' of the rod section 200a' on which it is received to communicate with the exterior of the piston 300a', that is to say it opens onto the opposite side face, here the front face . Communication with the withdrawal volume of chamber 500b’ is ensured. To optimize it in particular when the piston is at the end of its stroke and the front side face is resting on the corresponding flange, the internal conduit 310b' does not open onto the surface of the side face but into a radial groove 311b'.

The piston 300b' is further provided with a passage 320b' coming into correspondence with the transverse orifice 221a' provided in the end 220a' of the rod section 200a' and opening onto one of the lateral faces of the piston here the rear face . Communication with the thrust volume of chamber 500b’ is ensured. In order to optimize it, the orifice 221a' is provided near the shoulder and this passage 320b' consists of a radial groove.

We understand that the orifices of the piston and the conduits of the rod section must be matched to make the same volumes of the different chambers communicate with each other. The pistons 300b', 300c' and 300d' on their respective rod section must therefore be oriented angularly around the axis of the rod section.

Thus, the rear face of the piston 300b' is preformed with a blind hole 330b' accommodating a centering pin 331b' (cf. ).

The conduits of the rod sections and the orifices in the pistons are made in such a way that once the centering pin 331b' is positioned in the blind holes 222a' and 330b', they communicate.

Seals ensure the watertightness of these communications.

The rod sections are screwed together so that the axial internal conduits in which they are provided when equipped, communicate and form the conduit 240'.

As illustrated in Figures 2, 10 and 11, one of the flanges arranged between two body sections, namely the flange 420 'is provided with a supply conduit 421' for the side or volume of drawing or withdrawal of a chamber here chamber 500a' and a supply conduit 422' for the thrust side of the adjacent chamber here chamber 500b'. Due to the fact that the rod sections are fitted with through-opening internal conduits, only one flange of this type is necessary. These hollow flange conduits are made up of two parts:

– a radial part equipped with a thread starting from the outside of the flange, and

– a part parallel to the axis of the cylinder opening into the chambers.

The screwed connection between the body sections and this 420' flange leaves the possibility for the conduits 421' and 422' to lead to the outside.

The other flasks are more classic.

According to a preferred embodiment, all the parts with the exception of the joints are made of aluminum preferably according to grade 7075.

There illustrates a device for forcefully opening doors, windows and other openings, having an opening part and a fixed frame. This device referenced D as a whole includes:
- a frame 600 extendable in length (according to the double arrow F1) and having two ends and formed of at least two sliding sheaths 610, 620, an inner sheath and an outer sheath allowing said ends to be moved apart or brought together, for be able to adapt to the width of the fixed chassis (not illustrated) on which it is installed,
– at least one sinking corner 612, 622 at each end of the frame intended to rest on the chassis, said corners being capable of moving towards or away from each other due to sliding,
– a V' type cylinder housed in the sleeves and carrying out the motorized movement of the sliding sleeves and therefore from one corner relative to the other, and subjecting the chassis to a constraint at the level of the supports between said corners and the chassis, said cylinder not appearing because having its body housed in one of the sheaths and a free end of the rod cooperating punctually with the other sheath, the starting point of its stroke being defined by a first manual sliding between the two sheaths,
a second thrust cylinder 700 placed substantially perpendicular to the frame 600 and bearing on the latter to push against the opening part.

We understand that the cylinders and the device which have just been described and represented above, have been done with a view to disclosure rather than limitation. Of course, various adjustments, modifications and improvements could be made to the examples presented, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Thus, for example, although the use of compressed air is preferred, the use of another fluid such as a hydraulic fluid can be considered.

Claims (12)

Cylinder (V) comprising a body (100), a rod (200) and at least one piston (300) fixed to the rod, the piston comprising two lateral faces and separating into two volumes a chamber provided in the body with one side of drawing and a pushing side, the piston (300) and the associated rod (200) moving in the chamber at least in one direction under the action of a fluid passing through an internal conduit provided in the rod (200), CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the so-called off-axis inner conduit (230) is provided in the rod (200) with a conduit axis parallel to and at a distance from the axis of the rod (200), and the rod (200) is provided on its lateral exterior surface of a transverse notch (250) whose depth is defined so as to meet said conduit (230) said to be offset so that said conduit (230) said to be offset opens laterally out of the rod (200). Cylinder (V) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT said transverse notch (250) is made on a cylindrical portion of rod contiguous to the piston (300) so that the notch (250) adopts a profile of which one part is formed by the surface of the piston (300) and the other part of which is formed by the surface of the rod (200). Cylinder (V) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the rod (200) is provided with a second internal conduit (240) coaxial with the axis of the rod (200). Cylinder (V') according to any one of claims 1 to 3, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it comprises a plurality of pistons (300a', 300b', 300c', 300d') and the rod is broken down into several sections of rod (200a', 200b', 200c', 200d') screwed together. Cylinder (V') according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the body (100') is broken down into several cylindrical body sections (110a', 110b', 110c', 110d') each defining a chamber in which moves a piston (300a', 300b', 300c', 300d'), the ends of the cylindrical body sections being closed by screwed flanges. Cylinder (V') according to claims 4 or 5, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT at least one piston (300b') is provided with an internal piston conduit (310b') arranged parallel to its axis and coming into correspondence with the offset inner conduit (230a') of the rod section (200a') on which it is received so that the offset inner conduit (230a') opens onto the other side of the piston (300b'). Cylinder (V') according to claim 3 and any one of claims 4 to 6, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT at least one section of rod (200a') is provided at one end with a cylindrical portion (220a') section of rod on which a piston (300b') is fitted with an axial bore for this purpose, this cylindrical portion (220a') of section of rod accommodating a piston is provided with a transverse orifice (221a') causing the second coaxial conduit (240a') to communicate with the exterior of the rod in said bore of the piston (300b') and the piston (300b') being provided with a transverse passage (320b') coming into correspondence with the transverse orifice (221a') and opening onto one of the side faces of the piston (300b'). Cylinder (V') according to claim 6 or 7, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it comprises a centering pin (331b') positioned parallel to the axis of the rod between a portion of the rod and the piston in order to angularly orient the position of the piston around the axis of the rod. Cylinder (V') according to claim 7, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the transverse passage (320b') of the piston (300b') opens onto the lateral face corresponding to the thrust side of the cylinder. Cylinder (V') according to any one of claims 4 to 9, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the rod sections (200a', 200b', 200c', 200d') are screwed together so that the axial internal conduits of which they are spared when they are equipped with it, communicate. Cylinder (V') according to any one of claims 4 to 10, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT one of the flanges (420') arranged between two body sections is provided with a supply conduit (421') for the pull side of a chamber (500a') and a supply conduit (422') for the push side of the adjacent chamber (500b'). Device (D) for forcefully opening doors, windows and other openings, having an opening part and a fixed frame, comprising:
- a frame (600) extendable in length and having two ends and formed of at least two sliding sheaths, an interior sheath and an exterior sheath allowing said ends to be moved apart or brought together, to be able to adapt to the width of the chassis fixed on which it is installed,
– at least one sinking corner (612, 622) at each end of the frame intended to rest on the chassis, said corners being capable of moving towards or away from each other due to sliding,
– a first cylinder (V') carrying out the motorized movement of the sliding sleeves and therefore from one corner relative to the other, and subjecting the chassis to a constraint at the level of the supports between said corners and the chassis, said first cylinder having a body housed in one of the sheaths and a free end of the rod cooperating punctually with the other sheath, the starting point of its stroke being defined by a first manual sliding between the two sheaths, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the first cylinder (V ') is as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 11.