FR3129608A1 - REFORMER STRUCTURE - Google Patents
REFORMER STRUCTURE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3129608A1 FR3129608A1 FR2112712A FR2112712A FR3129608A1 FR 3129608 A1 FR3129608 A1 FR 3129608A1 FR 2112712 A FR2112712 A FR 2112712A FR 2112712 A FR2112712 A FR 2112712A FR 3129608 A1 FR3129608 A1 FR 3129608A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- pressure vessel
- catalytic
- reformer
- heating means
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/001—Controlling catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/025—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical in a cylindrical shaped bed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00327—Controlling the temperature by direct heat exchange
- B01J2208/00336—Controlling the temperature by direct heat exchange adding a temperature modifying medium to the reactants
- B01J2208/00353—Non-cryogenic fluids
- B01J2208/00371—Non-cryogenic fluids gaseous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2208/00407—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements outside the reactor bed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
- B01J2208/00884—Means for supporting the bed of particles, e.g. grids, bars, perforated plates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
TITRE : STRUCTURE DE REFORMEUR Cette structure de reformeur, du type comportant une enceinte sous pression (2) dans laquelle sont prévues au moins deux zones dont l’une comporte des moyens catalytiques (3) et dont l’autre (4) comporte des moyens de chauffage (8) de ceux-ci, est caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte en outre des moyens pilotables (5) de raccordement de la zone contenant les moyens de chauffage (8) à la zone contenant les moyens catalytiques (3), pour établir entre ces zones une recirculation naturelle afin d’optimiser le fonctionnement de cette structure notamment lors de son démarrage. Figure pour l'abrégé : Figure 1TITLE: REFORMER STRUCTURE This reformer structure, of the type comprising a pressure vessel (2) in which at least two zones are provided, one of which comprises catalytic means (3) and the other of which (4) comprises means (8) thereof, is characterized in that it further comprises controllable means (5) for connecting the zone containing the heating means (8) to the zone containing the catalytic means (3), to establish between these zones a natural recirculation in order to optimize the operation of this structure, in particular during its start-up. Figure for the abstract: Figure 1
Description
La présente invention concerne une structure de reformeur.The present invention relates to a reformer structure.
Un tel reformeur sert, par exemple, à transformer du carburant en mélange de gaz contenant de l’hydrogène.Such a reformer is used, for example, to transform fuel into a gas mixture containing hydrogen.
Une telle structure comporte, de façon générale, une enceinte sous pression dans laquelle sont prévues au moins deux zones, dont l’une comporte des moyens catalytiques et dont l’autre comporte des moyens de chauffage de ceux-ci.Such a structure generally comprises a pressure vessel in which at least two zones are provided, one of which comprises catalytic means and the other of which comprises means for heating them.
En effet, pour démarrer, un tel reformeur doit être porté à une température de 250°C à 400°C.Indeed, to start, such a reformer must be brought to a temperature of 250°C to 400°C.
En particulier, la zone catalytique doit être portée au-dessus de 350°C.In particular, the catalytic zone must be brought above 350°C.
Les solutions les plus classiques pour atteindre de telles températures sont une chauffe :The most classic solutions for reaching such temperatures are heating:
- Par apport de gaz chaud en entrée qui traverse alors la zone catalytique réactionnelle avant de ressortir en transmettre son énergie par convection ;By supplying hot gas at the inlet which then passes through the catalytic reaction zone before emerging from it to transmit its energy by convection;
- Par utilisation de moyens de chauffe électriques, c’est-à-dire par exemple, de traceurs électriques, positionnés à l’extérieur des enceintes et qui chauffent par conduction à travers les parois métalliques, les éléments constitutifs de la zone catalytique ;By using electric heating means, that is to say, for example, electric tracers, positioned outside the enclosures and which heat by conduction through the metal walls, the constituent elements of the catalytic zone;
- Par chauffe directe de viroles des enceintes en faisant passer à l’intérieur de ces viroles un courant électrique (effet joule). La chauffe de la zone catalytique réactionnelle est ensuite assurée par conduction.By direct heating of enclosure shells by passing an electric current inside these shells (Joule effect). The heating of the catalytic reaction zone is then ensured by conduction.
Mais ces structures de l’état de la technique présentent un certain nombre d’inconvénients, notamment au niveau de leur encombrement, du temps de démarrage requis et de la consommation électrique relativement élevée des moyens de chauffage embarqués.However, these state-of-the-art structures have a certain number of drawbacks, in particular in terms of their size, the start-up time required and the relatively high electrical consumption of the on-board heating means.
Le but de l’invention est donc de résoudre ces problèmes.The object of the invention is therefore to solve these problems.
A cet effet, l’invention a pour objet une structure de reformeur, du type comportant une enceinte sous pression dans laquelle sont prévues au moins deux zones dont l’une comporte des moyens catalytiques et dont l’autre comporte des moyens de chauffage de ceux-ci , caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte en outre des moyens pilotables de raccordement de la zone contenant les moyens de chauffage à la zone contenant les moyens catalytiques, pour établir entre ces zones une recirculation naturelle afin d’optimiser le fonctionnement de cette structure notamment lors de son démarrage.To this end, the subject of the invention is a reformer structure, of the type comprising a pressure vessel in which are provided at least two zones, one of which comprises catalytic means and the other of which comprises means for heating those -ci, characterized in that it further comprises controllable means for connecting the zone containing the heating means to the zone containing the catalytic means, to establish between these zones a natural recirculation in order to optimize the operation of this structure especially during startup.
Suivant d’autres caractéristiques de la structure selon l’invention, prises seules ou en combinaison :According to other characteristics of the structure according to the invention, taken alone or in combination:
- les moyens de raccordement comprennent des conduits traversant la paroi de l’enceinte sous pression et munis des moyens à vanne pilotables à l’ouverture et à la fermeture ;the connection means comprise ducts passing through the wall of the pressure vessel and provided with valve means that can be controlled on opening and closing;
- les moyens à vanne sont prévus sur une portion des conduits à l’extérieur de l’enceinte sous pression ;the valve means are provided on a portion of the conduits outside the pressure vessel;
- les moyens de chauffage comprennent des moyens de chauffage électrique ;the heating means comprise electric heating means;
- les moyens de chauffage sont associés à une paroi interne de l’enceinte sous pression ;the heating means are associated with an internal wall of the pressure vessel;
- la paroi interne s’étend autour des moyens catalytiques.the internal wall extends around the catalytic means.
L’invention sera mieux comprise à l’aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d’exemple et faite en se référant au dessin annexé sur lequel :The invention will be better understood using the following description, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the attached drawing in which:
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Cette structure de reformeur est désignée par la référence générale 1 sur cette figure.This reformer structure is designated by the general reference 1 in this figure.
Celle-ci comporte, de façon classique, une enceinte sous pression désignée par la référence générale 2, et dans laquelle sont prévues au moins deux zones, dont l’une comporte des moyens catalytiques désignés par la référence générale 3 sur cette figure, et dont l’autre comporte des moyens de chauffage de ceux-ci et est désignée par la référence générale 4.This comprises, in a conventional manner, a pressure vessel designated by the general reference 2, and in which are provided at least two zones, one of which comprises catalytic means designated by the general reference 3 in this figure, and of which the other comprises means for heating them and is designated by the general reference 4.
Comme cela est illustré, cette structure de reformeur comporte, en outre, des moyens pilotables de raccordement de la zone contenant les moyens de chauffage à la zone contenant les moyens catalytiques pour établir entre ces zones une recirculation naturelle de gaz afin d’optimiser le fonctionnement de cette structure, notamment lors de son démarrage.As illustrated, this reformer structure further comprises controllable means for connecting the zone containing the heating means to the zone containing the catalytic means to establish between these zones a natural recirculation of gas in order to optimize operation. of this structure, particularly during its start-up.
Ces moyens de raccordement sont désignés par la référence générale 5 sur cette figure et ceux-ci comportent notamment des conduits traversant la paroi de l’enceinte sous pression 2, l’un de ces conduits étant désigné, par exemple, par la référence générale 6 sur cette figure.These connection means are designated by the general reference 5 in this figure and these comprise in particular conduits passing through the wall of the pressure vessel 2, one of these conduits being designated, for example, by the general reference 6 in this figure.
Ces conduits sont munis de moyens à vanne pilotables à l’ouverture et à la fermeture pour établir ou non la recirculation.These ducts are equipped with valve means that can be controlled on opening and closing to establish recirculation or not.
Une vanne est désignée par la référence générale 7 sur cette figure.A valve is designated by the general reference 7 in this figure.
En fait, les moyens à vanne sont, par exemple, prévus sur une portion des conduits 6 à l’extérieur de l’enceinte sous pression 2.In fact, the valve means are, for example, provided on a portion of the conduits 6 outside the pressure vessel 2.
Les moyens de chauffage comprennent quant à eux, par exemple, des moyens de chauffage électriques tels que des traceurs désignés par la référence générale 8 sur cette figure.The heating means for their part comprise, for example, electric heating means such as tracers designated by the general reference 8 in this figure.
Ces moyens de chauffage sont, par exemple, associés à une paroi interne de l’enceinte sous pression, la paroi interne étant désignée par la référence générale 9 sur cette figure.These heating means are, for example, associated with an internal wall of the pressure vessel, the internal wall being designated by the general reference 9 in this figure.
En fait, cette paroi interne 9 s’étend autour des moyens catalytiques 3 par exemple.In fact, this internal wall 9 extends around the catalytic means 3 for example.
Ainsi, on utilise un ou des traceurs électriques de chauffage positionnés sur la paroi dans l’enceinte sous pression.Thus, one or more electrical heating tracers positioned on the wall in the pressure vessel are used.
Une ou des vannes sont ouvertes pendant la chauffe de sorte que les gaz chauffés au contact de la paroi, elle-même chauffée à l’aide des traceurs électriques, montent dans la partie extérieure de l’enceinte et traversent les vannes afin de circuler dans la zone catalytique avec laquelle elle échange sa chaleur.One or more valves are open during heating so that the gases heated in contact with the wall, itself heated using electric tracers, rise in the outer part of the enclosure and pass through the valves in order to circulate in the catalytic zone with which it exchanges its heat.
Une convection naturelle est alors amorcée et cette phase de chauffe est maintenue tant que la zone catalytique et l’enceinte sont en dessous des températures mentionnées précédemment.Natural convection is then initiated and this heating phase is maintained as long as the catalytic zone and the enclosure are below the temperatures mentioned above.
Une fois ces températures atteintes, les vannes seront refermées et les moyens de chauffage peuvent être coupés.Once these temperatures have been reached, the valves will be closed again and the heating means can be cut off.
L’injection des réactifs débute alors et le reformeur est démarré.The injection of reagents then begins and the reformer is started.
On conçoit alors qu’un tel système présente un certain nombre d’avantages, notamment au niveau de sa compacité et du temps de démarrage et de la consommation électrique réduits.It is therefore conceivable that such a system has a certain number of advantages, in particular in terms of its compactness and reduced start-up time and electrical consumption.
Bien entendu, d’autres modes de réalisation encore peuvent être envisagés.Of course, still other embodiments can be envisaged.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2112712A FR3129608A1 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | REFORMER STRUCTURE |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2112712 | 2021-11-30 | ||
| FR2112712A FR3129608A1 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | REFORMER STRUCTURE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR3129608A1 true FR3129608A1 (en) | 2023-06-02 |
Family
ID=80786618
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2112712A Pending FR3129608A1 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | REFORMER STRUCTURE |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR3129608A1 (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3350176A (en) * | 1964-03-24 | 1967-10-31 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Hydrogen generator |
| US5516344A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1996-05-14 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Fuel cell power plant fuel processing apparatus |
| WO2000022690A1 (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-20 | Northwest Power Systems, Llc | Fuel processing system |
| US20040178765A1 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-09-16 | O'brien John F. | Integrated fuel reformer and heat exchanger |
| US20070006529A1 (en) * | 2004-03-06 | 2007-01-11 | Joachim Wunning | Compact steam reformer |
| US10305132B2 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-05-28 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | High-temperature fuel cell system |
| US20200330944A1 (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2020-10-22 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Induction Heated Reactor |
| EP3889105A1 (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-06 | L'air Liquide, Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'exploitation Des Procédés Georges Claude | Method and system for producing a synthesis gas product containing hydrogen and carbon oxides |
-
2021
- 2021-11-30 FR FR2112712A patent/FR3129608A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3350176A (en) * | 1964-03-24 | 1967-10-31 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Hydrogen generator |
| US5516344A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1996-05-14 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Fuel cell power plant fuel processing apparatus |
| WO2000022690A1 (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-20 | Northwest Power Systems, Llc | Fuel processing system |
| US20040178765A1 (en) * | 2003-03-12 | 2004-09-16 | O'brien John F. | Integrated fuel reformer and heat exchanger |
| US20070006529A1 (en) * | 2004-03-06 | 2007-01-11 | Joachim Wunning | Compact steam reformer |
| US20200330944A1 (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2020-10-22 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Induction Heated Reactor |
| US10305132B2 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-05-28 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | High-temperature fuel cell system |
| EP3889105A1 (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-06 | L'air Liquide, Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'exploitation Des Procédés Georges Claude | Method and system for producing a synthesis gas product containing hydrogen and carbon oxides |
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