FR3127863A1 - USE OF A PLANT PART EXTRACT TO BOOST PLANT DEFENSES AGAINST VIRUSES, COMPOSITION AND ASSOCIATED METHODS - Google Patents

Abstract

TITLE OF THE INVENTION: USE OF A PLANT PART EXTRACT TO BOOST PLANT DEFENSES AGAINST VIRUSES, COMPOSITION AND RELATED METHODS The eliciting composition stimulating plant or tree defenses reducing the effects of virus attack contains an extract of at least a part of at least one of the following plants: Arugula, including the genera Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias, Cakile, plants of the genera Allium, mustard (Sinapis alba, Brassica nigra, Sinapis arvensis , Brassica juncea), wasabi (Eutrema japonicum), horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), watercress (Nasturtium officinale), plants of the species Brassica rapa, Brassica ruvo, Brassica napus, Raphanus sativus, Barbarea verna, Erysimum allionii, Erysimum cheiri, Tropaeolum majus L, Alliaria petiolata, Salvadora persica, Carica papaya and Brassica oleracea. The abstract figure: Figure 1.

Description

USE OF A PLANT PART EXTRACT TO BOOST PLANT DEFENSES AGAINST VIRUSES, COMPOSITION AND ASSOCIATED METHODS

Technical field of the invention

The present invention relates to a use of an extract of particular plants to stimulate the defenses of plants or trees against viruses, and to a composition and associated methods. The present invention thus aims to reduce the effects of a virus attack.

State of the art

A phytovirus, or plant virus, is a virus attacking plant organisms. These viruses have the particularity of penetrating the plant cell of their host in order to divert the mechanisms of the cell to their advantage and allow them to reproduce.

This viral multiplication ends up causing a metabolic modification or the destruction of the cell. The proliferation of viruses inside plant tissues may in some cases cause no visible symptoms at first (masking phenomenon), but very often virus attacks manifest themselves by symptoms such as mosaics, mottling or fascinations.

Lineages of plant viruses have evolved independently of each other: like most endoparasites, viruses multiply in isolation within their hosts. The parallel evolution of viral strains and resistant hosts (coevolution) is at the origin of a great specialization of viruses vis-à-vis their host. Viruses are thus capable of attacking only one species or one family of plants. The tobacco mosaic virus, for example, is capable of attacking most plants belonging only to the Solanaceae family (tomato, tobacco, eggplant, etc.).

Viruses are obligate parasites, in the sense that they cannot multiply and live only in their host plant. Moreover, they can occur alone or in combinations of several pathogens.

In terms of crop protection, the future is no longer for synthetic pesticides. They will have to gradually give way to more natural products, capable of resisting pathogens while avoiding the well-known adverse effects of toxicity and damage to the environment. They are the source of significant ecological and health bills that society is less and less willing to pay.

Social and regulatory pressure for a reduction in the use of chemical pesticides continues to grow. Many farmers are looking for products that are less polluting, that can be permanently incorporated into new agricultural schemes, that are simple to apply, that convey a positive image for their production. Consumers, meanwhile, want healthy food, without the harmful effects of pesticides that have been increasingly discovered in recent years.

Several factors explain the disparity that still persists between the rejection of chemical pesticides and the accessibility of products that are more respectful of the environment. More specifically, but not exhaustively, the following reasons are most often mentioned:
- The more difficult commercial production of biopesticides,
- The formulation of biopesticides (limited stability),
- The effectiveness of biopesticides (rarely equivalent to that of synthetic chemical molecules),
- Funding research on biopesticides, and
- The very high cost of approvals, whose regulatory concepts remain based on biocidal mechanisms.

Presentation of the invention

The present invention aims to remedy all or part of these drawbacks.

To this end, according to a first aspect, the present invention relates to an eliciting composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees reducing the effects of an attack by a virus, which comprises an extract of at least a part of at least one of the following plants:
- Rockets, including genera Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias,
- Cakile,
- plants of the Brassica oleracea species,
- plants of the Allium genera,
- mustard ( Sinapis alba, Brassica nigra, Sinapis arvensis, Brassica juncea ),
- wasabi ( Eutrema japonicum ),
- horseradish ( Armoracia rusticana ),
- watercress ( Nasturtium officinale ),
- plants of the Brassica rapa species,
- plants of the Brassica ruvo species,
- plants of the Brassica napus species,
- plants of the Raphanus sativus species,
- plants of the Barbarea verna species,
- plants of the species Erysimum allionii ,
- plants of the Erysimum cheiri species,
- plants of the species Tropaeolum majus L ,
- plants of the Alliaria petiolata species,
- plants of the Salvadora persica species,
- plants of the Carica papaya species.

The effectiveness of the present invention aims to reduce the effects of viruses on plants, plants, or trees, so as to allow the plant, in particular a tree, to continue to grow correctly despite this attack, by overcoming the consequences of this attack, that is, allowing the plant or tree to grow despite the virus, reducing or eliminating the impact of the virus. The plant extract can also, in certain uses, allow the plant to eradicate certain viruses. This use can be curative or preventive.

In embodiments, the eliciting composition stimulating the defenses of the plants or trees that are the subject of the invention reducing the effects of an attack by one of the following viruses:
beet yellows viruses,
tobacco mosaic virus,
cassava mosaic virus,
Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV),
Banana streak virus (BSV),
Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)
cucumber mosaic virus,
sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV),
Maize lethal necrosis disease viruses (MLN, MCMV, SCMV)
The Potyviridae family of viruses,
Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (Potyvirus), or SPFMV
sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (Crinivirus), or SPCSV
And
SPVD,
sweet potato moderate mottle virus, or SPMMV,
sweet potato latent virus, or SPLV,
sweet potato chlorotic spot virus or SPCFV
sweet potato virus G, or SPVG,
sweet potato leafroll virus or SPLCV,
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV).

An eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention may comprise a total raw extract obtained by grinding and extracting the plant, in a fraction enriched in active compound(s) of such a total extract, or in one or more compounds ( s) active(s) in mixture. Such a composition advantageously makes it possible, in an effective amount in a composition, to combat the symptoms of the attack of a plant or a tree mentioned above by a virus mentioned above.

It is noted that the reduction of the effects of the viruses on the plants or trees attacked by these viruses comprises, in certain cases, the total or partial reduction of the symptoms. Indeed, plants and trees have, when their defense system is functional (in particular thanks to the stimulation obtained by the implementation of the invention), the capacity to defeat a virus. The use of the composition that is the subject of the present invention aims to stimulate what plants already know how to do, but which they do not do in cases of “sensitivity”, because they do not recognize their aggressor. The decline of the pathology thus appears in certain examples of the description.

In embodiments, the eliciting composition stimulating the defenses of the plants or trees that are the subject of the invention reduces the effects of an attack by at least one of the beet yellows viruses.

Preferably, the extract is obtained from at least one of the following plants:
- Rockets, including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias,
- Cakile,
- broccoli,
- plants of the Allium genera (garlic, onion, shallot, leek and chives),
- cabbage,
- cauliflower,
- Brussels sprouts,
- kale,
- mustard,
- wasabi,
- watercress,
- horseradish,
- White cabbage,
- field cabbage (Brassica rapa), including pak choy cabbage, Chinese cabbage and turnip,
- kohlrabi,
- collard greens,
- Red cabbage,
- Chinese broccoli,
- broccoli rabe,
- rapeseed,
- radish,
- siberian wallflower,
- wallflower,
- Indian watercress,
- garlic grass,
- pilu tree,
- papaya, in particular its fruit.

Preferably, the extract is obtained from at least one of the following plants:
- Rockets, including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias,
- Cakile,
- broccoli,
- cabbage,
- cauliflower,
- Brussels sprouts,
- kale,
- mustard,
- watercress,
- White cabbage,
- field cabbage (Brassica rapa), including pak choy cabbage, Chinese cabbage and turnip,
- kohlrabi,
- collard greens,
- Red cabbage,
- Chinese broccoli,
- broccoli rabe,
- radish, and
- siberian wallflower.

Preferably, the composition used in the present invention comprises an extract of at least one of the following plants:
- Rockets, including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias,
- Cakile.

Preferably, the composition used in the present invention comprises an extract of at least one of the plants of the species Brassica oleracea .

The inventor discovered that these extracts have at least one active substance which reduces the effects of viruses, the presence of their vector of diffusion and/or their colonization by insects.

In embodiments, said extract of at least one part of plants is an extract obtained from a ground material of said plants, and:
- said extract of at least one plant part comprises at least leaves of said plants, preferably essentially leaves and flowers, and
- the method for obtaining said liquid extract comprises the following steps:
a) a step of grinding said plants in an aqueous medium;
b) filtration of the ground product obtained; And
c) recovering the liquid extract obtained after filtration.

The term “essentially comprises” is intended here to denote by comprising at least 75%, preferably at least 95%, of leaves and flowers of said plants by weight, for example dry, relative to the total weight of the plant, before mixing with the solvent aqueous.

In embodiments, the application to the plant or tree is by foliar spraying, ground irrigation, drip, use in hydroponics, seed treatment and/or seed coating.

In some embodiments, the application to the plant or the tree is done with a dilution in water of the composition between 2 g/L and 2000 g/L expressed in grams of plants on which the extraction per liter of product applied.

In some embodiments, the application to the plant or the tree is done with a dilution in water of the composition between 5 g/L and 200 g/L expressed in grams of plants on which the extraction per liter of product applied.

In embodiments, said extract of at least one part of plants is a liquid extract of said plants.

In embodiments, application to the plant or tree is by foliar spray, soil drench, soil irrigation, drip, hydroponic cultivation, seed treatment and/or seed coating.

In embodiments, at least one active principle is obtained from leaves of said plants.

In embodiments, at least one active principle is obtained from flowers of said plants.

In embodiments, at least one active principle is obtained by grinding at least a part of said plants.

In embodiments, at least one active principle is obtained by aqueous extraction.

In embodiments, at least one active principle is obtained, by oil extraction, by solvent extraction, or by extraction of cakes or pastes.

In embodiments, the composition is formulated as a powder, soluble powder, wettable powder, granules, dispersible granules, or wettable or slow-release granules, to be diluted in water at the time of use.

In embodiments, the composition is formulated as a liquid, liquid soluble concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, suspension concentrate, or ready to use.

According to a second aspect, the present invention relates to a use of the eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention to reduce the effects of viruses on plants, including trees.

According to a third aspect, the present invention relates to a process for reducing the effects of viruses on plants, including trees, comprising a step of applying the eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention to said plant.

According to a fourth aspect, the present invention relates to a method for producing a composition which is the subject of the invention, which comprises a step of grinding at least part of said plants, to provide a ground material, and a filtering step to extracting solid parts from said ground material and obtaining a liquid.

The particular advantages, aims and characteristics of this composition and of this process being similar to those of the composition which is the subject of the present invention, they are not repeated here.

Brief description of figures

Other advantages, objects and characteristics of the present invention will emerge from the description which follows, given for the purpose of explanation and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawing, in which:

represents, in the form of a flowchart, steps of an embodiment of a process for producing and using a ground material, which is a preferred example of production of the composition which is the subject of the invention,

represents dates of evaluations of beet treatments,

represents numbers of Myzus persicae insects,

represents incidences of the pest Myzus persicae,

represents numbers of Aphis fabae insects,

represents incidences of the pest Aphis fabae

represents assessments of areas infected with jaundice,

represents a photograph of the untreated modality,

represents a photograph of the modality treated with the IEC product,

represents a photograph of the modality treated with the IEC product,

represents a photograph of the modality treated with CEI + Teppeki, and

represents a photograph of the modality treated with Teppeki alone.

Claims (10)

Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees reducing the effects of an attack by a virus, characterized in that it comprises an extract of at least a part of at least one of the following plants:
- Rockets, including genera Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias,
- Cakile,
- plants of the Brassica oleracea species,
- plants of the Allium genera,
- mustard ( Sinapis alba, Brassica nigra, Sinapis arvensis, Brassica juncea ),
- wasabi ( Eutrema japonicum ),
- horseradish ( Armoracia rusticana ),
- watercress ( Nasturtium officinale ),
- plants of the Brassica rapa species,
- Plants of the Brassica ruvo species,
- Plants of the Brassica napus species,
- Plants of the Raphanus sativus species,
- Plants of the Barbarea verna species,
- Plants of the species Erysimum allionii ,
- Plants of the species Erysimum cheiri ,
- Plants of the species Tropaeolum majus L ,
- Plants of the Alliaria petiolata species,
- Plants of the Salvadora persica species,
- Plants of the species Carica papaya . Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees according to claim 1, which reduces the effects of an attack by one of the following viruses:
- Beet yellows viruses,
- Tobacco mosaic virus,
- Cassava mosaic virus,
- Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV),
- Banana streak virus (BSV),
- Barley yellow dwarf virus (JNO or BYDV),
- Cucumber mosaic virus,
- Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV),
- Maize lethal necrosis disease viruses (MLN, MCMV, SCMV),
- The Potyviridae family of viruses,
- Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (Potyvirus), or SPFMV,
- Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (Crinivirus), or SPCSV
And
SPVD,
- Sweet potato moderate mottle virus, or SPMMV,
- Sweet potato latent virus, or SPLV,
- Sweet potato chlorotic spot virus or SPCFV,
- Sweet potato virus G, or SPVG,
- Sweet potato leafroll virus, or SPLCV,
- Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV). Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees according to one of claims 1 or 2, which reduces the effects of an attack by at least one of the beet yellows viruses. Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees according to one of claims 1 or 2, which reduces the effects of an attack by at least one of the cucumber mosaic viruses. Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the extract is obtained from at least one of the following plants:
- Rockets, including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias,
- Cakile,
- broccoli,
- plants of the Allium genera (garlic, onion, shallot, leek and chives),
- cabbage,
- cauliflower,
- Brussels sprouts,
- kale,
- mustard,
- wasabi,
- watercress,
- horseradish,
- White cabbage,
- field cabbage (Brassica rapa), including pak choy cabbage, Chinese cabbage and turnip,
- kohlrabi,
- collard greens,
- Red cabbage,
- Chinese broccoli,
- broccoli rabe,
- rapeseed,
- radish,
- siberian wallflower,
- wallflower,
- Indian watercress,
- garlic grass,
- pilu tree,
- papaya, in particular its fruit. Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which the extract is obtained from at least one of the following plants:
- Rockets, including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias,
- Cakile,
- broccoli,
- cabbage,
- cauliflower,
- Brussels sprouts,
- kale,
- mustard,
- watercress,
- White cabbage,
- field cabbage (Brassica rapa), including pak choy cabbage, Chinese cabbage and turnip,
- kohlrabi,
- collard greens,
- Red cabbage,
- Chinese broccoli,
- broccoli rabe,
- radish, and
- siberian wallflower. Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees according to one of Claims 1 to 6, in which the extract is obtained from at least one of the following plants:
- Rockets, including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias,
- Cakile. Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees according to one of Claims 1 to 6, in which the extract is obtained from at least one of the plants of the species Brassica oleracea . Elicitor composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees according to one of Claims 1 to 8, in which the said extract of at least one part of plants is an extract obtained from a ground material of the said plants, and:
- said extract of at least one plant part comprises at least leaves of said plants, preferably essentially leaves and flowers, and
- the method for obtaining said liquid extract comprises the following steps:
a) a step of grinding said plants;
b) filtration of the ground product obtained; And
c) recovering the liquid extract obtained after filtration. Process for reducing the effects of viruses on plants, including trees, comprising a step of applying the eliciting composition according to one of Claims 1 to 9.