FR3121853A1 - Improved pairing process of a metal leading edge and a composite blade body - Google Patents

Improved pairing process of a metal leading edge and a composite blade body Download PDF

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Publication number
FR3121853A1
FR3121853A1 FR2104095A FR2104095A FR3121853A1 FR 3121853 A1 FR3121853 A1 FR 3121853A1 FR 2104095 A FR2104095 A FR 2104095A FR 2104095 A FR2104095 A FR 2104095A FR 3121853 A1 FR3121853 A1 FR 3121853A1
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France
Prior art keywords
blade body
leading edge
metal
conductive material
leading portion
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Granted
Application number
FR2104095A
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French (fr)
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FR3121853B1 (en
Inventor
Thibaud FRIEDRICH
Azalia MORADI
Denis VASSEUR Nicolas
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Priority to FR2104095A priority Critical patent/FR3121853B1/en
Publication of FR3121853A1 publication Critical patent/FR3121853A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/28Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/04Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine or like blades from several pieces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • F01D5/147Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/28Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/282Selecting composite materials, e.g. blades with reinforcing filaments
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/28Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288Protective coatings for blades
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B23H9/10Working turbine blades or nozzles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00Manufacture
    • F05D2230/10Manufacture by removing material
    • F05D2230/11Manufacture by removing material by electrochemical methods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00Manufacture
    • F05D2230/10Manufacture by removing material
    • F05D2230/12Manufacture by removing material by spark erosion methods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00Components
    • F05D2240/20Rotors
    • F05D2240/30Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05D2240/303Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the leading edge of a rotor blade
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/603Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B11/00Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
    • F16B11/006Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé d’appairage amélioré d’un bord d’attaque métallique et d’un corps d’aube composite Procédé d’appairage d’un bord d’attaque métallique et d’un corps d’aube composite, dans lequel on fournit un corps d’aube (10) réalisé en matériau composite, comprenant une portion d’attaque, et on fournit un bord d’attaque (30) métallique présentant une face interne (32) et une face externe (34), adapté pour être solidarisé à la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube via sa face interne (32), on recouvre la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube (10) d’un matériau conducteur (20), on usine une face interne du bord d’attaque métallique par électroérosion par enfonçage du corps d’aube (10) dans le bord d’attaque (30), le corps d’aube (10) étant relié à une source de courant pour former une électrode du procédé d’électroérosion. Figure pour l’abrégé : Fig. 2.Method for improved pairing of a metal leading edge and a composite blade body Method of pairing a metal leading edge and a composite blade body, in which a body is provided blade (10) made of composite material, comprising a leading portion, and a metal leading edge (30) is provided having an internal face (32) and an external face (34), adapted to be secured to the leading portion of the blade body via its inner face (32), the leading portion of the blade body (10) is covered with a conductive material (20), an inner face of the edge is machined electroerosion metal etching by sinking the blade body (10) into the leading edge (30), the blade body (10) being connected to a current source to form an electrode of the electroerosion process. Figure for abstract: Fig. 2.

Description

Procédé d’appairage amélioré d’un bord d’attaque métallique et d’un corps d’aube compositeImproved pairing process of a metal leading edge and a composite blade body

Le présent exposé concerne la réalisation d’aubages composites, comprenant un bord d’attaque rapporté.This presentation concerns the production of composite blading, comprising an added leading edge.

Le présent exposé concerne notamment la réalisation d’aubages pour un compresseur basse pression de turbomachine. Les aubages sont communément réalisés en matériaux composites tissés en 3D, en injectant une résine époxy, par un procédé d’injection par transfert de résine, dans une préforme de fibre de carbone tissée 3D. Un renfort métallique, sous la forme d’un bord d’attaque pouvant par exemple réalisé en Titane, est ensuite collé sur la partie de l’aubage formant le bord d’attaque de la pale composite.This presentation relates in particular to the production of blading for a low-pressure turbomachine compressor. The blades are commonly made of 3D woven composite materials, by injecting an epoxy resin, by a resin transfer injection process, into a 3D woven carbon fiber preform. A metal reinforcement, in the form of a leading edge which can for example be made of titanium, is then bonded to the part of the blade forming the leading edge of the composite blade.

En pratique, les aubages composite ainsi réalisés présentent de nombreuses non-conformités à la fois sur la pièce intermédiaire de fabrication qu’est le bord d’attaque en titane, mais également aussi à la pièce d’entrée de montage lorsque le bord d’attaque est assemblé par collage, ce qui induit un surcoût qualité pour une pièce ayant déjà un coût important par rapport au coût total d’une aube.In practice, the composite blades thus produced have numerous non-conformities both on the intermediate manufacturing part which is the titanium leading edge, but also also on the assembly entry part when the edge of the attack is assembled by gluing, which induces an additional quality cost for a part that already has a high cost compared to the total cost of a blade.

La réalisation de tels aubages pose donc une double problématique, à savoir la difficulté à produire suffisamment de pièces conformes mais également à réduire le coût des pièces et à assurer la robustesse de la gamme.The production of such blades therefore poses a double problem, namely the difficulty of producing enough compliant parts but also of reducing the cost of the parts and ensuring the robustness of the range.

Afin de répondre au moins partiellement à cette problématique, le présent exposé concerne un procédé d’appairage d’un bord d’attaque métallique et d’un corps d’aube composite, dans lequel
- on fournit un corps d’aube réalisé en matériau composite, comprenant une portion d’attaque, et on fournit un bord d’attaque métallique présentant une face interne et une face externe, adapté pour être solidarisé à la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube via sa face interne,
- on recouvre la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube d’un matériau conducteur,
- on usine une face interne du bord d’attaque métallique par électroérosion par enfonçage du corps d’aube dans le bord d’attaque, le corps d’aube étant relié à une source de courant pour former une électrode du procédé d’électroérosion.
In order to at least partially respond to this problem, the present presentation concerns a method for pairing a metal leading edge and a composite blade body, in which
- a blade body made of composite material is provided, comprising a leading portion, and a metal leading edge is provided having an inner face and an outer face, adapted to be secured to the leading portion of the body dawn via its internal face,
- the leading portion of the blade body is covered with a conductive material,
- An inner face of the metal leading edge is machined by spark erosion by sinking the blade body into the leading edge, the blade body being connected to a current source to form an electrode of the spark erosion process.

Selon un exemple, le procédé comprend une étape ultérieure de solidarisation du bord d’attaque métallique sur le corps d’aube.According to one example, the method comprises a subsequent step of joining the metal leading edge to the blade body.

Selon un exemple, la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube est recouverte d’une couche uniforme de matériau conducteur, ayant typiquement une épaisseur constante ou sensiblement constante.According to one example, the leading portion of the blade body is covered with a uniform layer of conductive material, typically having a constant or substantially constant thickness.

Selon un exemple, le matériau conducteur est du carbone ou du cuivre.According to one example, the conductive material is carbon or copper.

Selon un exemple, l’électroérosion est réalisée en plongeant le bord d’attaque métallique et le corps d’aube dans un bain de liquide diélectrique et en appliquant un courant électrique au matériau conducteur à la surface du corps d’aube.In one example, EDM is performed by immersing the metallic leading edge and the blade body in a bath of dielectric liquid and applying an electric current to the conductive material on the surface of the blade body.

Selon un exemple, pour la réalisation de l’usinage par électroérosion, on positionne le corps d’aube en regard du bord d’attaque métallique, en maintenant une distance d’espacement non nulle entre le bord d’attaque métallique et le corps d’aube, puis on applique un courant électrique au matériau conducteur du corps d’aube, on rapproche le bord d’attaque métallique et le corps d’aube jusqu’à ce que le bord d’attaque métallique soit au contact du corps d’aube et recouvre la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube, et on stoppe alors l’application du courant électrique.According to one example, for carrying out the machining by electroerosion, the blade body is positioned facing the metal leading edge, while maintaining a non-zero spacing distance between the metal leading edge and the blade body. blade, then an electric current is applied to the conductive material of the blade body, the metallic leading edge and the blade body are brought together until the metallic leading edge is in contact with the blade body. blade and covers the leading portion of the blade body, and the application of the electric current is then stopped.

Selon un exemple, suite à l’étape d’usinage, on solidarise le bord d’attaque métallique à la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube.According to one example, following the machining step, the metal leading edge is secured to the leading portion of the blade body.

Selon un exemple, la solidarisation est réalisée par collage.According to one example, the connection is made by gluing.

L’invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description détaillée faite ci-après de différents modes de réalisation de l’invention donnés à titre d’exemples non limitatifs.The invention and its advantages will be better understood on reading the detailed description given below of various embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples.

La illustre schématiquement une portion de corps d’aube et un bord d’attaque associé. The schematically illustrates a blade body portion and an associated leading edge.

La illustre une étape d’un procédé selon un aspect de l’invention. The illustrates a step of a method according to one aspect of the invention.

La illustre une étape d’un procédé selon un aspect de l’invention. The illustrates a step of a method according to one aspect of the invention.

La illustre une étape d’un procédé selon un aspect de l’invention. The illustrates a step of a method according to one aspect of the invention.

Sur l’ensemble des figures, les éléments en commun sont repérés par des références numériques identiques.In all the figures, the elements in common are identified by identical numerical references.

Claims (8)

Procédé d’appairage d’un bord d’attaque métallique et d’un corps d’aube composite, dans lequel
- on fournit un corps d’aube (10) réalisé en matériau composite, comprenant une portion d’attaque, et on fournit un bord d’attaque (30) métallique présentant une face interne (32) et une face externe (34), adapté pour être solidarisé à la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube via sa face interne (32),
- on recouvre la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube (10) d’un matériau conducteur (20),
- on usine une face interne du bord d’attaque métallique par électroérosion par enfonçage du corps d’aube (10) dans le bord d’attaque (30), le corps d’aube (10) étant relié à une source de courant pour former une électrode du procédé d’électroérosion.
Method for pairing a metallic leading edge and a composite blade body, in which
- a blade body (10) made of composite material is provided, comprising a leading portion, and a metal leading edge (30) is provided having an inner face (32) and an outer face (34), adapted to be secured to the leading portion of the blade body via its internal face (32),
- the leading portion of the blade body (10) is covered with a conductive material (20),
- an internal face of the metal leading edge is machined by spark erosion by sinking the blade body (10) into the leading edge (30), the blade body (10) being connected to a current source for forming an electrode of the spark erosion process.
Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant une étape ultérieure de solidarisation du bord d’attaque (30) métallique sur le corps d’aube (10).Method according to claim 1, comprising a subsequent step of securing the metal leading edge (30) to the blade body (10). Procédé selon l’une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube (10) est recouverte d’une couche uniforme de matériau conducteur (20).Method according to one of Claims 1 or 2, in which the leading portion of the blade body (10) is covered with a uniform layer of conductive material (20). Procédé selon l’une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le matériau conducteur est du carbone ou du cuivre.Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the conductive material is carbon or copper. Procédé selon l’une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l’électroérosion est réalisée en plongeant le bord d’attaque (30) métallique et le corps d’aube (10) dans un bain de liquide diélectrique et en appliquant un courant électrique au matériau conducteur (20) à la surface du corps d’aube (10).Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the electroerosion is carried out by immersing the metallic leading edge (30) and the blade body (10) in a bath of dielectric liquid and by applying an electric current conductive material (20) on the surface of the blade body (10). Procédé selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel pour la réalisation de l’usinage par électroérosion, on positionne le corps d’aube (10) en regard du bord d’attaque (30) métallique, en maintenant une distance d’espacement non nulle entre le bord d’attaque métallique et le corps d’aube, puis on applique un courant électrique au matériau conducteur (20) du corps d’aube (10), on rapproche le bord d’attaque (30) métallique et le corps d’aube jusqu’à ce que le bord d’attaque (30) métallique soit au contact du corps d’aube (10) et recouvre la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube, et on stoppe alors l’application du courant électrique.Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which for carrying out the machining by electroerosion, the blade body (10) is positioned facing the metal leading edge (30), maintaining a spacing distance non-zero between the metallic leading edge and the blade body, then an electric current is applied to the conductive material (20) of the blade body (10), the metallic leading edge (30) and the blade body until the metallic leading edge (30) is in contact with the blade body (10) and covers the leading portion of the blade body, and the application of the Electric power. Procédé selon l’une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel suite à l’étape d’usinage, on solidarise le bord d’attaque (30) métallique à la portion d’attaque du corps d’aube (10).Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, in which, following the machining step, the metal leading edge (30) is secured to the leading portion of the blade body (10). Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la solidarisation est réalisée par collage.Process according to Claim 7, in which the joining is carried out by gluing.
FR2104095A 2021-04-20 2021-04-20 Improved method for pairing a metal leading edge and a composite blade body Active FR3121853B1 (en)

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FR2104095A FR3121853B1 (en) 2021-04-20 2021-04-20 Improved method for pairing a metal leading edge and a composite blade body
FR2104095 2021-04-20

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FR3121853A1 true FR3121853A1 (en) 2022-10-21
FR3121853B1 FR3121853B1 (en) 2024-03-29

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160369635A1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2016-12-22 United Technologies Corporation Plating a composite to enhance bonding of metallic components
WO2020127551A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Mecachrome France Method for producing a metal reinforcement for a turbomachine blade
EP3110989B1 (en) * 2014-02-25 2020-11-04 Safran Aircraft Engines Protective edge for a blade and method of manufacturing said edge
EP3574187B1 (en) * 2017-01-30 2020-12-09 Safran Aircraft Engines Method for removing a metal element bonded to an element made of composite material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160369635A1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2016-12-22 United Technologies Corporation Plating a composite to enhance bonding of metallic components
EP3110989B1 (en) * 2014-02-25 2020-11-04 Safran Aircraft Engines Protective edge for a blade and method of manufacturing said edge
EP3574187B1 (en) * 2017-01-30 2020-12-09 Safran Aircraft Engines Method for removing a metal element bonded to an element made of composite material
WO2020127551A1 (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Mecachrome France Method for producing a metal reinforcement for a turbomachine blade

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