FR3117261A1 - Electromagnetic filter, high voltage electrical device, associated vehicle and method - Google Patents

Abstract

Electromagnetic filter, high voltage electrical device, vehicle and associated method This electromagnetic filter (16) is adapted to be disposed around a high voltage connector (14) and comprises a plurality of filter elements (24), each filter element (24) delimiting a receiving conduit (30) suitable for receiving the high voltage connector (14), and a first and a second partial envelope (34, 36). In an uninstalled configuration, the first and second partial shrouds are disposed spaced apart from the plurality of filter elements (24), and in an installed configuration, the first and second partial shrouds are disposed around the plurality of filter elements filter (24). The partial envelopes enclose a reception volume (37) of the filtering elements (24). The partial envelopes (34, 36) each include a through hole (38, 39). The passage holes are arranged facing each other and crossed by the high voltage connector (14) when the casing (26) is in the installed configuration. Figure for the abstract: Figure 2

Description

Electromagnetic filter, high voltage electrical device, associated vehicle and method

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic filter, adapted to be arranged around a high voltage connector, the electromagnetic filter comprising:

- a plurality of filtering elements adapted to reduce electromagnetic interference between an upstream part and a downstream part of the high voltage connector, each filtering element delimiting a receiving conduit adapted to accommodate the high voltage connector,

- an envelope, comprising:

- a first partial envelope, and

- a second partial envelope,

and defining:

- an uninstalled configuration, in which the first partial envelope and the second partial envelope are disposed apart from the plurality of filter elements, and

- an installed configuration, in which the first partial envelope and the second partial envelope are arranged around the plurality of filtering elements, the first partial envelope and the second partial envelope together enclosing a reception volume of the filtering elements.

The electromagnetic compatibility of all the components of a vehicle, and more particularly of the components of a railway vehicle, must be respected to ensure reliable operation of the vehicle.

Electromagnetic filters are used for this purpose. Such electromagnetic filters are notably used around high voltage connections.

The electromagnetic filters usually used generally comprise a ferrite element as well as a box closed by closing flanges.

However, such filters are not entirely satisfactory. Indeed, such electromagnetic filters are bulky, have a high weight and are also complicated to mount around the connection elements.

One of the aims of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic filter which solves at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks and which is in particular easy to mount and not very bulky.

To this end, the subject of the invention is an electromagnetic filter of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the first partial envelope comprises at least one first passage orifice and the second partial envelope comprises at least one second passage orifice, the first orifice passage being arranged opposite the second passage orifice when the casing is in the installed configuration, the first and second passage orifices being adapted to be traversed by the high voltage connector.

The arrangement of the through holes in the first and second partial envelopes is particularly advantageous since it allows the envelope to be locked in an installed configuration by simply inserting the high voltage connector through the first and second through holes. This thus makes the assembly of the filter particularly easy while limiting the number of components of the filter but also the volume occupied by such a filter.

The electromagnetic filter according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:

- The first partial envelope and the second partial envelope are of identical shape;

- the first partial envelope and the second partial envelope include:

. a side wall, in particular in the form of a half-cylinder, in particular a half-cylinder with a section of an arc of a circle;

and in which:

. at least one of the first partial envelope and of the second partial envelope comprises a first end wall, disposed at a first end of the associated side wall, and delimiting one of the passage orifices, and

. at least the other of the first partial envelope and of the second partial envelope comprises a first reception region, disposed at a second end of the associated side wall, and being adapted to receive the first end wall of the au at least one of the first partial envelope and the second partial envelope;

- . the other of the first partial casing and of the second partial casing comprises a second end wall adjacent to the first reception region, and delimiting the other of the passage orifices;

. one of the first partial envelope and the second partial envelope comprises a second receiving region adjacent to the first end wall, and being adapted to receive the second end wall of the at least the other of the first partial envelope and the second partial envelope;

- the electromagnetic filter comprises, when the casing is in its installed configuration, a filling block, coating the plurality of filtering elements and filling the reception volume, the filling block being formed by the solidification of a liquid filling ; And

- each filtering element comprises a matrix in which iron-based nanocrystals are housed, in particular each filtering element is formed by winding a ribbon of the matrix and iron-based nanocrystals.

The invention also relates to a high-voltage electrical device comprising:

- a high voltage connector, and

- an electromagnetic filter as defined above,

the high voltage connector passing through the electromagnetic filter, the high voltage connector being accommodated in the receiving duct of each filtering element and being accommodated in each first passage orifice and in each second passage orifice.

According to a particular embodiment, the electrical device comprises a support adapted to be connected to the high voltage unit arranged on the body of a vehicle, the support comprising an insulator or a lightning arrester, which device also comprises a secondary high voltage unit electrically connected to the high voltage unit via the high voltage connector.

The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a high-voltage electrical device as defined above.

The invention also relates to a method for installing an electromagnetic filter as defined above around a high voltage connector, the method comprising the following steps:

- supply of the high voltage connector and the electromagnetic filter, the envelope of the electromagnetic filter being supplied in its uninstalled configuration,

- placing the casing in its installed configuration by bringing the first partial casing and the second partial casing around the plurality of filtering elements, and

- installation of the high voltage connector in the electromagnetic filter by inserting the connector through the receiving duct of each filtering element and through each first through hole and each second through hole, and

- in particular filling of the envelope with the material of the filling block in the non-solid state and solidification of the material to obtain the filling block.

The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, given solely by way of non-limiting example and made with reference to the drawings in which:

there is a schematic representation in perspective of a portion of a vehicle comprising an electrical device, itself comprising an electromagnetic filter according to the invention;

there is a schematic representation in exploded perspective of elements forming the electrical device and the electromagnetic filter of the ; And

there is a schematic sectional representation along a plane P-P' of the electrical device of the .

By high voltage is meant in the following description a voltage between 1,000 V and 50,000 V.

With reference to the , a vehicle 10 comprises a high-voltage electrical device 12.

The vehicle 10 is preferably a railway vehicle such as a locomotive or a rail car. The vehicle 10 is for example a high-speed train, a regional train, a metro or a tramway.

The vehicle 10 comprises a body 13 defining for example a passenger compartment of the vehicle.

The high voltage electrical device 12 comprises a high voltage connector 14 and an electromagnetic filter 16. The high voltage device 12 preferably comprises a high voltage unit 18, a secondary high voltage unit 19 and a support 20.

The high voltage unit 18 is for example a high voltage circuit breaker. The high voltage unit 18 is for example fixed on the body 13 and connected on the one hand to a high voltage circuit (not shown) of the vehicle 10 and on the other hand to the high voltage connector 14.

The secondary high voltage unit 19 is for example a high voltage pantograph.

The secondary high voltage unit 19 is for example fixed on the body 13 and connected on the one hand to a high voltage circuit, such as a catenary (not shown), and on the other hand to the high voltage connector 14.

Bracket 20 is attached to high voltage unit 18 and holds high voltage connector 14 and/or electromagnetic filter 16 to vehicle 10.

The support 20 comprises for example an insulator or a lightning arrester. In a particular variant, the support 20 consists of an insulator or a lightning arrester.

The high voltage connector 14 comprises for example an electrically conductive bar 22. In the example of Figures 1 to 3, the high voltage connector 14 is a conductive bar 22 of substantially rectangular section. The section can also be different from a rectangular section.

The high voltage connector 14 is preferably suitable for conducting a current whose intensity is between 0 A and 1500 A. It is also suitable for conducting a short-circuit current which may amount to several tens of thousands of amperes. .

The electromagnetic filter 16 is adapted to be arranged around the high voltage connector 14. In the high voltage electrical device 12 of the , the electromagnetic filter 16 is arranged around the high voltage connector 14.

The electromagnetic filter 16 includes a plurality of filter elements 24, an envelope 26, and preferably includes a filler block 28.

As illustrated on the , the electromagnetic filter 16 defines an interior I and an exterior E, the interior I corresponding to the volume extending into the electromagnetic filter 16 and the exterior E corresponding to the volume extending outside the electromagnetic filter 16.

In the example represented, the electromagnetic filter 16 comprises seven filtering elements 24. Alternatively, the electromagnetic filter 16 comprises between three and twelve filtering elements 24.

Each filtering element 24 is adapted to reduce the electromagnetic interference between an upstream part and a downstream part of the high voltage connector 14.

Each filtering element 24 delimits a receiving conduit 30 suitable for receiving the high voltage connector 14. Each filtering element 24 is for example of tubular shape, the inner surface 32 of the tube forming each filtering element 24 delimiting the conduit of reception 30.

When the filtering element 24 is of tubular shape, its inside diameter is between 25 mm and 50 mm, its outside diameter is between 30 mm and 70 mm and its length is between 10 mm and 50 mm.

Each filtering element 24 preferably comprises a matrix in which iron-based nanocrystals are housed.

Each filtering element 24 is in particular formed by winding a strip of the matrix on which the iron-based nanocrystals are placed.

Each filtering element 24 is in particular formed by a winding of an alloy of ferrous nanocrystalline known under the trade name VITROPERM 500F.

The envelope 26 comprises a first partial envelope 34 and a second partial envelope 36.

The casing 26 is preferably elongated in shape and extends in a longitudinal direction.

Shroud 26 defines an uninstalled configuration, wherein first partial shroud 34 and second partial shroud 36 are disposed spaced apart from the plurality of filter elements 24, and an installed configuration, wherein first partial shroud 34 and the second partial envelope 36 are arranged around the plurality of filtering elements 24, the first partial envelope 34 and the second partial envelope 36 together enclosing a reception volume 37 of the filtering elements 24.

The first partial envelope 34 and the second partial envelope 36 are preferably each one-piece. The first partial envelope 34 and the second partial envelope 36 are for example formed from a plastic material.

The first partial casing 34 comprises at least one first passage orifice 38 and the second partial casing 36 comprises at least one second passage orifice 39.

At least one first passage orifice 38 is arranged opposite at least one second passage orifice 39 when the casing 26 is in the installed configuration, said first passage orifice 38 opening into said second passage orifice 39.

The first passage orifice 38 and the second passage orifice 39 are adapted to be crossed by the high voltage connector 14.

The first passage orifice 38 and the second passage orifice 39 have for example a passage orifice cross section 38, 39, complementary to the cross section of the high voltage connector 14, in particular, complementary to the section of the conductive bar 22 The high voltage connector 14 is for example housed in each first passage orifice 38 and in each second passage orifice 39 when the casing 26 is in its installed configuration. The high voltage connector 14 preferably bridges each first through hole 38 and each second through hole 39 through which it extends.

In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3, the first partial envelope 34 and the second partial envelope 36 are of identical shape. The first partial envelope 34 and the second partial envelope 36 are for example formed by molding a plastic material in the same mold or two identical molds.

As illustrated on the , the first partial envelope 34 and the second partial envelope 36 each comprise a side wall 40.

Each side wall 40 is for example in the shape of a half cylinder and in particular of a half cylinder with a section of an arc of a circle. When each side wall 40 is in the shape of a semi-cylinder with an arcuate section, the external diameter of each side wall is between 35 mm and 80 mm. The length of each side wall, taken along the direction of elongation of the semi-cylinder with an arcuate section, is for example between 50 mm and 700 mm

The thickness of each side wall 40 is for example between 2 mm and 15 mm.

As illustrated on the , each side wall 40 preferably comprises at least one retaining rib 41 for filtering elements 24.

Each retaining rib 41 for example projects radially from an inner surface 52 of each side wall 40, towards the inside of the reception volume 37.

Each retaining rib 41 extends for example between two filtering elements 24 when the casing 26 is in its installed configuration and the filtering elements 24 are arranged in the reception volume 37. Each retaining rib 41 is by example configured to hold the filter elements 24 in position in the longitudinal direction and equidistant from each other. Each retaining rib 41 is therefore a spacer axially separating two adjacent filtering elements 24 . Alternatively, other spacer elements can be provided at the retaining ribs.

At least one of the first partial casing 34 and of the second partial casing 36 comprises for example a first end wall 42, and at least the other of the first partial casing 34 and of the second partial casing 36 comprises by example a first receiving region 44. Additionally, and preferably, at least the other of the first partial envelope 34 and of the second partial envelope 36 comprises a second end wall 46 and at least one of the first partial envelope 34 and of the second partial envelope 36 comprises a second reception region 48.

In the example represented in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first partial envelope 34 and the second partial envelope 36 each comprise a first end wall 42, a first receiving region 44, a second end wall 46 and a second host region 48.

Each first end wall 42 is disposed at a first end of one of the side walls 40. Each first end wall 42 is intended to extend between the side walls of the first partial envelope 34 and of the second envelope partial 36 when the casing 26 is in its installed configuration.

Each first end wall 42 is for example substantially disc-shaped.

Each first end wall 42 delimits a passage orifice selected from one of the first 38 and second 39 passage orifices, depending on whether the first end wall 42 is a wall of the first partial envelope 34 or of the second envelope partial 36.

Each first receiving region 44 is arranged at a second end of one of the side walls 40, the second end being arranged opposite the first end.

Each first reception region 44 is adapted to receive one of the first end walls 42. In particular, in the example of the , the first reception region 44 of the first partial envelope 34 is adapted to receive the first end wall 42 of the second partial envelope 36 and the first reception region 44 of the second partial envelope 36 is adapted to receive the first end wall 42 of the first partial envelope 34. More exactly, the reception regions 44 are adapted to receive part of the end wall 42 concerned.

Each first reception region 44 defines for example a region of complementary shape to a portion of one of the first end walls 42.

Each first reception region 44 forms, for example, a groove extending over the inner surface 52 of one of the side walls 40. Said groove allowing, for example, the positioning of a sealing system preventing the overflow of the material from the block filler 28 in the non-solid state.

Each second end wall 46 is adjacent to the first receiving region 44.

Each second end wall 46 is intended to extend between side walls 40 of first partial shroud 34 and second partial shroud 36 when shroud 26 is in its installed configuration.

Each second end wall 46 is for example substantially disc-shaped.

Each second end wall 46 delimits a passage orifice chosen from among the other of the first 38 and second 39 passage orifices, depending on whether the second end wall 46 is a wall of the first partial casing 34 or of the second casing partial 36. The first end wall 42 received in the reception region 44 adjacent to the second end wall 46 then delimits either a first passage orifice 38 when the second end wall 46 delimits a second passage orifice 39 or a second passage orifice 39 when the second end wall 46 delimits a first passage orifice 38.

Each second receiving region 48 is adjacent to the first end wall 42.

Each second reception region 48 is adapted to receive one of the second end walls 46. In particular, in the example of the , the second reception region 48 of the first partial envelope 34 is adapted to receive the second end wall 46 of the second partial envelope 36 and the second reception region 48 of the second partial envelope 36 is adapted to receive the second end wall 46 of the first partial envelope 34.

Each second reception region 48 defines for example a region of complementary shape to a portion of one of the second end walls 46.

Electromagnetic filter 16 includes filler block 28 when enclosure 26 is in its installed configuration.

The filling block 28 fills the reception volume 37. In particular, the filling block 28 coats the plurality of filtering elements 24 and the high voltage connector 14 to fill the reception volume 37.

Fill block 28 is preferably formed by the solidification of a fill liquid.

The filling block 28 is for example formed from solidified resin, for example cross-linked or dried. The material of the filling block is for example a thermoplastic resin, a silicone polymer or any other material allowing mechanical strength of the filtering elements 24 on the high voltage connector 14 while providing electrical insulation.

According to a particular embodiment, the envelope 26 comprises an injection orifice 54, configured to allow the injection of the filling liquid into the reception volume 37 .

In particular, as seen in the , one of the first end walls 42 and the second end walls 46 being adjacent to it, that is to say the second end wall 46 received in the second reception region 48 adjacent to the first end wall 42, each have an orifice extending opposite each other and delimiting the injection orifice 54.

A method of installing an electromagnetic filter 16 as described above around a high voltage connector 14 as mentioned above will now be presented.

The high voltage connector 14 and the electromagnetic filter 16 are supplied first, the electromagnetic filter envelope 16 being supplied in the uninstalled configuration.

The envelope 26 is then put in place in its installed configuration by bringing the first partial envelope 34 and the second partial envelope 36 around the plurality of filter elements 24.

The high voltage connector is then installed in the electromagnetic filter 16. The connector 14 is in particular installed through each receiving duct 30 of each filtering element 24, through each first passage orifice 38 and through each second through hole 39.

The envelope 30 is then filled with the material of the filling block 28 in the non-solid state, which is formed by the filling liquid.

The filling block material is then solidified, for example by drying or cross-linking, to obtain the filling block 28.

As previously described, the arrangement of the passage orifices 38, 39 in the first 34 and second 36 partial envelopes is particularly advantageous for facilitating the assembly of the electromagnetic filter 16 while limiting its volume.

The use of a first partial envelope 34 and a second partial envelope 36 of identical shape is particularly advantageous for simplifying the manufacture of said partial envelopes 34, 36, in particular by using a single mold for their molding.

The geometry of the partial envelopes 34, 36 is particularly suited to their use around a high voltage connector while limiting the space required for the electromagnetic filter 16.

The use of a filling block 28 ensures that the electromagnetic filter 16 is held in position with respect to the high voltage connector 18.

The composition of each filtering element 24 and in particular the use of a matrix in which iron-based nanocrystals are housed is particularly advantageous for obtaining an electromagnetic filter 16 whose volume and weight are low.

Claims (10)

Electromagnetic filter (16), adapted to be arranged around a high voltage connector (14), the electromagnetic filter (16) comprising:

• a plurality of filtering elements (24) adapted to reduce electromagnetic interference between an upstream part and a downstream part of the high voltage connector (14), each filtering element (24) delimiting a receiving conduit (30) adapted to accommodate the high voltage connector (14),
• an envelope (26), comprising:
  • a first partial envelope (34), and
  • a second partial envelope (36),

and defining:

• an uninstalled configuration, wherein the first partial shroud (34) and the second partial shroud (36) are disposed apart from the plurality of filter elements (24), and
• an installed configuration, wherein the first partial shroud (34) and the second partial shroud (36) are disposed around the plurality of filter elements (24), the first partial shroud (34) and the second partial shroud (36 ) enclosing together a reception volume (37) of the filtering elements (24),

characterized in that the first partial envelope (34) comprises at least a first passage orifice (38) and the second partial envelope (36) comprises at least a second passage orifice (39), the first passage orifice (38) being arranged facing the second passage orifice (39) when the casing (26) is in the installed configuration, the first (38) and second (39) passage orifices being adapted to be crossed by the high voltage connector (14) . An electromagnetic filter (16) according to claim 1, wherein the first partial envelope (34) and the second partial envelope (36) are of identical shape. An electromagnetic filter (16) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first partial envelope (34) and the second partial envelope (36) comprise:

• a side wall (40), in particular in the form of a half-cylinder, in particular a half-cylinder with a section of an arc of a circle;

and in which:

• at least one of the first partial envelope (34) and the second partial envelope (36) comprises a first end wall (42), disposed at a first end of the associated side wall (40), and delimiting the one of the passage orifices (38, 39), and
• at least the other of the first partial envelope (34) and of the second partial envelope (36) comprises a first receiving region (44), disposed at a second end of the associated side wall (40), and being adapted to receive the first end wall (42) of the at least one of the first partial envelope (34) and the second partial envelope (36).

An electromagnetic filter (16) according to claim 3, wherein:

• the other of the first partial envelope (34) and of the second partial envelope (36) comprises a second end wall (46) adjacent to the first reception region (44), and delimiting the other of the orifices of pass (38, 39);
• one of the first partial envelope (34) and the second partial envelope (36) includes a second receiving region (48) adjacent to the first end wall (42), and being adapted to receive the second wall end (46) of the at least the other of the first partial envelope (34) and of the second partial envelope (36).

An electromagnetic filter (16) according to any preceding claim, wherein the electromagnetic filter (16) comprises, when the enclosure (26) is in its installed configuration, a filler block (28), enclosing the plurality of filtering elements (24) and filling the reception volume (37), the filling block (28) being formed by the solidification of a filling liquid. Electromagnetic filter (16) according to one of the preceding claims, in which each filtering element (24) comprises a matrix in which iron-based nanocrystals are housed, in particular each filtering element (24) is formed by a winding of a ribbon of the matrix and iron-based nanocrystals. High voltage electrical device (12) comprising:

• a high voltage connector (14), and
• an electromagnetic filter (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 6,

the high voltage connector (14) passing through the electromagnetic filter (16), the high voltage connector (14) being accommodated in the receiving conduit (30) of each filtering element (24) and being accommodated in each first through hole (38) and in each second passage orifice (39). A high voltage electrical device (12) according to claim 7, wherein the device comprises a support (20) adapted to be connected to a high voltage unit (18) arranged on the body (13) of a vehicle (10), the support comprising an insulator or a surge arrester, which device also comprises a secondary high voltage unit (19) electrically connected to the high voltage unit (18) via the high voltage connector (14). A vehicle (10) comprising a high voltage electrical device (12) according to any one of claims 7 to 8. A method of installing an electromagnetic filter (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 around a high voltage connector (14), the method comprising the following steps:

• supply of the high voltage connector (14) and of the electromagnetic filter (16), the envelope (26) of the electromagnetic filter (16) being supplied in its uninstalled configuration,
• positioning the shroud (26) in its installed configuration by bringing the first partial shroud (34) and the second partial shroud (36) around the plurality of filter elements (24), and
• installation of the high voltage connector (14) in the electromagnetic filter (16) by inserting the connector (14) through the receiving duct (30) of each filtering element (24) and through each first through hole ( 38) and each second passage orifice (39).