FR3115240A1 - GEARBOX COMPRISING AN ELECTRIC DRIVE MACHINE - Google Patents
GEARBOX COMPRISING AN ELECTRIC DRIVE MACHINE Download PDFInfo
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- FR3115240A1 FR3115240A1 FR2010730A FR2010730A FR3115240A1 FR 3115240 A1 FR3115240 A1 FR 3115240A1 FR 2010730 A FR2010730 A FR 2010730A FR 2010730 A FR2010730 A FR 2010730A FR 3115240 A1 FR3115240 A1 FR 3115240A1
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- primary shaft
- electric machine
- shaft
- gearbox
- combustion engine
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
- B60K6/405—Housings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
- B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K2006/541—Transmission for changing ratio without reverse ratio using instead electric reversing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Boîte de vitesses hybride à trains d’engrenage, comprenant : - un premier arbre primaire (1) et un deuxième arbre primaire (2) concentrique au premier arbre primaire (1), - une première machine électrique (11) couplée en permanence au premier arbre primaire (1), - une deuxième machine électrique (22) dimensionnée pour une puissance maximale supérieure à la première machine électrique (11) et couplée en permanence au deuxième arbre primaire (2), le premier arbre primaire (1) comprenant une première extrémité (3) destinée à être couplée à un vilebrequin d’un moteur à combustion, et la deuxième machine électrique (22) comprenant un rotor (5) concentrique au premier arbre primaire (1), ce rotor (5) étant positionné du côté de la première extrémité (3). Figure 1.Hybrid gearbox with gear trains, comprising: - a first primary shaft (1) and a second primary shaft (2) concentric with the first primary shaft (1), - a first electric machine (11) permanently coupled to the first primary shaft (1), - a second electric machine (22) sized for a maximum power greater than the first electric machine (11) and permanently coupled to the second primary shaft (2), the first primary shaft (1) comprising a first end (3) intended to be coupled to a crankshaft of a combustion engine, and the second electric machine (22) comprising a rotor (5) concentric with the first primary shaft (1), this rotor (5) being positioned on the side from the first end (3). Figure 1.
Description
L’invention concerne une boîte de vitesses hybride, et notamment un véhicule à propulsion hybride comprenant une telle boîte de vitesses.The invention relates to a hybrid gearbox, and in particular to a hybrid propulsion vehicle comprising such a gearbox.
On comprendra par boîte de vitesses hybride, dans tout le texte de ce document, une boîte de vitesses comprenant :
- un moyen de couplage à un moteur à combustion et
- au moins une machine motrice électrique couplée à l’un des arbres de la boîte de vitesses.Throughout the text of this document, a hybrid gearbox will be understood to mean a gearbox comprising:
- a means of coupling to a combustion engine and
- at least one electric drive machine coupled to one of the shafts of the gearbox.
Il existe différentes architectures de boites de vitesses hybrides, notamment comprenant deux machines électriques. Ces solutions sont avantageuses car elles permettent de diminuer les émissions polluantes du moteur à combustion, et sont intéressantes en terme de coût lorsqu’elles sont associées à un moteur à combustion ayant un faible couple, comme les moteurs à combustion atmosphériques.There are different architectures of hybrid gearboxes, in particular comprising two electric machines. These solutions are advantageous because they make it possible to reduce the polluting emissions of the combustion engine, and are advantageous in terms of cost when they are associated with a combustion engine having a low torque, such as atmospheric combustion engines.
Par exemple, la partie mécanique de la boite de vitesses hybride est un simple train épicycloïdal, mais l’agrément et la consommation de carburant sur autoroute ne sont pas satisfaisantes.For example, the mechanical part of the hybrid gearbox is a simple planetary gear train, but driving pleasure and fuel consumption on the highway are not satisfactory.
On connait du document de brevet EP-A1-3160786 une boîte de vitesses hybride à rapports discrets comprenant deux machines électriques :
- une première machine électrique est couplée au moteur à combustion et se charge de la génération de courant, du redémarrage moteur à combustion, et de la synchronisation des arbres de la boîte de vitesses avec le moteur à combustion pour les changements de rapports,
- une deuxième machine électrique est couplée aux roues et assure la traction du véhicule en mode de roulage entièrement électrique, le décollage du véhicule en marche avant et en marche arrière, et fourni du couple à la roue lorsque le moteur à combustion change de rapports pour éviter une rupture de couple.
Il n’y a pas d’embrayage ni de synchronisateurs, la première machine électrique assurant la synchronisation des rapports en venant aligner le régime du moteur à combustion à celui de la boîte de vitesses. Le moteur à combustion bénéficie de 4 rapports de réduction, et la deuxième machine électrique de 2 rapports de réduction.We know from patent document EP-A1-3160786 a hybrid gearbox with discrete ratios comprising two electric machines:
- a first electrical machine is coupled to the combustion engine and is responsible for generating current, restarting the combustion engine, and synchronizing the shafts of the gearbox with the combustion engine for gear changes,
- a second electric machine is coupled to the wheels and ensures the traction of the vehicle in fully electric driving mode, the take-off of the vehicle in forward and reverse gear, and provides torque to the wheel when the combustion engine changes gears to avoid a relationship breakdown.
There is no clutch or synchronizers, the first electric machine ensuring the synchronization of the reports by aligning the speed of the combustion engine to that of the gearbox. The combustion engine has 4 reduction ratios, and the second electric machine has 2 reduction ratios.
Malheureusement l’architecture présentée est encombrante, notamment du fait que la deuxième machine électrique est à une extrémité de la boîte opposée à celle couplée au moteur à combustion.Unfortunately, the architecture presented is cumbersome, in particular because the second electric machine is at one end of the box opposite to that coupled to the combustion engine.
Le but de l’invention est de diminuer l’encombrement d’une telle boîte de vitesses.The object of the invention is to reduce the size of such a gearbox.
A cet effet, l’invention a pour objet une boîte de vitesses hybride à trains d’engrenage, comprenant :
- un premier arbre primaire et un deuxième arbre primaire concentrique au premier arbre primaire,
- une première machine électrique couplée en permanence au premier arbre primaire,
- une deuxième machine électrique dimensionnée pour une puissance maximale supérieure à la première machine électrique et couplée en permanence au deuxième arbre primaire,
le premier arbre primaire comprenant une première extrémité destinée à être couplée à un vilebrequin d’un moteur à combustion, et la deuxième machine électrique comprenant un rotor concentrique au premier arbre primaire tel que ce rotor est positionné du côté de la première extrémité.To this end, the subject of the invention is a hybrid gearbox with gear trains, comprising:
- a first primary shaft and a second primary shaft concentric with the first primary shaft,
- a first electrical machine permanently coupled to the first primary shaft,
- a second electric machine sized for a maximum power greater than the first electric machine and permanently coupled to the second primary shaft,
the first primary shaft comprising a first end intended to be coupled to a crankshaft of a combustion engine, and the second electric machine comprising a rotor concentric with the first primary shaft such that this rotor is positioned on the side of the first end.
Ainsi cette deuxième machine électrique peut être agencée autour du moteur à combustion, ou de l’un des éléments du moteur à combustion, diminuant ainsi l’encombrement de la boîte de vitesses selon l’axe du premier arbre primaire.Thus this second electric machine can be arranged around the combustion engine, or one of the elements of the combustion engine, thus reducing the size of the gearbox along the axis of the first primary shaft.
On comprendra par arbre primaire dans tout le texte de ce document, un arbre de la boîte de vitesses recevant un couple d’un ou plusieurs moteurs, par exemple à combustion ou électriques, avant que ce couple ne soit redistribué à un arbre secondaire via les différents trains d’engrenage correspondants aux différentes vitesses de la boîte. Le terme « avant » se comprendra par rapport à un sens de distribution de ce couple de la machine vers l’arbre secondaire.The term primary shaft will be understood throughout the text of this document to mean a shaft of the gearbox receiving a torque from one or more motors, for example combustion or electric, before this torque is redistributed to a secondary shaft via the different gear trains corresponding to the different speeds of the box. The term "front" will be understood in relation to a direction of distribution of this torque from the machine to the secondary shaft.
On comprendra par couplage en permanence, dans tout le texte de ce document, une transmission de couple qui ne peut être interrompue. Par exemple, ce couplage permanant est réalisé par un moyen de couplage dépourvu de dispositif de découplage, par exemple sans embrayage, sans crabot. Ce moyen de couplage est par exemple un train de deux pignons fixes, ou une liaison cannelée ou soudée ou frittée ou vissée ou rivetée de pièces tournant autour d’un même axe.It will be understood by permanent coupling, throughout the text of this document, a transmission of torque which cannot be interrupted. For example, this permanent coupling is achieved by a coupling means devoid of a decoupling device, for example without a clutch, without a dog clutch. This coupling means is for example a set of two fixed gears, or a splined or welded or sintered or screwed or riveted connection of parts rotating around the same axis.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, le deuxième arbre primaire est un arbre creux dans lequel tourne coaxialement le premier arbre primaire.According to one embodiment of the invention, the second primary shaft is a hollow shaft in which the first primary shaft rotates coaxially.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la deuxième machine électrique est une machine motrice.According to one embodiment of the invention, the second electric machine is a driving machine.
On comprendra par machine motrice, dans tout le texte de ce document, une machine apte à transmettre une puissance suffisante à l’un des arbres primaires pour que l’arbre secondaire puisse entrainer l’organe auquel il est raccordé, par exemple le différentiel d’un train de roues d’un véhicule. Par exemple, le maximum de cette puissance est supérieur ou égale à 30 KW, notamment supérieur à 35 KW, ou encore 80 KW voire 100 KW. Par exemple, cette puissance maximale ne sera pas inférieure à 20 KW.It will be understood by driving machine, throughout the text of this document, a machine capable of transmitting sufficient power to one of the primary shafts so that the secondary shaft can drive the component to which it is connected, for example the differential of an undercarriage of a vehicle. For example, the maximum of this power is greater than or equal to 30 KW, in particular greater than 35 KW, or even 80 KW or even 100 KW. For example, this maximum power will not be less than 20 KW.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, la première machine électrique est une génératrice réversible apte à redémarrer le moteur à combustion.According to one embodiment of the invention, the first electric machine is a reversible generator capable of restarting the combustion engine.
Par exemple la puissance maximale de la première machine électrique est inférieure à 35 KW, notamment 30 KW voire 20 KW. Par exemple cette puissance maximale de la première machine électrique ne sera pas inférieure à 3 KW.For example, the maximum power of the first electric machine is less than 35 KW, in particular 30 KW or even 20 KW. For example, this maximum power of the first electric machine will not be less than 3 KW.
Par exemple, en variante, la première machine électrique a sa puissance maximale entre 2 à 7 fois inférieure à la puissance maximale de la deuxième machine électrique.For example, as a variant, the first electric machine has its maximum power between 2 and 7 times lower than the maximum power of the second electric machine.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, cette boîte comprend :
- un arbre secondaire,
- un ensemble de premiers trains d’engrenage crabotables et un ensemble de deuxièmes trains d’engrenage crabotables couplant l’arbre secondaire respectivement au premier et deuxième arbre primaire,
et le deuxième arbre primaire comprend deux pignons fixes de deux deuxièmes trains d’engrenage.According to one embodiment of the invention, this box comprises:
- a secondary shaft,
- a set of first clutchable gear trains and a set of second clutchable gear trains coupling the secondary shaft respectively to the first and second primary shaft,
and the second primary shaft comprises two fixed gears of two second gear trains.
Selon une première variante de réalisation de l’invention, le premier arbre primaire comprend quatre pignons fous de quatre premiers trains d’engrenage.According to a first variant embodiment of the invention, the first primary shaft comprises four idler gears of four first gear trains.
Selon une deuxième variante de réalisation de l’invention, le premier arbre primaire comprend deux pignons fous et deux pignons fixes de quatre premiers trains d’engrenage.According to a second variant embodiment of the invention, the first primary shaft comprises two idler gears and two fixed gears of four first gear trains.
On comprendra par pignon fixe, dans tout le texte de ce document, un pignon qui ne peut pas tourner par rapport à l’arbre qui le porte. Au contraire, un pignon fou est un pignon tournant par rapport à l’arbre qui le porte, et éventuellement crabotable à cet arbre.A fixed gear will be understood throughout the text of this document as a gear that cannot rotate relative to the shaft that carries it. On the contrary, an idler gear is a rotating gear relative to the shaft which carries it, and possibly doggable to this shaft.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, le rotor comprend un évidement apte à loger un élément du moteur à combustion.According to one embodiment of the invention, the rotor comprises a recess capable of housing an element of the combustion engine.
L’invention a également pour objet un groupe motopropulseur comprenant un moteur à combustion et une boîte de vitesses hybride telle que précédemment décrite, le moteur à combustion étant couplé de façon permanente à la première extrémité.The invention also relates to a powertrain comprising a combustion engine and a hybrid gearbox as previously described, the combustion engine being permanently coupled to the first end.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention, le moteur à combustion comprend un élément de filtration des acyclismes de combustion, l’évidement logeant en partie l’élément de filtration.According to one embodiment of the invention, the combustion engine comprises an element for filtering combustion acyclics, the recess partly housing the filter element.
D’autres particularités et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description ci-après d’un mode particulier de réalisation, non limitatif de l’invention, faite en référence aux figures dans lesquelles :Other features and advantages will appear on reading the description below of a particular, non-limiting embodiment of the invention, made with reference to the figures in which:
Il est à garder à l’esprit que les figures sont données à titre d'exemples et ne sont pas limitatives de l’invention. Elles constituent des représentations schématiques de principe destinées à faciliter la compréhension de l’invention et ne sont pas nécessairement à l'échelle des applications pratiques. En outre, dans ce qui va suivre, il est fait référence à toutes les figures prises en combinaison. Quand il est fait référence à une ou des figures spécifiques, ces figures sont à prendre en combinaison avec les autres figures pour la reconnaissance des références numériques désignées. Les références des éléments inchangés ou ayant la même fonction sont communes à toutes les figures, et les variantes de réalisation.It should be borne in mind that the figures are given by way of examples and do not limit the invention. They constitute schematic representations of principle intended to facilitate understanding of the invention and are not necessarily at the scale of practical applications. Furthermore, in what follows, reference is made to all the figures taken in combination. When reference is made to a specific figure or figures, these figures are to be taken in combination with the other figures for the recognition of the designated reference numerals. The references of the unchanged elements or having the same function are common to all the figures, and the variant embodiments.
Les figures divulguent une boîte de vitesses hybride à trains d’engrenage 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, comprenant :
- un premier arbre primaire 1 et un deuxième arbre primaire 2 concentrique au premier arbre primaire 1,
- une première machine électrique 11 couplée en permanence au premier arbre primaire 1,
- une deuxième machine électrique 22 dimensionnée pour une puissance maximale supérieure à la première machine électrique 11 et couplée en permanence au deuxième arbre primaire 2,
le premier arbre primaire 1 comprenant une première extrémité 3 destinée à être couplée à un vilebrequin d’un moteur à combustion, et la deuxième machine électrique 22 comprenant un rotor 5 concentrique au premier arbre primaire 1.The figures disclose a hybrid gearbox with gear trains 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, comprising:
- a first primary shaft 1 and a second primary shaft 2 concentric with the first primary shaft 1,
- a first electric machine 11 permanently coupled to the first primary shaft 1,
- a second electric machine 22 sized for a maximum power greater than the first electric machine 11 and permanently coupled to the second primary shaft 2,
the first primary shaft 1 comprising a first end 3 intended to be coupled to a crankshaft of a combustion engine, and the second electric machine 22 comprising a rotor 5 concentric with the first primary shaft 1.
Ce rotor 5 est positionné du côté de la première extrémité 3.This rotor 5 is positioned on the side of the first end 3.
Ce rotor 5 est par exemple solidarisé au deuxième arbre primaire 2 de sorte à réaliser l’accouplement permanant de la deuxième machine motrice 22 au deuxième arbre primaire 2.This rotor 5 is for example secured to the second primary shaft 2 so as to achieve the permanent coupling of the second driving machine 22 to the second primary shaft 2.
La boîte de vitesses comprend un carter 4 délimitant un espace interne contenant les trains d’engrenage 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13. La première extrémité 3 est par exemple une partie du premier arbre primaire 1 sortant de cet espace interne. Cette première extrémité 3 traverse le rotor 5.The gearbox comprises a casing 4 delimiting an internal space containing the gear trains 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13. The first end 3 is for example a part of the first primary shaft 1 exiting from this internal space. This first end 3 passes through the rotor 5.
Ce carter 4 comprend en outre une interface de fixation 19 apte à fixer la boîte de vitesses à un carter du moteur à combustion. Cette interface de fixation 19 est par exemple porté par une paroi 20 issue du carter 4 se prolongeant jusqu’au carter du moteur à combustion. En variante, cette interface 19 est un carter rapporté. Cette paroi 20 forme par exemple une cloche.This casing 4 further comprises a fixing interface 19 capable of fixing the gearbox to a casing of the combustion engine. This fixing interface 19 is for example carried by a wall 20 coming from the casing 4 extending to the casing of the combustion engine. As a variant, this interface 19 is an attached casing. This wall 20 forms for example a bell.
Les stators des premières et deuxièmes machines électriques sont fixés sur ce carter 4 de la boîte de vitesses. Par exemple, le stator de la deuxième machine 22 est fixé à l’intérieur de la cloche, sur la paroi 20. Par exemple, le stator de la première machine 11 est fixé sur le carter 4 dans l’espace interne. Par exemple, le stator de la première machine 11 est fixé sur le carter 4 à l’extérieur de l’espace interne.The stators of the first and second electric machines are fixed on this casing 4 of the gearbox. For example, the stator of the second machine 22 is fixed inside the bell, on the wall 20. For example, the stator of the first machine 11 is fixed on the casing 4 in the internal space. For example, the stator of the first machine 11 is fixed on the casing 4 outside the internal space.
Le deuxième arbre primaire 2 est un arbre creux dans lequel tourne coaxialement le premier arbre primaire 1.The second primary shaft 2 is a hollow shaft in which the first primary shaft 1 rotates coaxially.
Par exemple la boîte de vitesses comprend deux roulements a aiguilles insérés entre le premier arbre primaire 1 et le deuxième arbre primaire 2. Ainsi le premier arbre primaire 1 guide en rotation le deuxième arbre primaire 2. Les deux roulements à aiguilles forment ainsi deux paliers pour le deuxième arbre primaire 2. Ce deuxième arbre primaire 2 comprend une deuxième extrémité du même côté que la première extrémité 3, cette deuxième extrémité sortant de l’espace interne en traversant la paroi du carter 4, cette paroi comprenant un palier de guidage en rotation du deuxième arbre primaire 2, et qui, via l’un des deux roulements à aiguilles en vis-à-vis de ce palier de guidage, guide également en rotation le premier arbre primaire 1.For example, the gearbox comprises two needle bearings inserted between the first primary shaft 1 and the second primary shaft 2. Thus the first primary shaft 1 guides the second primary shaft 2 in rotation. The two needle bearings thus form two bearings for the second primary shaft 2. This second primary shaft 2 comprises a second end on the same side as the first end 3, this second end emerging from the internal space by crossing the wall of the casing 4, this wall comprising a rotation guide bearing of the second primary shaft 2, and which, via one of the two needle roller bearings facing this guide bearing, also guides the first primary shaft 1 in rotation.
La deuxième machine électrique 22 est une machine motrice, dont la puissance maximale est, par exemple, supérieure ou égale à 30 KW, notamment supérieur à 35 KW, ou encore 80 KW voire 100 KW.The second electric machine 22 is a driving machine, the maximum power of which is, for example, greater than or equal to 30 KW, in particular greater than 35 KW, or even 80 KW or even 100 KW.
Par exemple, cette puissance maximale ne sera pas inférieure à 20 KW.For example, this maximum power will not be less than 20 KW.
Cette deuxième machine électrique 22 est par exemple réversible et peut se transformer en génératrice, notamment pour une application pour un véhicule avec un système de freinage à récupération d’énergie cinétique.This second electric machine 22 is for example reversible and can be transformed into a generator, in particular for an application for a vehicle with a kinetic energy recovery braking system.
Cette deuxième machine électrique 22 est en outre apte à changer de sens de rotation, et peut donc entrainer le deuxième arbre primaire 2 en marche avant et en marche arrière, pour un véhicule automobile. Cette boîte de vitesses n’a donc pas besoin d’avoir un train d’engrenage spécifique pour inverser le sens de rotation d’un arbre primaire pour la marche arrière d’un véhicule, contrairement à une boîte de vitesses non hybride, c’est-à-dire ne comprenant pas de machines électriques et couplée à un unique moteur à combustion.This second electric machine 22 is also capable of changing the direction of rotation, and can therefore drive the second primary shaft 2 in forward and reverse gear, for a motor vehicle. This gearbox therefore does not need to have a specific gear train to reverse the direction of rotation of a primary shaft for the reverse gear of a vehicle, unlike a non-hybrid gearbox, it that is to say not comprising any electrical machinery and coupled to a single combustion engine.
La première machine électrique 11 est une génératrice réversible apte à redémarrer le moteur à combustion. Par exemple la puissance maximale de la première machine électrique 11 est inférieure à 35 KW, notamment 30 KW voire 20 KW.The first electric machine 11 is a reversible generator capable of restarting the combustion engine. For example, the maximum power of the first electric machine 11 is less than 35 KW, in particular 30 KW or even 20 KW.
Par exemple cette puissance maximale de la première machine électrique ne sera pas inférieure à 3 KW.For example, this maximum power of the first electric machine will not be less than 3 KW.
Par exemple, en variante, la première machine électrique 11 a sa puissance maximale entre 2 à 7 fois inférieure à la puissance maximale de la deuxième machine électrique 22.For example, as a variant, the first electric machine 11 has its maximum power between 2 to 7 times lower than the maximum power of the second electric machine 22.
La boîte de vitesses comprend :
- un arbre secondaire 6,
- un ensemble de premiers trains d’engrenage crabotables 7, 8, 9, 10 et ensemble de deuxièmes trains d’engrenage crabotables 12, 13, couplant l’arbre secondaire 6 respectivement au premier 1 et deuxième 2 arbre primaire.The gearbox includes:
- a secondary shaft 6,
- A set of first clutchable gear trains 7, 8, 9, 10 and set of second clutchable gear trains 12, 13, coupling the secondary shaft 6 respectively to the first 1 and second 2 primary shaft.
On notera que les première et deuxième machines électriques 11, 22, sont couplées chacune à un arbre primaire distinct. Ainsi ces machines électriques 11, 12, sont aptes à synchroniser la vitesse de rotation de l’un et l’autre des deux arbres primaires 1, 2 avec la vitesse en rotation de l’arbre secondaire 6. Ainsi un simple crabot suffit pour engager une vitesse de la boîte de vitesses, c’est-à-dire craboter l’un des trains de la série de premiers 7, 8, 9, 10 ou deuxièmes 12, 13 trains d’engrenage. Avantageusement, cette boîte de vitesses n’aura donc pas de moyens de synchronisation autre que le pilotage de la première et deuxième machine électrique 11, 22, et donc pas de cône de synchronisation, ni d’embrayage de synchronisation.It will be noted that the first and second electrical machines 11, 22 are each coupled to a separate primary shaft. Thus these electric machines 11, 12 are capable of synchronizing the speed of rotation of one and the other of the two primary shafts 1, 2 with the speed of rotation of the secondary shaft 6. Thus a simple dog clutch is sufficient to engage a speed of the gearbox, that is to say to clutch one of the trains of the series of first 7, 8, 9, 10 or second 12, 13 gear trains. Advantageously, this gearbox will therefore have no synchronization means other than the control of the first and second electric machine 11, 22, and therefore no synchronization cone, nor synchronization clutch.
Comme explicité précédemment, cette boîte de vitesses n’a pas de train d’engrenage spécifique pour inverser le sens de rotation d’un arbre primaire pour la marche arrière d’un véhicule. Ses trains d’engrenage 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 correspondent donc chacun à un rapport de marche avant du véhicule, la marche arrière étant réalisée par l’inversion du sens de rotation de la deuxième machine motrice 22.As explained above, this gearbox does not have a specific gear train to reverse the direction of rotation of a primary shaft for the reverse gear of a vehicle. Its gear trains 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 therefore each correspond to a forward gear of the vehicle, the reverse gear being achieved by reversing the direction of rotation of the second driving machine 22.
Cette boîte de vitesses illustrée sur les figures 1 et 2, comprend :
- quatre vitesses dites « vitesses du moteur thermique » correspondant à quatre premiers trains 7, 8, 9, 10, ces trains 7, 8, 9, 10 transmettant un couple moteur du premier arbre primaire 1 à l’arbre secondaire 6 selon qu’ils sont crabotés ou décrabotés,
- et deux vitesses dites « vitesses électriques » correspondant aux deux deuxièmes trains 12, 13, ces trains 12, 13 transmettant le couple moteur du deuxième arbre primaire 2 à l’arbre secondaire 6 selon qu’ils sont crabotés ou décrabotés.This gearbox illustrated in figures 1 and 2, comprises:
- four speeds called "heat engine speeds" corresponding to four first trains 7, 8, 9, 10, these trains 7, 8, 9, 10 transmitting a motor torque from the first primary shaft 1 to the secondary shaft 6 depending on whether they are clutched or unclutched,
- And two speeds called "electric speeds" corresponding to the two second trains 12, 13, these trains 12, 13 transmitting the engine torque of the second primary shaft 2 to the secondary shaft 6 depending on whether they are clutched or clutched.
On notera que parmi l’ensemble des premiers trains 7, 8, 9, 10, un seul train à la fois sera craboté. On notera également que parmi l’ensemble des deuxièmes trains 12, 13, un seul train à la fois sera craboté.Note that among all the first trains 7, 8, 9, 10, only one train at a time will be dogged. It will also be noted that among all the second trains 12, 13, only one train at a time will be dogged.
Cependant, il est avantageux de craboter un des premiers trains 7, 8, 9, 10 en même temps que l’un des deuxièmes trains 12, 13, ceci permettant de transmettre à l’arbre secondaire 6 le couple issu de la deuxième machine électrique 22 en plus du couple issu du moteur à combustion.However, it is advantageous to dog clutch one of the first trains 7, 8, 9, 10 at the same time as one of the second trains 12, 13, this making it possible to transmit to the secondary shaft 6 the torque from the second electric machine. 22 in addition to the torque from the combustion engine.
Mais d’autres architectures plus simples sont envisageables. Par exemple, on peut envisager un unique premier train, qui est craboté uniquement lorsque le véhicule roule au-delà d’un seuil de vitesse, par exemple 50 Km/h, ou encore 70 Km/h. Cet unique premier train peut être envisagé en combinaison avec les deux deuxièmes trains 12, 13, la deuxième machine électrique 22 entrainant le véhicule sur une plage de vitesses plus grande, partant de 0 Km/h.But other simpler architectures are possible. For example, a single first train can be envisaged, which is dogged only when the vehicle is traveling beyond a speed threshold, for example 50 km/h, or even 70 km/h. This single first train can be envisaged in combination with the two second trains 12, 13, the second electric machine 22 driving the vehicle over a greater range of speeds, starting from 0 km/h.
Chaque premier ou deuxième train d’engrenage comprend un pignon fixe sur un arbre primaire 1, 2 ou l’arbre secondaire 6, et respectivement engrené par un pignon fou crabotable sur l’arbre secondaire 6 ou un arbre primaire 1, 2. La boîte de vitesses comprend donc des moyens de crabotages pour craboter ces premiers et deuxièmes trains, connus de l’homme du métier : par exemple chaque pignon fou comprend une couronne dentée sur un côté, le moyen de crabotage étant une bague intérieurement cannelée et coulissant en prise sur une cannelure de l’arbre qui lui est associé et qui porte le pignon fou, cette bague venant en prise avec la couronne dentée lorsqu’elle est dans une position extrême.Each first or second gear train comprises a pinion fixed on a primary shaft 1, 2 or the secondary shaft 6, and respectively meshed by a clutchable idler gear on the secondary shaft 6 or a primary shaft 1, 2. The gearbox therefore comprises dog clutch means for dog clutching these first and second trains, known to those skilled in the art: for example each idler gear comprises a ring gear on one side, the dog clutch means being an internally splined ring sliding in engagement on a spline of the shaft which is associated with it and which carries the idler gear, this ring engaging with the ring gear when it is in an extreme position.
Sur les exemples illustrés, le deuxième arbre primaire 2 comprend deux pignons fixes 14, 15 de deux deuxièmes trains 12, 13 d’engrenage. Ces deux pignons fixes 14, 15 sont donc associés (engrenés) chacun à un pignon fou porté par l’arbre secondaire 6.In the examples illustrated, the second primary shaft 2 comprises two fixed gears 14, 15 of two second gear trains 12, 13. These two fixed gears 14, 15 are therefore associated (mesh) each with an idler gear carried by the secondary shaft 6.
La figure 1 illustre une première variante, le premier arbre primaire 1 comprenant quatre pignons fous de quatre premiers trains d’engrenage 7, 8, 9, 10. Ainsi ces quatre pignons fous sont associés chacun à un pignon fixe porté par l’arbre secondaire 6.Figure 1 illustrates a first variant, the first primary shaft 1 comprising four idler gears of four first gear trains 7, 8, 9, 10. Thus these four idler gears are each associated with a fixed gear carried by the secondary shaft 6.
La figure 2 illustre une deuxième variante, le premier arbre primaire 1 comprenant deux pignons fous et deux pignons fixes de quatre premiers trains d’engrenage 7, 8, 9, 10. Ainsi ces deux pignons fous portés par l’arbre primaire 1 sont associés chacun à un pignon fixe porté par l’arbre secondaire 6, et les deux pignons fixes portés par l’arbre primaire 1 sont associés chacun à un pignon fou porté par l’arbre secondaire 6.Figure 2 illustrates a second variant, the first primary shaft 1 comprising two idler gears and two fixed gears of four first gear trains 7, 8, 9, 10. Thus these two idler gears carried by the primary shaft 1 are associated each has a fixed gear carried by the secondary shaft 6, and the two fixed gears carried by the primary shaft 1 are each associated with an idler gear carried by the secondary shaft 6.
Avantageusement, chaque train des premiers trains aura un rapport de réduction ou de démultiplication distinct des autres. De même pour les deuxièmes trains.Advantageously, each train of the first trains will have a reduction or reduction ratio distinct from the others. Likewise for the second trains.
Cette boîte de vitesses comprend en outre un train d’engrenage supplémentaire 21, réalisant le couplage permanant entre la première machine électrique 11 et le premier arbre primaire 1. Ce train supplémentaire 21 comprend un premier pignon fixe par rapport à un arbre de sortie de la première machine électrique 11, par exemple l’arbre de son rotor, et un deuxième pignon fixe par rapport au premier arbre primaire 1, engrené en permanence par le premier pignon fixe. Ce train supplémentaire 21 est par exemple disposé au centre du premier arbre primaire 1, mais ce n’est pas obligatoire. Comme l’illustre la figure 1, ce train supplémentaire 21 est par exemple disposé entre l’ensemble des premiers trains 7, 8, 9, 10 et l’ensemble des deuxièmes trains 12, 13. Mais en variante, et comme illustré sur la figure 2, le deuxième pignon fixe peut être en commun avec l’un des premiers trains 7, 8, 9, 10, notamment le train 10 le plus proche du deuxième arbre primaire 2. Ainsi, ce deuxième pignon fixe est également le pignon fixe de l’un des premiers trains, notamment le train 10.This gearbox further comprises an additional gear train 21, carrying out the permanent coupling between the first electric machine 11 and the first primary shaft 1. This additional train 21 comprises a first pinion fixed with respect to an output shaft of the first electric machine 11, for example the shaft of its rotor, and a second pinion fixed with respect to the first primary shaft 1, permanently meshed by the first fixed pinion. This additional train 21 is for example arranged in the center of the first primary shaft 1, but this is not mandatory. As illustrated in Figure 1, this additional train 21 is for example arranged between the set of first trains 7, 8, 9, 10 and the set of second trains 12, 13. But as a variant, and as illustrated in Figure 2, the second fixed gear can be in common with one of the first trains 7, 8, 9, 10, in particular the train 10 closest to the second primary shaft 2. Thus, this second fixed gear is also the fixed gear of one of the first trains, in particular train 10.
Le rotor de la première machine électrique 11 forme un axe X11. Le premier arbre primaire 1 et le deuxième arbre primaire 2 forment un axe commun X12. L’arbre secondaire 6 forme un axe XS. Ces trois axes X11, X12, XS sont parallèles.The rotor of the first electric machine 11 forms an axis X11. The first primary shaft 1 and the second primary shaft 2 form a common axis X12. The secondary shaft 6 forms an XS axis. These three axes X11, X12, XS are parallel.
La boîte de vitesse comprend par exemple un différentiel 23 comprenant une grande couronne tournant autour d’un axe XD, cette grande couronne étant elle-même engrenée par un pignon fixe de différentiel solidaire de l’arbre secondaire 6. Cet axe XD est également parallèle aux axes X11, X12, XS, mais ce n’est pas obligatoire.The gearbox comprises, for example, a differential 23 comprising a large ring gear rotating around an axis XD, this large ring gear itself being meshed by a fixed differential gear secured to the secondary shaft 6. This axis XD is also parallel to axes X11, X12, XS, but this is not mandatory.
Selon l’invention, le rotor 5 comprend un évidement 18 apte à loger un élément du moteur à combustion.According to the invention, the rotor 5 comprises a recess 18 capable of housing an element of the combustion engine.
Cette invention s’applique avantageusement à un groupe motopropulseur comprenant le moteur à combustion, et comprenant la boîte de vitesses hybride telle que précédemment décrite.This invention advantageously applies to a powertrain comprising the combustion engine, and comprising the hybrid gearbox as previously described.
Le moteur à combustion est couplé de façon permanente à la première extrémité 3.The combustion engine is permanently coupled to the first end 3.
En effet, cette architecture de boîte de vitesses hybride permet de supprimer l’embrayage habituellement utilisé entre un moteur à combustion et sa boîte de vitesses : pour découpler le moteur à combustion de l’arbre secondaire 6, il suffit que les premiers trains 7, 8, 9, 10 ne soient pas crabotés, la première machine électrique 11 peut alors démarrer le moteur à combustion. Le décollage du véhicule se fait en outre par crabotage de l’un des deuxièmes trains 12, 13 et l’action de la deuxième machine électrique 22. Une fois le véhicule décollé au-dessus d’une vitesse seuil, par exemple 10 Km/h, la synchronisation du premier arbre primaire 1 avec le second arbre primaire 2 sera toujours possible par l’action en combinaison ou séparément de la première machine électrique 11 et du moteur à combustion, il est alors possible de craboter l’un des premiers trains 7, 8, 9, 10 et donc de coupler le moteur thermique à l’arbre secondaire 6 sans utiliser d’embrayage.Indeed, this hybrid gearbox architecture makes it possible to eliminate the clutch usually used between a combustion engine and its gearbox: to decouple the combustion engine from the secondary shaft 6, it suffices that the first trains 7, 8, 9, 10 are not clutched, the first electric machine 11 can then start the combustion engine. The take-off of the vehicle is also done by interconnection of one of the second trains 12, 13 and the action of the second electric machine 22. Once the vehicle has taken off above a threshold speed, for example 10 km/ h, the synchronization of the first primary shaft 1 with the second primary shaft 2 will always be possible by the action in combination or separately of the first electric machine 11 and the combustion engine, it is then possible to dog clutch one of the first trains 7, 8, 9, 10 and therefore to couple the thermal engine to the secondary shaft 6 without using a clutch.
Le moteur à combustion comprend un élément de filtration des acyclismes de combustion 16, 17. Cet élément comprend par exemple un volant moteur à inertie16 centré sur l’axe X12, et un amortisseur d’oscillations radiales 17 de type ressort également centré sur l’axe X12 et dont une bague interne cannelée est en prise permanente avec une cannelure correspondante sur la première extrémité 3.The combustion engine comprises a combustion acyclism filtration element 16, 17. This element comprises for example an inertia flywheel 16 centered on the axis X12, and a radial oscillation damper 17 of the spring type also centered on the axis X12 and of which a splined internal ring is in permanent engagement with a corresponding spline on the first end 3.
L’évidement 18 loge en partie l’élément de filtration 16, 17, notamment l’amortisseur d’oscillations radiales 17. Ce rotor 5 comprend par exemple un moyeu autour duquel sont disposés des aimants permanents ou des bobinages selon la technologie de la deuxième machine électrique 22, le moyeu formant une cloche, et le creux de la cloche le logement 18.The recess 18 partially houses the filtration element 16, 17, in particular the radial oscillation damper 17. This rotor 5 comprises for example a hub around which are arranged permanent magnets or windings according to the technology of the second electric machine 22, the hub forming a bell, and the hollow of the bell housing 18.
Ainsi, on peut constater que cette boîte de vitesse hybride peut être conçue à partir de l’architecture d’une boîte de vitesses manuelle à trains d’engrenage et arbres parallèles, sans grandes modifications : L’arbre intermédiaire de marche arrière est physiquement remplacé par la première machine électrique 11, la deuxième machine électrique 22 est insérée à la place de l’embrayage, et le deuxième arbre primaire 2 creux et rajouté en chaussant le premier arbre primaire 1. Cette nouvelle architecture permet de concevoir une boîte de vitesses hybride compacte, à moindre coût, sans sacrifier aucune des fonctions d’une boîte de vitesses hybride.Thus, it can be seen that this hybrid gearbox can be designed using the architecture of a manual gearbox with gear trains and parallel shafts, without major modifications: The reverse intermediate shaft is physically replaced by the first electric machine 11, the second electric machine 22 is inserted in place of the clutch, and the second hollow primary shaft 2 is added by fitting the first primary shaft 1. This new architecture makes it possible to design a hybrid gearbox compact, at lower cost, without sacrificing any of the functions of a hybrid gearbox.
Claims (10)
- un premier arbre primaire (1) et un deuxième arbre primaire (2) concentrique au premier arbre primaire (1),
- une première machine électrique (11) couplée en permanence au premier arbre primaire (1),
- une deuxième machine électrique (22) dimensionnée pour une puissance maximale supérieure à la première machine électrique (11) et couplée en permanence au deuxième arbre primaire (2),
le premier arbre primaire (1) comprenant une première extrémité (3) destinée à être couplée à un vilebrequin d’un moteur à combustion, et la deuxième machine électrique (22) comprenant un rotor (5) concentrique au premier arbre primaire (1), caractérisé en ce que ce rotor (5) est positionné du côté de la première extrémité (3).Hybrid gearbox with gear trains, comprising:
- a first primary shaft (1) and a second primary shaft (2) concentric with the first primary shaft (1),
- a first electric machine (11) permanently coupled to the first primary shaft (1),
- a second electric machine (22) sized for a maximum power greater than the first electric machine (11) and permanently coupled to the second primary shaft (2),
the first primary shaft (1) comprising a first end (3) intended to be coupled to a crankshaft of a combustion engine, and the second electric machine (22) comprising a rotor (5) concentric with the first primary shaft (1) , characterized in that this rotor (5) is positioned on the side of the first end (3).
- un arbre secondaire (6),
- un ensemble de premiers trains d’engrenage crabotables ( 7, 8, 9, 10 ) et un ensemble de deuxièmes trains d’engrenage crabotables (12, 13) couplant l’arbre secondaire (6) respectivement au premier (1) et deuxième (2) arbre primaire,
caractérisée en ce que le deuxième arbre primaire (2) comprend deux pignons fixes (14, 15) de deux deuxièmes trains (12, 13) d’engrenage.Gearbox according to one of the preceding claims, this gearbox comprising:
- a secondary shaft (6),
- a set of first clutchable gear trains (7, 8, 9, 10) and a set of second clutchable gear trains (12, 13) coupling the secondary shaft (6) respectively to the first (1) and second (2) primary shaft,
characterized in that the second primary shaft (2) comprises two fixed pinions (14, 15) of two second gear trains (12, 13).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2010730A FR3115240B1 (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | GEARBOX COMPRISING AN ELECTRIC DRIVE MACHINE |
| PCT/FR2021/051561 WO2022084593A1 (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2021-09-14 | Gearbox comprising a driving electric machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2010730A FR3115240B1 (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | GEARBOX COMPRISING AN ELECTRIC DRIVE MACHINE |
| FR2010730 | 2020-10-20 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR3115240A1 true FR3115240A1 (en) | 2022-04-22 |
| FR3115240B1 FR3115240B1 (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2010730A Active FR3115240B1 (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | GEARBOX COMPRISING AN ELECTRIC DRIVE MACHINE |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR3115240B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022084593A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014207332A2 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Renault S.A.S | Hybrid transmission with an additional electric machine and control method |
| KR101510053B1 (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-04-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Power train for hybrid vehicle |
| EP3160786A1 (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2017-05-03 | Renault S.A.S. | Hybrid transmission with offset electric machine and method for controlling gear changes |
| EP3312478A1 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2018-04-25 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle shift control device |
| WO2020097885A1 (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Hybrid drive system and working method therefor, torque distribution method and gear shift control method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1765576A1 (en) | 1968-06-12 | 1971-07-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Pressurized membrane switch |
-
2020
- 2020-10-20 FR FR2010730A patent/FR3115240B1/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-09-14 WO PCT/FR2021/051561 patent/WO2022084593A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014207332A2 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Renault S.A.S | Hybrid transmission with an additional electric machine and control method |
| KR101510053B1 (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-04-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Power train for hybrid vehicle |
| EP3160786A1 (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2017-05-03 | Renault S.A.S. | Hybrid transmission with offset electric machine and method for controlling gear changes |
| EP3312478A1 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2018-04-25 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle shift control device |
| WO2020097885A1 (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Hybrid drive system and working method therefor, torque distribution method and gear shift control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022084593A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
| FR3115240B1 (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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