WO2015078645A1 - Power train of a vehicle and vehicle - Google Patents

Power train of a vehicle and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015078645A1
WO2015078645A1 PCT/EP2014/073092 EP2014073092W WO2015078645A1 WO 2015078645 A1 WO2015078645 A1 WO 2015078645A1 EP 2014073092 W EP2014073092 W EP 2014073092W WO 2015078645 A1 WO2015078645 A1 WO 2015078645A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
epicyclic
train
gear
toothed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/073092
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephane Venturi
Original Assignee
IFP Energies Nouvelles
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IFP Energies Nouvelles filed Critical IFP Energies Nouvelles
Priority to CN201480063098.3A priority Critical patent/CN106061782B/en
Publication of WO2015078645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015078645A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383—One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2064—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using at least one positive clutch, e.g. dog clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2071—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using three freewheel mechanism
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2079—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using freewheel type mechanisms, e.g. freewheel clutches
    • F16H2200/2087—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using freewheel type mechanisms, e.g. freewheel clutches three freewheel mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2094—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using positive clutches, e.g. dog clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a powertrain for driving a motor vehicle and in particular to a powertrain for a hybrid type vehicle.
  • this type of vehicle comprises a powertrain which uses alone or in combination, as a traction / propulsion drive mode, a combustion engine, generally with internal combustion, with a speed variation device and a machine motor / receiver, such as a rotating electrical machine connected to an electrical source, such as one or more electric accumulators or batteries.
  • a powertrain which uses alone or in combination, as a traction / propulsion drive mode, a combustion engine, generally with internal combustion, with a speed variation device and a machine motor / receiver, such as a rotating electrical machine connected to an electrical source, such as one or more electric accumulators or batteries.
  • the engine is used to move this vehicle for uses where high driving power and a long operating autonomy are required.
  • the powertrain of a motor vehicle comprises a heat engine with a shaft connected to a speed variation transmission device comprising an epicyclic motor train with a planetary gear and a ring each connected to the shaft of the heat engine by a controlled-control coupling and a fixed part of the group by a unidirectional automatic coupling, and a planet carrier transmitting the variation of speed at the drive axle of the vehicle via a transmission path comprising the elements between the planet carrier shaft and the axle and which ensure the kinematic connection between the shaft and the axle.
  • the applicant associated, with the speed variation transmission device of the aforementioned document, another epicyclic gear train connecting the epicyclic engine gear train to the motion transmission path to the driving axle of this vehicle, as described in the French patent application No. 2 962 697 of the applicant.
  • the transmission path also comprises all the elements between the planet carrier shaft of the other epicyclic gear train and the axle.
  • the speed of rotation of the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train can be imposed by the rotation of the ring of the other epicyclic gear , requiring precise control of the internal combustion engine speed in order to limit the differential speed between the shafts of the engine epicyclic train which must be coupled at the occasion of this gearshift.
  • This rotation imposed on the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train will solicit the coupling components of this train causing their deterioration, or even their rupture and the decommissioning of the powertrain.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by means of a variable speed transmission device, the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train can be decoupled at any time from the other train.
  • the present invention relates to a power unit of a motor vehicle comprising a heat engine with a shaft, a variable speed transmission device comprising an epicyclic motor train with a sun gear and a ring each connected to the motor shaft thermal device by a controlled-control coupling and a fixed part of the vehicle by a unidirectional automatic coupling, and a planet carrier connected to an axle by a transmission path, characterized in that it comprises a unidirectional automatic coupling connecting the carrier satellites to said transmission path.
  • the group may comprise another epicyclic gear train connecting the epicyclic motor train to the axle and the unidirectional coupling may be placed between the planet carrier and a toothed ring meshing with a toothed strip of the other epicyclic gear train.
  • the toothed strip can be carried by the ring gear of the other epicyclic gear train.
  • the group may comprise another epicyclic train connecting the epicyclic motor train to the axle and the unidirectional coupling may be placed between a ring gear meshing with a toothed strip carried by the planet carrier and a strip of the other epicyclic gear train.
  • the toothed strip can be carried by the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train.
  • the unidirectional coupling can be a free wheel.
  • Couplings may include synchronizers controlled by control means.
  • the control means may comprise a single command connecting in translation the two synchronizers.
  • One of the synchronizers can be a double-effect synchronizer.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle which may comprise a powertrain as mentioned above.
  • FIG. 1 which is a diagram showing a powertrain according to the invention applied to a hybrid vehicle
  • FIG. 2 which schematically illustrates a variant of the powertrain of FIG. 1.
  • the powertrain comprises a heat engine 10, in particular an internal combustion engine, with a motor shaft 12, here coming from the crankshaft of this engine, a variable speed transmission device 14 and a driving axle 16 which makes it possible to drive the drive wheels 18 of the vehicle, advantageously via a differential bridge 20.
  • the motor shaft 12 also has a receiving shaft function but for reasons of simplification of description, this shaft will be called motor shaft so as to distinguish it from other shafts of the transmission device.
  • a driving / receiving machine 22 is associated with this group.
  • this driving / receiving machine is an electric machine that is used as an electric motor for driving the wheels of the vehicle or as a receiving machine to generate a power source used in particular to recharge the batteries.
  • the speed variation transmission device 14 comprises an epicyclic gear train 24, referred to as an epicyclic motor gear train in the following description, with two controlled-control couplings 26, 28 and two unidirectional automatic couplings, here freewheels 30, 32.
  • the epicyclic motor train 24 comprises a sun gear 34 with a strip 36 toothed externally and carried by a flange mounted on a hollow shaft 38, said sun gear shaft, surrounding the motor shaft 12 being free to rotate but fixed in translation relative to this motor shaft. In the vicinity of its free end 40, this shaft is supported in a bearing 42 carried by a fixed portion 44 of the powertrain through the freewheel 30, called planetary freewheel.
  • This train also comprises a ring 46 with an internally toothed ring 48, placed concentrically to the sun gear, and carried by a sail connected to a hollow shaft 50, said crown shaft, surrounding the drive shaft 12 while being free in rotation but fixed in translation relative to this motor shaft.
  • This ring is connected via its shaft 50 to the fixed part 44 of the power unit by the freewheel 32, called crown freewheel, placed at a distance from its free end 52.
  • the two freewheels 30 and 32 are placed in such a way that the ring gear 46 and the sun gear 34 can only rotate in the same direction and preferably in the same direction as the drive shaft 12.
  • this epicyclic motor train comprises a planet carrier 54 with advantageously three satellites 56, in the form of a gear with external toothing, placed in the same angular interval relative to each other (here at 120 °) and meshing with the crown and the sun gear.
  • the ring 48 of the crown, the strip 36 of the sun gear and the satellites 56 are located in the same plane, here in a vertical plane by considering FIG.
  • These satellites are each carried by a horizontal axis 58 being free in rotation but fixed in translation thereon.
  • These satellite axes are carried by a vertical wall 60 connected to a tubular bearing 62, said bearing planet carrier, which surrounds the sun shaft 38 being free to rotate thereon.
  • This planet carrier also carries a unidirectional automatic coupling 64, here in the form of a freewheel called freewheel planet carrier.
  • This free wheel is supported on an inner ring 66 emerging from the wall 60 and on an outer ring 68 provided with external toothing.
  • the freewheel 64 is placed in such a way that when the planet carrier rotates in the direction of the heat engine, this satellite carrier rotates the outer race 68.
  • the outer race 68 rotates in the direction of the engine thermal, it can transmit torque to the planet carrier.
  • This external toothing cooperates meshing with a band 70 which is carried by the ring 72 of another additional epicyclic train 74, hereinafter referred to as the epicyclic machine train, placed on a shaft 76 substantially parallel to the motor shaft 12 and supported by bearings 78 from the fixed portion 44 of the power train.
  • This ring also comprises an internally toothed drive band 80 carried by a flange fixed on a tubular bearing 82 surrounding the shaft 76.
  • This driving strip cooperates with a planet carrier 84 advantageously comprising three satellites 86, in the form of a gear with external toothing, carried by satellite axes 88 and placed in the same angular interval with respect to each other ( here at 120 °) and meshing with the toothing of the headband
  • the planet shafts 88 are carried by a sail attached to a tubular bearing 90 surrounding the shaft 76.
  • Satellites also cooperate in meshing with a sun gear 92, linked in rotation with the shaft 76, which comprises a strip 94 toothed externally and carried by a flange.
  • the headband 80 of the ring 72, the toothed strip 94 of the sun gear and the satellites 86 are located in the same plane, here in a vertical plane by considering FIG.
  • the planet carrier flange also includes an externally toothed band 96 which cooperates with another toothed wheel 98 connected to the drive axle 16 thereby forming a motion transmission path between the machine epicyclic gear and the axle.
  • the shaft 76 fixedly bears another gear 100 which cooperates with the rotor 102 of the electric machine 22, here via a toothed belt or a chain.
  • the machine epicyclic gear train 74 also carries a controlled-control coupling 104 making it possible to connect its crown 72 carrying the strips 70 and 80, either to the stationary gear 100 of the shaft 76 or to the fixed part 44 of the powertrain.
  • this coupling makes it possible to produce, under the effect of a control means 106, a neutral position and two coupling positions, either with the stationary gear 100 or at the fixed part 44 of the powertrain.
  • the hollow shafts of the sun gear and the ring gear are each connected to the drive shaft by a coupling in the form of a synchronizer.
  • One 28 of the synchronizers is a single-acting synchronizer housed on the shaft 12 facing the free end of the hollow crown shaft 50.
  • the other 26 synchronizers is a double-acting synchronizer also housed on the 12 between the epicyclic motor train 24 and the motor 10.
  • the single-acting synchronizer 28 comprises a fastening hub 108, toothed externally, which carries a player 1 10 with an internal toothing 1 12 and a conical timing ring 1 14, preferably friction.
  • the fastening hub 108 is connected in rotation and in translation with the shaft 12 while the synchronizing ring is concentrically carried by this hub.
  • the player 1 10 is connected in rotation with the hub by the cooperation of its internal toothing 1 12 with the outer toothing of the hub while being able to slide on this hub.
  • the latter carries a conical friction surface 1 16 and a toothed cylindrical bearing surface 1 18.
  • the double-acting synchronizer 26 comprises a fastening hub 120 toothed externally while being fixed in translation but free in rotation on the shaft 12, a double sliding device 122 carried by the hub and provided with two internally toothed bearing surfaces 124, 126 axially symmetrical relative to the vertical center axis of the player and two synchronous conical rings 128, 130 disposed on either side of the hub while being coaxial with each other.
  • This synchronizer 26 is adapted to cooperate, on the one hand, with a conical friction surface 132 and a toothed cylindrical surface 134 borne by a web attached to the shaft 12 and, on the other hand, with the end of the planetary hollow shaft 38 which carries a conical friction surface 136 and a toothed cylindrical bearing surface 138.
  • a single control means 140 is used to control the two synchronizers 26, 28 so that the two players move at the same time in the same direction and with the same stroke.
  • this single control means 140 may be a connecting piece 142 which connects the control members 144 of the players, which are generally in the form of a fork.
  • the drive shaft 12 is coupled neither with the hollow shaft sun gear or the hollow shaft crown 54. This has the effect of leaving this motor shaft rotated freely .
  • the synchronizer 28 is not active to achieve the coupling between the drive shaft 12 and the hollow crown shaft 50.
  • the synchronizer 26 is only connected, through the toothed surface 126 of the double walkman , with the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 138 of the sun gear shaft 38.
  • the conical ring 128 and the toothed bearing surface 124 of the double sliding gear are not connected with the conical friction surface 132 and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 134 carried by the shaft engine.
  • the single control means 140 controls the simultaneous movement of the two players 122, 1 10 in a direction going from the right to the left to arrive at a position where the motor shaft 12 drives in rotation. planetary hollow shaft 38 without driving the crown hollow shaft 50.
  • the conical ring and the toothed bearing surface 126 of the double sliding-head 122 remain in connection with the conical friction surface and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface of the shaft 38, and the conical ring 128 and the toothed bearing surface 124 of the slide holder 122 are rotatably connected with the conical friction surface 132 and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 134 carried by the driving shaft 12.
  • the rotation of the shaft 12 is transmitted to the sun shaft 38 by the connection of the sliding device 122 both with the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 134 carried by the shaft 12 and with the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 138 of the shaft planetary.
  • the rotation of the sun gear in turn rotates satellites 56 and the planet carrier 54.
  • This rotation of the planet carrier is then transmitted through the free wheel 64, the ring 68 and the strip 70 to the ring 72 of the epicyclic machine train which transmits the rotational movement to its planet carrier 84 and to the axle through the path of motion transmission between this train and the axle 16.
  • the means 140 controls the simultaneous movement of the two players 122, 1 10 in a direction always going from the right to the left to arrive at a position where the motor shaft 12 rotates at the same time.
  • the double player 122 of the synchronizer 26 has moved but remains always in connection with the drive shaft 12 and the sun shaft 38. During this movement, the conical ring 1 14 and the internal toothing 1 12 of the player 1 10 come into contact with the conical friction surface 1 16 and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 1 18 of the hollow crown shaft 50.
  • the control means 140 simultaneously moves the two players 122, 1 10 in the direction from right to left to arrive at a position where the drive shaft 12 rotates only the hollow shaft of crown 50.
  • the player 122 of the synchronizer 26 has moved but remains only in rotational connection with the conical friction surface and the toothed cylindrical surface carried by the drive shaft 12, the conical ring and the toothed range of the player 122 being disconnected from the conical friction surface and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface of the sun gear shaft 40.
  • the synchronizer remains in rotational connection with the hollow crown shaft by its sliding 1 10.
  • the rotation of the shaft 12 of the heat engine 10 rotates the ring 46 which drives in rotation the satellites 54 and the planet carrier 54.
  • this rotation of the planet carrier is then transmitted through the free wheel 64, the ring 68 and the strip 70 to the ring 72 of the epicyclic machine train which transmits the rotational movement to its planet carrier 84 and to the axle through the motion transmission path between this train and the axle 16.
  • This freewheel is useful to facilitate the gearshift from gear ratio 1 to ratio 3, gear 3 to gear 1, gear 2 to gear 3 and gear 3 to gear 2.
  • Gear carrier There is no risk of rotating in an undesired direction of rotation because this free wheel makes it possible to separate the other epicyclic gear train from the epicyclic motor gear train. This allows, on the one hand, to use the synchronizers in good conditions, so that they have to overcome only the inertia of the motor epicyclic train, and, on the other hand, to limit the constraint on the control the engine idle speed.
  • the variant of Figure 2 differs from that of Figure 1 by a particular arrangement of the freewheel which is placed on the crown of the other train.
  • the position of the freewheel on the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train, as shown in Figure 1, or on the crown of the other train, as shown in Figure 2, can be used on all transmissions of this type, they have single or double synchronizers, single or separate control, or even those with clutches.
  • the use of two single-acting synchronizers controlled by a separate control means 145 does not change the different gear ratios.
  • the shaft 12 is connected to the sun shaft 38 by the synchronizer 26, for the speed ratio 3, the shaft 12 remains in connection with the sun shaft 38 by the synchronizer 26 and is connected to the hollow crown shaft 50 by the synchronizer 28, and for the speed ratio 2, only the hollow crown shaft 50 remains in connection with the shaft 12 while the shaft planetary hollow 38 is disengaged from the drive shaft 12 by the synchronizer 26.
  • free wheel 64 it is placed between an externally toothed ring gear 146 which meshes with an externally toothed strip 148 and carried by the wall 60 of the planet carrier 54. This free wheel also cooperates with the peripheral surface. 80 crown ring 80 smooth of machine epicyclic gear.
  • the operation of the speed variation transmission device proceeds in a manner similar to that described with reference to FIG. 1.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a power train of a motor vehicle comprising a heat engine (10) having a shaft (12), a variable-speed transmission device (14) including a planetary gearset of the engine (24) having a planet gear (34) and a sun gear (46) each connected to the shaft (12) of the heat engine (10) by controlled-operation coupling (26, 28) and to a stationary portion (44) of the vehicle by a one-way automatic coupling (30, 32), and a gear carrier (54) connected to an axle (16) by a transmission path (96, 98). The power train includes a one-way automatic coupling (64) linking the gear carrier (54) to said transmission path.

Description

GROUPE MOTOPROPULSEUR DE VEHICULE ET VEHICULE  VEHICLE POWERTRAIN AND VEHICLE
La présente invention se rapporte à un groupe motopropulseur pour l'entraînement d'un véhicule automobile et en particulier à un groupe motopropulseur pour un véhicule de type hybride. The present invention relates to a powertrain for driving a motor vehicle and in particular to a powertrain for a hybrid type vehicle.
Comme cela est déjà connu, ce type de véhicule comporte un groupe motopropulseur qui utilise seul ou en combinaison, comme mode d'entraînement en traction/propulsion, un moteur thermique, généralement à combustion interne, avec un dispositif de variation de vitesse et une machine motrice/réceptrice, comme une machine électrique rotative reliée à une source électrique, telle qu'un ou plusieurs accumulateurs électriques ou batteries. Cette combinaison permet d'optimiser les performances de ce véhicule, tant au niveau de la réduction des émissions de polluants dans l'atmosphère qu'au niveau de la diminution de la consommation en carburant. As is already known, this type of vehicle comprises a powertrain which uses alone or in combination, as a traction / propulsion drive mode, a combustion engine, generally with internal combustion, with a speed variation device and a machine motor / receiver, such as a rotating electrical machine connected to an electrical source, such as one or more electric accumulators or batteries. This combination makes it possible to optimize the performance of this vehicle, both in terms of reducing emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere and at the level of the reduction in fuel consumption.
Ainsi, lorsque l'on souhaite déplacer le véhicule avec un couple important sur une grande plage de vitesses tout en limitant la génération de gaz d'échappement et de bruit, comme dans un site urbain, l'utilisation de la machine électrique est privilégiée pour entraîner en déplacement ce véhicule. Thus, when it is desired to move the vehicle with a large torque over a wide range of speeds while limiting the generation of exhaust gas and noise, as in an urban site, the use of the electric machine is preferred for drive this vehicle on the move.
Par contre, le moteur thermique est utilisé pour déplacer ce véhicule lors d'utilisations où une puissance d'entraînement élevée et une grande autonomie de fonctionnement sont demandées. On the other hand, the engine is used to move this vehicle for uses where high driving power and a long operating autonomy are required.
Comme cela est déjà connu par la demande de brevet français N ° 2 955 165 du demandeur, le groupe motopropulseur de véhicule automobile comprend un moteur thermique avec un arbre relié à un dispositif de transmission à variation de vitesse comportant un train épicycloïdal de moteur avec un planétaire et une couronne reliés chacun à l'arbre du moteur thermique par un accouplement à commande contrôlée et à une partie fixe du groupe par un accouplement automatique unidirectionnel, et un porte-satellites transmettant la variation de vitesse à l'essieu moteur du véhicule par l'intermédiaire d'une voie de transmission comportant les éléments compris entre l'arbre porte-satellites et l'essieu et qui permettent d'assurer la liaison cinématique entre cet arbre et cet essieu. De façon à augmenter la capacité de variation de vitesse lors de l'entraînement du véhicule par la machine électrique, le demandeur a associé, au dispositif de transmission à variation de vitesse du document précité, autre train épicycloïdal reliant le train épicycloïdal de moteur à la voie de transmission de mouvement à l'essieu moteur de ce véhicule, comme cela est décrit dans la demande de brevet français N ° 2 962 697 du demandeur. Dans cette configuration, la voie de transmission comporte également tous les éléments compris entre l'arbre porte-satellites de l'autre train épicycloïdal et l'essieu. As already known from the French patent application No. 2 955 165 of the applicant, the powertrain of a motor vehicle comprises a heat engine with a shaft connected to a speed variation transmission device comprising an epicyclic motor train with a planetary gear and a ring each connected to the shaft of the heat engine by a controlled-control coupling and a fixed part of the group by a unidirectional automatic coupling, and a planet carrier transmitting the variation of speed at the drive axle of the vehicle via a transmission path comprising the elements between the planet carrier shaft and the axle and which ensure the kinematic connection between the shaft and the axle. In order to increase the speed variation capacity during driving of the vehicle by the electric machine, the applicant associated, with the speed variation transmission device of the aforementioned document, another epicyclic gear train connecting the epicyclic engine gear train to the motion transmission path to the driving axle of this vehicle, as described in the French patent application No. 2 962 697 of the applicant. In this configuration, the transmission path also comprises all the elements between the planet carrier shaft of the other epicyclic gear train and the axle.
Bien que donnant satisfaction, ce dispositif de variation de vitesse présente un inconvénient négligeable. Although satisfactory, this speed variation device has a negligible disadvantage.
En effet, lors de passage de vitesses, par exemple du rapport de vitesse 2 au rapport de vitesse 3, la vitesse de rotation du porte-satellites du train épicycloïdal de moteur peut être imposée par la rotation de la couronne de l'autre train épicycloïdal, nécessitant un contrôle précis du régime du moteur à combustion interne dans le but de limiter le différentiel de régime entre les arbres du train épicycloïdal de moteur qui doivent être couplés à l'occasion de ce changement de rapport. Cette rotation imposée au porte-satellites du train épicycloïdal de moteur va solliciter les composants de couplage de ce train en entraînant leur détérioration, voire leur rupture et la mise hors service du groupe motopropulseur. Indeed, when shifting, for example the speed ratio 2 to the speed ratio 3, the speed of rotation of the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train can be imposed by the rotation of the ring of the other epicyclic gear , requiring precise control of the internal combustion engine speed in order to limit the differential speed between the shafts of the engine epicyclic train which must be coupled at the occasion of this gearshift. This rotation imposed on the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train will solicit the coupling components of this train causing their deterioration, or even their rupture and the decommissioning of the powertrain.
La présente invention se propose de remédier aux inconvénients précités grâce à un dispositif de transmission à variation de vitesse dont le porte-satellites du train épicycloïdal de moteur peut être découplé à chaque instant de l'autre train. A cet effet, la présente invention concerne un groupe motopropulseur de véhicule automobile comportant un moteur thermique avec un arbre, un dispositif de transmission à variation de vitesse comprenant un train épicycloïdal de moteur avec un planétaire et une couronne reliés chacun à l'arbre du moteur thermique par un accouplement à commande contrôlé et à une partie fixe du véhicule par un accouplement automatique unidirectionnel, et un porte-satellites relié à un essieu par une voie de transmission, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un accouplement automatique unidirectionnel reliant le porte-satellites à ladite voie de transmission. Le groupe peut comprendre un autre train épicycloïdal reliant le train épicycloïdal de moteur à l'essieu et l'accouplement unidirectionnel peut être placé entre le porte-satellites et une bague dentée engrenant avec un bandeau denté de l'autre train épicycloïdal. Le bandeau denté peut être porté par la couronne de l'autre train épicycloïdal. The present invention proposes to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by means of a variable speed transmission device, the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train can be decoupled at any time from the other train. For this purpose, the present invention relates to a power unit of a motor vehicle comprising a heat engine with a shaft, a variable speed transmission device comprising an epicyclic motor train with a sun gear and a ring each connected to the motor shaft thermal device by a controlled-control coupling and a fixed part of the vehicle by a unidirectional automatic coupling, and a planet carrier connected to an axle by a transmission path, characterized in that it comprises a unidirectional automatic coupling connecting the carrier satellites to said transmission path. The group may comprise another epicyclic gear train connecting the epicyclic motor train to the axle and the unidirectional coupling may be placed between the planet carrier and a toothed ring meshing with a toothed strip of the other epicyclic gear train. The toothed strip can be carried by the ring gear of the other epicyclic gear train.
Le groupe peut comprendre un autre train épicycloïdal reliant le train épicycloïdal de moteur à l'essieu et l'accouplement unidirectionnel peut être placé entre une couronne dentée engrenant avec un bandeau denté porté par le porte- satellites et un bandeau de l'autre train épicycloïdal. The group may comprise another epicyclic train connecting the epicyclic motor train to the axle and the unidirectional coupling may be placed between a ring gear meshing with a toothed strip carried by the planet carrier and a strip of the other epicyclic gear train. .
Le bandeau denté peut être porté par le porte-satellites du train épicycloïdal de moteur. The toothed strip can be carried by the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train.
L'accouplement unidirectionnel peut être une roue libre. The unidirectional coupling can be a free wheel.
Les accouplements peuvent comprendre des synchroniseurs contrôlés par des moyens de commande. Couplings may include synchronizers controlled by control means.
Les moyens de commande peuvent comprendre une commande unique reliant en translation les deux synchroniseurs. The control means may comprise a single command connecting in translation the two synchronizers.
L'un des synchroniseurs peut être un synchroniseur à double effet. L'invention concerne également un véhicule qui peut comprendre un groupe motopropulseur comme mentionné précédemment. Les autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention vont apparaître maintenant à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre uniquement illustratif et non limitatif, et à laquelle sont annexées : One of the synchronizers can be a double-effect synchronizer. The invention also relates to a vehicle which may comprise a powertrain as mentioned above. The other features and advantages of the invention will now appear on reading the following description, given solely by way of illustration and not limitation, and to which are appended:
- la figure 1 qui est un schéma montrant un groupe motopropulseur selon l'invention appliqué à un véhicule hybride, et  FIG. 1 which is a diagram showing a powertrain according to the invention applied to a hybrid vehicle, and
- la figure 2 qui illustre schématiquement une variante du groupe motopropulseur de la figure 1 .  FIG. 2 which schematically illustrates a variant of the powertrain of FIG. 1.
Sur la figure 1 , le groupe motopropulseur comprend un moteur thermique 10, notamment un moteur à combustion interne, avec un arbre de moteur 12, ici issu du vilebrequin de ce moteur, un dispositif de transmission à variation de vitesse 14 et un essieu moteur 16 qui permet d'entraîner les roues motrices 18 du véhicule, avantageusement par l'intermédiaire d'un pont différentiel 20. In FIG. 1, the powertrain comprises a heat engine 10, in particular an internal combustion engine, with a motor shaft 12, here coming from the crankshaft of this engine, a variable speed transmission device 14 and a driving axle 16 which makes it possible to drive the drive wheels 18 of the vehicle, advantageously via a differential bridge 20.
L'arbre de moteur 12 a également une fonction d'arbre récepteur mais pour des raisons de simplification de la description, cet arbre sera dénommé arbre moteur de manière à pouvoir le distinguer des autres arbres du dispositif de transmission. The motor shaft 12 also has a receiving shaft function but for reasons of simplification of description, this shaft will be called motor shaft so as to distinguish it from other shafts of the transmission device.
Dans le cadre de l'utilisation pour un véhicule hybride, une machine motrice/réceptrice 22 est associée à ce groupe. In the context of use for a hybrid vehicle, a driving / receiving machine 22 is associated with this group.
Dans l'exemple qui va suivre, cette machine motrice/réceptrice est une machine électrique qui est utilisée en tant que moteur électrique pour entraîner les roues du véhicule ou en tant que machine réceptrice pour générer une source de courant servant notamment à recharger les batteries. In the following example, this driving / receiving machine is an electric machine that is used as an electric motor for driving the wheels of the vehicle or as a receiving machine to generate a power source used in particular to recharge the batteries.
Bien entendu, tout autre type de machine motrice/réceptrice peut être utilisée, comme une machine hydraulique ou pneumatique. Le dispositif de transmission à variation de vitesse 14 comprend un train épicycloïdal 24, dénommé train épicycloïdal de moteur dans la suite de la description, avec deux accouplements à commande contrôlée 26, 28 et deux accouplements automatiques unidirectionnels, ici des roues libres 30, 32. Of course, any other type of driving / receiving machine can be used, such as a hydraulic or pneumatic machine. The speed variation transmission device 14 comprises an epicyclic gear train 24, referred to as an epicyclic motor gear train in the following description, with two controlled-control couplings 26, 28 and two unidirectional automatic couplings, here freewheels 30, 32.
Le train épicycloïdal de moteur 24 comprend un planétaire 34 avec un bandeau 36 denté extérieurement et porté par un flasque monté fixement sur un arbre creux 38, dit arbre de planétaire, venant entourer l'arbre moteur 12 en étant libre en rotation mais fixe en translation par rapport à cet arbre moteur. Au voisinage de son extrémité libre 40, cet arbre prend appui dans un palier 42 porté par une partie fixe 44 du groupe motopropulseur au travers de la roue libre 30, baptisée roue libre planétaire. Ce train comprend également une couronne 46 avec un anneau 48 denté intérieurement, placé concentriquement au planétaire, et porté par un voile relié à un arbre creux 50, dit arbre de couronne, venant entourer l'arbre moteur 12 en étant libre en rotation mais fixe en translation par rapport à cet arbre moteur. Cette couronne est reliée par l'intermédiaire de son arbre 50 à la partie fixe 44 du groupe motopropulseur par la roue libre 32, baptisée roue libre couronne, placé à distance de son extrémité libre 52. The epicyclic motor train 24 comprises a sun gear 34 with a strip 36 toothed externally and carried by a flange mounted on a hollow shaft 38, said sun gear shaft, surrounding the motor shaft 12 being free to rotate but fixed in translation relative to this motor shaft. In the vicinity of its free end 40, this shaft is supported in a bearing 42 carried by a fixed portion 44 of the powertrain through the freewheel 30, called planetary freewheel. This train also comprises a ring 46 with an internally toothed ring 48, placed concentrically to the sun gear, and carried by a sail connected to a hollow shaft 50, said crown shaft, surrounding the drive shaft 12 while being free in rotation but fixed in translation relative to this motor shaft. This ring is connected via its shaft 50 to the fixed part 44 of the power unit by the freewheel 32, called crown freewheel, placed at a distance from its free end 52.
Bien entendu, les deux roues libres 30 et 32 sont placées de manière telle que la couronne 46 et le planétaire 34 ne puissent tourner que dans le même sens et préférentiellement dans le même sens que l'arbre moteur 12. Of course, the two freewheels 30 and 32 are placed in such a way that the ring gear 46 and the sun gear 34 can only rotate in the same direction and preferably in the same direction as the drive shaft 12.
Enfin, ce train épicycloïdal de moteur comprend un porte-satellites 54 avec avantageusement trois satellites 56, en forme de roue à denture extérieure, placés dans un même intervalle angulaire l'un par rapport à l'autre (ici à 120°) et engrenant avec la couronne et le planétaire. Finally, this epicyclic motor train comprises a planet carrier 54 with advantageously three satellites 56, in the form of a gear with external toothing, placed in the same angular interval relative to each other (here at 120 °) and meshing with the crown and the sun gear.
Pour cela, l'anneau 48 de la couronne, le bandeau 36 du planétaire et les satellites 56 sont situés dans un même plan, ici dans un plan vertical en considérant la figure 1 . Ces satellites sont portés chacun par un axe horizontal 58 en étant libres en rotation mais fixes en translation sur celui-ci. Ces axes de satellites sont portés par une paroi verticale 60 reliée à un palier tubulaire 62, dit palier de porte- satellites, qui vient entourer l'arbre de planétaire 38 en étant libre en rotation sur celui-ci. For this, the ring 48 of the crown, the strip 36 of the sun gear and the satellites 56 are located in the same plane, here in a vertical plane by considering FIG. These satellites are each carried by a horizontal axis 58 being free in rotation but fixed in translation thereon. These satellite axes are carried by a vertical wall 60 connected to a tubular bearing 62, said bearing planet carrier, which surrounds the sun shaft 38 being free to rotate thereon.
Ce porte-satellites porte en outre un accouplement automatique unidirectionnel 64, ici sous la forme d'une roue libre dénommée roue libre de porte-satellites. This planet carrier also carries a unidirectional automatic coupling 64, here in the form of a freewheel called freewheel planet carrier.
Cette roue libre prend appui sur une bague intérieure 66 s'érigeant à partir de la paroi 60 et sur une bague extérieure 68 munie d'une denture extérieure. This free wheel is supported on an inner ring 66 emerging from the wall 60 and on an outer ring 68 provided with external toothing.
Par cela, la roue libre 64 est placée de manière telle que lorsque le porte- satellites tourne dans le sens du moteur thermique, ce porte satellite entraîne en rotation la bague extérieure 68. Lorsque la bague extérieure 68 est en rotation dans le sens du moteur thermique, elle ne peut transmettre de couple vers le porte-satellites. By this, the freewheel 64 is placed in such a way that when the planet carrier rotates in the direction of the heat engine, this satellite carrier rotates the outer race 68. When the outer race 68 rotates in the direction of the engine thermal, it can transmit torque to the planet carrier.
Cette denture extérieure coopère à engrènement avec un bandeau 70 qui est porté par la couronne 72 d'un autre train épicycloïdal additionnel 74, dénommé dans la suite de la description train épicycloïdal de machine, placé sur un arbre 76 sensiblement parallèle à l'arbre moteur 12 et supporté par des paliers issus 78 de la partie fixe 44 du groupe moto propulseur. This external toothing cooperates meshing with a band 70 which is carried by the ring 72 of another additional epicyclic train 74, hereinafter referred to as the epicyclic machine train, placed on a shaft 76 substantially parallel to the motor shaft 12 and supported by bearings 78 from the fixed portion 44 of the power train.
Cette couronne comprend également un bandeau d'entraînement 80 denté intérieurement porté par un flasque fixé sur un palier tubulaire 82 entourant l'arbre 76. This ring also comprises an internally toothed drive band 80 carried by a flange fixed on a tubular bearing 82 surrounding the shaft 76.
Ce bandeau d'entraînement coopère avec un porte-satellites 84 comprenant avantageusement trois satellites 86, en forme de roue à denture extérieure, portés par des axes de satellites 88 et placés dans un même intervalle angulaire l'un par rapport à l'autre (ici à 120°) et engrenant avec la denture du bandeau d'entraînement 80 de la couronne 72. Les axes de satellites 88 sont portés par un voile fixé sur un palier tubulaire 90 entourant l'arbre 76. This driving strip cooperates with a planet carrier 84 advantageously comprising three satellites 86, in the form of a gear with external toothing, carried by satellite axes 88 and placed in the same angular interval with respect to each other ( here at 120 °) and meshing with the toothing of the headband The planet shafts 88 are carried by a sail attached to a tubular bearing 90 surrounding the shaft 76.
Ces satellites coopèrent également à engrènement avec un planétaire 92, lié en rotation avec l'arbre 76, qui comprend un bandeau 94 denté extérieurement et porté par un flasque. These satellites also cooperate in meshing with a sun gear 92, linked in rotation with the shaft 76, which comprises a strip 94 toothed externally and carried by a flange.
Bien entendu, comme pour le train épicycloïdal de moteur thermique 24, le bandeau 80 de la couronne 72, le bandeau denté 94 du planétaire et les satellites 86 sont situés dans un même plan, ici dans un plan vertical en considérant la figure 1 . Of course, as for the epicyclic engine train 24, the headband 80 of the ring 72, the toothed strip 94 of the sun gear and the satellites 86 are located in the same plane, here in a vertical plane by considering FIG.
Le flasque du porte-satellites comprend également un bandeau denté extérieurement 96 qui coopère avec une autre roue dentée 98 liée à l'essieu moteur 16 en formant ainsi une voie de transmission de mouvement entre le train épicycloïdal de machine et l'essieu. The planet carrier flange also includes an externally toothed band 96 which cooperates with another toothed wheel 98 connected to the drive axle 16 thereby forming a motion transmission path between the machine epicyclic gear and the axle.
L'arbre 76 porte fixement une autre roue dentée 100 qui coopère avec le rotor 102 de la machine électrique 22, ici par l'intermédiaire d'une courroie crantée ou d'une chaîne. The shaft 76 fixedly bears another gear 100 which cooperates with the rotor 102 of the electric machine 22, here via a toothed belt or a chain.
Le train épicycloïdal de machine 74 porte également un accouplement à commande contrôlée 104 permettant de relier sa couronne 72 portant les bandeaux 70 et 80, soit à la roue dentée fixe 100 de l'arbre 76, soit à la partie fixe 44 du groupe motopropulseur. The machine epicyclic gear train 74 also carries a controlled-control coupling 104 making it possible to connect its crown 72 carrying the strips 70 and 80, either to the stationary gear 100 of the shaft 76 or to the fixed part 44 of the powertrain.
De manière avantageuse, cet accouplement permet de réaliser, sous l'effet d'un moyen de commande 106, une position neutre et deux positions d'accouplement, soit avec la roue dentée fixe 100, soit à la partie fixe 44 du groupe motopropulseur. Advantageously, this coupling makes it possible to produce, under the effect of a control means 106, a neutral position and two coupling positions, either with the stationary gear 100 or at the fixed part 44 of the powertrain.
Comme mieux illustré sur la figure 1 uniquement à titre d'exemple, les arbres creux du planétaire et de la couronne sont reliés chacun à l'arbre moteur par un accouplement sous la forme d'un synchroniseur. L'un 28 des synchroniseurs est un synchroniseur à simple effet logé sur l'arbre 12 en regard de l'extrémité libre de l'arbre creux de couronne 50. L'autre 26 des synchroniseurs est un synchroniseur à double effet logé également sur l'arbre 12 entre le train épicycloïdal de moteur 24 et le moteur 10. As best illustrated in Figure 1 only by way of example, the hollow shafts of the sun gear and the ring gear are each connected to the drive shaft by a coupling in the form of a synchronizer. One 28 of the synchronizers is a single-acting synchronizer housed on the shaft 12 facing the free end of the hollow crown shaft 50. The other 26 synchronizers is a double-acting synchronizer also housed on the 12 between the epicyclic motor train 24 and the motor 10.
Comme cela est bien connu, le synchroniseur à simple effet 28 comprend un moyeu de solidarisation 108, denté extérieurement, qui porte un baladeur 1 10 avec une denture intérieure 1 12 et une bague conique de synchronisation 1 14, de préférence à friction. As is well known, the single-acting synchronizer 28 comprises a fastening hub 108, toothed externally, which carries a player 1 10 with an internal toothing 1 12 and a conical timing ring 1 14, preferably friction.
Le moyeu de solidarisation 108 est lié en rotation et en translation avec l'arbre 12 alors que la bague de synchronisation est portée de manière concentrique par ce moyeu. Le baladeur 1 10 est lié en rotation avec le moyeu par la coopération de sa denture intérieure 1 12 avec la denture extérieure du moyeu tout en pouvant coulisser sur ce moyeu. The fastening hub 108 is connected in rotation and in translation with the shaft 12 while the synchronizing ring is concentrically carried by this hub. The player 1 10 is connected in rotation with the hub by the cooperation of its internal toothing 1 12 with the outer toothing of the hub while being able to slide on this hub.
Pour réaliser l'accouplement entre l'arbre 12 et l'arbre creux de couronne 50, ce dernier porte une surface conique de friction 1 16 et un portée cylindrique dentée 1 18. To achieve the coupling between the shaft 12 and the hollow crown shaft 50, the latter carries a conical friction surface 1 16 and a toothed cylindrical bearing surface 1 18.
Le synchroniseur à double effet 26 comporte un moyeu de solidarisation 120 denté extérieurement tout en étant fixe en translation mais libre en rotation sur l'arbre 12, un baladeur double 122 porté par le moyeu et muni de deux portées dentées intérieurement 124, 126 symétriques axialement par rapport à l'axe médian vertical du baladeur et deux bagues coniques de synchronisation 128, 130 disposées de part et d'autre du moyeu tout en étant coaxiale l'une avec l'autre. The double-acting synchronizer 26 comprises a fastening hub 120 toothed externally while being fixed in translation but free in rotation on the shaft 12, a double sliding device 122 carried by the hub and provided with two internally toothed bearing surfaces 124, 126 axially symmetrical relative to the vertical center axis of the player and two synchronous conical rings 128, 130 disposed on either side of the hub while being coaxial with each other.
Ce synchroniseur 26 est adapté à coopérer, d'une part, avec une surface conique de friction 132 et une portée cylindrique dentée 134 portés par un voile fixé sur l'arbre 12 et, d'autre part, avec l'extrémité de l'arbre creux de planétaire 38 qui porte une surface conique de friction 136 et une portée cylindrique dentée 138. Avantageusement, un seul moyen de commande 140 est utilisé pour contrôler les deux synchroniseurs 26, 28 de façon à ce que les deux baladeurs se déplacent en même temps dans la même direction et avec une même course. A titre d'exemple, ce moyen de commande unique 140 peut être une pièce de liaison 142 qui relie les organes de contrôle 144 des baladeurs, qui sont généralement sous la forme de fourchette. This synchronizer 26 is adapted to cooperate, on the one hand, with a conical friction surface 132 and a toothed cylindrical surface 134 borne by a web attached to the shaft 12 and, on the other hand, with the end of the planetary hollow shaft 38 which carries a conical friction surface 136 and a toothed cylindrical bearing surface 138. Advantageously, a single control means 140 is used to control the two synchronizers 26, 28 so that the two players move at the same time in the same direction and with the same stroke. By way of example, this single control means 140 may be a connecting piece 142 which connects the control members 144 of the players, which are generally in the form of a fork.
Pour la configuration du point mort illustré à la figure 1 , l'arbre moteur 12 n'est accouplé ni avec l'arbre creux de planétaire ni avec l'arbre creux de couronne 54. Ceci a pour effet de laisser cet arbre moteur tourné librement. For the configuration of the dead center shown in Figure 1, the drive shaft 12 is coupled neither with the hollow shaft sun gear or the hollow shaft crown 54. This has the effect of leaving this motor shaft rotated freely .
Pour ce faire, le synchroniseur 28 n'est pas actif pour réaliser l'accouplement entre l'arbre moteur 12 et l'arbre creux de couronne 50. Le synchroniseur 26 est uniquement en liaison, au travers de la portée dentée 126 du baladeur double, avec la portée cylindrique dentée 138 de l'arbre de planétaire 38. La bague conique 128 et la portée dentée 124 du baladeur double ne sont pas en liaison avec la surface conique de friction 132 et la portée cylindrique dentée 134 porté par l'arbre moteur. To do this, the synchronizer 28 is not active to achieve the coupling between the drive shaft 12 and the hollow crown shaft 50. The synchronizer 26 is only connected, through the toothed surface 126 of the double walkman , with the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 138 of the sun gear shaft 38. The conical ring 128 and the toothed bearing surface 124 of the double sliding gear are not connected with the conical friction surface 132 and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 134 carried by the shaft engine.
De ce fait la rotation de l'arbre 12 n'est pas transmise au baladeur double 122 et cet arbre moteur peut tourner librement. As a result, the rotation of the shaft 12 is not transmitted to the double walkman 122 and this motor shaft can rotate freely.
Pour obtenir le rapport de vitesse 1 , le moyen de commande unique 140 commande le déplacement simultané des deux baladeurs 122, 1 10 dans un sens allant de la droite vers la gauche pour arriver à une position où l'arbre moteur 12 entraîne en rotation l'arbre creux de planétaire 38 sans entraîner l'arbre creux de couronne 50. Pour cette positon, la bague conique et la portée dentée 126 du baladeur double 122 restent en liaison avec la surface conique de friction et la portée cylindrique dentée de l'arbre de planétaire 38, et la bague conique 128 et la portée dentée 124 du baladeur 122 sont liées en rotation avec la surface conique de friction 132 et la portée cylindrique dentée 134 portées par l'arbre moteur 12. Ainsi la rotation de l'arbre 12 est transmise à l'arbre creux de planétaire 38 par la liaison du baladeur 122 à la fois avec la portée cylindrique dentée 134 portée par l'arbre 12 et avec la portée cylindrique dentée 138 de l'arbre de planétaire. To obtain the speed ratio 1, the single control means 140 controls the simultaneous movement of the two players 122, 1 10 in a direction going from the right to the left to arrive at a position where the motor shaft 12 drives in rotation. planetary hollow shaft 38 without driving the crown hollow shaft 50. For this position, the conical ring and the toothed bearing surface 126 of the double sliding-head 122 remain in connection with the conical friction surface and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface of the shaft 38, and the conical ring 128 and the toothed bearing surface 124 of the slide holder 122 are rotatably connected with the conical friction surface 132 and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 134 carried by the driving shaft 12. Thus the rotation of the shaft 12 is transmitted to the sun shaft 38 by the connection of the sliding device 122 both with the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 134 carried by the shaft 12 and with the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 138 of the shaft planetary.
La rotation du planétaire entraîne à son tour en rotation des satellites 56 puis le porte-satellites 54. Cette rotation du porte-satellites est ensuite transmise au travers de la roue libre 64, de la bague 68 et du bandeau 70 à la couronne 72 du train épicycloïdal de machine qui transmet le mouvement de rotation à son porte- satellites 84 et à l'essieu au travers de la voie de transmission de mouvement entre ce train et l'essieu 16.  The rotation of the sun gear in turn rotates satellites 56 and the planet carrier 54. This rotation of the planet carrier is then transmitted through the free wheel 64, the ring 68 and the strip 70 to the ring 72 of the epicyclic machine train which transmits the rotational movement to its planet carrier 84 and to the axle through the path of motion transmission between this train and the axle 16.
Pour le rapport de vitesse 3, le moyen 140 commande le déplacement simultané des deux baladeurs 122, 1 10 dans un sens allant toujours de la droite vers la gauche pour arriver à une position où l'arbre moteur 12 entraîne en rotation à la fois l'arbre creux de planétaire 38 et l'arbre creux de couronne 50. For the gear ratio 3, the means 140 controls the simultaneous movement of the two players 122, 1 10 in a direction always going from the right to the left to arrive at a position where the motor shaft 12 rotates at the same time. sun shaft 38 and crown hollow shaft 50.
Pour cette positon, le baladeur double 122 du synchroniseur 26 s'est déplacé mais reste toujours en liaison avec l'arbre moteur 12 et l'arbre creux de planétaire 38. Durant ce déplacement, la bague conique 1 14 et la denture intérieure 1 12 du baladeur 1 10 viennent en contact avec la surface conique de friction 1 16 et la portée cylindrique dentée 1 18 de l'arbre creux de couronne 50. For this positon, the double player 122 of the synchronizer 26 has moved but remains always in connection with the drive shaft 12 and the sun shaft 38. During this movement, the conical ring 1 14 and the internal toothing 1 12 of the player 1 10 come into contact with the conical friction surface 1 16 and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface 1 18 of the hollow crown shaft 50.
Dans cette configuration, la rotation de l'arbre 12 du moteur thermique 10 entraîne en rotation la couronne 46 ainsi que le planétaire 34 et en conséquence le porte-satellites 54. Cette rotation du porte-satellites est ensuite transmise au travers de la roue libre 64, de la bague 68 et du bandeau 70 à la couronne 72 du train épicycloïdal de machine qui transmet le mouvement de rotation à son porte- satellites 84 et à l'essieu au travers de la voie de transmission de mouvement entre ce train et l'essieu 16. In this configuration, the rotation of the shaft 12 of the heat engine 10 rotates the ring 46 and the sun gear 34 and consequently the planet carrier 54. This rotation of the planet carrier is then transmitted through the freewheel 64, of the ring 68 and the strip 70 to the ring gear 72 of the planetary gear train which transmits the rotational movement to its planet carrier 84 and to the axle through the path of motion transmission between this train and the axle 16.
Pour obtenir le rapport de vitesse 2, le moyen de commande 140 déplace simultanément les deux baladeurs 122, 1 10 dans le sens de la droite vers la gauche pour arriver à une position où l'arbre moteur 12 entraîne en rotation uniquement l'arbre creux de couronne 50. Pour réaliser cet entraînement, le baladeur 122 du synchroniseur 26 s'est déplacé mais reste uniquement en liaison en rotation avec la surface conique de friction et la portée cylindrique dentée portées par l'arbre moteur 12, la bague conique et la portée dentée du baladeur 122 étant désolidarisées de la surface conique de friction et de la portée cylindrique dentée de l'arbre de planétaire 40. To obtain the speed ratio 2, the control means 140 simultaneously moves the two players 122, 1 10 in the direction from right to left to arrive at a position where the drive shaft 12 rotates only the hollow shaft of crown 50. To perform this training, the player 122 of the synchronizer 26 has moved but remains only in rotational connection with the conical friction surface and the toothed cylindrical surface carried by the drive shaft 12, the conical ring and the toothed range of the player 122 being disconnected from the conical friction surface and the toothed cylindrical bearing surface of the sun gear shaft 40.
Pour ce rapport de vitesse, le synchroniseur reste en liaison en rotation avec l'arbre creux de couronne par son baladeur 1 10. Ainsi, la rotation de l'arbre 12 du moteur thermique 10 entraîne en rotation la couronne 46 qui entraîne en rotation les satellites 56 puis le porte-satellites 54. Comme pour les rapport décrits précédemment, cette rotation du porte-satellites est ensuite transmise au travers de la roue libre 64, de la bague 68 et du bandeau 70 à la couronne 72 du train épicycloïdal de machine qui transmet le mouvement de rotation à son porte-satellites 84 et à l'essieu au travers de la voie de transmission de mouvement entre ce train et l'essieu 16.  For this gear ratio, the synchronizer remains in rotational connection with the hollow crown shaft by its sliding 1 10. Thus, the rotation of the shaft 12 of the heat engine 10 rotates the ring 46 which drives in rotation the satellites 54 and the planet carrier 54. As for the reports described above, this rotation of the planet carrier is then transmitted through the free wheel 64, the ring 68 and the strip 70 to the ring 72 of the epicyclic machine train which transmits the rotational movement to its planet carrier 84 and to the axle through the motion transmission path between this train and the axle 16.
Cette roue libre est utile pour faciliter les passages de rapports de vitesse du rapport 1 vers le rapport 3, du rapport 3 vers le rapport 1 , du rapport 2 vers le rapport 3 et du rapport 3 vers le rapport 2. Le porte-satellites ne risque pas de tourner dans un sens de rotation non souhaité car cette roue libre permet de désolidariser l'autre train épicycloïdal du train épicycloïdal de moteur. Ceci permet, d'une part, d'utiliser les synchroniseurs dans de bonnes conditions, pour qu'ils n'aient à vaincre que les inerties du train épicycloïdal de moteur, et, d'autre part, de limiter la contrainte sur le contrôle du régime moteur à vide. This freewheel is useful to facilitate the gearshift from gear ratio 1 to ratio 3, gear 3 to gear 1, gear 2 to gear 3 and gear 3 to gear 2. Gear carrier There is no risk of rotating in an undesired direction of rotation because this free wheel makes it possible to separate the other epicyclic gear train from the epicyclic motor gear train. This allows, on the one hand, to use the synchronizers in good conditions, so that they have to overcome only the inertia of the motor epicyclic train, and, on the other hand, to limit the constraint on the control the engine idle speed.
La variante de la figure 2 se distingue de celle de la figure 1 par une disposition particulière de la roue libre qui se trouve placée sur la couronne de l'autre train. La position de la roue libre sur le porte-satellites du train épicycloïdal de moteur, tel que présentée sur la figure 1 , ou sur la couronne de l'autre train, tel que présentée sur la figure 2, peut être utilisée sur toutes les transmissions de ce type, qu'elles aient des synchroniseurs simples ou doubles, à commande unique ou séparée, voire même celles comportant des embrayages. L'utilisation de deux synchroniseurs simple effet contrôlés par un moyen de commande distinct 145 ne change en rien les différents passages de rapport de vitesse. Pour le rapport de vitesse 1 , l'arbre 12 est en liaison avec l'arbre creux de planétaire 38 par le synchroniseur 26, pour le rapport de vitesse 3, l'arbre 12 reste en liaison avec l'arbre creux de planétaire 38 par le synchroniseur 26 et est mis en liaison avec l'arbre creux de couronne 50 par le synchroniseur 28, et pour le rapport de vitesse 2, seul l'arbre creux de couronne 50 reste en liaison avec l'arbre 12 alors que l'arbre creux de planétaire 38 est désolidarisé de l'arbre moteur 12 par le synchroniseur 26. The variant of Figure 2 differs from that of Figure 1 by a particular arrangement of the freewheel which is placed on the crown of the other train. The position of the freewheel on the planet carrier of the epicyclic motor train, as shown in Figure 1, or on the crown of the other train, as shown in Figure 2, can be used on all transmissions of this type, they have single or double synchronizers, single or separate control, or even those with clutches. The use of two single-acting synchronizers controlled by a separate control means 145 does not change the different gear ratios. For the speed ratio 1, the shaft 12 is connected to the sun shaft 38 by the synchronizer 26, for the speed ratio 3, the shaft 12 remains in connection with the sun shaft 38 by the synchronizer 26 and is connected to the hollow crown shaft 50 by the synchronizer 28, and for the speed ratio 2, only the hollow crown shaft 50 remains in connection with the shaft 12 while the shaft planetary hollow 38 is disengaged from the drive shaft 12 by the synchronizer 26.
Pour ce qui est de la roue libre 64, celle-ci est placée entre une couronne dentée extérieurement 146 qui engrène avec un bandeau denté extérieurement 148 et porté par la paroi 60 du porte-satellites 54. Cette roue libre coopère également avec la surface périphérique lisse du bandeau 80 de la couronne 72 du train épicycloïdal de machine. Regarding the free wheel 64, it is placed between an externally toothed ring gear 146 which meshes with an externally toothed strip 148 and carried by the wall 60 of the planet carrier 54. This free wheel also cooperates with the peripheral surface. 80 crown ring 80 smooth of machine epicyclic gear.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de transmission à variation de vitesse se déroule de manière semblable à celui décrit en relation avec la figure 1 . The operation of the speed variation transmission device proceeds in a manner similar to that described with reference to FIG. 1.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 ) Groupe motopropulseur de véhicule automobile comportant un moteur thermique (10) avec un arbre (12), un dispositif de transmission à variation de vitesse (14) comprenant un train épicycloïdal de moteur (24) avec un planétaire (34) et une couronne (46) reliés chacun à l'arbre (12) du moteur thermique (10) par un accouplement à commande contrôlé (26, 28) et à une partie fixe (44) du véhicule par un accouplement automatique unidirectionnel (30, 32), et un porte- satellites (54) relié à un essieu (16) par une voie de transmission (96, 98), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un accouplement automatique unidirectionnel (64) reliant le porte-satellites (54) à ladite voie de transmission. Motor vehicle power train comprising a heat engine (10) with a shaft (12), a variable speed transmission device (14) comprising an epicyclic motor train (24) with a sun gear (34) and a crown (46) each connected to the shaft (12) of the engine (10) by a controlled-controlled coupling (26, 28) and a fixed part (44) of the vehicle by a one-way automatic coupling (30, 32), and a planet carrier (54) connected to an axle (16) by a transmission path (96, 98), characterized in that it comprises a unidirectional automatic coupling (64) connecting the planet carrier (54) to said transmission path.
2) Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 1 dans lequel le groupe comprend un autre train épicycloïdal (74) reliant le train épicycloïdal de moteur (24) à l'essieu, caractérisé en ce que l'accouplement unidirectionnel (64) est placé entre le porte-satellites (54) et une bague dentée (68) engrenant avec un bandeau denté (70) de l'autre train épicycloïdal (74). 2) Power train according to claim 1 wherein the group comprises another epicyclic gear train (74) connecting the epicyclic motor train (24) to the axle, characterized in that the unidirectional coupling (64) is placed between the door -satellites (54) and a toothed ring (68) meshing with a toothed strip (70) of the other epicyclic gear (74).
3) Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le bandeau denté (70) est porté par la couronne (72) de l'autre train épicycloïdal (74). 3) Powertrain according to claim 2, characterized in that the toothed strip (70) is carried by the ring (72) of the other epicyclic gear (74).
4) Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 1 dans lequel le groupe comprend un autre train épicycloïdal (74) reliant le train épicycloïdal de moteur (24) à l'essieu, caractérisé en ce que l'accouplement unidirectionnel (64) est placé entre une couronne dentée (146) engrenant avec un bandeau denté (148) porté par le porte-satellite (54) et un bandeau (80) de l'autre train épicycloïdal (74). 4) A power train according to claim 1 wherein the group comprises another epicyclic train (74) connecting the epicyclic motor train (24) to the axle, characterized in that the unidirectional coupling (64) is placed between a crown toothed gear (146) meshing with a toothed strip (148) carried by the planet carrier (54) and a strip (80) of the other epicyclic gear (74).
5) Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le bandeau denté (148) est porté par le porte-satellites (54) du train épicycloïdal de moteur (24). 5) Powertrain according to claim 4, characterized in that the toothed strip (148) is carried by the planet carrier (54) of the epicyclic motor train (24).
6) Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'accouplement unidirectionnel est une roue libre (64). 7) Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les accouplements comprennent des synchroniseurs (26, 28) contrôlés par des moyens de commande (140, 145). 8) Groupe motopropulseur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ce que les moyens de commande comprennent une commande unique (140) reliant en translation les deux synchroniseurs (26, 28). 6) power train according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unidirectional coupling is a free wheel (64). 7) Powertrain according to claim 1, characterized in that the couplings comprise synchronizers (26, 28) controlled by control means (140, 145). 8) Powertrain according to claim 7, characterized in that the control means comprise a single control (140) connecting in translation the two synchronizers (26, 28).
9) Groupe motopropulseur selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'un des synchroniseurs est un synchroniseur à double effet (26). 9) Powertrain according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that one of the synchronizers is a double-acting synchronizer (26).
10) Véhicule automobile caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un groupe motopropulseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9. 10) Motor vehicle characterized in that it comprises a powertrain according to one of claims 1 to 9.
PCT/EP2014/073092 2013-11-29 2014-10-28 Power train of a vehicle and vehicle WO2015078645A1 (en)

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FR1361858A FR3014036B1 (en) 2013-11-29 2013-11-29 POWERTRAIN FOR DRIVING A MOTOR VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A HYBRID VEHICLE.

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