FR3105314A1 - Ventilation system of a motor vehicle. - Google Patents

Abstract

Title of the invention: Ventilation system of a motor vehicle. The present invention relates to a ventilation system (1) comprising at least one propeller (4), a drive motor (20) of the propeller (4) and a support frame (2) intended to channel a flow. air from or to the propeller (4) and comprising a housing (24) in which is disposed the drive motor (20) which comprises at least one motor shaft (54), one end (56, 58) of which is integral with the propeller (4) and an electromagnetic device (76) intended to drive the propeller (4) in rotation, the housing comprising at least one hub (48) which carries one end (56, 58) of the shaft motor (54). Abstract figure: Figure 1

Description

Motor vehicle ventilation system.

The present invention relates to the field of ventilation systems for a heat exchanger. It relates more particularly to the integration of a drive motor for a propeller in the ventilation system.

Motor vehicles have many heat exchangers which allow the thermal regulation of the components necessary for the operation of a motor vehicle, for example an electric or combustion engine. Some of these heat exchangers ensure, by means of an air flow passing through them, a heat transfer with the component of the vehicle with which they are associated. This is particularly the case of a heat exchanger operating as a radiator and positioned on the front face of the motor vehicle. Such a radiator makes it possible to ensure the thermal regulation of the engine of the vehicle and is generally coupled to a ventilation system to form a thermal regulation system favoring the formation of an air flow for the management of the heat exchange between a heat transfer fluid circulating in the heat exchanger and the ambient air.

Usually, the ventilation system comprises a support frame carrying a propeller formed by a bowl from which extend a plurality of blades. The support frame has a mouth in which radially extend stiffening arms, which carry a central ring. The center ring of the support frame is provided to house the propeller drive motor. More particularly, the box comprising the drive motor is supported by the central ring of the support frame.

A disadvantage of such a ventilation system comes from the fact that the arrangement of the housing of the drive motor in the ring of the support frame limits the possibilities of compacting the ventilation system and prevents the dimensional reduction of the front face of the vehicle. automobile.

The object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the drawback cited above by designing a ventilation system comprising a drive motor, the integration of which into said ventilation system is optimized to increase the compactness of the latter, while maintaining optimal flow circulation performance.

The invention therefore relates to a ventilation system comprising at least one propeller, a drive motor for the propeller and a support frame intended to channel a flow of air from or towards the propeller, the drive motor comprising at least one motor shaft, one end of which is secured to the propeller, and an electromagnetic device intended to drive the propeller in rotation, the ventilation system being characterized in that the support frame comprises at least one casing in which is arranged at least one hub which carries one end of the motor shaft.

The ventilation system can be associated with a heat exchanger of the radiator type, and then has the function of channeling a flow of air from or to this radiator. In particular, the support frame comprises a casing and a circular mouth, the casing being intended to concentrate the flow of air in the mouth of the support frame. The support frame then carries the propeller intended to amplify the flow of air circulating through the mouth of the support frame, towards the radiator.

The support frame also includes a plurality of stiffening arms which extend radially in the mouth and which hold the case centrally in said mouth of the support frame. This allows the propeller, carried by one of the ends of the motor shaft, to be placed facing the mouth.

The electromagnetic device of the drive motor comprises at least one rotor and one stator. The cooperation between the rotor and the stator via an electric current circulating in the rotor, then ensures the rotation of the motor shaft along an axis of rotation and thus drives the propeller to which it is subject in rotation.

The hub carrying one of the ends of the motor shaft is formed by a connection opening comprising a raised edge at the periphery, the raised edge extending in a direction opposite to the propeller. It is then understood that the motor shaft passes through the connection opening of the hub in order to be integral with the propeller and that the raised edge makes it possible to maintain it in position in the connection opening.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the hub carries the end of the motor shaft which is secured to the propeller.

According to a characteristic of the invention, a rotation bearing is arranged between the hub and the end of the motor shaft.

The rotation bearing extends radially around the motor shaft, between the latter and the raised edge of the hub. The function of the rotation bearing is to allow the movement of the motor shaft relative to the hub and in particular in relation to its raised edge, so that the motor shaft drives the propeller in rotation. The rotation bearing can consist of a ball or needle bearing or even a plain ring.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the casing of the support frame delimits a housing within which the entire electromagnetic device of the drive motor is arranged.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the drive motor comprises a control board of the electromagnetic device, the control board extending in the housing of the box.

The function of the control card is to control the operation of the drive motor, and in particular the distribution of the electric current in the rotor of the electromagnetic device.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the electromagnetic device of the drive motor comprises at least one magnetic element arranged circumferentially in the housing of the box, the housing comprising at least one element for fixing the magnetic element relative to the box.

The magnetic element of the electromagnetic device forms the stator of the drive motor. It is then understood that the magnetic element is arranged between the box and the rotor of the drive motor, that is to say on the periphery in the housing of the box. The fixing element is then also positioned at the periphery in the housing of the case so that it cooperates with the magnetic element of the electromagnetic device.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the electromagnetic device comprises at least two magnetic elements, the fixing element extending circumferentially between the two magnetic elements.

It is understood from this characteristic that the fixing element is capable of cooperating with two magnetic elements arranged on either side of the latter.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the at least one fixing element is integral with at least one circumferential end of the magnetic element of the electromagnetic device.

The fastening element arranged circumferentially between two magnetic elements is then secured to one of the circumferential ends of a first magnetic element and to one of the circumferential ends of a second magnetic element.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the box comprises a bottom interposed between the electromagnetic device and the propeller.

More specifically, the box comprises the bottom of circular shape and a peripheral wall which extends around the periphery of said bottom and transversely to the latter, so that they delimit the housing of the box. The hub is then placed in the bottom of the box, so that the connection opening is made in the bottom and the raised edge emerges from the bottom and extends into the housing of the box. Alternatively to the hub and its raised edge, a hollow made in the bottom of the case or raised pins emerging from the bottom of the case can be made in such a way that they ensure the maintenance of the end of the motor shaft.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the fixing element and the circumferential end of the magnetic element have complementary shapes.

It is understood that the complementary shapes of the fixing element and of the circumferential end of the magnetic element allow the latter to be integral with one another.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the at least one fixing element is integral with the housing of the support frame.

According to a feature of the invention, a metal disc can extend into the housing of the box, between the latter and the magnetic element. The metal disc then has the function of limiting electromagnetic interference between the electromagnetic device of the drive motor and an environment outside the ventilation system.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the support frame comprises a cover which covers the housing, the cover being arranged opposite the propeller with respect to the electromagnetic device.

The cover then comprises an additional hub which extends into the housing when the cover is positioned overlapping said housing, and which allows the maintenance of one end of the motor shaft, opposite to the end of the motor shaft bearing the propeller. An additional rotation bearing can then be provided between the additional hub and the end of the drive shaft that it holds, in order to allow the rotary movement of the drive shaft relative to said additional hub.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the cover comprises a fixing means capable of cooperating with the support frame.

The ventilation system detailed above is very particularly intended for a motor vehicle, in particular a front face of a motor vehicle.

Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows on the one hand, and several examples of embodiment given by way of indication and not limitation with reference to the appended schematic drawings on the other. part, on which:

is a general perspective view of a first face of a ventilation system according to the invention, showing a support frame comprising a casing;

is a general perspective view of a second face of the ventilation system of FIG. 1, showing a propeller arranged in a mouth of the support frame;

is a close-up view of the case delimiting a housing in which fastening elements are made;

is an exploded view of the ventilation system showing a cover, an electromagnetic device of a drive motor of the propeller, the support frame and said propeller;

is a sectional view along an axial plane of the housing of the support frame;

is a close-up view of the housing of the box in which the magnetic elements of the electromagnetic device of the drive motor are arranged.

The features, variants and different embodiments of the invention may be associated with each other, in various combinations, insofar as they are not incompatible or exclusive of each other. It is possible in particular to imagine variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described below in isolation from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from to the state of the prior art.

In the figures, the elements common to several figures retain the same reference.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a ventilation system 1 which aims to generate and channel a flow of incoming air in the direction of a heat exchanger (not shown), for example a radiator, so that the flow of air is pushed through the radiator to achieve a heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid circulating in said radiator. The ventilation system 1 comprises at least one support frame 2 carrying a propeller 4, the rotation of which makes it possible to generate the air flow.

The support frame 2, configured to be fixed on a front face of a motor vehicle, here has the shape of a rectangular plate formed of an envelope 6 on which is formed a mouth 8. The mouth 8 is delimited at the periphery by a circular border 10, in which the propeller 4 is housed.

The propeller 4 is formed by a bowl 12 carrying a plurality of blades 14. The blades 14 extend radially from the bowl 12 and are held together at their end by a retaining ring 16. A connection cylinder 18 hollow is formed in the center of the bowl 12 of the propeller 4. The connection cylinder 18 has the particular function of allowing the attachment of the propeller 4 to a drive motor 20, the characteristics of which will be explained later in the continuation of the detailed description.

In the assembled state, an inner contour of the circular border 10 of the mouth 8 is facing the retaining ring 16 of the propeller 4, so that the profile of the propeller 4 merges with the profile of the support frame 2.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, stiffening arms 22 extend radially from the circular edge 10 of the mouth 8, as far as a casing 24 formed in the center of the mouth 8. The casing 24 defines in particular a housing 26 in which is provided the drive motor 20 of the propeller 4, the latter being covered by a cover 28 secured to the housing 24.

The drive motor 20 and the box 24 will now be described in more detail in conjunction with Figures 3 to 6.

The case 24, particularly visible in Figure 3, has a cylindrical shape which defines an axis of revolution X. The cylindrical shape of the case 24 is defined by a bottom 30 and a peripheral wall 32 which surrounds the bottom 30. The case 24 has an internal face 34 which delimits the housing 26 of the box 24 and an external face 35 opposite the internal face 34 and facing away from the volume of the housing 26.

A rim 36 is formed at a free end of the peripheral wall 32, such that it extends radially from said free end of the peripheral wall 32, in a direction opposite to the volume of the housing 26. The rim 36 comprises a flat face 38 facing an external environment of the ventilation system 1 and a plurality of ribs 40 which extend in an axial direction along the axis of revolution X of the box 24, the plurality of ribs 40 forming a plurality of cavities 42 on the flat face 38 of the edge 36 of the box 24. At least one projection 44 extends radially in at least one of the cavities 42 of the edge 36, such that it allows the blocking in position of a fixing means 46 of the cover 28 in said cavity 42. The cooperation between the cover 28 and the box 24 will be detailed later in the description.

The border 36 is also secured to the stiffening arms 22 of the support frame 2 mentioned above. It is then understood that the stiffening arms 22 extend from the circular edge 10 of the support frame 2 to the edge 36 of the box 24, so that the box 24 is held centrally in position in the mouth 8 of the frame support 2. The plurality of ribs 40 formed on the edge 36 of the box 24 then has the function of reinforcing said edge 36 in order to ensure optimal cooperation with the stiffening arms 22.

A hub 48 is formed in the bottom 30 of the box 24 and such that the latter is centered on the bottom 30 with respect to the axis of revolution X of the box 24. The hub 48 is formed of a connection opening 50 and a raised edge 52 on the periphery of the connection opening 50. More precisely, the raised edge 52 extends into the housing 26 of the box 24, around the connection opening 50.

The connection opening 50 of the hub 48 has the function of allowing the passage of a motor shaft 54 of the drive motor 20 and the raised edge 52 has the function of maintaining said motor shaft 54 in the connection opening 50 , as is particularly visible in Figure 5. The motor shaft 54 then defines an axis of rotation R of the drive motor 20 and this axis of rotation R coincides with the axis of revolution X of the housing 24 cylindrical.

A first end 56 and a second end 58 of the motor shaft 54 are defined, opposite each other in the axial direction of the drive motor 20. As can be seen in FIG. 5, the first end 56 of the motor shaft 54 passes through the connection opening 50 of the hub 48 of the bottom 30 of the housing 24, so that the first end 56 is integral with the propeller 4. More precisely, the first end 56 is fixed to the connection cylinder 18 made in the bowl 12 carrying the plurality of blades 14. A fixing means 60 then makes it possible to fix the first end 56 of the motor shaft 54 with the connection cylinder 18, this fixing means 60 which can be for example a target.

According to one characteristic of the invention, a rotation bearing 62 is provided between the first end 56 of the motor shaft 54 and the hub 48 supporting the housing 24. More specifically, the rotation bearing 62 is provided between the raised edge 52 of the connection opening 50 of the hub 48 and the first end 56 of the motor shaft 54. Such a rotation bearing 62 allows the rotary movement of the motor shaft 54 along the axis of rotation R with respect to to the hub 48 and the latter may for example take the form of a ball or needle bearing or else of a plain ring.

The cover 28, particularly visible in FIG. 4, has a complementary circular shape to the cylindrical shape of the box 24 and is intended to cover the housing 26 of the latter. The cover 28 comprises at least one dome 64 and the at least one fixing means 46 which extends radially from the dome 64. The dome 64, intended to cover the housing 26 of the box 24, is circular in shape and extends on a radial dimension identical to the circumference of said housing 26 defined by the box 24.

According to the example illustrated, the cover 28 comprises three fixing means 46 which extend radially from the periphery of the dome 64 so that they are capable of cooperating with one of the cavities 42 of the edge 36 of the box 24 bearing the projection 44. It is then understood that the fixing means 46 are intended to be housed in the cavities 42 of the edge 36, so that they extend between the flat face 38 and the projection 44, and that a screw-type fixing member allows for example to block the fixing means 46 in this configuration.

At least one ventilation opening 68 can be provided on the dome 64 of the cover 28. It is understood that the ventilation opening 68 has the function of allowing the circulation of air between the housing 26 comprising the drive motor 20 of the propeller 4 and the environment outside said housing 26. This avoids the phenomena of overheating due to the operation of the drive motor 20, and the life of the ventilation system 1 is thus increased.

The cover 28 also includes an additional hub 70 for the second end 58 of the motor shaft 54. The additional hub 70 is formed by a blind hole 72 formed opposite the housing 26 when the cover 28 is mounted on the box 24, such that it makes it possible to accommodate the second end 58 of the motor shaft 54. Between the additional hub 70 and the second end 58 of the motor shaft 54 is arranged an additional rolling bearing 74, which can take the form for example a ball bearing, needle bearing or plain ring. It is then understood that the additional rolling bearing 74 allows the motor shaft 54 to be rotatable along the axis of rotation R, relative to the additional hub 70 formed on the cover 28.

In order to drive the motor shaft 54 in rotation, the drive motor 20 comprises an electromagnetic device 76 comprising at least one rotor 78 and at least one magnetic element 80 which may for example be a magnet. According to one characteristic of the invention, the entirety of the electromagnetic device 76 of the drive motor 20 is housed in the housing 26 of the box 24. To this end, the box 24 comprises at least one fixing element 82 intended to block in position the magnetic element 80 of the drive motor 20, in the housing 26 of the said box 24.

The fixing element 82 intended to hold the magnetic element 80 of the drive motor 20 in the housing 26 of the box 24, is provided on the periphery of the housing 26, that is to say against the internal face 34 of the box. 24. More precisely, the box 24 comprises four fixing elements 80 distributed circumferentially in the housing 26 of the box 24, and in such a way that they are separated from each other by an angle of 45° taken with respect to the center of revolution X of the box 24.

Each of the fixing elements 82 extends radially from the peripheral wall 32 of the box 24 and against the bottom 30 thereof. It is then understood that the fixing elements 82 are integral with the box 24 of the support frame 2.

Each of the attachment elements 82 comprises a first attachment wall 84 and a second attachment wall 86 which project radially from the peripheral wall 32 and which each take the form of a V, when viewed in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. of the motor shaft. More specifically, the tip of the first fixing wall 84 and the tip of the second fixing wall 86, formed by the V-shape of these walls, are directed towards each other but at a distance from each other. the other.

As can be seen in FIG. 6, the electromagnetic device 76 comprises four magnetic elements 80. The magnetic elements 80 are arranged on the periphery of the housing 26, that is to say against the internal face 34 of said housing 26. The elements magnetic 80 then have a curved shape so that they follow the cylindrical shape of the box 24 in which they are housed. Thus, each of the four magnetic elements 80 is arranged against the internal face 34 of the box 24, between two adjacent fixing elements 82.

Each of the magnetic elements 80 comprises a first circumferential end 88 and a second circumferential end 90, opposite one another on the magnetic element 80 and such that each faces one of the fixing elements 82. The first circumferential end 88 and the second circumferential end 90 of the magnetic elements 80 have a pointed shape, so that they are able to cooperate with the V-shape of the fixing elements 82. It is therefore understood that the circumferential ends 88 , 90 of the magnetic elements 80 and the fixing elements 82 have complementary shapes, ensuring the fixing of said magnetic elements 80 in the housing 26 of the box 24.

More precisely, one of the magnetic elements 80 is arranged circumferentially between a first fixing element 82a and a second fixing element 82b separated from each other in the housing 26 by an angle of 45°. The first circumferential end 88 of said magnetic element 80 is then fixed to the second fixing wall 86 of the first fixing element 82a while the second circumferential end 90 is fixed to the first fixing wall 84 of the second fixing element 82a. It is understood that this characteristic of the magnetic element 80 applies to all of the magnetic elements 80 of the drive motor 20.

The rotor 78 of the drive motor 20 is arranged radially around the motor shaft 54 and in such a way that they are integral with one another. It is then understood that the rotor 78 extends radially between the motor shaft 54 and the magnetic elements 80. The rotor 78 comprises an electromagnetic winding 91, visible in FIG. 5, intended to be traversed by an electric current, so that that it generates a magnetic field. The magnetic field thus created by the electromagnetic winding 91 of the rotor 78 makes it possible, in cooperation with the magnetic elements 80 positioned on the periphery of the housing 26, to propel the rotor 78 in rotation around the axis of rotation R of the drive motor 20 It is then understood that the rotary movement of the rotor 78 along the axis of rotation R, also rotates the motor shaft 54 of which it is integral, the rotation being possible by the rotation bearing 62 and the additional rotation bearing 74 arranged respectively at the hub 48 and the additional hub 70. Such cooperation thus causes the propeller 4, integral with the first end 56 of the motor shaft 54, in rotary motion along the axis of rotation R of the motor. training 20.

Depending on the flow of electric current in the electromagnetic coil 91, the magnetic field that the latter generates can attract or repel the rotor 78 relative to the magnetic elements 80. This allows the rotary movement of the rotor 78 in opposite directions of rotation and thus a rotational movement of the propeller 4 in opposite directions of rotation from each other. The propeller 4 of the ventilation system 1 can then push the flow of air towards the radiator or conversely, evacuate the flow of air outside of said radiator.

In order to control the speed of rotation of the rotor 78, the drive motor 20 comprises a control card 92 of the electromagnetic device 76. More precisely, the control card 92 extends in the housing 26 of the box 24, between the cover 28 and the electromagnetic device 76 of the drive motor 20. The control card 92 then has a plate 94 of circular shape and also comprises a connector 96 which extends radially around the periphery of the circular plate 94 of the control card. control 92. The connector 96 is intended to connect the control card 92 to a control device (not shown) external to the ventilation system 1 and thus extends outside the volume defined by the housing 26 of the box 24.

To this end, a connector passage 98 is formed on the edge 36 of the box 24. The passage of the connector 98 corresponds to a portion of the edge 36 devoid of rib 40 and whose circumferential dimension allows the passage of the connector 98 of the card of command 92.

An orifice 100 for the passage of the motor shaft 54 is provided on the plate 94 of the control card 92, so that it allows the passage of the motor shaft 54. The passage orifice 100 extends in the control card 92 over a circumference with a diameter strictly greater than the diameter of the motor shaft 54. It is understood from this characteristic that the periphery of the orifice 100 of the control card 92 is at a distance from the motor shaft 54 and that thus the control card 92 is intended to be immobile in the housing 26 of the box 24 of the support frame 2 when using the ventilation system 1.

According to one characteristic of the invention, the ventilation system 1 comprises a metal disc 102 housed in the box 24. More specifically, the metal disc 102 is molded into the peripheral wall 32 of the box 24 during the manufacture of the frame of support 2, and the overmolding is such that the metal disc 102 is held in position at the level of the fixing elements 82 and is left visible between each of the fixing elements 82. The metal disc 102 has the particular function of limiting the magnetic interference between the drive motor 20 and electrical or magnetic devices external to the ventilation system 1.

A switch 104 is arranged radially around the motor shaft 54, between the rotor 78 and the control card 92. The function of the switch 104 is then to allow the distribution of the current in the electromagnetic winding 91 of the rotor 78 in order to drive in rotation along the axis of rotation R as has been previously described.

It is understood from the foregoing that the electromagnetic device 76 of the drive motor 20 of the propeller 4 is entirely included in the housing 26 of the box 24, that the bottom 30 of the said box 24 is interposed between the said drive motor 20 and the propeller 4, and that the cover 28 covering the housing 26 is arranged opposite the propeller 4 with respect to the electromagnetic device 76.

The invention thus successfully achieves the goal it had set itself by designing a simple means of reducing the size of the ventilation system of a heat exchanger positioned at the front of a motor vehicle. This makes it possible to reduce the axial dimension of the ventilation system.

The invention cannot however be limited to the means and configurations exclusively described and illustrated, and also applies to all means or configurations, equivalents and to any combination of such means or configurations.

Claims (12)

Ventilation system (1) comprising at least one propeller (4), a drive motor (20) for the propeller (4) and a support frame (2) intended to channel a flow of air from or to the propeller (4), the drive motor (20) comprising at least one motor shaft (54), one end (56, 58) of which is integral with the propeller (4) and an electromagnetic device (76) intended to drive the propeller (4) in rotation, the ventilation system (1) being characterized in that the support frame (2) comprises at least one casing (24) in which is formed at least one hub (48) which carries a end (56, 58) of the motor shaft (54). Ventilation system (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the hub (48) carries the end (56) of the motor shaft (54) which is integral with the propeller (4). Ventilation system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which a rotation bearing (62) is disposed between the hub (48) and the end (56, 58) of the motor shaft (54). Ventilation system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the casing (24) of the support frame (2) delimits a housing (26) within which the entire electromagnetic device (76) of the drive motor (20). Ventilation system (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the drive motor (20) comprises a control board (92) of the electromagnetic device (76), the control board (92) extending in the housing ( 26) of the box (24). Ventilation system (1) according to any one of claims 4 or 5, in which the electromagnetic device (76) of the drive motor (20) comprises at least one magnetic element (80) disposed circumferentially in the housing (26) of the case (24), the housing (26) comprising at least one fixing element (82) of the magnetic element (80) with respect to the case (24). Ventilation system (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the electromagnetic device (76) comprises at least two magnetic elements (80), the fixing element (82) extending circumferentially between the two magnetic elements (80). Ventilation system (1) according to any one of claims 6 or 7, in which the at least one fixing element (82) is integral with at least one circumferential end (88, 90) of the magnetic element (80 ) of the electromagnetic device (76). Ventilation system (1) according to the preceding claim, in which the fixing element (82) and the circumferential end (88, 90) of the magnetic element (80) have complementary shapes. Ventilation system (1) according to any one of Claims 6 to 9, in which the at least one fixing element (82) is integral with the casing (24) of the support frame (2). Ventilation system (1) according to claim 4 to 10, in which the support frame (2) comprises a cover (28) which covers the housing (26), the cover (28) being disposed opposite the propeller (4) relative to the electromagnetic device (76). Ventilation system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the box (24) comprises a bottom (30) interposed between the electromagnetic device (76) and the propeller (4).