FR3093659A1 - Device for waste analysis, recognition and automatic sorting of beverage packaging - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for waste analysis, recognition and automatic sorting of beverage packaging. The invention relates to a device (100) comprising a system for analyzing the waste introduced in relation to the device and automatically recognizing beverage packaging such as recyclable plastic bottles, glass bottles and metal cans in order to separate them. other waste in order to prepare it for sorting. The system for analyzing and recognizing the device (100) consists of various sensors and at least one light source controlled by an electronic processing unit (80) while the operational sorting system consists of at least one mobile platform (40), as well as a vertical duct (30) at the end of at least one mobile arm (34), the assembly making it possible to direct the waste (1) to one of the extraction orifices ( 21) selected by the electronic processing unit (80). The device according to the invention can be integrated into a street basket, and is therefore particularly intended for the collection of packaging waste and the pre-sorting of beverage packaging. The particularity of this invention is its flexibility since the number and the different sorting categories can be adjusted according to the operator's needs, it can also integrate an energy self-sufficiency system under certain conditions. Finally, it grants an original reward to the user who introduces waste (1) into the device (100), by allowing him to recharge a small electronic device on the device (100). Figure for the abstract: Fig 1

Description

Device for waste analysis, recognition and automatic sorting of beverage packaging.

Invention background

The present invention relates to an automatic waste sorting device. The invention incorporates a unique recognition process for certain types of "hollow body" packaging, mainly representing beverage packaging such as recyclable plastic PET bottles, metal cans and in some cases glass bottles for their preparations. to recycling.

Recycling waste has become essential since its volumes are constantly increasing around the world, to the point of becoming a serious threat to the environment. The packaging of everyday products, consumed daily, represents a considerable part of the volume of waste to be treated. To effectively manage their end uses and protect the environment, the recycling industries have developed and brought technological and societal solutions to collect and sort this packaging waste by category of materials in order to revalorize them, mainly through recycling.

The organization of packaging recycling, pushed by Europe and in particular France from the beginning of the 1990s, is in a way a pioneer in the development of the circular economy. For packaging recycling to be effective, the whole chain of actions must feel concerned and act, in particular the consumer.

Thus, in France, we have seen the appearance of instructions for sorting packaging in all households, and the construction of industrial sites for sorting and recycling the various packaging materials.

If the rules for sorting packaging are increasingly respected by the French within their homes, allowing a recycling rate of packaging estimated close to 70% in 2018, on the other hand the packaging of products consumed outside the home is only too few or difficult to sort upstream.

However, the proportion of packaging for products consumed outside the home, mainly food, represents large quantities of materials. Especially since the "nomadic" mode of food consumption is booming: for example, the turnover of snacking has tripled in the last fifteen years in France. But these recoverable materials are recycled too little, for lack of sorting upstream.

Many attempts have been made to encourage citizens to sort their waste when they are away from home, including the installation of biflux street bins (a yellow bag for packaging waste and a black bag for all other waste) but the results are not convincing, the yellow bags are “polluted” by too much waste other than packaging, which makes these flows difficult to use in sorting centres. Under these conditions, sorting and recycling costs skyrocket, making the process uneconomically viable.

Two questions then arise:

• How to increase waste collection? In particular the perfectly recyclable packaging of products consumed outside the home?
• How to improve source sorting of the packaging of these products consumed outside the home, to obtain more homogeneous and usable material flows for sorting centres?

The invention therefore relates to a device of reduced size which can be integrated into a storage device for the various types of waste, making it possible to collect the waste and automatically pre-sort the bottles and cans. These drink packaging, although perfectly recyclable, represent a significant part of the waste that is found dispersed in the environment. In a particular case, they are stored by type of waste in different pockets or compartments in order to prepare them for recycling.

The main difficulty with sorting at source, outside the home, stems from the fact that Citizens, even if they are increasingly responsible, are generally very busy and in a hurry outside their homes, so much so that they only lend very little attention where they throw their waste. The device will therefore be attractive and fun to encourage citizens to throw their metal can or their plastic or glass bottle into the device. But it will above all be practical and effective in correcting the user's sorting action if the user made a mistake by introducing waste other than a can or a bottle into the device. The device will also be versatile, adaptable and inexpensive in order to duplicate it as much as possible and increase the capture capacities of these deposits, which are too little exploited to date and yet perfectly recoverable.

Today, systems for collecting beverage packaging, by voluntary contribution from citizens, are currently in place in France. These devices, also bottle and can compactors, are particularly bulky, complex and expensive, which limits their distribution. In some places, their installations are relevant, in particular in large food stores for example or even in Company headquarters. But their installations on public roads, in parks, university residences and in general in ERPs (Establishments open to the public) is more delicate.

Finally, a device for sorting, compacting and storing drink packaging in a format similar to a conventional basket exists, but its mode of operation and recognition limits its use only to small bottle formats and its storage capacities are limited. It also does not sort glass bottles.

The present invention relates to an automatic analysis and sorting device capable of identifying certain types of recyclable packaging such as recyclable plastic bottles, metal cans, and in some cases glass bottles, as well as a specific process for recognizing and automatic sorting of these categories of recyclable packaging that can be implemented by such a device.

More precisely, the invention relates to a device of simple, effective and adaptable design, inside which waste is introduced, directly by a user in certain cases.

The waste is then automatically analyzed by a unique process of identifying certain "hollow bodies" packaging such as metal cans, recyclable plastic bottles and glass bottles, and is then sorted. The device being characterized in that it comprises:

• An upper cover incorporating a main opening through which the waste is introduced into the device, as well as at least one movable flap which, in the initial horizontal position, covers all or part of the surface of the main opening.
• A variable-geometry vertical pipe that surrounds, partially or totally, the waste during the analysis process and the needle during the sorting phase; the vertical conduit with variable geometry being positioned at the end of at least one mobile arm, the assembly having the possibility of moving in rotation around a vertical axis.
• A planar support base incorporating at least two orifices located on the path of movement of the variable-geometry vertical duct; not accessible to the user, they allow the extraction of the various waste from the device (100).
• At least one mobile platform, adjoining the support base, consisting of at least one of the following two distinct zones:
• a waste reception area incorporating a material capable of absorbing shocks,
• an analysis zone comprising at least one sensor.
• An electronic processing system, consisting of a processing unit, at least one light source and at least three sensors, constituting a means of measuring certain physical properties of the waste and of identifying it.

Integrated into a collection basket, itself placed on the public highway or in an ERP such as a park, a station, a tourist site, etc., the present invention is particularly advantageous in the sense that it facilitates sorting waste for a user who wishes to get rid of the packaging of a drink "cleanly", which he consumes outside his home. The user will only have to introduce his can or bottle into the device, without asking any further questions since the device will automatically process the waste to optimize its subsequent recycling. And if he makes a mistake by throwing away waste other than a can or an empty bottle, the automation of the device will make it possible to correct this error by removing the waste from the recyclable packaging. The system will thus guarantee homogeneous pre-sorted flows, making it possible to optimize the recycling sector and considerably limit the impact of packaging on the environment.

In addition, its adaptability and versatility are essential assets for duplicating this invention by adapting it to different places, needs... (both indoors and outdoors) which will increase the collection rate of beverage packaging from out-of-home consumption. On the other hand, given the limited number of actuators allowing the operation of the device, a variant, powered by a solar panel or a piezoelectric slab will allow the device to be energy self-sufficient, reinforcing its adaptability. Thanks to the device, the pre-sorting of this packaging will facilitate work in the sorting center and will significantly increase the packaging recycling rate.

Finally, this invention is fully in line with the Circular Economy approach since this device responds to several measures prescribed in the March 2018 roadmap established by the French Government.

According to a particular embodiment, each movable flap is connected to the upper cowl by a horizontal pivot connection so as to allow the rotation of the flap around this pivot, when a vertical pressure is exerted on the top of the flap or flaps.

According to a particular embodiment, the horizontal pivot connection of each flap incorporates a return spring allowing the automatic return of the flap to its respective original position, when no more mechanical pressure is exerted on the flap.

According to a particular embodiment integrating at least two flaps, each flap comprises an impermeable and electrically conductive surface so that the electric current can flow from flap to flap when the surface of a waste, current conductor, is in simultaneous contact with at least two flaps.

According to a particular embodiment, each flap incorporates an electromagnet controlled by the electronic processing unit, constituting a means of locking the flap in the horizontal position.

According to a particular embodiment, the vertical duct with variable geometry is composed of at least one part, the width of which is greater than the diameter of the upper opening of the device.

According to a particular embodiment, the vertical duct with variable geometry is partially split along the vertical at one or more place(s) so as to allow either its internal widening, or the opening of its circumference by at least two branches (30a , 30b, ..) of the duct which deviate from each other, characterizing a means of freeing a possible object stuck in the vertical duct.

According to a particular embodiment, the vertical duct incorporates in its lower part, two orifices facing each other, completely crossing the wall of the vertical duct, so as to allow the passage of a horizontal light beam through these orifices.

According to a particular embodiment, the reception zone of a mobile platform incorporates a specific material capable of absorbing shocks comprising at least one of:

• syntactic foam
• flexible elastomer

According to a particular embodiment, the analysis zone of a mobile platform comprises at least one sensor from among the following:

• force sensor(s) or strain gauge
• presence sensor(s)
• shock sensor(s)
• light sensor(s)

According to a particular embodiment, in which a support base incorporates 2 or 3 orifices, and characterized in that the same mobile platform, integrating the waste reception zones and the analysis zone, comprises for its movement, one of the following devices:

• device comprising at least one endless screw connected to the mobile platform and controlled by an electric motor, allowing the movement of the platform in translation.
• device comprising at least one belt, driven by an electric motor, which tows the mobile platform in translation.
• device comprising at least one vertical axis controlled by an electric motor passing through the support base and connected to the mobile platform, allowing the movement of the platform in rotation with respect to this axis.

According to a particular embodiment, the reception zone of the mobile platform, in the initial position, as well as the different orifices allowing the extraction of the different waste, are located in the path of movement of the vertical conduit.

According to a particular embodiment, in the case of a support base integrating 4 orifices, two mobile platforms (40) integrate for one the reception zone (41) of the waste (1), for the other the zones of analysis (42), and for each, the vertical axis of an electric motor passing through the support base (20) and allowing the rotation of the platform around this axis.

According to a particular embodiment, the electronic processing unit comprises at least one microcontroller able to coordinate all the sensors and light sources distributed in the device, to centralize and analyze the data coming from these sensors, and to control the or the motorized systems of the device.

According to a particular embodiment, the system is able to identify a glass bottle or a recyclable plastic bottle of the PET type introduced into the device, the system integrating at least the following analysis and measurement elements:

• an electronic processing unit.
• at least one force sensor, or strain gauge, capable of measuring the weight of the waste.
• at least one presence sensor, at least one of which is positioned at the peak height of the smallest standard bottle format on the market in question.

And at least one of:

• a refractometer
• a shock sensor coming into contact with the waste, able to measure the rigidity of the waste
• an infrared or near infrared spectroscope in reflection
• at least one light sensor located in the axis of projection of a light beam, produced by at least one light source, to which it is sensitive

According to a particular embodiment, the waste is positioned, during analysis, in the axis of projection of the light beam between the active light source(s) and the sensor(s). ) of light intensity.

According to a particular embodiment, at least one light source produces a beam capable of completely passing through the waste analyzed when the latter is translucent, and is positioned according to at least one of the following configurations:

• at a height between 0 and 40 mm in relation to the base of the analyzed waste; the light beam being oriented along a horizontal axis, characterizing a means of transversely illuminating the waste in the lower part thereof.
• above the analyzed waste, the light beam being oriented downwards following or being close to a vertical axis, characterizing a means of illuminating the waste from above in the direction of its base.

According to a particular embodiment, the system is capable of identifying a metal can introduced into the device and includes at least the following analysis and measurement elements:

• an electronic processing unit
• at least one force sensor, or strain gauge, capable of measuring the weight of the waste
• at least one presence sensor, at least one of which is positioned at the peak height of the smallest can standard format on the market in question
• at least one sensor capable of detecting the metallic nature of the analyzed waste

According to a particular embodiment, a system making it possible to detect the metallic nature of the waste comprises at least one of the sensors among:

• an electrical intensity sensor, integrated in an electrical circuit in contact with the waste, capable of measuring a current or a significant change in current in this electrical circuit.
• an electrical voltage sensor, integrated in an electrical circuit in contact with the waste, capable of measuring a change in electrical potential in this electrical circuit.
• a magnetic inductance sensor able to measure the disturbance of an electromagnetic field due to the proximity of a metal object.

According to a particular embodiment, the device comprises at least one presence sensor, preferably of the photoelectric or ultrasonic type, positioned at a height of between 70 and 90 mm relative to the base of the waste, characterizing a means of transmitting to the electronic processing unit a dimensional index on the height of the waste.

According to a particular embodiment, at least one of the orifices of the support base comprises a specific fastening system making it possible to securely and reversibly attach a pocket constituting a means of recovering the waste evacuated from the device, through this orifice.

According to a particular embodiment, the specific and reversible fastening system of the pocket is a ring with variable geometry which wedges the top of the pocket against the outer periphery of the orifice or of a part thereof.

According to a particular embodiment, at least one orifice, or part of this orifice, comprising the pocket fastening system, is integrated on a mobile part connected to the support base, according to one of the following devices:

• at least one sliding connection, allowing it to slide relative to the support base.
• at least one vertical pivot connection, allowing the part to rotate relative to the support base.

According to a particular embodiment, all of the electrical and electronic systems of the device are supplied with energy by a battery sized to the needs of the device and by an autonomous charging system from among at least one of the following:

• at least one solar panel
• a set of piezoelectric components.

According to a particular embodiment, presence sensors positioned respectively in each of the orifices as well as the electronic processing unit constitute a means of counting the number of waste materials passing through the various orifices and possibly of detecting the continuous presence of a waste at one of the orifices.

According to a particular embodiment, the electronic processing unit comprises a telecommunications system capable of transmitting to a receiver external to the device data from the device such as the identity of the device, the operating state of the device, its location, the number of waste items introduced into the device, the counting of waste items passing through each of the orifices, the continuous presence of waste items at the level of an orifice.

According to a particular embodiment, the device comprises at least one electric recharging socket connected to the battery of the device and controlled by the electronic processing unit, making it possible to connect a small external electronic device to the device and to recharge it for a certain time when a waste was introduced and analyzed in the device.

Correlatively, the invention also relates to a process for analyzing waste, recognizing and sorting certain types of packaging implemented by a device for analyzing and sorting waste according to the invention, comprising the following steps:

• Recording, beforehand, in the database of the electronic processing unit, of the values corresponding to certain physical properties of standard profile such as plastic bottles, metal cans, glass bottles.
• Introduction of waste into the device.
• Receipt of waste on the mobile platform.
• Activation of at least one light source and measurement by the various sensors of the characteristics specific to the waste analyzed in the device.
• Centralization of the measurements coming from the various sensors at the level of the electronic processing unit.
• Processing of the various measurements in relation to the values of the standard profiles prerecorded in the electronic processing unit.
• Recognition or not of the waste in relation to one of the pre-recorded standard profiles.
• Sorting of the waste by the operational sorting system comprising at least one mobile platform, a vertical conduit with variable geometry guided by at least one mobile arm in order to direct the waste to the level of the orifice, defined beforehand by the unit of electronic processing.

The different figures, listed below, illustrate the invention from different angles, which will make it possible to describe in detail the advantages and characteristics of the present invention in the detailed description which will follow.

Figure 1 is a schematic view in general perspective of the device, according to a particular embodiment and incorporating two orifices for extracting waste from the device. In this diagram, the sliding drawer of one of the two openings is in the open position to possibly install a storage pocket, while a piece of waste, here a can, is located just above the main opening of the upper cover (10 ) of the device (100).

And

Figures 2 and 3 are schematic views of the interior of the device according to a particular embodiment, once the waste introduced inside. The figures mention the moving parts of the device (the platform and the vertical conduit) as well as the various sensors and their locations within the framework of a particular embodiment.

And

Figures 4 and 5 show the interior of the device (the upper cover (10) not being shown in Figure 4 to better visualize the interior), conforming to a particular embodiment integrating 3 orifices for the extraction of different types of waste, including the central orifice (21c) in the open position in this diagram (mobile platform completely offset), while the circumference of the vertical conduit (30) with variable geometry widens by the spacing of the branches (30a and 30b).

And

Figures 6 and 7 are an illustration of the inside of the device (the upper cover (10) not being shown), integrating 4 orifices for the extraction of the different types of waste and two mobile platforms, one integrating the zone receiving the waste, the other the analysis zone, and allowing the opening and closing of each orifice. In these representations, the vertical duct (30) incorporates a funnel (32) to facilitate the collection of waste in the duct.

Brief technical description:

This device consists of a specific analysis and sorting system integrating a set of sensors coordinated and controlled by an electronic processing unit in order to measure certain properties of the waste introduced into the device. The beam of measurements collected by the sensors to characterize the waste analyzed is fed into the electronic processing unit in order to establish any matches with the particular properties, predefined in the programmable electronic system, of a plastic bottle, a metal can or a glass bottle.

Once the analysis has been carried out, the waste is then directed towards an extraction orifice by the operational sorting system, consisting of at least one mobile platform, as well as a vertical pipe with variable geometry located at the end of the one or more mobile arms. The assembly makes it possible to direct the waste to the orifice selected by the electronic processing unit, previously configured according to the wishes of the operator of the device. Indeed, this device provides a certain flexibility since, as we will see later, several configurations are possible in terms of sorting categories and number of orifices available. In a particular case, if the device is integrated into a collection basket, the waste analyzed will be transported to a specific storage area, selected beforehand by the electronic processing unit.

Unless otherwise indicated, the elements common or similar to several figures bear the same reference numbers and have identical or similar characteristics so that they are generally not described again in order to simplify the description and promote understanding of the device.

The device (100) for recognizing and sorting the packaging of bottles, flasks and cans, in accordance with a particular embodiment of the invention, is now described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.

These figures are a general representation of the whole of the Invention according to a certain embodiment. These representations show the main components of the device (100), namely:

• A support base (20) on which rests the main elements of the device (100), and integrating the orifices making it possible to evacuate the waste from the device (100) by category.
• The orifices (21) are holes through which waste is evacuated from the device (100). They are two in number (21a) and (21b) in representations 1, 2, 3 but variants with three (see diagram 4) and four orifices (see diagrams 5 and 6) are also possible. Each hole corresponds to a category of waste. In a particular case, the orifices (21) can incorporate a reversible fixing system, allowing a pocket, for example made of plastic, to be attached for the storage of waste. In this case, the orifice or the lower part of the orifice equipped with the pocket fixing system, is integrated on a drawer (70) sliding along at least one slide (71) or pivoting around an axis , so as to facilitate the maintenance and changing of full bags by the handling teams. The pocket fixing system can, for example, be a simple circular elastomer linked to the drawer, and whose initial diameter is slightly less than the diameter of the orifice in order to press the top of the pocket against the circumference of the lower part of the orifice. It can also be a metal ring whose diameter can be reduced by a clamping mechanism.
• The upper cover (10) of the device (100) incorporating at least one opening, called the main opening, through which the waste (1) is introduced into the device (100). According to a variant, the upper cover (10) of the device can integrate at least one other opening to integrate into the device (100) waste other than bottles or cans. The upper cover (10) comprises at least one flap (11) connected to the upper cover (10) by a pivot connection (110) which opens by exerting a vertical pressure on it, via the waste introduced. The flap (11) automatically returns to its original position once the waste (1) has been completely introduced into the device (100) and locks when the waste (1) is being analyzed, thus preventing the introduction of another waste. The upper cover (10) is also equipped with a presence sensor at the level of the main opening, making it possible to signal the introduction of waste (1) into the device (100), and possibly to signal the abnormal presence continuous waste at its level, probably meaning the introduction of waste which protrudes from the device and which is therefore too large to be treated. Note that the design of the cover (10) incorporating the main opening is a non-limiting embodiment.

• At least one mobile platform (40) which receives the waste (1) on a damping zone (41) thereof, to recover, without breakage, the waste (1) introduced into the device (100). A second zone, called the analysis zone (42) on this same mobile platform (40), incorporates sensitive sensors to characterize the analyzed waste (1). The passage from the reception zone (41) to the analysis zone (42) is then carried out by the transfer of the whole of the platform (40) under the base of the waste (1) while the latter remains surrounded by the vertical pipe (30). According to another variant, this analysis zone (42) can be integrated on another mobile platform (40). For the analysis of the waste (1), the two platforms successively take the place of the other under the waste (1).
• A vertical conduit (30) with variable geometry, located at the end of at least one movable arm (34) moving in rotation around a vertical axis (33) and driven by a servomotor (35). The vertical pipe (30) makes it possible to guide the vertical fall of the waste (1) introduced into the device (100). It also makes it possible to direct the waste (1) towards one of the left (21a) or right (21b) orifices of the device (100). The vertical duct (30) with variable geometry is split partially along the vertical at least in place so that it can open or widen. Coupled with a motorized system, its expansion will be controlled and maximized, constituting a means of possibly freeing an object stuck in the vertical conduit (30).
• The electronic processing unit (80) which integrates the electronic card is made up of at least one microcontroller and all the electronic elements allowing the processing of the measurements made by the various sensors. In a particular case, it can also integrate certain sensors (light, presence, etc.) and a battery for energy storage.

The structural arrangement of the device (100), represented in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 only constitutes a non-limiting example of embodiment. In particular the shape of the upper cover (10) shown here, the number of holes for extracting the waste (between two and four depending on the version), the shape and layout of the electronic processing unit, whose battery can be integrated or separated from the electronic processing part or even certain presence or light sensors which can be integrated directly on the vertical conduit (30) or the mobile platform (40), for example.

The particularity of this invention is therefore to propose a unique and innovative functional basis for the analysis and sorting of certain types of packaging, while proposing a flexibility of certain modules to adapt to different demands and to varied environments.

detailed description

Analysis system:

If we consider the device as a whole: the waste (1) is introduced into the device (100), from above, as shown in Figure 1. The waste (1) then falls into a vertical conduit (30 ) and ends its course on a mobile platform (40) as shown in Figure 2. As shown in this same figure, the platform incorporates a damping zone in order to protect the waste (1) introduced and the device (100 ) in himself. The waste (1) is then analyzed by a set of sensitive sensors, coordinated and controlled by an electronic processing unit (80).

The electronic processing unit (80) of the device (100) is a system capable of acquiring different properties of the waste (1) analyzed from the measurements of each sensor.

The sensors enable the measurement of properties in their respective nearby environments, at the request of the electronic processing unit (80). The introduction of the waste (1) having been detected by at least one sensor which measures in constant loop a characteristic of its close environment in order to detect the presence of a possible object nearby.

Once the waste (1) has been introduced and detected by at least one detector sensor, the unit (80) will drive other sensors to measure information from their respective close environments, making it possible to identify certain key properties of the waste (1) introduced.

Indeed, to facilitate the recycling of packaging waste, in particular that of beverages, it is necessary to separate them beforehand by type of packaging material (metal, plastic, glass, etc.)

The range of materials used in packaging, their mixtures within the same packaging in some cases, as well as the different types of existing packaging make it difficult to pre-sort all packaging.

For the category of beverage packaging, which is often consumed outside the home, we mainly distinguish between:

• metal cans,
• Recyclable plastic bottles, mostly PET,
• glass bottles

However, these packages can be recycled perfectly well if they are properly sorted upstream according to the nature of the material from which they are made.

In order to pre-sort them, the device (100) integrates an analysis and recognition system which makes it possible to characterize the waste by targeted measurements of certain properties of the material which composes it.

In the invention presented here, at least three of the following characteristics will make it possible to identify the waste analyzed:

• The mass of the waste,
• The electrical conductivity properties in a specific area of the waste,
• The magnetic resonance properties of the waste,
• The transparency/translucency properties of the waste in one or more very specific zones of it,
• The reflection properties of the material constituting the waste, with respect to incident infrared, near infrared or visible radiation,
• The hardness properties of the material making up the waste,
• The dimensional characteristics of the waste.
• The refractive properties of the waste.

In a particular implementation, these characteristics will be measured thanks to the operation of at least three of the following sensors, controlled and coordinated by the electronic processing unit (80):

• electrical current measurement sensor (67a)
• electrical voltage measurement sensor (67b)
• magnetic inductance sensor (68)
• photoelectric sensor(s) (64) (65)
• ultrasonic sensor(s) (64) (65)
• force sensor(s) (50)
• strain gauge (50)
• shock sensor (69)
• light intensity sensor(s) associated with a light source (61) (63)
• infrared or near infrared reflection spectrometer
• digital refractometer

The sensors solicited by the electronic processing unit (80) and the beam of measurements collected and processed with the aid of the various sensors allow the electronic processing unit (80) to profile the waste (1) analyzed by comparing this set of measurements at values programmed in the electronic processing unit (80), characterizing each of the categories mentioned above.

The device (100) is capable of identifying one of the categories previously described, namely:

• metal can
• Glass bottle
• PET type recyclable plastic bottle

After identifying the category to which the waste (1) belongs, the processing unit (80) will control the operational sorting system in order to direct the identified waste towards the appropriate extraction orifice. If the waste is not recognized as belonging to one of the categories mentioned above, then the sorting system will direct it towards the extraction orifice corresponding to “all comers”.

Regarding metal cans, they represent the nomadic beverage packaging par excellence. Their formats are standardized: on the European market, we mainly find the small 15cl can, the standard 33cl can, the slender 33cl can and finally the 50cl can. Regarding the materials, there are two types of metal cans: Aluminum cans and steel cans. Sorting centers know very well how to separate these two types of cans. On the other hand, for them to be recycled, it is necessary to sort them at source by separating them from other "all comers" waste, either by sorting them with other recyclable packaging, or by sorting them into a specific category of metal packaging.

The device (100) presented here is capable of identifying a metal can thanks to the very specific properties of the metal. A metal can, whether aluminum or steel, has, unlike other beverage packaging, special properties of electrical conductivity and magnetic resonance.

Therefore, if the waste (1) analyzed has the following measured characteristics:

• Confirmation of the presence of waste in the platform analysis area (40)
• Confirmation of the presence of waste(1) at the “height threshold” sensor (65)
• Low mass, between 9g and 30g, measured by the scale (50)
• Significant electrical conductivity or magnetic resonance of the waste (1)

then the processing unit (80) will assimilate the waste (1) to a recyclable metal can and the sorting system, described later, will direct the supposed can accordingly.

Regarding glass bottles, if we consider a classic glass bottle, it is generally made up of three elements:

• The body of the bottle, made of glass. A hard and transparent material, and possibly colored but not opaque.
• The bottle cap, which can be made of aluminium, cork, plastic, etc.
• The bottle label, for the communication of the product, generally goes around the bottle without ever covering it completely. Made of paper or plastic, it is necessary to separate it from the bottle to ensure the recycling of the glass bottle. Generally the glue dissolves in hot baths, which facilitates its removal in the sorting centers, which have the know-how to carry out this separation.

The intrinsic properties of glass are its high relative weight compared to other commonly used packaging materials, its hardness and its excellent transparency. If the sensors of the device (100) measure the following characteristics:

• Confirmation of the presence of waste (1) in the analysis area of the platform (40)
• Confirmation of the presence of waste (1) at the "height threshold" sensor (65)
• Significant relative mass (between 100g and 450g) measured by the balance (50)
• Excellent homogeneous transparency of the waste (1), determined on one or more very specific areas of it.

then the processing unit (80) will assimilate the waste (1) to a glass bottle and the operational sorting system, described later, will direct the supposed glass bottle to the appropriate orifice (21).

Regarding plastic beverage bottles, they are generally made of PET and consist of three elements:

• The body of the bottle, in PET. A transparent or possibly translucent plastic by adding fillers or dyes. (The case of opaque PET, which is very rare on the market, is actually an overloaded PET... which poses problems for recycling when it is not separated from transparent or translucent PET bottles). In this case, the device (100) makes it possible to prevent this type of bottle from ending up in transparent and translucent PET streams.
• The bottle cap, usually PE or PP. A plastic different from PET, which must therefore be separated from the body of the bottle for recycling.
• The bottle label, for the communication of the product, generally goes around the bottle without ever covering it completely. Made of paper or plastic, it is necessary to separate it from the bottle to ensure the recycling of the PET bottle. Generally the glue dissolves in hot baths, which facilitates its removal in the sorting centers, which have the know-how to carry out this separation.

As an alternative to the label, there are also plastic sleeves that partially or completely “cover” the bottle. These sleeves can cause recognition problems in sorting centers because the plastic of the sleeve is very often different from that of the bottle, which disturbs the optical cells because they identify the plastic of the sleeve and not that of the bottle. In an opinion dating from 2015, the COTREP (Technical committee for the recycling of plastics) also recommends limiting the use of plastic sleeves that completely cover the bottle.

The intrinsic properties of the vast majority of empty, perfectly recyclable PET bottles and flasks, being their transparency and lightness, if the waste analyzed has the following measured characteristics:

• Confirmation of the presence of waste (1) in the analysis area of the platform (40)
• Confirmation of the presence of waste (1) at the "height threshold" sensor (65)
• Low mass of the waste (between 7 and 65g) measured by the scale (50)
• Homogeneous transparency of the waste (1) determined on one or more very specific areas of the waste measured by at least one light sensor associated with at least one light source

then the processing unit will assimilate the waste to a recyclable plastic bottle of the PET type and the sorting system, described later, will direct the supposed plastic bottle to the appropriate orifice (21).

However, in a particular case, rare but probable in real application in the field, if the inserted plastic bottle is not completely empty, the sensors will measure the weight of the plastic bottle, as well as that of the remaining liquid. The weight measured could thus correspond to the weight range of a glass bottle. Especially since the other characteristics measured (height, transparency) also meet the criteria of an empty glass bottle, according to the recognition system of the device (100).

It is therefore possible to deepen the measurements so that the device (100) is capable of distinguishing, with a certain reliability, an empty glass bottle from a plastic bottle still containing liquid. As indicated above, one of the specificities of glass is its hardness. This characteristic makes it possible to distinguish it from the plastic material.

According to an alternative, the measurement system will then integrate a shock sensor to measure the hardness of the material. Therefore, if in addition to the characteristics mentioned above, the significant hardness of the material is confirmed by the measurement of the shock sensor, then the bottle will be recognized as being made of glass. Conversely, if the shock sensor measures a low hardness of the material, then it will most likely be a plastic bottle.

Another characteristic that differentiates a plastic container containing liquid from an empty glass container is its refractive index. In a particular case, in addition to the characteristics mentioned above, a digital refractometer will make it possible to determine the nature of the material or to detect the presence or not of liquid inside the bottle.

Finally, according to another alternative, the material constituting the waste (1) analyzed can be determined by its reflective signature which it sends to a spectrometer when it is stimulated by an infrared or near infrared ray. This is the principle of infrared or near infrared reflection spectroscopy.

This signature being specific to each material, when it is compared to a database, it makes it possible to identify the material in question. This system is also particularly effective in distinguishing between the different plastic resins such as PE, PP, PS, PLA, PET, etc. which make up plastic packaging. This system can therefore be used as a complementary means to the different recognition methods described above to differentiate plastic from glass, but also to refine the separation of different plastics, although at the pre-sorting stage, this may not necessarily be necessary.

Apart from this last alternative in which a spectroscope is integrated, the recognition system of the device (100) uses simple, efficient and inexpensive sensors to distinguish empty glass bottle, empty recyclable plastic bottle and metal can. The precise characterization of the waste in order to recognize it, requires a particular operation and positioning of the measurement systems described below:

Concerning the measurement of the mass of the waste: According to a variant, the mass of the waste (1) is determined by the use of a scale (50) which incorporates at least one force sensor or a strain gauge capable of measuring the single weight of the waste (1) analyzed and communicating it to the electronic processing unit (80).

In another variant, a set of force sensors is positioned on the mobile platform (40), at the place where the mobile platform (40) fully supports the weight of the waste (1) during the analysis. This multitude of sensors coordinated and distributed over small surfaces of the platform (40) makes it possible to map the pressure points on the weighing zone of the waste (1) analyzed, indicating to the electronic processing unit (80) the shape of the waste base (1) in contact with the platform (40).

Concerning the measurement of the hardness of the waste: The hardness of the material of the waste (1) analyzed can be determined by a shock sensor, coming into contact with the waste (1), able to measure a deformation and the speed of this deformation during contact with the waste (1) analysed.

In a particular case, the mobile platform (40) will integrate this shock sensor (69), on its reception and damping zone (41).

The metallic nature of the waste (1) can be determined in different ways by measuring either the electrical conductivity characteristics of the waste (1) or its magnetic properties.

In a particular implementation, the electrical conductivity properties of the waste (1) analyzed are determined by an electrical intensity sensor (67a) or an electrical voltage sensor (67b) integrated in an open electrical circuit, supplied by a source of energy. The electrical circuit incorporating the sensor (67) is open at two ends, arranged so that when the waste (1) is introduced into the device (100), the base of the waste (1) comes into contact with the two ends of the circuit and connects them. If the waste (1) is conductive, the circuit will close, the circuit will therefore be traversed by an electric current and the sensor will then measure a significant current intensity if a current sensor is used, or a significant voltage change if a voltage sensor is used. If the waste (1) is electrically insulating, no current will flow, so the sensor (67) will not measure any significant change. These measurements are transmitted to the electronic processing unit (80) to be analyzed.

In a particular implementation, at least two flaps (11) of the upper cover (10), which adjoin each other in a horizontal position, incorporate an electrically conductive coating connected to the aforementioned electrical circuit incorporating an energy source and a sensor electric current or voltage (67). Each of the flaps (11) representing one of the ends of the open circuit, when waste (1), an electrical conductor, is introduced into the device (100), the base of the waste (1) comes into contact with the flaps ( 11) to open them, and connects each of the flaps (11), allowing the flow of electric current in the circuit. This flow of current will be detected by the sensor (67), giving an indication to the electronic processing unit (80) on the possible introduction of a metal can into the device (100), which will require confirmation by other sensors.

According to another alternative, the metallic nature of the waste (1) can be determined by its magnetic resonance properties. An inductance sensor (68), positioned, for example, in the vertical conduit (30), is able to emit an electromagnetic field and to measure, without contact, the disturbance of this electromagnetic field, resulting from the presence of a metallic object in its emission field.

Concerning the detection of the waste (1), the presence sensors, preferably of the photoelectric or ultra-sound type, make it possible to indicate the presence of an obstacle or not, in their detection fields. These two types of sensors make it possible to detect in their fields of action, the presence of an obstacle whether it is glass, plastic, paper, metal... transparent or not. A sensor of this type is positioned just below the main opening of the upper cover (10), which makes it possible to detect the introduction of waste (1) into the device (100). Well arranged, these sensors also make it possible to give an indication in terms of shape or dimensions of the waste (1) by the threshold logic. Thus, in a particular case, at least one so-called "height threshold" presence sensor (65) is positioned at a height of between 70 and 100 mm relative to the upper covering of the mobile platform (40), height corresponding to the height of the smallest plastic bottle or metal can on the market in question. It will make it possible to indicate the presence or not of the waste (1) at the level of this (these) sensor(s), indirectly giving a dimensional index on the height of the waste (1) resting on the mobile platform (40).

According to another particular case, one or more presence sensors, of the photoelectric or ultra-sound type for example, will be integrated into the mobile platform (40), this or these sensor(s) (64) making it possible to indicate the presence or not of a piece of waste (1) on the upper face of the mobile platform (40), in the zone considered and to give additional indications on the template of the waste (1) analyzed.

Concerning the measurement of translucency of the waste (1) analyzed, this is determined by at least one light sensor (61) (63) able to measure the intensity of a light beam, coming from at least one light source (60) (62), crossing right through the waste (1) in one or more well-defined zone(s) thereof. The analyzed waste (1) is positioned between the light source (60) (62) and the light intensity sensor (61) (63). The sensor or set of sensors, located on the other side of the waste (1), facing the light source, will then measure a high light intensity when the waste (1) is transparent, low when the waste (1) is colored or translucent, and zero if it is opaque. In a particular case, a set of additional light sensors, positioned at different places relative to this light source while remaining close to the axis of its luminous flux, would make it possible to further refine the optical properties of the waste (1) analyzed , to determine, for example, its optical behavior such as refraction.

Regarding the positioning of the light sources and sensors, in the most basic version, at least one light sensor (61) will be placed along a horizontal axis, facing a light source (60) producing a horizontal light beam. The light source (60) will be activated automatically at the request of the electronic processing unit (80), the incident light beam laterally illuminating a vertical wall of the waste (1) analyzed, at a maximum height of 40 mm with respect to its basis. If the waste (1) is transparent or translucent, the light beam will horizontally cross the waste (1) from side to side in its lower part, and will solicit at least one horizontal light sensor (61) located opposite the light source (60 ), behind the waste (1).

In a particular case, at least one additional light sensor (63), associated with at least one other light source (61), producing a vertical or close to vertical luminous flux, can be used in order to measure the transparency or translucency of the bottom surface of the waste (1) along the vertical axis. This or this set of light sensor(s) (63), sensitive to this vertical light beam, is positioned so that it can only measure the vertical light flux, passing entirely through the waste (1) if the latter is transparent or translucent. The light source or all of the light sources is positioned so as to illuminate the waste (1) analyzed from above.

In a particular case, the light source (61) vertical or close to the vertical could, for example, integrate the top of the vertical duct (30). And at least one light sensor (63) will integrate the mobile platform (40), close to the center of the analysis zone (42) and oriented upwards.

According to another embodiment, at least one vertical light source, the beam of which will be oriented downwards, towards the waste (1), will integrate the underside of at least one flap (11).

According to an alternative, the addition of a set of light sensors at different positions in the axis or close to the axis of a light source (60) (62), located behind the waste (1) analyzed would be suitable to measure the light intensity passing through the waste (1), but also to analyze the optical path of the beam through the waste, by the difference in values obtained with the various light sensors making it possible to differentiate, other than by weight, a bottle empty glass, an empty or partially empty PET bottle.

According to another alternative, to differentiate a glass bottle from a plastic bottle, a digital refractometer can be used to measure the refractive index of the waste and differentiate, for example, a glass bottle from a plastic bottle.

Thanks to all of these characteristics, measured by the sensors and transmitted to the electronic processing unit (80), the analysis and recognition system will be able to differentiate the waste introduced into the device (100) such as metal cans, recyclable plastic bottles or even glass bottles.

Sorting system:

To go into more detail on the operational sorting system, we consider the particular case of the recognition and sorting device (100) equipped with pockets for storing waste. The device (100) is integrated into a collection bin, placed on the public highway or an ERP (Establishment open to the public) to allow the storage of three different categories of waste pre-sorted by the device (100).

We consider the general case of a user who has just consumed a drink outside his home and who wishes to get rid of the packaging waste “cleanly” by throwing it into the device (100).

The user introduces his waste (1) into the device (100) through the upper cover (10). It exerts a vertical pressure on the waste that it introduces, spreading the flaps (11) of the upper opening, initially horizontal. This is the one and only action performed by the user since the entire analysis and sorting process is automatic. This flap mechanism limits the introduction of waste that does not have a sufficiently rigid base to transmit the vertical pressure on the flaps (11) necessary for their openings. Thus, the user will not be encouraged to introduce papers, sachets, flexible packaging, etc. through this opening. Alternatively, an additional opening can be incorporated for waste other than bottles and cans. For example, a small slit can be added for papers and bags, leading them directly into the "all comers" orifice.

A presence sensor, of the photoelectric or ultrasound type, is positioned just below the flaps (11) of the main opening, confirming that waste (1) has been introduced into the device (100).

In a particular case, these flaps (11) are partially covered with an impermeable and electrically conductive coating connected to an open circuit, comprising at least one energy source and a voltage or electrical intensity sensor. The prolonged contact of the base of the waste (1), introduced into the device (100), against the conductive coating of these flaps (11) possibly making it possible to close the electrical circuit by connecting the various coatings of the electrically conductive flaps, by through the conductive waste (1), introduced into the device (100). With the circuit closed, a significant electrical current will flow and be measured by an electrical current or voltage sensor (67). At the same time, the presence sensor confirming the presence of waste (1) being introduced into the device (100), the processing unit (80) will consider that an electrically conductive material, and therefore metallic, is introduced into the device (100).

Conversely, if the electrical intensity or voltage sensor (67) does not measure a significant value, meaning that the circuit remains open while the presence sensor detects the introduction of waste (1) into the device (100), the processing unit (80) will consider that waste (1) that does not conduct electricity and therefore does not contain metal is introduced into the device (100).

When the waste (1) is completely introduced into the device (100), the flaps of the upper opening, each connected to the upper cover (10) by a pivot link (110) return to their respective original positions thanks to a automatic spring return system, integrated in each of the pivot links (110), and lock to prevent the introduction of another waste into the device (100).

The locking of the shutters (11) is carried out thanks to the presence of an electromagnet in each of the shutters (11) which, controlled by the electronic processing unit (80), allows the locking of the shutters between them or according to another case , allows the locking of each flap (11) against the wall of the upper cover (10).

Once the waste (1) has been introduced into the device (100) by the user, the waste (1) falls into the vertical conduit (30) with variable geometry of the device (100). The falling speed of the waste (1) is partially limited at the start, by the friction of the flaps (11) against the walls of the waste (1) when it is introduced into the device (100). Indeed, returning to their respective original positions by the force of the return spring, the flaps (11) rub against the vertical walls of the waste (1) introduced, slowing its fall.

After its introduction, the waste (1) falls into a vertical duct (30) with variable geometry, the initial width of which is slightly greater than the opening of the upper cover (10) to guide and facilitate the transfer of the waste (1) to 'at the reception area (41) of the mobile platform (40). The reception zone of the mobile platform (40) consists of a damping zone (41) to prevent degradation of the waste (1) and of the device (100) itself. The vertical duct (30), of cylindrical shape, consists of one or more parts. In this case, several arms (34) will link each of the parts of the duct to the vertical axis of rotation (33). In a particular case, a funnel (32) can optionally top the vertical pipe (30), to facilitate the routing of the waste which falls into the device (100). Its lower width is equal to the width of the vertical duct, while its upper diameter exceeds that of the upper opening of the cover (11). The vertical duct (30) with variable geometry is split partially along the vertical at least in place so that it can open or widen. According to a variant, it can be coupled to a motorized system, to control and maximize its enlargement, constituting a means of possibly freeing an object stuck in the vertical conduit (30). The vertical duct (30) can also consist of at least two branches (30a, 30b,..) which move away from each other by pivoting, in order to open the circumference of the vertical duct (30) with variable geometry. In a particular case, these two branches can be simultaneously driven by an electric motor rotating a worm. This horizontal worm actuates rotary mechanisms connected to the branches (30a and 30b), making it possible to open or close them. This electric motor is activated when at least one presence sensor (65) signals the abnormally continuous presence of an object in the vertical conduit (30) to the electronic processing unit (80). This then controls the opening of the branches until the presence sensor no longer detects anything. The branches then return to their respective original positions and the device (100) is operational to process new waste.

In its lower part, the vertical duct (30) incorporates at least two orifices, face to face, completely crossing the walls of the duct (30). Their minimum diameter is 10 mm, the lowest point of which is at a height of between 5 and 20 mm relative to the mobile platform (40). The two orifices allow light from the transverse light source (60) to pass to at least one horizontal light sensor (61) for measuring the translucency of the waste (1) analyzed. The vertical conduit (30) descends until it touches the reception zone of the mobile platform (40).

The reception zone (41) of the platform (40) is a damping zone consisting, for example, of foam or of an elastomer having good elasticity.

In a particular case, this damping zone also incorporates a shock sensor (69) making it possible to evaluate the hardness of the material constituting the waste (1). A method that allows, for example, to differentiate plastic from glass.

The presence sensor, positioned just below the flaps (11), which had previously detected the passage of waste (1) entering the device (100), indicates to the processing unit (80) if the waste ( 1) reaches the limit height not to be exceeded to allow its processing. If the height of the waste (1) reaches this level, the device (100) will go into default. If this is not the case, the waste (1) will be analyzed in the appropriate area.

In cases where the device (100) is able to pre-sort two or three different categories of waste, a two-zone mobile platform (40) on which the waste rests consists of two zones: The reception zone (41) of the mobile platform (40) makes it possible to absorb the waste (1), after it has fallen into the vertical conduit (30) with variable geometry; while the second zone of the mobile platform, the analysis zone (42), consists of at least one precision scale (50), capable of measuring the weight of the waste (1) to the nearest gram.

In the example considered, it also incorporates at least one presence sensor (64) and at least one light sensor (63). This zone is separated from the first zone of the platform, that of reception (41), to protect the sensors from the risks of damage linked to the fall of waste.

Once the waste (1) has been received on the mobile platform (40), for it to be analyzed and possibly identified, the mobile platform (40) automatically slides along at least one translation guide (43) of front to back or back to front. The mobile platform (40) moves under the waste (1) which remains in position, surrounded in the vertical pipe (30), until the base of the waste (1) rests with all its weight on the precision balance (50) integrated in the analysis zone (42) of the mobile platform (40).

Moving the mobile platform (40) is ensured by the action of an electric motor (45), controlled by the electronic processing unit (80). The electric motor sets the mobile platform (40) in motion, in such a way that it moves in translation while following at least one translation guide (43). Sliding under the base of the waste (1), the mobile platform (40) shifts so that the waste (1) reaches the analysis zone (42) of the platform (40). According to another alternative, at least one endless screw rotating on itself and actuated by an electric motor serves as a translation guide (43) to move the mobile platform (40).

In the case where the device (100) is capable of pre-sorting four categories of waste, the device (100) integrates two mobile platforms, a platform integrating the reception area (41) to cushion the fall of the waste (1) a once introduced into the device (100) and another platform integrating the analysis zone (42). The simultaneous rotation of the platforms around their respective axes allows the waste (1) to end up from one platform to another.

Once the waste (1) has been positioned in the analysis zone, several sensors can be used to characterize the waste (1), among the following:

• At least one force sensor (50) or a strain gauge, integrated in the mobile platform (40), makes it possible to confirm the presence of the waste (1) in the analysis zone (42) and to measure its weight.
• Alternatively, a shock sensor (69), positioned in the platform (40) or vertical conduit (30), measures the stiffness of the material.
• At least one presence sensor (65), located at a specific adjustable height of between 70 and 90 mm relative to the upper face of the analysis zone (42) of the mobile platform (40) gives an indication of the height waste (1).
• According to a particular case, an inductance sensor is installed in the vertical pipe (30) of the device (100) to measure the possible disturbances of an electromagnetic field.
• The automatic activation of at least one light source (60) illuminating the waste (1) analyzed according to a horizontal luminous flux, at a height comprised between 0 and 40mm. The luminous flux passing right through the waste (1) is measured by at least one light intensity sensor (61) located behind the waste (1) analyzed and facing at least one light source (60).
• In a particular case, another light source or a set of light sources (62) illuminates the waste (1) from above. The luminous flux passing right through the waste (1), if the latter is translucent, is measured by at least one light intensity sensor (63) sensitive to this light source, positioned below the waste (1) when that -it is based on the analysis area (42) of the mobile platform (40).
• According to a variant, a refractometer analyzes the path of an optical beam passing through the waste (1) analyzed, making it possible to differentiate the plastic from the glass.
• According to another variant, an additional module integrating an infrared or near infrared spectroscope recovers the radiation reflected on the wall of the waste (1) analyzed. The signal, specific to each material, is then analyzed to determine the nature of the waste (1).

All of the information collected by the various sensors is then analyzed by the electronic processing unit (80) with the aim of identifying the waste (1) by comparing the measurements with the values recorded in the database corresponding to categories of predefined packaging waste: plastic bottle, glass bottle and metal can.

The operative part of sorting, detailed below, is then responsible for directing the analyzed waste (1) to the appropriate orifice (21), defined beforehand by the electronic processing unit (80) and programmed according to the need for the operator of the device (100).

The operational waste sorting system consists of at least one movable arm (34) whose end incorporates a vertical conduit (30) with variable geometry which initially made it possible to guide the waste (1) into its fall until it is received on the mobile platform (40). For the sake of simplification, we will call "mobile arm" (34) the system composed of one or more arms, making it possible to connect the vertical axis of rotation (33) to the vertical conduit (30). The assembly rotates around a vertical axis (33) driven by a servomotor (35). The electronic processing unit (80) drives this servomotor, allowing rotary displacement of the mobile arm(s) to the nearest degree, over a range of 0 to 180°.

Whatever the number of compartments of the device (100) and therefore the number of orifices (21) on the support base (20), the rotation of the mobile arm (34) around the vertical axis (33) makes it possible to deport laterally the waste (1) located in the vertical conduit (30), either to the left or to the right during its movement. The waste (1) then slides on the mobile platform (40) then on the support base (20) until it falls into the orifice (21) selected by the electronic processing unit (80).

The device (100) allows a wide variety of sorting configurations due to the fact that it can integrate between two and four different sorting orifices (21) and that these orifices (21) are configurable, in the electronic processing unit ( 80), depending on the needs of the operator.

In the case of a device integrating two orifices, the various configurable configurations are:

Configuration 1: 21a: run-of-the-mill; 21b: plastic bottles

Configuration 2: 21a: run-of-the-mill; 21b: metal cans

Configuration 3: 21a: run-of-the-mill; 21b: glass bottles

Configuration 4: 21a: run-of-the-mill; 21b: plastic bottles and metal cans

Configuration 5:21a: plastic bottles; 21b: metal cans

Configuration 6: 21a: plastic bottles; 21b: glass bottles

Configuration 7: 21a: glass bottles; 21b: metal cans

For three holes:

Configuration 1: 21a: run-of-the-mill; 21b: plastic bottles; 21c: metal cans

Configuration 2: 21a: run-of-the-mill; 21b: plastic bottles; 21c: glass bottles

Configuration 3: 21a: run-of-the-mill; 21b: plastic bottles and metal cans; 21c: glass bottles

Configuration 4: 21a: metal cans; 21b: plastic bottles; 21c: glass bottle

For four holes:

Configuration 1: 21a: run-of-the-mill; 21b: plastic bottles; 21c: metal cans; 21d: glass bottle

In the case of the integration of the device (100) in a street collection bin, the extraction orifices (21) are inaccessible to the user. Only the automated sorting system gives the waste (1) access to one of the orifices selected after analysis of the latter by the electronic processing unit (80). Generally, an orifice, designated by “all comers” will be intended for waste not recognized by the device (100).

Regardless of the number of orifices allowing the extraction of the various waste from the device (100), the mobile arm (34) moves at a certain angle, to the left or to the right, so that the vertical conduit ( 30) is positioned just above the orifice (21) allowing the waste (1) to fall through the orifice (21). The electronic processing unit (80) transmits to the servomotor (35) a specific angle of rotation, corresponding to the positioning of the orifice selected in relation to the category to which the waste (1) belongs, identified as such by the system of analysis of the device (100).

Another variant for the vertical duct (30) to be positioned just above the orifice (21) defined by the processing unit (80), would consist in integrating in each of the orifices (21) a presence sensor, having the ability to detect the arrival of the riser (30) at their respective levels. An instruction is transmitted to the mobile arm (34), by the electronic processing unit (80), so that it pivots in a certain direction until the presence sensor of the appropriate orifice detects the vertical conduit (30), and informs the electronic processing unit (80) which then stops the movement of the rotary arm (34). The vertical pipe (30) and the selected orifice (21) are coaxial, the waste (1) then falls through the orifice (21).

Presence sensors (210), of the photoelectric or ultra-sound type for example, positioned just below each of the orifices, attest that the waste (1) has completely passed through the orifice (21).

These presence sensors (210) allow the electronic processing unit (80) to count the number of waste items having passed through each of the orifices (21), which is a valuable indicator for managing the sorting of the different streams. If the device (100) is integrated into a collection bin which stores the various wastes, this makes it possible to indicate the quantity of waste stored by category. On the other hand, these same presence sensors (210) can detect, at their respective levels, the presence of a permanent obstacle, signifying that the storage zone is full or close to being full.

Whatever the configuration of the device (100), the electronic processing unit (80) collects a large amount of information on the operation of the device, whether qualitative (device location, operational operating status, etc.) or quantitative ( quantity of operations carried out in one day, quantity of waste treated by category, etc.). In the case of a stand-alone device, integrated into a street bin, it may be useful to access this information remotely for optimized collection management and to anticipate maintenance needs. In a particular case, the device will therefore integrate a telecommunication system by wifi or gsm waves in order to communicate information such as: the identity of the device, its operating status, its location, the quantity of waste introduced, the different quantities of waste collected by category, the alert of full compartments, etc. to a receiver external to the device (100), which stores the data on a server consulted by the handling teams of the device (100).

In the variant incorporating three extraction orifices: left (21a), right (21b) and central (21c); the mobile platform (40) whose functioning we detailed above, also plays an important role in the operational sorting system. The central orifice (21c) is positioned under the mobile platform (40), and is coaxial with the original position of the vertical pipe (30) which surrounds the waste. Thus, when the mobile platform (40) shifts completely from the axis of the vertical conduit (30), it reveals the central orifice (21c). The waste (1) resting until then on the mobile platform (40), in the vertical pipe (30), then falls through the central orifice.

Moving the mobile platform (40) is ensured by the action of an electric motor (45), controlled by the electronic processing unit (80).

The electric motor sets the mobile platform (40) in motion, in such a way that it moves in translation while following at least one translation guide (43). Sliding under the base of the waste (1), the mobile platform (40) shifts completely so that the waste (1) accesses, initially, the analysis zone (42) of the platform (40) then, depending on the case, to the central orifice.

According to another alternative, at least one endless screw rotating on itself and actuated by an electric motor serves as a translation guide (43) to move the mobile platform (40). In the continuity of this translation movement, or going in the opposite direction, the mobile platform (40) comes out of the axis of the vertical conduit (30), revealing the central orifice (21c) so that the waste (1 ) fall through.

A presence sensor (210), of the photoelectric or ultrasonic type for example, certifies that the waste (1) has completely passed through the orifice (21), and is counted by the electronic processing unit (80). The mobile platform (40) then returns to its initial position, in such a way that its reception zone is coaxial with the vertical pipe (30), as well as with the main opening of the upper cover (10).

In the variant integrating 4 orifices on the support base (20), each of the orifices (21) corresponding to a specific category of waste, two platforms pivoting around a distinct vertical axis are used, one of which integrates the reception zone of the waste (1) introduced into the device (100), and the other the zone integrating sensors for the analysis of the waste (1). Each of the platforms has the possibility of moving to find themselves, in turn, in the vertical axis of the vertical conduit (30) allowing, initially, to properly receive the waste (1) and secondly, to analyze it. Each of the two platforms also has the function of completely covering at least one orifice so that the waste (1) does not fall into it if it is not the orifice selected by the processing unit (80), allowing the waste (1) to slide on the platform and continue the movement of the vertical pipe (30) until it falls through one of the uncovered orifices. In the same way, a sensor (210), located at the height of each orifice, will make it possible to count the waste extracted from the device (100).

The device (100) integrates many electronic components which need to be powered by electrical energy. The device (100) therefore incorporates an electric battery (90) connected to an electricity network. The battery (90) makes it possible to store energy and to compensate for a possible malfunction of the electrical network external to the device (100) for a certain time. In a particular case and given that in the majority of the configurations presented previously, the device (100) uses only few or no typically energy-consuming actuators, the device (100) can be powered by an autonomous recharging device controlled by the electronic processing unit (80) in order to limit the energy consumption of the device (100) as much as possible and to manage the consumption of the battery (90) more efficiently. The battery charging system can be performed by photovoltaic panels installed on the device (100), the solar energy being transformed into electrical energy. Given the low power consumption of the device (100), the latter can be energy self-sufficient, in particular when the device (100) is placed outside, in a sunny region.

Another variant, complementary to the solar panels, is the use of a slab on the ground and close to the device (100), integrating piezoelectric elements to recharge the battery (90). This solution is particularly suitable in less sunny cities since the passage of people in front of the device (100), by the simple fact of walking on the slab day and night, generates small voltages which, in quantity, make it possible to recharge the battery (90).

In a particular case, to reward the user for having made the effort to introduce his waste into the device (100), the latter can be equipped with an electric cable connected to the battery (90) of the device ( 100) and allowing, at its end, to connect a small electronic device such as telephone, audio devices, GPS, camera,... in order to recharge it with energy. This ability to recharge an external device is controlled by the electronic processing unit (80) in order to limit the recharge time and adjust it according to the resources of the battery (90) of the device (100).

After having explained in a general way the operation of the device (100), we are going to illustrate, from concrete cases, the process of analysis and sorting of the various categories of waste introduced and recognized in the device (100).

Consider the particular case of the device (100), comprising two flaps at the level of the opening of the upper cover for the introduction of the waste and three orifices (21) for extracting the waste, corresponding for each of them to a category of specific waste; the device (100) being integrated into a street collection bin in order to store the different categories of waste sorted by the analysis system.

Example of recognizing and sorting a metal can:

Let us take the concrete case of a user who introduces his empty metal can into the device (100). It transmits a vertical force on the can so that the base of the latter comes into contact with the flaps (11) of the upper opening of the cover (10) and pushes them in order to be introduced.

In a particular case, the base of the can makes electrical contact with the electrically conductive coating of the flaps (11). The electric circuit closes, initiating the circulation of an electric current which an intensity or voltage sensor (67), integrated in this circuit and connected to the electronic processing unit (80), detects.

The can then falls vertically into the vertical conduit (30) with variable geometry, the flaps (11) of the upper opening (10) close automatically and lock to prevent the introduction of another waste (1) during the can analysis and sorting process.

The can falls on the damping zone (41) of the mobile platform (40). Once the waste (1) has stabilized in the vertical duct (30), the mobile platform (40) shifts under the can, which remains blocked in the vertical duct (30), until the can rests completely weight on the analysis zone (42) of the mobile platform (40), integrating in particular a precision scale (50).

The can is weighed and its weight corresponds to the weight criteria configured in the electronic processing unit (80), relating to that of a metal can. The “height threshold” presence sensor (65) confirms that the can indeed reaches the minimum height required to be assimilated to a can by the recognition system. The information collected by the electronic processing unit (80) such as the weight, the indicator on the minimum height of the waste (1) as well as its electrical conductivity properties, measured from the various sensors, make it possible to identify the waste (1) as metallic and similar to an empty can.

In another variant, a magnetic inductance sensor (68), positioned in the vertical duct (30) with variable geometry, makes it possible to indicate to the electronic processing unit (80) that the waste (1) introduced is composed of a metallic material. The measurements from the weight sensors (50) and "height threshold" (65), described previously, will make it possible to confirm that the metal waste is comparable to a can.

Once the can has been analyzed and recognized, instructions are automatically given by the electronic processing unit (80) to the servomotor (35) controlling the movable arm (34). The can is then moved by the vertical duct (30), guided by the rotation of the mobile arm (34) around the vertical axis (33). The can follows the movement of the vertical duct (30) with variable geometry, its base sliding on the mobile platform (40), then on the support base (20) of the device until it falls into the selected orifice (21). The presence sensor (210) positioned below the orifice (21) counts the can and informs the processing unit (80). The mobile elements return to their respective original positions in such a way that the main opening of the upper cover (10), the vertical conduit (30), as well as the reception area of the mobile platform (40) are coaxial. While the flaps (11) of the opening of the upper cover (10) unlock to allow the introduction of new waste into the device (100).

Example of recognizing and sorting a plastic bottle:

If we now consider the case of a user who introduces his empty PET plastic bottle into the device (100).

The user introduces the bottle vertically through the upper opening of the cover (10).

The underside of the bottle then comes into contact with the flaps (11) of the opening, the user transmits a vertical force to the bottle which pushes the flaps (11) to enter the device (100).

The bottle drops vertically into the vertical duct (30) with variable geometry, the flaps (11) of the upper opening (10) automatically close and lock to prevent the introduction of other waste during the process of analysis and sorting of the bottle.

The mobile platform (40) receives the bottle on its damping zone (41), a specific zone made of a foamy material or a flexible elastomer which prevents the bottle from deforming or damaging the mobile platform ( 40). Once the bottle is stabilized in the vertical conduit (30), the mobile platform (40) moves in translation, under the base of the bottle. The latter then rests on the analysis zone (42) of the mobile platform (40), integrating in particular the precision balance (50).

The bottle is weighed by the precision scale (50), the weight complies with the weight criteria configured in the electronic processing unit corresponding to an empty plastic bottle. The “height threshold” presence sensor (65) confirms that the bottle indeed reaches the minimum height required to be assimilated to a bottle by the device (100).

At least one horizontal light source (60) is triggered automatically to illuminate the base of the bottle transversely. At least one light sensor (61), located behind the bottle, measures the degree of luminosity of the horizontal beam of light having crossed the plastic bottle laterally, giving an indication of the translucency of the latter in its lower part, an area generally without any element decoration that may interfere with the transmission of light.

If the light sensors do not measure significant light close to its base, this means that the waste (1) is probably opaque and that there is therefore little chance that the waste (1) analyzed is a PET plastic bottle easily recyclable. However, it may happen that certain PET bottles, which are completely transparent and recyclable, are covered with an opaque sleeve that completely covers the bottle down to its base. In this case, the beam of light coming from the horizontal light source (60), which skims the base of the bottle, cannot pass through the latter. According to a variant, in addition to this horizontal light beam, the device (100) can incorporate at least one additional light source (62) which is activated by emitting a vertical or near-vertical light beam in order to illuminate the inside the waste (1) from top to bottom. Knowing that no decorative element ever covers the underside of PET bottles, the light beam will therefore pass through the inside of the bottle on its vertical axis or close to it. At least one light sensor (63) located on the mobile platform (40), under the base of the analyzed waste (1), will measure the rate of light having passed through the bottom of the bottle and will determine whether it is translucent or opaque . At least one presence sensor (64), also located on the mobile platform (40) makes it possible to verify that the waste (1) analyzed does indeed have a bottom surface.

The information collected by the electronic processing unit (80) such as the weight, the threshold indication of the height of the waste as well as its transparency properties, measured from the various sensors, make it possible to characterize the waste (1) as light, transparent and of a certain height, thus assimilating it to an empty PET plastic bottle.

Once the bottle has been analyzed and recognized, the electronic processing unit (80) controls the servomotor (35) of the axis of rotation (33) of the mobile arm (34). The bottle is then offset by the vertical duct (30), either to the left or to the right depending on the chosen configuration. The bottle slides on the mobile platform (40), then on the support base (20) until it reaches the top of the selected orifice (21) and falls through it. A presence sensor (210) positioned below the orifice (21) counts the bottle and transmits the information to the electronic processing unit (80). The mobile elements return to their respective original positions in such a way that the vertical conduit (30), as well as the reception zone of the mobile platform (41) are coaxial with the opening of the upper cover (10). While the flaps (11) of the opening of the upper cover (10) unlock to allow the introduction of new waste into the device (100).

Example of recognizing and sorting a glass bottle:

Finally, if we consider the case of a user who introduces his empty glass bottle into the device (100).

In this specific case, we will consider that the device (100) comprises three extraction orifices, one of which is central. Each of them corresponds to a specific waste category configured in the electronic processing unit (80). The device (100) would be integrated into a street collection bin in order to store the different categories of waste sorted by the analysis system.

The user introduces the glass bottle vertically through the upper opening of the cover (10) of the device (100). Under the action of the user, the base of the bottle comes into contact with the flaps (11) of the opening and pushes them to enter the device (100).

The glass bottle drops vertically into the vertical duct (30) with variable geometry, the shutters (11) around the opening of the top cover (10) automatically close and lock to prevent the introduction of another waste during the bottle analysis and sorting process.

The mobile platform (40) receives the glass bottle on its damping zone, a specific zone of the platform (40) made of a foamy material or a flexible elastomer which prevents the glass bottle from breaking or damage the mobile platform (40). Once the bottle is stabilized, the mobile platform (40) moves in translation, under the bottle, which is surrounded in the vertical conduit (30). This then rests on the analysis zone of the mobile platform (40) integrating in particular the precision balance (50).

The bottle is weighed, the weight complies with the weight criteria configured in the electronic processing unit (80) corresponding to an empty glass bottle; while the "height threshold" presence sensor (65) confirms that the bottle indeed reaches the minimum height required to be assimilated to a bottle.

At least one horizontal light source (60) is automatically triggered to transversely illuminate the base of the glass bottle. At least one light sensor (61), located behind the bottle, measures the degree of luminosity of the horizontal light beam having crossed the glass bottle laterally. These measurements make it possible to indicate the translucency of the bottle near its base, an area generally without decoration which can hinder the transmission of light, because it is very difficult to label.

If several light sensors are used for the same light beam, they can also indicate the refractive index of the waste (1), making it possible in particular to indicate whether a waste assimilable, according to the device (100), to a bottle , contains liquid or not to differentiate for example an empty glass bottle from a non-empty plastic bottle.

In a particular case, the device (100) can also integrate a shock sensor (69) to determine the rigidity of the waste (1) and to differentiate plastic from glass.

The information collected by the electronic processing unit (80) such as the weight, the indicator on the height of the waste as well as its transparency properties, measured from the various sensors, make it possible to define the waste (1) as relatively heavy compared to other packaging, transparent, and of a height exceeding the minimum threshold to be able to be assimilated to a glass bottle, all of this information assimilating the waste to an empty glass bottle.

Once analyzed and recognized, instructions are given automatically by the electronic processing unit (80) to the electric motor (45) allowing the translation of the mobile platform (40) following at least one translation guide (43). In a particular case, the electric motor (45) controls at least one endless screw (43) on which the mobile platform (40) translates. Indeed, a glass bottle being particularly heavy, its movements should be reduced to limit the risks of damage inherent in its movement. When the device (100) comprises three extraction orifices: one on the left (21a), one on the right (21b) and a central one (21c), it is the center one, located under the mobile platform (40), which is dedicated to glass bottles or heavy objects. The mobile arm (34) remains stationary, blocking the movements of the glass bottle in the vertical pipe (30) with variable geometry, while the mobile platform (40) moves, translating under the glass bottle until it release completely and expose the central hole (21c). At this time, the glass bottle no longer rests on the mobile platform (40) and falls through the central orifice (21c). A presence sensor (210) detects its passage and counts it by informing the electronic processing unit (80). The mobile platform (40) translates to return to its original position and cover the central hole. The reception area of the mobile platform is positioned in the same axis as the vertical conduit (30), to cushion the fall of the next waste introduced into the device (100). The flaps (11) of the upper opening (10) unlock to allow the possible introduction of new waste (1) into the device (100).

Advantages of the device:

The present invention is advantageous because of its simplicity of operation and use. Integrated into a street collection bin, it simplifies the sorting gesture of a user consuming a drink outside his home since he will only have to introduce his waste into the device (100). The automation of the device (100) making it possible to optimally sort the bottles and cans to prepare them for recycling. The operational sorting system will be visible to the user, bringing a playful and demonstrative side to the experience. In addition, optional services will increase its pragmatic and playful side such as a map, accessible via a smartphone application, the various operational devices around the person, or the possibility of recharging a small electronic device on the device when the user is there. introduces waste.

The device incorporates an automatic recognition system capable of identifying a recyclable plastic bottle, a glass bottle or a metal can, and will automatically sort it accordingly. If it does not recognize the waste as belonging to one of the categories described above, it will direct it to a separate category so as not to "pollute" the flow of recyclable packaging.

Sorting errors, which are very numerous in the flows of waste currently recovered in France outside the home (street bins), do not allow sorting centers to exploit these deposits in an optimal manner. This automatic sorting device will make it possible to significantly reduce these errors, which will make it possible to supply sorting centers with quality material deposits, significantly increasing the percentage of recycled packaging while optimizing recycling costs. The environmental impact of hollow body packaging waste such as bottles, flasks, cans, etc. will be significantly reduced.

In a particular case, due to its simple design and the few actuators used, the device can incorporate a battery as well as an autonomous charging system, such as a solar panel or piezoelectric slab, which will allow great flexibility of use. of this device which will adapt to different places and environments.

Its demonstrative and playful nature (visualization of the sorting system in motion, service rendered by plugging in an electronic device) will make young, less young and very young citizens aware of the importance of sorting.

Thanks to this invention, the collection and recycling of packaging for beverage products consumed outside the home will develop on a large scale, pre-sorting will facilitate work in the sorting center and will significantly increase the packaging recycling rate. and in particular beverage packaging. If the system is deployed throughout a territory, this could help limit the scourge of packaging waste, which unfortunately is found in large proportion in the environment.

Claims (29)

Device for the analysis of waste, recognition and automatic sorting of so-called "hollow body" packaging, mainly representing beverage packaging such as recyclable plastic bottles, glass bottles and metal cans and capable of separating them into at least a separate category from other waste; the device (100) being characterized in that it comprises:

• An upper cover (10) integrating at least one so-called main opening through which the waste is introduced into the device (100), as well as at least one movable flap (11) which, in the initial position, covers all or part of the surface of the main opening.
• A vertical duct (30) with variable geometry which surrounds, partially or totally, the waste (1) during the analysis process and the needle during the sorting phase; the vertical conduit (30) with variable geometry being positioned at the end of at least one mobile arm (34), the assembly having the possibility of moving in rotation around a vertical axis (33).
• A flat support base (20) incorporating at least two orifices (21) located on the path of movement of the vertical duct (30) with variable geometry; not accessible to the user, they allow the extraction of the various waste from the device (100).
• - At least one mobile platform (40), adjoining the support base (20), consisting of at least one of the following two distinct zones:
• > a reception zone (41) for the waste (1) consisting of a damping zone
• > an analysis zone (42) comprising at least one sensor.
• - An electronic processing system, consisting of several sensors associated with a processing unit (80), constituting a means of identifying the waste.

Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that each movable flap (11) is connected to the upper cover (10) by a horizontal pivot connection (110) so as to allow rotation of the flap (11) around this pivot, when a vertical pressure is exerted on the top of the flap or flaps (11). Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the horizontal pivot connection (110) of each shutter (11) incorporates a return spring allowing the automatic return of the shutter (11) to its respective original position, when no more mechanical pressure is is exerted on the flap (11). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each flap (11) comprises an impermeable and electrically conductive surface so that the electric current can flow from flap to flap when the surface of a waste , current conductor, is in simultaneous contact with at least two flaps (11). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each flap (11) incorporates an electromagnet controlled by the electronic processing unit (80), constituting a means of locking the flap (11) in the horizontal position. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the vertical conduit (30) with variable geometry is composed of at least one part, of cylindrical shape, the width of which is greater than the diameter of the upper opening of the device (100). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the vertical duct (30) with variable geometry is partially split along the vertical at one or more place(s) so as to allow either its internal widening, or the opening of its circumference by at least two branches (30a, 30b, ..) of the conduit which deviate from one another, characterizing a means of freeing a possible object stuck in the vertical conduit (30). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the vertical duct (30) incorporates in its lower part two orifices facing each other, passing entirely through the wall of the vertical duct (30) , so as to allow the passage of horizontal electromagnetic radiation (visible light, or infrared or near infrared) through these orifices. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the reception zone (41) of a mobile platform (40) incorporates a specific material capable of absorbing shocks comprising at least one of:

• syntactic foam
• flexible elastomer

Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the analysis zone (42) of a mobile platform (40) comprises at least one sensor from among the following:

• force sensor(s) (50) (or strain gauge)
• presence sensor(s) (64)
• shock sensor(s) (69)
• light sensor(s) (61) (63)

Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, in the particular case of a support base (20) integrating two or three orifices, characterized in that the same mobile platform (40), integrating the zones for receiving the waste (41) and that of analysis (42), comprises for its displacement, one of the following devices:

• device comprising at least one endless screw (43) connected to the mobile platform (40) and controlled by an electric motor (45), allowing the movement of the platform (40) in translation.
• device comprising at least one belt, driven by an electric motor (45), which tows the mobile platform (40) in translation.
• device comprising at least one vertical axis controlled by an electric motor passing through the support base (20) and connected to the mobile platform (40), allowing the movement of the platform (40) in rotation around this axis.

Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the reception zone (41) of the mobile platform (40), in the initial position, as well as the various orifices (21), allowing the extraction of the various waste, are located in the path of movement of the vertical conduit (30). Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in the particular case of a support base (20) integrating four orifices (21) characterized in that two mobile platforms (40) integrate for one the reception zone ( 41) of the waste (1), for the other the analysis zones (42), and for each, the vertical axis of an electric motor passing through the support base (20) and allowing the rotation of the platform around this axis. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the electronic processing unit (80) comprises at least one source of electromagnetic radiation (visible light (60) (62), infrared, near infrared, ..) which, optionally associated with at least one sensor, participates in the identification of the waste (1) analyzed. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the electronic processing unit (80) comprises at least one microcontroller able to coordinate all of the sensors and possibly the source(s) of electromagnetic radiation (s) of the device (100), to centralize and analyze the data coming from these sensors, and to control the motorized system(s) of the device (100). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the system is capable of identifying a glass bottle or a recyclable plastic bottle of the PET type mainly introduced into the device (100), the system integrating at least the following analysis and measurement elements:

• an electronic processing unit (80).
• at least one force sensor (50), or strain gauge (50), able to measure the weight of the waste (1).
• at least one presence sensor (65).

And at least one of:

• a refractometer.
• a shock sensor coming into contact with the waste (1), able to measure the rigidity of the waste (1).
• an infrared (IR) or near infrared (near IR) spectroscope.
• at least one light sensor) (61) (63) located in the axis of projection of a light beam, produced by at least one light source (60), (62), the waste (1) analyzed positioning itself during the analysis phase, between the source(s) and the sensor(s).
• a set of light sensors positioned facing the analyzed waste.

Device according to any one of Claims 15 to 16, characterized in that at least one light source (60) (62) produces a beam able to pass entirely through the waste (1) analyzed when the latter is translucent, and positioned according to at least one of the following configurations:

• at a height of between 0 and 40 mm relative to the base of the waste (1) analyzed; the light beam being oriented along a horizontal axis, characterizing a means of transversely illuminating the waste (1) in the lower part thereof.
• above the waste (1) analyzed, the light beam being oriented downwards following or being close to a vertical axis characterizing a means of illuminating the waste (1) from above in the direction of its base.

Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the system is capable of identifying a metal can introduced into the device (100) and comprises at least the following analysis and measurement elements:

• an electronic processing unit (80).
• at least one force sensor (50), or strain gauge (50), capable of measuring the weight of the waste (1).
• at least one presence sensor (65).
• at least one sensor capable of detecting the metallic nature of the analyzed waste (1).

Device according to Claim 18, characterized in that a system making it possible to detect the metallic nature of the waste (1) comprises at least one of the sensors from among:

• an electrical intensity sensor (67), integrated in an electrical circuit in contact with the waste (1), capable of measuring a current or a significant change in current in this electrical circuit.
• an electrical voltage sensor (67), integrated in an electrical circuit in contact with the waste (1), capable of measuring a change in electrical potential in this electrical circuit.
• a magnetic inductance sensor (67) able to measure the disturbance of an electromagnetic field due to the proximity of a metal object.

Device according to any one of Claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the device (100) comprises at least one presence sensor (65), preferably of the photoelectric or ultrasonic type, positioned at a height of between 70 and 90 mm relative to the base of the waste (1), characterizing a means of transmitting to the electronic processing unit (80) a dimensional index on the height of the waste (1). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that at least one of the orifices (21) of the support base (20) comprises a specific fixing system (25) making it possible to securely and reversibly attach a pocket constituting a means of recovering the waste evacuated from the device (100), through this orifice (21). Device according to Claim 21, characterized in that the specific and reversible fixing system (25) of the pocket is a variable-geometry ring which wedges the top of the pocket against the outer periphery of the orifice (21) or part of it. Device according to any one of Claims 21 to 22, characterized in that at least one orifice (21), or part of this orifice (21), comprising the bag fixing system (25), is integrated on a mobile part (70) connected to the support base (20), according to one of the following devices:

• at least one sliding link (71), allowing it to slide relative to the support base (20).
• at least one vertical pivot link (72), allowing the part to rotate relative to the support base (20).

Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 23, characterized in that all of the electrical and electronic systems of the device (100) are supplied with energy by a battery dimensioned as needed by the device (100) and by a autonomous charging from at least one of the following:

• at least one solar panel
• a set of piezoelectric components.

Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 24, characterized in that presence sensors (210) positioned respectively in each of the orifices (21) constitute a means of counting the number of waste items passing through the various orifices (21) and optionally to detect the continuous presence of waste at one of the orifices (21). Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the electronic processing unit (80) of the device (100) comprises a telecommunications system capable of exchanging certain data with an identified receiver, external to the device (100 ). Data such as the identity of the device, the operating state of the device (100), its location, the number of waste items introduced into the device (100), the counting of waste items passing through each of the orifices (21), the continuous presence of waste at an orifice (21). Device according to any one of Claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the device (100) comprises at least one electrical charging socket connected to the battery (90) of the device (100) and controlled by the electronic processing unit (80), making it possible to connect a small external electronic device to the device (100) and to recharge it for a certain time when a waste material (1) has been introduced and analyzed in the device (100). Method for recognizing and sorting waste implemented by a waste analysis and sorting device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 27, comprising the following steps:

• Recording, beforehand, in the database of the electronic processing unit (80), values corresponding to certain properties of different standard profiles such as plastic bottles, metal cans, glass bottles.
• Introduction of waste (1) into the device (100).
• Receipt of the waste (1) on the mobile platform (40).
• Analysis of the waste by the various measurements of the various sensors of the device (100) and in certain cases by the activation of at least one source of electromagnetic radiation.
• Centralization of the measurements originating from the various sensors at the level of the electronic processing unit (80).
• Processing of the data collected in relation to the values of the standard profiles prerecorded in the electronic processing unit (80).
• Recognition or not of the waste (1) in relation to one of the pre-recorded standard profiles.
• Sorting of the waste (1) by the operational sorting system comprising at least one mobile platform (40), a vertical pipe (30) guided by at least one mobile arm (34) in order to direct the waste (1) at the level of the appropriate orifice (21), previously defined by the electronic processing unit (80).

Method for characterizing a glass bottle or a plastic bottle of the PET type by measuring various properties of the waste (1) analysed, i.e. at least:

• Measurement of the weight of the waste (1) by a force sensor or a strain gauge (50)
• Transparency of the waste (1) in one or more zones thereof, measured by at least one light sensor associated with at least one light source
• Detection of the waste (1) at the level of a presence sensor, called "height threshold" (65) making it possible to give a dimensional index on the height of the waste (1)

and optionally, in addition:

• Measurement of the rigidity of the waste (1) by a shock sensor
• Measurement of the optical path of a beam through the waste (1) analyzed by a set of light sensors located opposite the waste.
• Measurement of the refractive index of the waste (1) by a refractometer

All of these measured data being centralized and processed by an electronic processing unit (80).