FR3062462B3 - DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE CLEARANCE OF HEAVY AND FINE PARTICLES AT THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OUTPUT OF ANY DOMESTIC WOOD GRANULE STOVE - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for reducing the release of heavy and fine particles at the outlet of the combustion chamber from any pellet stove for domestic use up to 8 Kw, the combustion fumes outlet of which is placed at the rear of the appliance, characterized in that it consists of two modules: - A first cyclonic module (A) has the function of trapping the heavy particles (f) which fall by gravity into the bottom of the funnel (d), composed of an inlet tube fumes (a) positioned tangentially on the outer casing (b) of the module so as to cause a rotational movement of the gases around an inner tube (c), and a top plug (e) blocking the fumes ( g) and causing them to pass through the bottom of the inner duct (c), A second filtration module (B) trapping the fine particles contained in the fumes (g), consisting of an envelope (h) coming to position itself top of the cyclone (A) and which receives in the upper part the con connecting duct (i), casing (h) alternately and continuously receiving mineral fiber walls (j) in its interior and mineral fiber segments (k) partially obstructing the section of the casing (h).

Description

The present invention relates to a universal device for reducing the release of heavy and fine particles at the outlet of the combustion chamber of all pellet stoves for domestic use up to 8 Kw whose combustion flue gas outlet is placed at the same time. back of the device.

State of knowing:

Prior to the present invention, no fine dust filtration system exists for pellet stoves for a particular purpose (individual house, apartment ...). The state of the art was summarized as follows: • For wood-burning stoves, there are catalysts that are technically characterized by the fact that the device is equipped with ceramic filters placed at the outlet of the fumes above the chamber with combustion. The principle of operation is that the catalytic combustion appliances exploit the natural phenomenon of catalysis (it is a question of forcing the unburned gases during the first combustion stage to pass through a cellular structure before being evacuated in the combustion chamber. smoke duct). The coating of these cells with components called catalysts lowers the ignition point of the gases passing through the honeycomb structure, which allows catalytic combustion appliances to operate at low combustion rates. This system is very effective but it requires regular maintenance costly and constraining (filter change). Moreover if this device, which was initially studied for wood stoves, is compatible with pellet stoves and avoids the emission of gaseous pollutants, it does not prevent the emission of fine particles. • Always with the use of boilers with wood or pellet but this time made for collective or professional uses, there is a technology called "electro filter" which acts to reduce the emission of particles. Particle filters are usually simple equipment that is placed outside buildings on flue pipes. They all work with electricity according to the principle of electrostatic separation of particles. The fine particles contained in the fumes are ionized and agglutinate in the form of flakes on the inner wall of the duct. In the domestic sector, particulate or catalytic filters, even if they make it possible to reduce discharges considerably, remain relatively expensive and are difficult to apply on a large scale. • Lastly, in 2013 the present inventor developed a technology (see patent No. 1400771) for sealed pellet stoves with a specific combustion circuit, which made it possible to obtain a reduction in the emissions of gaseous pollutants and particles. in comparison with other known pellet stove technologies. However this technology integrated into the stove did not allow use on other pellet stoves. Moreover, while the device developed in 2013 showed a real technological advance, it did not, however, make it possible to remedy all the problems caused by the release of fine particles. It is for the purpose of providing a suitable solution for the efficient capture of fine and heavy particles, and according to a device principle suitable for any wood pellet heating appliance for domestic use up to 8 Kw whose output of fumes from combustion is placed at the rear of the apparatus, that the present invention is devolved.

Presentation of the invention

The present invention relates to a device for reducing the release of heavy and fine particles at the outlet of the combustion chamber of pellet stoves for domestic use up to 8 Kw and universal to all pellet stoves whose combustion fumes outlet is placed at the rear of the apparatus, characterized in that it is composed of two modules:

A first cyclonic module (A) serves to trap the heavy particles (f) which fall by gravity into the bottom of the funnel (d), composed of a fumes inlet tube (a) positioned tangentially on the envelope external (b) of the module so as to cause a rotational movement of the gas around an inner tube (c), and a top plug (e) blocking the fumes (g) and forcing them to pass through the bottom of the inner duct (c),

A second filtration module (B) trapping the fine particles contained in the fumes (g), consisting of an envelope (h) which is positioned above the cyclone (A) and which receives at the top part of the connecting pipe ( i), casing (h) receiving alternately and continuously in its interior walls (j) of mineral fiber and segments (k) of mineral fibers partially obstructing the section of the casing (h).

The segments (k) contained in the second filtration module (B) are disk-shaped truncated (m) so as to pass the gases that go up in the flue (i), as well as (k) are staggered (n) in the second filtration module (B) so as to constitute a circuit which forces the fumes to come into contact with the maximum surface area of mineral fibers.

The segments (k) contained in the second filtration module (B) have orifices (I) which constitute additional passage places of the fumes (g) which deposit the fine particles on the surfaces with which they enter. contact.

A partial obstruction inside the envelope (h) of the second module (B) intervenes by the mineral fiber walls (j) and the segments (k) provided with orifices (I) allowing an equivalent free flow in circulation surface with a cross-section of at least 80mm diameter.

The treatment method intended to reduce the release of heavy and fine particles according to the present invention (placed at the outlet of the combustion chamber of pellet stoves), is characterized in that the fumes (g):

Are driven by the extractor contained in the stove, throughout their movement until final extraction in the flue,

Enter the cyclonic module (A) through the tangential tube of smoke inlet (a), which constitutes a centrifugal movement movement of the smoke which is blocked at the top of the module by a plug (e),

Are directed downwards by a gravitational phenomenon to both deposit the heavy particles (f) in the funnel (d) and continue their circuit in the inner tube (c),

Enter the second filtration module (B) and ascend into the duct, both passing through the wall elements (j) and segments (k) which assembled constitute baffles, but also through the segments (k) especially in the orifices (I), which traps the fine particles in the mineral fiber components.

Figures: • 1/5 fig.l = general view of the device at the back of a stove • 2/5 fig.2 = top view of the cyclonic module • 3/5 fig.3 = sectional view of the module cyclonic • 4/5 fig.4 = sectional view of the filtration module • 5/5 fig. 5 = exploded view of the filtration module

Glossary: A) Cyclone module B) Filtration module a) Fume inlet tube b) Cyclone outer shell c) Inner tube d) Funnel e) Plug f) Heavy particles g) Smoke h) Module shell filtration i) connecting pipe j) mineral fiber walls k) segments l) holes m) truncation of segments n) position of segments in staggered rows

Claims (6)

1. Device intended to reduce the release of heavy and fine particles at the outlet of the combustion chamber of pellet stoves for domestic use up to 8 Kw and universal to all pellet stoves whose combustion fumes outlet is placed at the back of the apparatus, characterized in that it is composed of two modules: A first cyclonic module (A) intended to trap the heavy particles (f) which will fall by gravity at the bottom of the funnel (d), composed of a fumes inlet tube (a) positioned tangentially on the outer casing (b) of the module so as to generate a rotational movement of the gases around an inner tube (c), and a plug (e) upper blocking the fumes (g) and forcing them to pass through the bottom of the inner duct (c). A second filtration module (B) for trapping the fine particles contained in the fumes (g), consisting of a casing (h) positioned above the cyclone (A) and which will receive at the top of the duct connection (i), casing (h) receiving alternately and continuously in its interior walls (j) of mineral fiber and segments (k) of mineral fibers partially obstructing the section of the casing (h). 2. Device for decreasing the release of heavy and fine particles at the outlet of the combustion chamber of pellet stoves according to claim 1, the segments (k) contained in the second filtration module (B) are disk-shaped truncated ( m) so as to pass the gases that go up in the flue (i). 3. Device for decreasing the release of heavy and fine particles at the outlet of the combustion chamber of pellet stoves according to claim 2, the segments (k) are staggered (n) in the second filtration module (B) of way to constitute a circuit which forces the fumes to come into contact with the maximum surface of mineral fibers. 4. Device for reducing the release of heavy and fine particles at the outlet of the combustion chamber of pellet stoves according to claim 1, the segments (k) contained in the second filtration module (B) have orifices (I). which constitute as many additional passage places of the fumes (g) which deposit the fine particles on the surfaces with which they come into contact. 5. Device for reducing the release of heavy and fine particles at the outlet of the combustion chamber of pellet stoves according to claim 1, the partial obstruction inside the casing (h) of the second module (B) by the mineral fiber walls (j) and the segments (k) with orifices (I) have a free circulation passage equivalent in area to a cross-section of at least 80mm diameter. 6. Treatment process for reducing the release of heavy and fine particles according to the device of claim 1 placed at the outlet of the combustion chamber of pellet stoves, characterized in that the fumes (g) are driven by the extractor contained in the stove, throughout their displacement until final extraction in the flue, enter the cyclonic module (A) via the tangential tube of smoke inlet (a), which constitutes a centrifugal displacement movement of the smoke which is blocked in the upper part of the module by a plug (e), are oriented downwards by a gravitational phenomenon to both deposit the heavy particles (f) in the funnel (d) and continue their circuit in the inner tube (c), enter the second filtration module (B) and ascend into the duct, both passing through the wall elements (j) and segments (k) which assembled constitute baffles, but also through the segments (k) especially in the orifices (I), which traps the fine particles in the mineral fiber components.