FR3051290A1 - ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT COMPRISING A REVERSIBLE MECHANISM - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrical apparatus (100) comprising a support plate (10) configured to be fixed to a mounting pot, said support plate (10) having an opening (12) for receiving a mechanism ( 20, 30, 40) configured to be mounted on said support plate (10) so as to have two reversible functions (F1, F2): - a shutter function (F1) of said opening (12), a function of cable outlet (F2) allowing the connection of a power supply cable positioned in the recess to an electric cable.

Description

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT COMPRISING A REVERSIBLE MECHANISM

Technical area

The present invention relates to the field of electrical equipment.

The present invention relates to an electrical apparatus comprising a mechanism, said bi-functional, having two functions including: - a shutter function, and - a cable exit function for connecting an electrical cable to a cable d 'food.

More precisely, one of the objects of the present invention is to propose an electrical apparatus with a reversible bifunctional mechanism.

State of the art

Electrical equipment designed to be received by a recess (also called flush mounting box) or box protruding are well known to those skilled in the art.

An electrical apparatus conventionally comprises: - a support plate, - a mechanism, - a dressing plate, and - a mask.

The support plate, commonly called support, is fixed on the front of the recess or the protruding box.

Such a recess can be used to make a reservation in the wall or partition, then to receive and fix the electrical equipment by connecting it beforehand to the cables that open into the recess.

The current range of electrical equipment is very wide and covers functions in the field of strong currents as well as in the field of weak currents, such electrical equipment that can be used to power or control an electrical device, or even to prevent access to a power cable left waiting in a recess.

The present invention relates more particularly to the mechanisms implementing a function of the cable exit type and / or the shutter type.

The trim plate, commonly called plate, is positioned around the mechanism and covers the support plate.

The mask, also called hubcap, is positioned on the outer face of the mechanism and is surrounded by the trim plate in the same plane as the latter

Currently, when a user (an individual or a professional) carries out an electrical installation in a dwelling place, it must provide for the electrical arrivals of future equipment (for example an oven, a hob, a radiator, etc. ).

In this first case, it sets up on each power source a shutter element to hide the electrical wires waiting.

The implementation of such a shutter also serves to protect the inhabitants of the risks associated with possible electrocution / electrification.

In this first case, it can be imagined that, a few times later, the user wishes to use these available electrical inputs to supply an oven, a hob or a radiator.

It is necessary here to replace the shutter element previously installed by a cable outlet element, the two functions being until now provided by separate mechanisms.

Conversely, a user who has electrical equipment connected to the home electrical network via a cable outlet element may wish to remove this electrical equipment overnight.

In this second case, it may no longer need this electrical arrival.

It must therefore, especially for security reasons, hide this electrical arrival with a shutter element.

In this second case, it is necessary this time to replace the cable outlet element previously installed by a shutter member.

In either case, the manipulations to be made to replace one function by another are complex and tedious. They preferably require the intervention of an electrician.

The Applicant further observes that the shutter elements and the cable outlet elements are parts sold separately.

Thus, in either case, the user must return to the store to purchase the mechanism related to one or other of the desired functions.

In addition, changing from one function to another is not always quick after installation; several years can pass.

The Applicant observes that, after too long a period, the range used during the installation of the first function may no longer be marketed. The user must then select the new desired function in a new range that generally has a different aesthetic from the first. The user is then left with several electrical appliances mismatched, which may not be acceptable in certain situations.

Problems of compatibility of electrical equipment between the two ranges can also occur in particular in the case of a multi-station installation.

In this case it is necessary to replace all the electrical equipment.

This generates additional costs that are generally poorly perceived by the user.

In addition, the change of function requires installation time.

In particular, it is necessary to: dismantle the old function and then install the new function.

This installation time is added to the time required for the user to return to the store to stock up.

Object and summary of the present invention

The present invention improves the current situation.

One of the objectives of the present invention is to remedy the various disadvantages mentioned above by providing the consumer with electrical equipment that is simple to install and has a single mechanism offering: the cable exit function for the connection of an electric cable to a power cable, and - the shutter function.

More particularly, the present invention relates to an electrical apparatus comprising a support plate configured to be fixed to a recessing pot.

Such electrical equipment is generally designed to be fixed on a mounting pot housed for example in a wall or a partition or on a projecting frame.

According to the invention, the support plate has an opening allowing the reception of a mechanism.

Advantageously, the mechanism is configured to be mounted on the support plate so as to have two reversible functions, namely: a shutter function of the opening, and a cable exit function allowing the connection of a power supply cable positioned in the recessing pot to an electric cable.

Thanks to this configuration of the apparatus, characteristic of the invention, the user who wishes to go from a cable exit function to a shutter function (or vice versa) no longer meets the aforementioned drawbacks; he is no longer obliged to return to the store to obtain the desired new function.

In addition, thanks to the reversibility of the mechanism, it is sufficient to reverse the mounting of the mechanism on the support to activate a function and disable the other function.

This operation, simple, is done with a minimum of manipulations unlike the electrical equipment of the state of the art that require the installation of a new mechanism, with a possible passage in the store and possibly a change of range.

Advantageously, the mechanism according to the present invention comprises a cable exit element and a shutter element.

Preferably, the shutter member is adapted to be mounted on the support plate in a closed position or an open position.

Advantageously, the support plate has a front face and a rear face, opposite to the front face. This rear face is intended to be opposite the recess pot; it is not visible.

In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention provides that: when the mechanism has the shutter function, the shutter member is mounted on the front face of the support plate and the cable outlet member is mounted on the rear face of the support plate, and when the mechanism has the function of cable exit, the cable outlet member is mounted on the front face of the support plate.

Advantageously, the mechanism and the support plate respectively comprise first and second assembly means capable of cooperating together to integrally assemble the mechanism and the support plate.

Preferably, the first and second assembly means are of the male / female type. Of course, the skilled person can select here other means of assembly to ensure the assembly of the mechanism with the support plate.

In a variant, the first assembly means of the mechanism comprise fixing tabs arranged on the cable outlet element and the second assembly means of said support plate comprise ears arranged on the periphery of the opening of the cable. support plate and of complementary shape to the fixing lugs for receiving said fixing lugs.

This implementation example is particularly easy to implement for said user; the assembly is done intuitively without tools by insertion of the cable outlet element in the support plate.

Preferably, the first and second assembly means are configured for snap-in assembly.

Locking means configured to lock the cable exit member when it is assembled with the support plate can be provided.

In an alternative embodiment, these locking means comprise for example a system formed by: at least one notch provided on said support plate and at least one protrusion formed on the cable outlet element and adapted to receive said at least one excrescence.

Thus, after insertion of the cable exit member into the support plate, the user can rotate said cable exit member relative to said plate until said at least one protrusion is positioned in said at least one notch.

Advantageously, the mechanism comprises a cable clamp element configured to secure the electrical cable to the equipment.

Preferably, the cable clamp member and the shutter member respectively comprise first and second position holding means able to cooperate together to maintain said shutter member in position when the mechanism is in shutter function.

In an alternative embodiment, the first and second holding means respectively comprise a groove and a rib, said groove being adapted to receive at least partially the rib.

Thus, the shutter element no longer has any degree of freedom when it is in place in the mechanism.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the shutter element comprises: a mask provided with an opening adapted to the shape of the cable outlet element; a removable cover whose shape is complementary to the opening, and

Preferably, as a function of closure, the mask is mounted with the removable cover on the front face of the support plate and the cable outlet element is mounted on the rear face of said support plate.

Preferably, as a function of the cable outlet, the mask is mounted without said removable cover in front of the support plate and receives the cable outlet element which is mounted (preferably beforehand) on the front face of the plate. support.

In an alternative embodiment, the cable outlet element is mounted on the front face of the support plate to be accessible on the front face with the shutter element in the open position during the cable exit function.

In this variant, the cable outlet element is mounted from the rear face of the support plate in the inverted position with the shutter element in the closed position during the shutter function.

In another embodiment, the cable exit member is configured to be mounted from the rear face of the support plate to be positioned on the outer side and accessible with the shutter member in the open position during the exit function. of cable, and to be positioned on the inner side in the inverted position with the shutter member in the closed position during the shutter function.

Preferably, in the open position, the shutter element is mounted inclined with respect to said plate so as to allow access to the cable outlet element, and, in the closed position, the shutter element is mounted against said plate.

Optionally, the element is mounted on said plate by a hinge system or an equivalent system.

In another embodiment, the shutter member is integral with the cable exit member and constitutes the outer face of the mechanism.

In this mode, the mechanism is preferably mounted on the support plate via a movable linkage system configured to tilt or shift the mechanism of the shutter function to the cable exit function and Conversely.

In one embodiment, a rocker-type system can be provided to effect the tilting.

Optionally, one can provide in this mode a set of high stops and low stops to lock in position the mechanism in one or other of the functions.

In this mode, depending on the shutter, the cable exit element is retracted on the side of the rear face of the support plate. It is understood here that the cable outlet member is retracted within the volume defined by the recessing pot.

Still in this mode, depending on the cable outlet, the cable outlet element is accessible on the front face of the support plate.

Advantageously, the cable outlet element has a passage opening of an electric cable on the rear face of the support plate for connecting the electric cable with the power supply cable.

Advantageously, the cable outlet element has a connection block for the upstream connection of the power supply cable on the side of the rear face of the support plate and for the downstream connection of the electrical cable on the side of the front face of the the support plate, depending on the cable outlet.

Preferably, the shutter element is configured to be removably mounted to allow access to the connection terminal block to achieve the downstream connection of the electrical cable on the front face of the plate.

Thus, the object of the present invention, by its various functional and structural aspects described above, makes it possible to have an apparatus with a single and similar mechanism capable of presenting two reversible functions.

Brief description of the appended figures Other features and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description below, with reference to the appended figures which illustrate various embodiments thereof devoid of any limiting character and in which: FIG. schematic of a support plate according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; Figure 1B is a schematic perspective view of a mask of a shutter member according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure IC shows a schematic perspective view of a removable cover of a shutter member according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 1D shows a schematic perspective view of a cable outlet element according to an embodiment of the invention; FIGS. 2A and 2B each represent a schematic view in perspective of a first embodiment of an electrical apparatus according to the shutter function respectively on the front face and on the rear face; FIGS. 3A and 3B each represent a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of an electrical apparatus as a function of the cable exit respectively on the front face and on the rear face; FIG. 4 represents an exploded view of the assembly as a function of closure of an electrical apparatus according to FIGS. 2A and 2B; FIG. 5 represents an exploded view of the cable output function assembly of an electrical apparatus according to FIGS. 3A and 3B; FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of electrical equipment as a function of the cable outlet; FIGS. 7A and 7B each represent a schematic view of a second embodiment of an electrical apparatus as a function of closure respectively on the front face and on the rear face; Figure 8 shows a perspective bottom view of a shutter member according to the example of Figures 6 and 7A-7B; FIGS. 9A and 9B each represent a schematic view in perspective of a third embodiment of an electrical apparatus respectively as a function of cable exit and as a function of closure; - Figure 10 shows a schematic perspective view of an electrical apparatus according to Figure 9A wherein the shutter member has been removed for electrical connection with the terminal block; FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a cable exit element in the inverted position according to FIG. 1D; - Figure 12 shows a schematic perspective view of a cable clamp element.

Detailed description according to various advantageous exemplary embodiments

An electrical apparatus according to various embodiments of the invention will now be described in the following with reference to Figures 1A-1B-1C-1D to 12.

For the record, in all the ranges of electrical equipment, the functions are separated.

This implies as previously stated aesthetic changes after stopping a range.

The Applicant observes to this effect that the customer tends to favor so-called "brand" products that are generally long-lived or products of a recent range in order to delay the expiration date of the product.

Moreover, by decreasing the number of products in the range, the readability is improved.

Designing electrical equipment having a reversible mechanism to switch from a cable exit function to a shutter function (or vice versa) is one of the objectives of the present invention.

Facilitating the choice of components for the user by providing a unique product that fulfills both functions is another objective of the present invention.

The present invention makes it possible to respond to these different objectives.

More particularly, the present invention relates to a single product for responding to both of the above two functions so as to allow the user to change the cable output function at any time by a shutter function (or conversely), all without resorting to another product and keeping the same aesthetic.

In a first embodiment described here, the electrical equipment 100 according to the present invention comprises: - a support plate 10 illustrated in FIG. 1A, - a shutter 20 illustrated in FIG. 1B which is capable of presenting a closed position and a position open for example for the passage of a cable, and - a cable outlet member 30 illustrated in Figure 1D.

In this example, the support plate 10 conventionally has a front face 10a and a rear face 10b. This rear face 10b, opposite to the front face 10a, is intended to be opposite a recessing pot (not shown here).

In this first example, the shutter 20 comprises a mask 22 which has an opening 22a adapted to the shape of the cable outlet member 30 (here an oblong shape).

In this example, the shutter 20 also includes a removable cover 23 illustrated in Figure IC whose shape is complementary to the opening 22a.

Removable fixing means arranged between the mask 22 and the cover 23 may be provided. Other alternatives may of course be envisaged here.

In the example described here, the cover 23 has on its outer contour a recess which allows the positioning of said cover against the periphery of the opening 22a of the mask 22.

The cover 23 is thus intended to bear against the mask 22.

The concept underlying the present invention is to provide the user with an apparatus 100 having a mechanism whose assembly allows the passage of a shutter function F1 to a function of cable exit F2.

This is made possible within the context of the present invention by means of a mechanism on which the two functions F1 and F2 are integrated.

Such a reversible mechanism is characteristic of the invention.

In this example, the mechanism therefore comprises the shutter element 20 and the cable outlet element 30.

More particularly, in this first exemplary embodiment, the mechanism can thus pass from a shutter function F1 to a cable exit function F2 in a reversible manner so that:

As a function of shutter F1, as illustrated in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 4, the mask 22 is mounted with the cover 23 on the front face 10a of the support plate 10 (see FIG. 2A) and the cable outlet member 30 is mounted in an inverted position on the rear face 10b of the support plate 10 (see FIGS. 2B and 4).

As a function of the cable exit F2, as illustrated in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 5, the mask 22 is mounted without the removable cover 23 on the front face 10a of the support plate 10 and receives the mounted cable exit element 30 on the front face 10a of said support plate 10 (FIG. 3A). The removable cover 23 is mounted here on the rear face 10b as shown in Figure 3B.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, it is therefore sufficient for the user who wishes to activate the cable exit function F2 to take the cable exit element 30 and to mount it from the front face 10a of the support plate 10 to make accessible the passage opening 32 of said element 30.

This passage hole 32 allows the passage of an electric cable 10b of the rear face of the support plate 10 for connecting the electric cable with the power supply cable.

The mounting of the cable outlet element 30 by the front face 10a of the plate 10 is easily done by means of assembly means 31 and 11 which here comprise fixing tabs 31a arranged on the cable outlet element And ears 11a arranged on said plate 10.

These tabs 31a are adapted to be introduced into the lugs 11a so as to allow the assembly of the cable exit element 30 with said plate 10.

It may also be provided a notch / protrusion system for locking the assembly of the two parts 10 and 30 between them by a rotation of the element 30 relative to the plate 10 after insertion of the fixing lugs 31a in the ears lia.

For example, it is possible to provide notches 13 arranged on the support plate 10 and protuberances 34 arranged on the cable outlet element 30.

After inserting the cable exit member 30 with respect to the plate 10, the user simply has to turn the cable exit member 30 until the notches 13 receive the protrusions 34 to freeze the two parts relative to each other. The user then positions the mask 22 (without the cover 23) on the front face 10a of the plate 10. The passage opening 32 of the cable is thus accessible on the outer side of the apparatus 100 and the mask 22 comes to dress the support of plate 10.

Conversely, for the mounting of the shutter function mechanism Fl, it is sufficient for the user to mount the shutter member 20 with the mask 22 and the cover 23 on the front face 10a of the support plate 10 and to mount on the rear face 10b of the support plate 10 the cable exit member 30 in the inverted position as illustrated in Figures 2B, 4 and 11.

In one case as in the other, the assembly of the mask 22 with the support plate 10 is made possible by means of assembly means 21 and 11 composed in this example of pins 21a illustrated in FIG IB that are intended to be introduced into perforations 1 lb positioned on the plate 10.

These snap-fastening means enable the mask 22 to be mounted with the plate 10, as well as the function of the shutter F1 as a function of the cable exit F2.

In this example and as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 12, the mechanism also comprises a cable clamp element 40.

This cable clamp element 40 comprises first means for holding in position 42 of the removable cover 23 which cooperate with second position-holding means 24 arranged on the rear face of the cover 23.

In this example, the first 42 and second 24 holding means respectively comprise a groove 42a (illustrated in Figure 12) and a rib 24a (illustrated in Figure IC) adapted to be inserted into the groove 42a.

Thus, during the mounting function shutter Fl, the rib 24a is inserted into the groove 42a to maintain the position of the cover 23 relative to the mechanism.

Once in position, the cover 23 no longer has any degree of freedom with respect to said mask 22. Other exemplary embodiments have been provided within the scope of the present invention.

These examples are based on the same inventive concept, namely the reversibility of the mechanism.

In a second exemplary embodiment illustrated in particular in FIGS. 6, 7A and 7B, there is therefore an electrical apparatus 100 which also has a reversible mechanism.

This reversibility of the mechanism is ensured here by a hinge mounting of the shutter element 20 with respect to the support plate 10.

More particularly, in this example, the cable outlet member 30 is mounted from the rear face 10b of the support plate 10 to be positioned on the outer side and accessible with the shutter member 20 in the open position when the cable exit function F2 (FIG. 6), and to be positioned on the internal side in the inverted position with the shutter element 20 in the closed position during the shutter function F1 (FIGS. 7A and 7B).

In this example, it is possible to use the same mask as that of the simple switch.

As a function of the exit of cable F2, the user thus clatters the mask of the switch in an inclined manner to allow access to the passage opening 32 of the cable outlet element (see FIG. 6).

In function of shutter F1, the user comes to snap the same mask so as to completely close the access. In this case, the cable outlet member 30 must be mounted in an inverted position so that it does not protrude from the external side of the apparatus 100 (see FIGS. 7A and 7B).

The rear face of the mask illustrated in FIG. 8 has fastening elements 25 and 26 adapted to cooperate with the support plate 10 to allow the mask 22 to be mounted with respect to the plate 10 in two positions: a closed position of the mask for the shutter function in which the mask and the plate are against each other (see FIG. 7A), and - an open position of the mask for the cable exit function in which the mask is inclined with respect to the plate so as to allow access to the passage opening 32 (see Figure 6).

The fasteners comprise four pins 25 configured to secure the mask 22 against the plate 10, and centrally positioned fastening tabs 26 to allow inclination of the mask 22 relative to the plate 10.

He can then position a trim plate 50 around the mask 22 to cover the support plate 10.

In a third exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 9A and 9B, there is again an apparatus 100 with a reversible mechanism.

In this example, the shutter member 20 is an integral part of the cable outlet member 30 and constitutes the outer face of the mechanism.

In this example, it is possible to use the same mask as that of the simple switch.

Here we have a bi-functional one-piece mechanism.

In this example, the mechanism is mounted on the support plate 10 via a rocker-type mobile link system configured to switch the mechanism from a first configuration allowing the shutter function F1 to a second configuration allowing the cable output function F2 and vice versa.

It is more particularly a balance system provided by a set of axes 35a sliding in slides 35b for the passage from one function to another. Stopping the movement is provided by high stops 36 and low 37.

In this example, when the mechanism is in function shutter F1, the cable outlet member 30 is retracted on the side of the rear face of the support plate 10 (FIG. 8A), and when the mechanism is in function of cable outlet F2, the cable outlet member 30 is accessible on the front face 10a of the support plate 10.

In an embodiment not shown here, the mobile link system is configured to allow a translation allowing the passage of the shutter function F1 to the cable exit function F2.

In this example, there is provided a connection block 33 to allow, as a function of the cable exit F2, the upstream connection of the rear power supply cable 10b and for the downstream connection of the electrical cable on the front face 10a.

In this example, the user does not have to open the mechanism to connect to the network because the upstream connection of the power supply cable is made at the time of the first installation.

In this example and as illustrated in FIG. 11, the shutter element 20 is here removable. By removing the latter, the user has access to an open housing on the connectors of the bomier 33 for connection downstream of the electric cable.

It then suffices for it to pass the electric cable into the passage opening 32 and to make the connection downstream. He can then reset the shutter.

Alternatively, one can provide an embodiment not shown here in which there is no connection terminal 33, but in which the shutter member 20 is removable and provides access to a housing facilitating the passage of the cable and allow the electrical connection.

Here, the connection terminal is of the semi-automatic type. Those skilled in the art will understand here that other types of connection blocks may be used, for example automatic or screw terminals.

The present invention thus makes it possible to combine the functions of cable exit and shutter on the same mechanism.

To do this, the present invention implements a technical solution to minimize the differences between these two functions by adopting the same format of a mechanism to assemble with the same mask, the same plate and the same support.

For the functions, it is necessary that these can be mounted in a "common" system and consist of the same part.

The mechanism proposed in the context of the present invention is therefore developed reversibly so as to be able to present either the cable exit function F2 or the shutter function F1.

The function selected is that visible on the front panel of the electrical equipment and the function put on hold is invisible. This one is turned on the backside facing the recessing pot.

One of the advantages of the present invention is at the time of purchase of the product.

Indeed, the user will have the two proposed functions thus reducing the references while keeping the scope of the functions.

The choice of the product will therefore be facilitated.

He will be encouraged to buy a "2 in 1" product.

One of the other advantages of the present invention is to be able to change function at any time without having to return to the store, without having to pay a second function and especially by being able to do it at any time because all the parts necessary for this change function is already available to the user.

Finally, when changing the function, the user is certain to keep the original aesthetics of the product, it is ensured to keep the homogeneity of its installation.

It should be observed that this detailed description relates to various particular embodiments of the present invention, but in no case this description is of any nature limiting to the subject of the invention; on the contrary, its purpose is to remove any imprecision or misinterpretation of the claims that follow.

It should also be observed that the reference signs in parentheses in the following claims are in no way limiting in nature; these signs are only intended to improve the intelligibility and understanding of the claims that follow as well as the scope of the protection sought.

Claims (15)

An electrical apparatus (100) having a support plate (10) configured to be attached to an installation pot, said support plate (10) having an opening (12) for receiving a mechanism (20, 30). , 40), characterized in that the mechanism (20, 30, 40) is configured to be mounted on said support plate (10) so as to have two reversible functions (F1, F2): - a shutter function ( Fl) of said opening (12), - a cable exit function (F2) allowing the connection of a power supply cable positioned in the recessing pot to an electric cable. The switchgear (100) of claim 1, wherein the mechanism (20, 30, 40) includes a cable exit member (30) and a shutter member (20). 3. Electrical apparatus (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mechanism (20, 30, 40) and said support plate (10) respectively comprise first (21, 31) and second (11) means of assembly adapted to cooperate together to integrally assemble said mechanism (20, 30) and said support plate (10). 4. Electrical apparatus (100) according to claim 3, wherein the first (21, 31) and second (11) connecting means are of the male / female type. An electrical switchgear (100) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the first (21,31) and second (11) connecting means are configured for snap-in assembly. Electrical apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the first joining means (21,31) comprise fixing tabs (31a) arranged on the cable outlet member (30). ) and the second assembly means (11) comprise lugs (11a), arranged at the periphery of said opening (12), of complementary shape for receiving said fixing lugs (31a). 7. Electrical apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the mechanism (20, 30, 40) comprises a cable clamp member (40) configured to secure the electrical cable with said apparatus (100). 8. Electrical apparatus (100) according to claim 7, wherein said cable gland element (40) and said shutter member (20) respectively comprise first (42) and second (24) position holding means adapted to cooperate together to holding said shutter member (20) in position when the mechanism is in shutter function (F1). 9. Electrical apparatus (100) according to claim 8, wherein the first (42) and second (24) position holding means comprise respectively a groove (42a) and a rib (24a), said groove (42a) being fit at least partially receiving said rib (24a). Electrical apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein said shutter member (20) comprises: - a mask (22) having an opening (22a) adapted to the shape of the element cable outlet (30), - a removable cover (23) whose shape is complementary to said opening (22a) in which, as a function of closure (F1), the mask (22) is configured to be mounted with said removable cover (23) on the front face (10a) of said support plate (10) and the cable outlet element (30) is configured to be mounted in reverse position on the rear face (10b) of said support plate, and wherein, as a function of cable exit (F2), the mask (22) is configured to be mounted without said removable cover (23) on the front face (10a) of said support plate (10) and receives the element cable outlet (30) mounted on the front face (10a) of said support plate (10). An electrical switchgear according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the cable exit member (30) is configured to be mounted from the rear face (10b) of the support plate (10) to be positioned on the outer side and accessible with the shutter member (20) in the open position during the cable exit function (F2), and to be positioned on the inner side in the inverted position with the shutter member (20) in the closed position when Shutter function (Fl). Electrical apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the shutter member (20) is integral with the cable exit member (30) and constitutes the outer face of the mechanism (20). , 30, 40), said mechanism being mounted on said support plate (10) via a movable linkage system configured to move the shutter function mechanism (F1) by tilting or translating to the cable exit function (F2) and vice versa, in which, as a function of the shutter (F1), the cable exit element (30) is retracted on the side of the rear face (10b) of the support plate ( 10), and wherein, as a function of the cable exit (F2), the cable exit element (30) is accessible on the front face (10a) of said support plate (10). An electrical switchgear (100) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein said cable exit member (30) has a connection block for the upstream connection of the rear power supply cable (10b) of the plate. support and for the downstream connection of the electrical cable on the front face (10a) of the support plate (10) as a function of the cable outlet (F2). Electrical apparatus (100) according to claim 13, wherein the shutter member (20) is removably mounted to allow access to said connection block (33) to effect the downstream connection of said front face electrical cable. (10a) of said plate (10). An electrical switchgear (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 14, wherein said cable exit member (30) has a through hole (32) of a rear-facing electrical cable (10b) of the support plate (10) for connecting said electrical cable with said power supply cable.