FR3050507A1 - COMPOSITE JOINT FOR OPENING OR AIRCRAFT MOBILE PART COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE WATER-REPELLENT POLYMER-PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SAID SEAL - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite seal for an opening or moving part of an aircraft of the type comprising a hollow portion capable of elastically deforming and a fastening portion, said seal being formed of a textile which has a first face covered with a layer of at least one elastomer and a second face not covered with an elastomer and forming the outer surface of said seal. According to the invention, typically at least at said second face, the fiber or fibers forming the son or son of said textile are at least partially covered with at least one water-repellent polymer.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a water-repellent composite seal for an opening or mobile part of an aircraft, as well as a method of manufacturing this seal.

Prior art

The seals of the openings and moving parts of the aircraft are used to seal the air and water of the interior of the aircraft and optimize the lift and stability of the aircraft. They must have good mechanical properties and be resistant to abrasion in order to have a satisfactory life. They must also have a reduced coefficient of friction in order to reduce the closing forces. Thus, in the case of an aircraft door, the door whose edge is equipped with the seal just close the opening and then translate automatically in a vertical direction in strikes surrounding the opening. This translational movement imposes a seal having a reduced coefficient of friction because it is the seal which is directly in contact with the fuselage during the translational movement.

Similarly, it is common that the seal is compressed at the hinge of the opening and therefore subjected locally to intense friction when opening and closing the door.

Conventionally the seals comprise a hollow portion which is intended to be compressed to seal and a fixing portion which serves to fix the seal on the opening.

It turns out that some joints let water into the aircraft even when the hollow portion is compressed. Water leaks appear both in flight and on the ground when the aircraft is not in use. These water leaks are inconvenient for the crew who must mop the ground of the aircraft before the flight. In addition, when it is an opening located, for example, in the cockpit, these leaks are likely to cause and damage the electrical and electronic equipment of the aircraft; they are therefore a source of danger.

In addition, the seal soaked with water is likely to freeze. The frozen joint being adhered by the frozen water to the wall of the aircraft, the opening can be disturbed or impossible. The seal is no longer guaranteed and especially the opening can no longer be opened, the seal being stuck by the frozen water (ice or only frost) to the wall of the aircraft. The impossibility or at least the difficulty opening the opening can also be dangerous under certain conditions.

WO2014 / 198956 A1 discloses an anti-icing / de-icing system which comprises an insulated electrical conductor which extends along the support of the seal and a source of electrical energy which supplies the conductor with electricity of to increase its temperature to a value not exceeding a given ceiling. The seal being heated, the gel or frost is not formed. However, this type of system consumes energy and requires maintenance and monitoring, especially at the source of electricity. If it does not work or is bad, the system is no longer effective. The installation of the system also requires a particular installation operation on the aircraft which increases its cost.

An object of the present invention is to provide a seal which overcomes all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks and particularly related to the use of the system of the aforementioned prior art.

For this purpose, the present invention proposes a composite seal for an opening or an aircraft moving part of the type comprising a hollow portion capable of elastically deforming and a fixing portion, said seal being formed of a textile which has a first face. covered with a layer of at least one elastomer and a second face forming the outer surface of said seal. Typically, according to the invention, at least at the level of said second face, the fiber or fibers forming the son or son of said textile are at least partially covered with at least one water-repellent polymer.

The water repellent polymer being on the son or fibers, the thickness of the textile is not changed. It is thus possible to use the same molds as those used for the same textile untreated by the water-repellent polymer.

The water-repellent polymer prevents water from passing through the seal for a longer time than the same seal without a water repellent polymer.

In addition, the Applicant has also found that the seal according to the invention was more easily torn off ice than a conventional seal. In other words, a movable part or an opening equipped with the seal according to the invention is easier to move or open even if the seal is glued to the edge of the opening by frost or frost.

The second face is not covered with an elastomer layer. At the level of the second face, the textile is visible and not covered. The yarns / fibers of the textile may, on the other hand, comprise a tie layer which promotes the adhesion of the elastomer layer and in particular a tie layer as defined hereinafter.

The textile is not limited according to the invention. It may be chosen from synthetic textiles, in particular textiles comprising at least one polyester and more particularly knits formed of a synthetic yarn, in particular knits formed of a yarn comprising at least one polyester and more particularly knits formed of a polyester yarn whose knitted pattern advantageously forms grooves (ribs) substantially parallel to each other and which extend in particular substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal dimension of said joint. The yarn forming the textile is preferably a monofilament and has a grammage of between 50 and 60 decitex and preferably equal to 55 or 56 decitex.

The aforementioned grooves reduce the contact surface of the seal with the wall surrounding the opening; the friction is thus reduced and the life of the seal is improved. However, these ribs tend according to their orientation with respect to the length of the joint either to promote the stagnation of the water at the upper surface of the seal, or on the contrary to drain its surface and to promote the accumulation of water at the channel formed by the hollow portion pressed against the wall surrounding the opening. The Applicant has demonstrated that the seal of the invention provides the same benefits regardless of the orientation of the ribs of the textile. According to a particular embodiment, said water-repellent polymer is chosen from polysiloxanes, fluorocarbon polymers and in particular fluorocarbon polymers whose pattern comprises from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and in particular 6 carbon atoms, mixtures of at least one polymer fluorocarbon with at least one polymer selected from urea-formaldehyde copolymers, optionally methylated melamine-formaldehyde copolymers, thiocarbamide-formaldehyde copolymers, cyanamide-formaldehyde copolymers and dicyandiamide-formaldehyde copolymers and preferably preferably methylated melamine-formaldehyde copolymers. Advantageously, the water repellent polymer is a mixture of a fluorocarbon polymer whose pattern comprises carbon atoms with a melamine-formaldehyde copolymer, preferably methylated. Such polymers or polymer blends prove to be resistant to water but also to the oils and greases commonly used in the aeronautical industry. They give the seal of the invention excellent water-repellent properties by rendering it hydrophobic without altering its mechanical properties. The elastomer is not limited according to the invention. It may be a cold-polymerizable elastomer (for example, by reaction with air humidity), hot by a radical reaction or by the action of UV radiation. can be combined with the aforementioned embodiment, the elastomer is chosen from elastomers obtained by radical polymerization at a temperature substantially equal to or greater than 110 ° C of a composition containing at least one siloxane-type monomer and in particular a monomer comprising at least minus one [0-Si (CH3) 2] motif. This type of elastomer used in aeronautics remains chemically inert with respect to the water-repellent polymer, in particular the aforementioned water-repellent polymers.

Advantageously, at least at the level of said first face, said one or more fibers forming said one or more yarns of said textile are coated with a tie layer promoting the adhesion of said elastomer and in particular of an adhesive layer comprising an aqueous composition. polymerizable at a temperature substantially equal to or greater than 120 ° C and substantially equal to or less than 200 ° C, in particular an aqueous composition containing a compound comprising an epoxy functional group and / or at least one cyanate function and preferably two cyanate functional groups; said tie layer may in particular have a thickness substantially equal to or greater than 5 μm and substantially equal to or less than 15 μm and preferably equal to 10 μm. This attachment layer promotes the attachment of the elastomer but does not interfere with the deposition of the water-repellent polymer on the son / fibers of the textile of the seal. By way of example, the thickness of said textile and substantially equal to or greater than 0.20 mm and substantially equal to or less than 0.60 mm, in that the thickness of said elastomer layer is substantially equal to or greater than 0.1 mm and substantially equal to or less than 0.6 mm and / or in that the thickness of said layer of at least one water-repellent polymer is substantially equal to or greater than 5 μm and substantially equal to or less than 15 μm. Such a seal proves to be particularly effective both for watertightness and for the ease of opening the sash and movement for moving parts in case of frost or frost.

The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a composite seal for an aircraft opening of the type comprising a hollow portion capable of elastically deforming and a fastening portion according to which: a textile is provided, in particular a synthetic textile which has a first and a second face; said first face of said textile is covered with a layer of a polymerizable composition capable of forming, after polymerization, an elastomer; said textile is placed in the first part of a mold, said second face of said textile which is not covered with said composition being in contact with the internal surface of said mold; placing a rigid core in said first mold and covering it so as to form said hollow portion and said fixing portion; the second part of said mold is placed on said first part; and the polymerization of said polymerizable layer is carried out so as to form an elastomer layer, in particular by subjecting the assembly to a temperature substantially equal to or greater than 110 ° C. for a time allowing said polymerizable composition to be polymerized; and - said seal is demolded and said core is removed.

Characteristically according to the invention, the fiber or fibers of said textile are at least partially covered with at least one water-repellent polymer before covering said first face of said textile with said layer of elastomer-forming composition or covering at least one partially said fiber or said fibers of said textile of a water-repellent polymer after demolding said seal, said core being in said seal.

The Applicant has shown that even if the water-repellent composition is applied before the layer of polymerizable composition capable of forming an elastomer, the adhesion of the elastomer remains satisfactory. The Applicant has also shown that it was possible to cover the joint with a water-repellent polymer, after demolding, without altering the elastomer layer and without harming the cohesion of the layers of the seal of the invention. The Applicant has also found that it was possible to form on the fibers a water-repellent polymer layer even when the fibers / yarns of the textile are coated with a tie layer as defined below.

Covering the yarns / fibers of the fabric after demolding the seal allows the use of less water-repellent polymer, which reduces the cost of manufacturing the seal. This also makes it possible to limit the contact between the elastomer and the water-repellent polymer and thus to guarantee the cohesion of the joint even with an elastomer that is chemically susceptible to the water-repellent polymer.

Advantageously, at least partially said fiber or said fibers of said textile is covered with said water-repellent polymer: by contacting at least said second face of said textile with a water-repellent polymerizable composition comprising at least one siloxane-type monomer and / or at least one monomer fluorocarbon, preferably at least one fluorocarbon monomer selected from monomers comprising from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and in particular 6 carbon atoms, mixtures of at least one fluorocarbon monomer with a mixture containing methanal and optionally methanol and at least a monomeric compound selected from urea, melamine, thiocarbamide, hydrogen cyanamide and dicyandiamide and preferably melamine and mixtures of at least one monomer comprising from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and in particular 6 atoms of carbon and a mixture containing methanal and optionally methanol and at least one monomer c among urea, melamine, thiocarbamide, hydrogen cyanamide and dicyandiamide and preferably melamine; then - by firing the assembly obtained to obtain the polymerization of said water-repellent polymerizable composition, in particular at a temperature substantially equal to or greater than 130 ° C. and substantially equal to or lower than 180 ° C. and in particular equal to 170 ° C. for a period of 3 to 8 min.

The contacting can be by immersion in a bath, by padding, by spraying, by spraying and scraping or by impregnation with the aid of a brush or a roller, for example.

Advantageously, a mixture of methanal, melamine and methanol is used with a fluorocarbon monomer preferably comprising 6 carbon atoms. It is possible to use a mixture of a fluorocarbon monomer comprising 6 carbon atoms with an aqueous composition capable of forming, by polymerization, a methylated melamine formaldehyde co-polymer having a pH of between 8 and 10 and a density substantially equal to 1.2.

According to a particular embodiment, which can be combined with any one of the aforementioned modes, before covering said first face of said polymerizable elastomer-forming composition, said fiber or said fibers of said textile are at least partially covered with layer of a fastening composition promoting adhesion of said elastomer and in particular of a polymerizable aqueous composition at a polymerization temperature substantially equal to or greater than 120 ° C. and substantially equal to or less than 200 ° C. and preferably having a thickness substantially equal to or greater than 5 μm and substantially equal to or less than 15 μm and preferably equal to 10 μm and said tackifying composition is polymerized by then bringing said fabric to said polymerization temperature.

Said textile may be chosen from synthetic textiles, in particular textiles comprising at least one polyester and more particularly knits formed of a synthetic yarn, in particular knits formed of a yarn comprising at least one polyester and more particularly the knits formed a polyester yarn whose knitted pattern advantageously forms grooves substantially parallel to each other and / or said polymerizable composition capable of forming by polymerization an elastomer is chosen from compositions containing at least one siloxane-type monomer and in particular a monomer comprising at least one [0-Si (CH3) 2]

The present invention also relates to an aircraft opening comprising the gasket according to the invention and a mobile part comprising the gasket according to the invention. Definitions

Throughout this application, the term "aircraft" refers to any means of transport capable of climbing and moving at altitude. It refers more specifically to an airplane or a helicopter.

The term "opening" designates any element that can be separated from the aircraft, such as, for example, a door, a hatch or a ventilation panel.

The term "moving part" refers to moving parts on the wing ("slat", "flap", "spoiler" fins) to the empennage and the landing gear.

The term "textile" includes fabrics composed of warp yarns and weft yarns, knits formed by knitting a single yarn and lace.

The term "elastomer" refers to an amorphous, crystalline or semi-crystalline material having a glass transition temperature of less than or equal to -40 ° C.

The term "polymer" includes homopolymers, copolymers of two or more monomers, block copolymers, and random copolymers.

The term "water-repellent polymer" refers to a hydrophobic polymer and therefore capable of imparting a water repellency.

The term "water-repellent polymerizable composition" refers to a composition which after polymerization produces a hydrophobic polymer.

The term "monomer" refers to any compound capable of polymerizing with itself and / or with another copolymer.

The term "polysiloxanes" refers to polymers comprising a chain formed of silicon atoms bonded to oxygen atoms (Si-O-Si-O ...); the silicon atoms may be bonded independently to one another to one or more organic groups selected from the following groups: methyl, hydroxyl, phenyl, vinyl ethyl and trifluoropropyl.

The term "fluorocarbon polymer" refers to any polymer having a chain of carbon atoms covalently bonded to one or more fluorine atoms. It may be, throughout the present application of a polymer whose pattern has a carbon chain, at least one of the carbons of this chain being bonded to at least one fluorine atom. It may also be a polymer whose carbon chain comprises a fluorine atom in place of a carbon atom. Preferably, the fluorinated polymers which are alkane, alkene or alkyne type and all or part of the hydrogen atoms are substituted by fluorine atoms to the exclusion of any other halogen.

According to the invention, a fluorocarbon polymer comprising 6 carbon atoms is a polymer as mentioned above, the pattern of which comprises a linear or non-linear chain of 6 carbon atoms, each or only one or more of them being connected by a covalent bond at a fluorine atom; the other atoms bonded to the carbon atoms of the chain may be hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 5 and preferably from 1 to 3 and in particular from 1 to 2 carbon atoms. The groups connecting the patterns are not limited according to the invention.

The term "fiber" refers to a mono filament.

The term "wire" includes mono filaments and sets of mono filaments, especially sets formed by a twist of mono filaments.

The terms "contacting" and other affiliated terms denote any process for contacting a textile with a liquid composition or in the form of foam or gel or paste. It can be padding, dipping, spraying, painting or coating.

The term "covered with a layer" with reference to fibers or threads includes fibers which are bound to the layer by a mechanical action for example due to the polymerization of the layer which thus encloses the fiber and the fibers which are chemically bonded together. to said layer either by Van der Waals type interactions, or by hydrogen bonding or else by covalent bonds.

figures

The present invention, its features and the various advantages that it provides will be better understood on reading the following description of a particular embodiment of the seal of the present invention described by way of illustration without being limiting which refers to in the accompanying drawings in which: - FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a joint portion according to a particular embodiment of the invention; - Figs. 2a and 2b respectively show a photograph of a non-watertight seal and a seal according to the present invention, the hollow portion of which has been contacted with water for 6 hours; FIG. 3 schematically represents the step of closing the mold in two parts according to a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention; and - Figs. 4a and 4b represent photographs respectively of a seal whose textile is not treated with a water-repellent composition and a seal according to the invention, these joints having been extracted from the ice block formed during the stress test at tearing explained later.

With reference to FIG. 1, the seal 1 according to the invention comprises a hollow portion 11 which defines a housing extending along the length of the seal and open at both ends thereof. The seal also comprises a fixing portion 13 which in this case is substantially planar. This fixing portion is used for fixing the seal on the opening of the aircraft.

The seal of FIG. 1 has the following features described in Example 1 which follows.

Example 1

Textile: polyester knit resulting from the knitting of a continuous filament of polyester having a linear mass of 55 decitex.

Elastomer: Silicone obtained by polymerization of a composition containing a siloxane and peroxides. The polymerization is carried out at a temperature of 120 ° C for 10 min. The composition making it possible to obtain this elastomer is marketed by Momentive (silicone 50 shores for aeronautical application). Thickness of the elastomer layer: 0.5 mm.

Water repellent composition applied on both sides of the textile, before the deposition of the composition layer giving by polymerization an elastomer. The water repellent composition is a mixture of a fluorocarbon monomer comprising 6 carbon atoms and an aqueous composition capable of forming by polymerization a methylated melamine formaldehyde co-polymer having a pH of between 8 and 10 and a density substantially equal to 1, 2. The polymerization is carried out at a temperature of 170 ° C for 3 to 4 min. Example 2

A second example of a joint was made using the same fabric and the same polymerizable compositions as for Example 1. On the other hand, the water-repellent polymerizable composition was applied after the formation of the joint by polymerization of the layer of material capable of forming an elastomer. This water-repellent polymerizable composition has been applied to the outer surface of the joint which is formed of the textile not coated with any layer, the fibers of the latter being coated with a tie layer as cited in the remainder of the application.

With reference to Figs. 2a and 2b, the seals have substantially the same shape as the seal shown in FIG. 1. The only difference is that these joints have a curved length. In Figs. 2a and 2b, the joints were fixed on a vertical support by means of their respective fixing portion which was screwed onto the support. A transparent plate compresses the gasket in a vertical plane parallel to the support. The compression ratio is 15%, that is to say that the width of the hollow portion is reduced by 15% under the effect of the pressure exerted by the plate. Then pour 2 cm of water on the upper face of the hollow portion, so that the water level is below the fixing holes. Leaks are then measured as a function of time. The water having passed through the seal is collected in a cup located under the latter and its quantity is measured. The seal according to the invention corresponds to the seal of example 1 above. The seal used for comparison comprises the same textile and the same elastomer forming a layer of the same thickness as in Example 1. The only difference with the seal of Example 1 is that the textile was treated with no water-repellent composition.

In the case of the seal of the invention, the first drop of water falls under the seal after 1 hour and 40 min. In the case of the seal used for comparison, the first drop appears after 7 min.

After 6 hours of contact with water, the seal used for comparison is completely soaked with water and has a darker color proving its impregnation of water (see Fig. 2a). The total volume of leaks is 14ml. The amount of water absorbed in the seal is 3.3ml (value obtained by weighing the seal before contact with water and after 6 hours of contact with water).

In the case of the seal of the present invention, after 6 hours, the amount of water having passed through the seal is 0.5 ml and the amount of water present in the seal is 0.00 ml (measurement obtained by weighing as mentioned above). As can be seen in FIG. 2b, only the upper face of the seal that is in contact with the water has changed color however the seal is not soaked with water unlike the seal used for comparison.

The seal according to the present invention reduces water leakage that can occur at the sash and moreover it does not imbibe water; it can not be attached to the aircraft wall by frost or ice formation.

An example of a step of implementing the method of the invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 3.

With reference to FIG. 3, the mold 3 comprises a base 31 and a cover 33 which cooperates with the base. A fabric 5 is spread in the base 5 which has a first face 51 covered with a layer 7 formed of a composition capable of forming an elastomer by heat polymerization and a second face 53 which is bare (not coated with any layer). The layer 7 can be deposited, for example, by calendering. The second face 53 is placed in contact with the inner face of the base 31. The core 35 is then placed on the layer 7, at the level of the recess formed by the base 31, the edge of the textile extending over the flat portion of the base to form the fixing portion as further explained. The core 35 is covered and the textile portion spread over the flat portion of the base 31 is covered. At the level of the flat portion of the base, the layer 7 is in contact with itself, the textile being folded. The mold was heated to a temperature of 120 ° C as indicated with reference to Example 1 for the same duration as indicated in Example 1. A seal having the same shape as that of FIG. 1 but not yet treated with the water-repellent composition. For this treatment, a water repellent composition is sprayed as indicated with reference to Example 1 over the entire outer surface of the seal. If necessary, the excess is scraped off and the resulting seal is baked at 170 ° C. for 3 to 4 minutes. This gives a seal according to the invention.

Stress test on pullout

The seal according to the invention is as described with reference to Example 1 above.

The seal used for comparison is identical to that of the invention except the treatment of the textile with a water-repellent composition;

Each of the aforementioned seals is placed in a container which contains water so that it bathes in water 12mm from its height. The container containing the seal is then placed in a cold room for 12 hours so that the water turns into ice around the seal. Immediately (less than 2 minutes) after removal of the cold chamber from the encapsulated seal in the ice block, a rigid bar is passed into the hollow portion of the seal and a perpendicular traction to the surface of the ice block is applied until detachment of the seal from the ice block. The tensile force is measured. Results:

Seal according to the invention: tensile force: 4.5daN.

Joint used for comparison: tensile stress 9.25daN.

Moreover, in both cases, the length of the seal portion encapsulated in the ice is 110 mm. The width of the portion of the hollow portion of the seal in contact with the ice is about 30 mm. The width of the attachment portion of the seal in contact with the ice is about 22mm. We distinguish the fixing portion of the hollow portion because the tear angle is straight for the fixing portion, which is not the case for the hollow portion (tear angle substantially equal to 30 °).

The total area of the gasket fabric in contact with the ice is in both cases 57.2 cm2. In addition, after separation of the seal and the ice block, as can be seen in FIGS. 4a and 4b, the Applicant has found that there is no ice residue on the seal according to the invention whereas in the case of the seal used for comparison, ice and liquid water remain the surface of the joint.

Claims (10)

Claims: 1. Composite seal for an opening or moving part of aircraft of the type comprising a hollow portion (11) capable of elastically deforming and a fastening portion (13), said seal being formed of a textile having a first face covered with a layer of at least one elastomer and a second side not covered with an elastomer and forming the outer surface of said seal, characterized in that at least at said second face, the fiber or fibers forming the the threads of said textile are at least partially covered with at least one water-repellent polymer. 2. composite seal according to claim 1, characterized in that said textile is selected from synthetic textiles, in particular textiles comprising at least one polyester and more particularly knits formed of a synthetic yarn, in particular knits formed of a yarn comprising at least one polyester and more particularly the knits formed of a polyester yarn whose knitted pattern advantageously forms grooves substantially parallel to each other and which extend in particular substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal dimension of said joint. 3. composite seal according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said water-repellent polymer is selected from polysiloxanes, fluorocarbon polymers and in particular fluorocarbon polymers whose pattern comprises from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and in particular 6 carbon atoms, mixtures of at least one fluorocarbon polymer with at least one polymer selected from urea-formaldehyde copolymers, optionally methylated melamine-formaldehyde copolymers, thiocarbamide-formaldehyde copolymers, cyanamide-formaldehyde copolymers and dicyandiamide copolymers. formaldehyde and preferably melamine-formaldehyde copolymers preferably methylated. 4. composite seal according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said elastomer is chosen from elastomers obtained by radical polymerization at a temperature substantially equal to or greater than 110 ° C of a composition containing at least one monomer of the type. siloxane and in particular a monomer comprising at least one [0-Si (CH 3) 2] unit. 5. composite seal according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least at said first face, said one or more fibers forming said one or said son of said textile are coated with a hooking layer promoting hooking said elastomer and in particular a tie layer comprising an aqueous polymerizable composition at a temperature substantially equal to or greater than 120 ° C. and substantially equal to or less than 200 ° C. and preferably having a thickness substantially equal to or greater than 5 μm and substantially equal to or less than 15 pm and preferably equal to 10 pm. 6. composite seal according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of said textile and substantially equal to or greater than 0.20 mm and substantially equal to or less than 0.60 mm, in that the thickness of said elastomer layer is substantially equal to or greater than 0.1mm and substantially equal to or less than 0.6mm and / or that the thickness of said layer of at least one water-repellent polymer is substantially equal to or greater than 5pm and substantially equal to or less than 15pm. 7. A method of manufacturing a composite seal for an opening or moving part of an aircraft of the type comprising a hollow portion adapted to be deformed in an elastic manner and a fastening portion in which: a textile is provided, in particular a synthetic textile which exhibits first and second faces; said first face of said textile is covered with a layer of a polymerizable composition capable of forming, after polymerization, an elastomer; said textile is placed in the first part of a mold, said second face of said textile which is not covered with said composition being in contact with the internal surface of said mold; placing a rigid core in said first mold and covering it so as to form said hollow portion and said fixing portion; the second part of said mold is placed on said first part; and the polymerization of said polymerizable layer is carried out so as to form an elastomer layer, in particular by subjecting the assembly to a temperature substantially equal to or greater than 110 ° C. for a time allowing said polymerizable composition to be polymerized; and the said seal is demolded, characterized in that the fiber or fibers of the said textile are covered with at least one water-repellent polymer before covering the said first face of the said textile with the said composition or in that at least one covering partially said fiber or said fibers of said textile of said water-repellent polymer after demolding said seal. 8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that at least partially said fiber or said fibers of said textile said water-repellent polymer by contacting at least said second face of said textile with a water-repellent polymerizable composition comprising at least one monomer of the siloxane type and / or at least one fluorocarbon monomer, preferably at least one fluorocarbon monomer chosen from monomers comprising from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and in particular 6 carbon atoms, mixtures of at least one fluorocarbon monomer with a mixture containing methanal and optionally methanol and at least one monomer selected from urea, melamine, thiocarbamide, hydrogen cyanamide and dicyandiamide and preferably melamine and mixtures of at least one monomer which comprises 4 to 8 carbon atoms and especially 6 carbon atoms and a mixture containing methanal and possibly methanol and at least one monomer selected from urea, melamine, thiocarbamide, hydrogen cyanamide and dicyandiamide and preferably melamine and then firing the assembly obtained to obtain the polymerization of said polymerizable composition water repellent, especially at a temperature substantially equal to or greater than 130 ° C and substantially equal to or less than 180 ° C and in particular equal to 170 ° C for a period of 3 to 8 min. 9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that before covering said first face of said polymerizable composition forming an elastomer, at least partially covers said fiber or said fibers of said textile with a layer of a adhesion composition promoting adhesion of said elastomer and in particular of a polymerizable aqueous composition at a polymerization temperature substantially equal to or greater than 120 ° C and substantially equal to or less than 200 ° C and preferably having a thickness substantially equal to or greater than at 5 μm and substantially equal to or less than 15 μm and preferably equal to 10 μm and in that said composition is polymerized by bringing said fabric to said polymerization temperature. 10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said textile is selected from synthetic textiles, in particular textiles comprising at least one polyester and more particularly knits formed of a synthetic yarn, in particular knits formed a yarn comprising at least one polyester and more particularly knits formed from a polyester yarn whose knitted pattern advantageously forms grooves substantially parallel to each other and / or in that said polymerizable composition capable of forming by polymerization a elastomer is chosen from compositions containing at least one siloxane-type monomer and in particular a monomer comprising at least one [O-Si (CH 3) 2] unit.