FR3050218B1 - PREFABRICATED TECHNICAL SHEATH, INSTALLATION OR SHOWER CABIN OR BATH COMPRISING SUCH A SHEATH, PREFABRICATION METHOD AND METHOD OF INSTALLING SUCH A SHEATH - Google Patents

Abstract

Prefabricated technical sheath (1) comprising: - a support structure, comprising a plurality of panels interconnected so as to define at least one outer face, - at least one fluid transport network and / or electric current, waiting connecting piece, comprising at least one pipe for the transport of fluid and / or at least one cable for the transmission of electricity, - at least one tiled finish (10) covering at least said outer face of the support structure, at least an opening in the tiled finish (10) to allow connection of at least one piece of equipment to said transport network.

Description

Prefabricated technical duct, installation or shower enclosure or bath comprising such a duct, prefabrication method and method for laying such a duct

Field of Invention

The present invention relates to the development of residential or commercial spaces, including sanitary facilities, wellness or cooking.

In particular, the invention relates to prefabricated technical sleeves, intended to be fixed in such spaces for the installation of a shower, a bath, a basin or sink, a steam room, toilets, toilets, a credence, among others. The invention also relates to a shower or bath enclosure comprising such a technical sheath, an installation equipped with such a technical sheath, as well as a prefabrication process and a method of laying this technical sheath.

Prior Art and Objectives of the Invention

For the installation of a shower, it is necessary to involve several trades, including a plumber, a tiler, possibly an electrician. The realization of a shower is made on the spot, essentially for sealing reasons. Thus, the time of completion of the shower on the site is relatively long and therefore binding, especially in cases of renovation of an inhabited or occupied site.

It is known to prefabricate shower enclosures made of polyester or resin. The prefabricated shower cabins are installed quickly on the site and do not require the intervention of several trades. Some prefabricated shower cabins have, on at least one wall, a tempered glass or aluminum coating. However, the quality, reliability and aesthetics of these shower stalls are generally unsatisfactory. In addition, their dimensions are limited and standard.

Thus, there is a need to allow a quick and customized implementation, without requiring the intervention of several trades, in the installation of a shower enclosure or other equipment of a sanitary space or kitchen, with a level of quality and aesthetics superior to known prefabricated systems.

Technical sleeve The subject of the invention is, in a first aspect, a prefabricated technical sheath comprising: a support structure, comprising a plurality of panels interconnected so as to define at least one outer face, at least one network of transport of fluid and / or electrical current, waiting for connection, comprising at least one pipe for the transport of fluid and / or at least one cable for the transmission of electricity, - at least one tiled finish covering at least said face exterior of the support structure, - at least one opening in the tiled finish to allow connection of at least one piece of equipment to said transport network.

Thanks to the invention, there is a prefabricated modular element that can adapt to different types of installations and already pre-equipped. The aesthetics with the tiled finish is advantageous. In addition, such a technical sheath does not require, for its installation, the intervention of several different trades. Finally, the prefabricated technical sheath is well equipped, it can be quickly put on the destination.

The prefabricated technical sheath according to the invention advantageously forms a wall for a sanitary or kitchen installation, for example an entire wall of a shower enclosure.

The technical duct thus has a technical function by the presence of the fluid and / or electricity transport network, and possibly one or more electrical or sanitary equipment or heating, and at the same time a structural function forming a wall of the sanitary or kitchen facility.

The tiled finish can be made of a material consisting of a laminate of porcelain stoneware.

The porcelain stoneware laminate is a plate that can be made from a mixture of minerals, kaolin, feldspars, clay. It has a very low porosity. It can be implemented in the form of a thin plate.

The tiled finish advantageously has a thickness less than or equal to 5 mm, in particular less than 4 mm, preferably equal to about 3.5 mm. Due to its small thickness, the tiled finish is relatively light compared to other thicker tiling finishes.

The tiled finish is preferably carried out, for the cladding of an outer face, of a single piece. This is a single tile covering the entire outer face. This means that there is no seal present in the tiled finish, except possibly on its periphery during installation, which allows the prefabrication of the technical sheath with tiled finish and facilitates installation and subsequent maintenance.

The material of the tiled finish may initially be in the form of a large tile of small thickness and having large dimensions, for example 3 meters by 1 meter, it is possible to cut to the desired width and length for cover substantially all of an outer face of the technical sheath.

The tiled finish for example covers substantially the entire surface of said outer face. It can be fixed by gluing, a glue then being interposed between the outer face of the panel defining it and the tiled finish.

The support structure preferably comprises reinforcements and / or rails, in particular metal, in particular for interconnecting the panels or reinforcing the support structure. The reinforcements may be in the form of brackets for example. Reinforcements and / or rails are advantageously configured to allow their attachment by screwing and / or gluing, in particular by screwing and gluing.

The panels of the support structure may be made from a material consisting of a polystyrene foam, in particular an extruded or expanded polystyrene rigid foam, for example without hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC). The panels, which may be of the type known as building panels, may thus comprise an extruded polystyrene foam core, coated on both sides with glass fibers, in the form of reinforcement or mesh, coated with a mortar or cement, in particular plasticized. Such panels have the advantage of being light, to be easily handled and cut to the required dimensions, to be waterproof and to be a good thermal insulator. The cementitious or mortar-based surface can form a good adhesion support, for example to receive a coating or adhesive for laying the tiled finish. The fiberglass reinforcement can absorb tensile forces. Such panels can for example be used for wall or floor coverings. The panels may have a thickness of between 6 mm and 50 mm.

The technical sheath may comprise at least one sealing strip, in particular positioned in corners of the support structure under the tiled finish. This may make it possible to ensure tightness, especially in the connection zones between the technical sheath and a partition.

The transmission network may comprise at least one cable for the transmission of electricity, for example may be connected to lighting and / or other electrical equipment, for example a ventilation, a spot, a light emitting diode, an electrical outlet.

The transport network may comprise at least one pipe for the transport of fluid for the arrival or the evacuation of the fluid. The fluid may be water, a heat transfer fluid, steam or a gas. The fluid transport network may for example serve a faucet, a mixer, a hand shower, a shower head, a steam nozzle, a water jet, a heater or other. In the case of a steam nozzle, especially for a steam room, the transport network preferably comprises at least one copper pipe carrying steam and serving the steam nozzle.

The technical duct may comprise said at least one equipment connected by said at least one opening to the transmission network, the equipment being selected from the group consisting of a valve, electrical equipment, such as a socket, a switch, a lighting , for example a spot or a light-emitting diode, a screen, an acoustic enclosure, or a ventilation, a steam nozzle, a ventilation, a shower head, a toilet.

The support structure may comprise at least two outer faces covered with said tiled finish. These outer faces can form a continuous surface, in particular to allow good adhesion of the tiled finish.

In this case, said at least two outer faces may be oppositely disposed with respect to the support structure. The support structure may also, alternatively or additionally, comprise two adjacent outer faces, for example perpendicular to each other, to be coated with the tiled finish. The support structure may further comprise three outer faces, two to two adjacent and two of them then being opposed, coated with tiled finish.

The support structure forms for example at least one interior space in which at least partially extends the fluid transport network and / or electric current. In order to keep piping and / or cables in place in said at least one interior space, holding means may be provided, fixed to the support structure, in particular to the panels, for example arranged vertically or horizontally, and provided with opening (s). ) of shape and diameter adapted to the cross section of the pipes or cables to be maintained, to allow the passage and the maintenance of these.

The technical sheath is preferably configured to be fixed to a partition and to at least partially delimit a sanitary space, including a shower, a bath, a basin or sink, toilet, or kitchen space, especially to form a credence.

The technical sheath can still be designed to allow the attachment of various equipment type support tablet, mirrors.

The technical duct may be provided to extend over the entire height of the floor to ceiling of a sanitary space or kitchen.

Shower cabin or bath The invention further relates, in another aspect, in combination with the foregoing, a shower enclosure or bath comprising a prefabricated technical sheath as defined above.

In such a shower enclosure or bath, the prefabricated technical duct may form a wall of the shower enclosure or bath, at least one other wall and / or a shower tray receiver or the bathtub having the same tiled finish or a similar tiled finish, including the same thickness and material with possibly a different color. The shower enclosure or bath may further comprise at least one glass wall.

Thanks to the invention, it is possible to realize a custom prefabricated shower cabin. The technical sheath forms a module thereof, and other modules are provided, such as the receiver, and one or more walls, glazed or not, complementary.

The same tiled finish can be used in the realization of the shower tray and be cut to the desired dimensions taking into account the opening for the evacuation of wastewater, as well as for the other wall or walls of the shower enclosure, if necessary, these other walls may be devoid of technical function.

Sanitary or kitchen installation The invention also relates, in another aspect, in combination with the foregoing, a sanitary installation, which may be a bathroom or a wellness area, for example, or kitchen installation , delimited at least partially by a prefabricated technical sheath, as defined above, fixed, in particular by screwing and / or bonding, to at least one partition, in particular by at least one outer face defined by the support structure, not covered with tiled finish.

In this installation, the support structure of the technical duct may comprise at least two outer faces, in particular opposite, covered with tiled finish, each to serve at least one equipment selected from a shower, a bath, a toilet, a washbasin cabinet , a hammam.

The subject of the invention is, in another aspect, in combination with the foregoing, a method of prefabrication of a technical cladding as defined above, comprising the following steps: - assembling the support structure, - Arrange the fluid and / or electrical power transport network, - Fix, in particular by gluing, the tiled finish on at least one outer face of the support structure, - Carry out said at least one opening in the tiled finish to allow connecting at least one piece of equipment to said transport network, - possibly connecting the item (s) to the transport network. The whole of the transport network or networks necessary for the implementation of the sanitary or kitchen installation may be present in the prefabricated technical duct, whether for a shower, a bath, a washbasin or washbasin, a toilet , a heater or electrical or other equipment.

The invention also relates, in another of its aspects, in combination with the foregoing, to a method of laying a prefabricated technical sheath as defined above, comprising the following steps: - preparing one or partitions of a sanitary or kitchen space, - fix the technical sheath, in particular by gluing and / or screwing, preferably by gluing and screwing, to the said partition or partitions, - finalizing the connections of the transport network to those of the sanitary space or kitchen.

When the panels and tiled finish are made of thin materials and / or light, despite dimensions that can be large, the overall mass of the technical sheath, and possibly other modules, remains relatively low for transport and maintenance. installation at the place of destination.

The invention may be better understood on reading which follows, examples of non-limiting implementation thereof, and on examining the drawing appended hereto, in which: FIG. schematic in cross section a prefabricated technical sheath according to the invention after partial installation, - Figure 2 shows, schematically, partially and in perspective, an example of a shower enclosure according to the invention, - Figure 3 shows, schematically and partially, in cross section seen from above, another example of a technical sheath according to the invention after installation, and - Figure 4 schematically shows, in cross-section, another example of implementation of the technical sheath according to the invention.

There is shown in Figure 1 a prefabricated technical sheath 1 factory which was then fixed on an existing partition C of a sanitary space or kitchen.

The technical sheath 1 forms a structural element. Indeed, it comprises a support structure 2 comprising panels 3 defining at least one, in this example two outer faces 4. Some of these panels 3 allow attachment to the partition or partitions C.

In the illustrated example, the support structure 2 comprises panels 3, is hollow with spaces 20 for the passage of the pipes and cables of the transport network 5. In this example, there are four spaces 20 separated by the panels 3 .

In this example, the support structure 2 comprises five panels 3. It comprises two panels 3 defining the outer faces 4, referenced 25 and 26, and arranged perpendicularly to each other. The support structure 2 further comprises a panel 3, intermediate, referenced 21, arranged parallel to the larger outer face 4, and forming a transverse support for fixing the embedded fitting for example, and of shorter length than the panel 25. Two panels 3 transverse perpendicular thereto, referenced 22, are provided. They are of length substantially equal to that of the panel 26. They allow on the one hand the maintenance of the panel 21, being fixed respectively to its lateral ends, and also the fixing of the technical sheath 1 to the partition C, as visible, by means of fixing means 23 comprising both reinforcements and screws-type fasteners. A gluing system can also be envisaged alternately or additionally. The panels 22 are also attached to a lateral end opposite the partition C to the panel 25, perpendicular thereto.

In this example, the panels 3 forming the support structure 2 are made of a material, also called a building panel, comprising a core of polystyrene foam, coated on both sides with a glass fiber mesh coated with cement. Such a material is marketed for example under the trademark WEDI ®. An advantage of such a construction material is that it is strong, lightweight and has good watertightness.

The prefabricated technical duct 1 further comprises at least one fluid and / or electrical transport network 5 waiting for connection, including in this example a pipe allowing the arrival of 6 hot water, the arrival 7 of cold water and wastewater disposal. The inlet pipes 6 of hot water and of arrival 7 of cold water are arranged in the same space 20 while the evacuation 8 of the wastewater is disposed in another space 20. It is not beyond the scope of the invention if the transport network allows the transport of a heating fluid for a heating equipment, the steam transport for a steam nozzle, or the transport of electrical current, comprising in the latter case at least one cable for the transmission of electricity. To hold in place, in the interior spaces, the piping, and / or the cables in other embodiments not shown in FIG. 1, holding means 47 are provided, fixed to the support structure 2. FIG. 1 shows holding means 47 for the inlet 6 of hot water, the inlet 7 for cold water and the outlet 8 for sewage, arranged in this example horizontally, and each provided with an opening 48 of shape and diameter adapted to the cross section of the pipes 6, 7 and 8, respectively. The holding means 47 are fixed to the panels 3 and possibly, during installation, to the partition C, for example by means of fixing screws and / or by gluing. Additional holding means 47, not visible in this figure, may be provided on the height of the technical sheath 1. The prefabricated technical sheath 1 further comprises in this example at least one tiled finish 10 covering said at least one outer face 4 of the support structure 2. In this example, the two outer faces 4 are covered with tiled finishes 10. The tiled finish 10 is made in this example in one piece by covered outer face 4, that is to say two pieces arranged perpendicularly to one another. to the other in the example shown and each covering one of the outer faces 4 tiled finish 10. The material chosen for the tiled finish 10, in this example, is a porcelain stoneware laminate having a thickness of about 3, 5 millimeters. An aluminum profile 16 is provided to cover the junction between the two tiled finishes 10 at the corner of the prefabricated technical sheath 1, in this example.

The technical sheath 1 according to the invention also comprises at least one opening 11 made in the tiled finish 10 to allow the connection of at least one equipment to the transport network 5.

Such equipment may be for example non-limiting, a valve. In the illustrated example, this equipment is not connected before installation in the sanitary space, but it can already be provided and connected during the prefabrication of the duct without departing from the scope of the invention.

For fastening the panels 3 to each other, a set of rails and / or metal reinforcements is provided, in the form of brackets or rails as visible in the figure.

The technical sheath 1 further comprises at least one sealing strip 17.

To manufacture or prefabricate a technical sheath 1 according to the invention, it starts by assembling, especially in the factory, the support structure 2 with the panels 3 and reinforcements and / or rails 15 and then the transport network is provided. fluid and / or electric current. The tiled finish 10 is fixed, for example by gluing, on at least one outer face 4 of the support structure 2. The equipment or fittings such as a fitting may be connected to the transport network.

Thus, when laying on site, it remains to prepare the partition or partitions C of the sanitary space or kitchen destination, then to fix the prefabricated technical sheath, in this example by gluing and screwing to the wall or partitions C and finally to finalize the connections of the transport network 5 to those of the sanitary or kitchen space, electrical or fluidic connections.

There is shown in Figure 2 a shower enclosure 30 according to the invention comprising a prefabricated technical sheath 1 similar to that shown in Figure 1.

The prefabricated technical duct 1 forms a wall of the shower enclosure 30, thus constituting a structural element of the shower enclosure 30. The prefabricated technical duct 1 also forms the technical equipment of the shower enclosure 30, allowing the connection or being already connected when laying to various equipment. It therefore has a structural function and a technical function.

Among the equipment shown in this figure, not exhaustive, there is a plurality of acoustic speakers 31, a mixer 32, a shelf 33, a shower 34 with its water inlet 35 and its flexible 36, a control screen 37, a plurality of light-emitting diodes 38, a head shower 39 and its support 40 for the conveyance of water.

The shower enclosure 30 illustrated in Figure 2 further comprises a glass wall 41 fixed to the prefabricated technical sheath 1, perpendicular thereto in this example.

It also comprises a receiver 42 with an opening 43 provided for a discharge of water. In this example, the receiver 42 is coated with a tiled finish 10 identical or similar to that of the technical sheath 1. Even if this is not visible, the receiver 42 according to the invention can also be prefabricated with one or more panels 3 can be made of the same material as those of the prefabricated technical sheath 1, and arranged underlying the tiled finish 10.

The shower enclosure 30 further comprises in this example at least one additional wall 45, non-technical, but only structural, arranged in this example perpendicular to the prefabricated technical sheath 1, against this, in parallel and opposite to the wall This wall 45 is in the example shown, coated with the tiled finish 10 made in one piece.

Thus, thanks to the invention, the shower enclosure 30 is formed of walls without seals except for the joints at the junction between the walls and the receiver.

Another wall may also be present, not visible in this figure, being connected to the wall 45 for example perpendicular thereto and parallel to the prefabricated technical sheath 1 in order to finalize the shower enclosure 30.

As visible, the shower enclosure 30 is attached to at least one partition C and adjacent to a tile D and extends from the floor to the ceiling in this example. It may be of a lower height without departing from the scope of the invention.

In another embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the prefabricated technical sheath 1 is intended to be fixed perpendicularly to a partition C as visible and to separate two zones 50 and 51 of a sanitary space, opposite one to the other. other. A first zone 50 serves in the illustrated example a basin cabinet 52 with a valve 53 and a basin 54. The second zone 51 serves a shower which has been shown a shower head 39 and a mixer 55. The second zone 51 can be occupied by a shower enclosure 30 similar to that of Figure 2, although not shown.

In this example, the prefabricated technical sheath 1 comprises a support structure 2 with six panels 3, including two panels 3 parallel to each other, referenced 60 and 61 in this example and each coated with the tiled finish 10 covering an outer face 4 of each 3. The panel 60 is on the side of the shower, while the panel 61 is on the side of the vanity unit. The transverse panel 62 connecting the panels 60 and 61 also defines an outer face 4 coated with the tiled finish 10. The other three panels 3 are inside the support structure 2, and referenced 21 and 22. It is note that the panels 22 are fixed by their lateral ends to the panels 60 and 61. These are the panels 60 and 61 which are fixed to the partition C by a lateral end opposite the panel 62.

The transport network 5 further comprises in this example an electrical cable 70, disposed in another space 20 not including the pipes 6, 7 or 8.

In this example, there is shown in the first zone 50 a vanity unit and in the second zone 51 a shower, but it is not beyond the scope of the invention if other equipment is provided, for example a toilet, a bathtub Or other.

FIG. 4 shows schematically in plan view the prefabricated technical sheath 1 fixed against a partition C and fitted to a shower and steam room 80. The shower and steam room 80 has a space 79 delimited on one side by the technical sheath 1, an opposite side by a door for example glazed 81, and between them by two partitions C. The shower and steam room 80 comprises, two booths 82, a head shower head 83 fixed on the technical sheath 1 or directly installed in the ceiling of the steam shower in "shower head" version, a shower fitting 84 and possibly hand shower, a steam diffusion nozzle 85, a white lighting 86 or Chromotherapy fixed to the ceiling, a generator 87 steam placed under the bench and accessible through a hatch from the outside of the shower, as illustrated by the arrow, and a touch control panel of the steam generator and lighting. The invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described. In particular, the prefabricated technical sheath 1 can equip a sanitary space, well-being or kitchen space, forming for example a credence.

Claims (10)

A prefabricated technical duct (1) comprising: - a support structure (2), comprising a plurality of panels (3) interconnected so as to define at least one outer face (4), - at least one transport network (5) fluid and / or electric current, pending connection, comprising at least one pipe (6, 7, 8) for the transport of fluid and / or at least one cable (70) for the transmission of electricity - at least one tiled finish (10) covering at least said outer face (4) of the support structure (2), the tiled finish (10) being made of a single tile covering the outer face (4), - at least one opening (11) in the tiled finish (10) for connecting at least one equipment to said transport network (5). 2. Technical duct according to claim 1, the tiled finish (10) being made of a material consisting of a porcelain stoneware laminate, the tiled finish (10) preferably having a thickness of less than or equal to 5 mm, in particular less than 4 mm. mm, preferably equal to about 3.5 mm. 3. Technical duct according to one of the preceding claims, the tiled finish (10) covering substantially the entire surface of said outer face (4). 4. Technical duct according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising said at least one equipment connected by said at least one opening (11) to the transport network, the equipment being selected from the group consisting of a valve, a nozzle of steam, a shower head, a toilet, electrical equipment such as a socket, a switch, a lighting, a screen, a loudspeaker or a ventilation, a steam generator. 5. Technical duct according to any one of the preceding claims, the support structure (2) having at least two outer faces (4) covered with said tiled finish (10), said at least two outer faces (4) being arranged in particular. opposite to the support structure (2). 6. Technical duct according to any one of the preceding claims, the support structure (2) forming at least one interior space (20) in which at least partially extends the fluid transport network and / or electric current. Shower enclosure (30) or bath comprising a prefabricated technical duct (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the prefabricated technical duct (1) forms a wall of the shower enclosure or bath, at least one other wall and / or shower tray (42) or bathtub with the same tiled finish (10) or a similar tiled finish (10), in particular of the same thickness and material and possibly of similar or different color 8. sanitary or kitchen installation delimited at least partially by a prefabricated technical sheath (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 fixed, in particular by screwing and / or gluing, to at least one partition (C), the structure support (2) of the technical sheath (1) may comprise two outer faces (4), in particular opposite, covered with tiled finish (10), each serving at least one equipment selected from a shower, bath, toilet , a washbasin cabinet, a steam room. 9. A method of prefabrication of a technical sheath (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: - assemble the support structure (2), - arrange the transport network (5) of fluid and / or electrical current, - fixing, especially by gluing, the tiled finish (10) on at least one outer face (4) of the support structure (2), - making said at least one opening (11) in the tiled finish (10) for connecting at least one piece of equipment to said transport network (5), - possibly connecting the item (s) to the transport network (5). 10. A method of laying a prefabricated technical duct (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: - prepare a partition or walls (C) of a sanitary space or kitchen, - fix the technical sheath, in particular by gluing and / or screwing to the said partition (s) (C), - finalizing the connections of the transport network (5) to those of the sanitary or kitchen space.