FR3035901A1 - MODENATURE ELEMENT FOR OUTDOOR THERMAL INSULATION SYSTEM, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME, INSULATION SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to provide a modenature element for an externally thermal insulation system ("External Thermal Insulation Composite System-ETICS") comprising at least one thermally insulating and non-combustible material, preferably in rockwool , in order to bring an aesthetic appearance to an external thermal insulation system that complies with building fire regulations. The manufacturing method of the molding element, the thermal insulation system of the facades from the outside which is provided, as well as the method of producing said system, are also part of the invention.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The technical field of the invention is that of the thermal insulation of the facades by means of the thermal insulation of the facades by means of the exterior of the facades, its manufacturing method, the insulation system and its method of realization. outside. The present invention relates to a modenature element for a thermal insulation system of the facades from the outside, comprising a thermally insulating and non-combustible material. The present invention aims to provide an aesthetic appearance to a thermal insulation system from the outside in accordance with the building fire regulations.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION External thermal insulation systems (called ETICS for "External Thermal Insulation Composite System") are conventionally insulating panels made of expanded polystyrene coated with a thin under-coating reinforced and coated with a paint coating. thick (RPE). This complex is glued or wedged / pegged on the wall and provides thermal insulation, watertightness and overall aesthetics. The goal of an ETICS system is to eliminate the heat losses at the facades and thus create an "envelope" ensuring a continuity of the insulation, an effective protection against the cracking of the coatings by accentuating the waterproofness of the materials facades and retaining properties relevant in the field of gas exchange. Due to the combustible nature of polystyrene conventionally used for the insulation of ETICS facades, the fire regulations impose a certain number of requirements to be fulfilled (Technical Instruction N ° 249 relating to façades), in particular by the application of the protective solution in stripes, to prevent the spread of fire through the facades. Strips are horizontal protective strips above each opening in the façade, made of rock mineral wool insulation. These strips of thickness identical to that of the insulating panels covering the facade are glued on its surface and mechanically fixed at mid-height of the strip. To avoid a risk of cracking of the coating, at the junction between the strip and the expanded polystyrene, it is necessary to implement in addition a fiberglass reinforcement flanking each side of the strip on the polystyrene expanded.

3035901 2 The fire regulations therefore impose specific requirements for the construction of ETICS façades, these same rules not necessarily being compatible with the aesthetic aspect of the building's architecture. Indeed, it is imposed that on a facade comprising horizontal stripes, decorative profiles should not be placed above these strips, unless they have a Euroclass at least A2- s3, dO according to the standard NF EN 13501-1. Decorative profiles are ornamental elements intended to be attached to a surface such as a facade, to form reliefs such as bands, frames, baseboards, etc. (otherwise called "modenature elements"). The term "profile" means an element of elongated shape with a constant profile. Conventionally, the molding elements are light expanded polystyrene profiles which are glued or wedged / pegged on the supports, then coated with a paint / coating. Modenature elements are not considered as structural elements, that is to say that it is their insulating support that insures itself the function of insulation and sealing. For example, the patent application FR2859131 A1 discloses a molding element comprising a core of expanded polystyrene or polyurethane, covered with a coating, and comprising a grid or a cloth trapped in the thickness of a portion of the core and / or coating, ensuring the durability of the whole. This type of molding element has the disadvantage of being made of a fuel material. There is therefore a real need to date, to have a profiled element of the type profiled that is incombustible material, so as to be substituted partially or completely for the stripes while providing an aesthetic appearance and contributing 25 the thermal insulation of the facades. TECHNICAL PROBLEM - OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION In this context, the technical problem at the source of the present invention is to satisfy at least one of the objectives stated below: provide a modenature element for an ETICS system, which has incombustibility properties, or in other words, to add a new function of incombustibility to the modenature element, without prejudice to its decorative function, - to provide a modenature element for ETICS, simple to implement, - to provide an alternative aesthetic solution to shooting strips aimed at limiting the spread of fire, - to provide an element of molding that is easily manufactured, 3035901 3 - to provide a method of manufacturing the modeling element such as referred to above that is economical, - provide a system of thermal insulation of the facades from the outside by implementation of the above-mentioned element, 5 - provide a proc die for producing a ETICS system including the above-mentioned moldings member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION All or some of the aforementioned objectives are achieved by the present invention which, according to the first of its aspects, relates to a modenature element for a system of thermal insulation of the facades from the outside, characterized in that it comprises at least one thermally insulating and non-combustible material.

It is the merit of the inventors to have combined the technical aspect of protection against the spread of fires by the use of an insulating material such as rockwool, with the aesthetic appearance of a modenature. This modenature element has the following advantages in particular: i) it makes it possible to substitute for both the stripes and the moldings, thereby simplifying the method of producing an aesthetic ETICS system; (ii) it is industrially manufacturable, for example by machining, its production being standardized, or custom-made according to market demand; (iii) it is simple to implement because it is "ready to install" and is economical; Iv) it can be integrated into any ETICS system, whether in new building or renovation; v) it is compatible with a multiplicity of surface coatings; vi) It is compatible with fire standards, and can be used for all regulated works: collective housing, schools, 30 hospitals, public buildings, etc. ; vii) it can take any form according to the wish of the esthetic aspect which one wishes to confer on the facade. The present invention also relates to the method of manufacturing the modenature element defined above, comprising the following steps: i. cutting an incombustible insulating and thermal material to obtain a core a .; 3035901 4 ii. optionally, applying at least one undercoating layer optionally followed by the application of a fiberglass mesh; iii. applying at least one coating layer to the apparent surface of the core obtained in step i or ii, preferably with a coating selected from the group consisting of-ideally constituted by: acrylic or vinyl type coating made of paste in use, a mineral cement mortar to be mixed with water, an acrylic paste compound to be mixed with cement, a product based on epoxy, polyurethane, acrylic, vinyl or siloxane-based paint or resin; Iv. drying the coating layer applied in step iii; v. optionally, producing a topcoat, preferably a layer of paint; vi. steps ii to v. being possibly carried out after the laying of the core a. on the facade.

According to a third of its aspects, the present invention relates to a thermal insulation system of the facades from the outside, characterized in that it is provided with at least one molding element as described above.

According to a fourth of its aspects, the present invention relates to a method for producing a thermal insulation system of the facades from the outside as defined above, consisting essentially of: 1.1. install insulation panels on the facade using any suitable fastening means; 25 1.2. pose elements of modénature according to the invention, preferably in replacement of all or part of the strips aiming at limiting the propagation of the fire in facade, said pose being carried out facade by means of any suitable means of fixation, in particular of through pegs 30 1.3. possibly lay strips to limit the spread of fire on the façade; 1.4. possibly apply the same or different coating on the insulating panels and / or on the molding elements and / or on any running strips.

35 Definitions Throughout this presentation, any singular denotes either a singular or a plural.

The definitions given hereinafter by way of examples may be used for the interpretation of this disclosure. By "insulating" material it is meant that the material has a thermal conductivity X of less than 0.065 W / m.K.

By material "incombustible" is meant that the material has a Euroclass Al according to standard NF EN 13501.1. By "composite" is meant any material consisting of at least two components whose respective qualities complement each other to form a material with improved overall performance.

By "strip", reference is made to the term introduced in Technical Instruction 249 on facades (Order of 24 May 2010). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The MODENATURE ELEMENT According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the modenature element comprises: a. a core of at least one thermally insulating and non-combustible material, b. a covering covering at least the apparent surface of the core when it is placed on a facade, c. possibly a topcoat.

The nucleus a. Advantageously, the thermally insulating and incombustible material has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.065 W / mK and has a Euroclass A1 according to the standard NF EN 13501-1, said material preferably being chosen from the group consisting of - ideally consisting of: foams mineral, concrete foam, mortar foam, glass foam, glass wool, rock wool, perlite, silica aerogel, wolastonite, vermiculite, plaster, Staff, their combinations and composites made from such materials; stone wool conforming to standard NF EN 13162 being particularly preferred.

Advantageously, the material also has all or part of the technical characteristics specific to insulating materials, namely: a thickness tolerance according to standard NF EN 823 equal to T5; - a compressive strength according to standard NF EN 826 less than or equal to 30; - dimensional stability under temperature and humidity conditions specified in standard NF EN 1604 equal to DS (TH); a tensile strength perpendicular to the faces according to the standard NF EN 1607, TR less than or equal to 10; 5 - a short-term water absorption by partial immersion according to standard NF EN 1609 equal to WS. The choice of material constituting the core a. is important because it must allow use of the element of modénature external facade, without its technical characteristics 10 are affected by significant meteorological constraints: exposure to the weather, high temperatures in summer, high heat variations, while filling his role of incombustible material to prevent the spread of fire. Preferably, the nucleus a. has a single density, said density, expressed in kg / m3 being included in the following intervals given in increasing order of preference: [10-1000]; [20-800]; [30 - 600]; [40 - 500]; [50-400]; [60-300]; [80 - 200]. By material having a single density is meant a material consisting of a single and a single layer of density equal throughout the volume of the material, as opposed to bi-density materials having two layers of materials of different densities. A rock wool of relatively high density is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, because a low density can cause difficulties for the manipulator at the time of cutting and the application of the coating layer. . Remarkably, the core is obtained by machining a block of thermally insulating and incombustible material. The molding element according to the invention can have various shapes depending on the aesthetic effect sought, while meeting the requirements imposed by the fire regulations. In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the core is a profile. In this case, the modenature element may be intended for a window sill, or a frame of doors and windows. Advantageously, the element of modeling is aesthetic and ornamental.

The coating b. and the topcoat c. According to the invention, the core is provided with a coating b. at least on the side intended to stay in sight once the element is placed on the facade. This coating may be made in one or more layers, identical or different, the number and / or the thickness and / or the type of layers may also vary depending on the location. For example, it may be advantageous to first coat the core of one or more layers with a first coating intended to give the core good properties of resistance to cracking and flexibility, then one or more layer (s) of a second so-called "smoothing" coating 10 or paint, serving as a topcoat c. to give an aesthetic and homogeneous appearance with the whole of the facade. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coating b. is reinforced by an armature, which is preferably a fiberglass mesh, polypropylene fibers, polyamide fibers, or carbon fibers, and more generally, any armature having been the subject of a CSTBat certificate issued by Center Scientific and Technical Building. This frame can be stuck in a glue coating. The use of a reinforcement under the coating ensures the stability in the time of the finish because it makes it possible to compensate the dimensional variations of the support, due to the climatic conditions.

The coating (s) used may be chosen from the coatings commonly used in exterior thermal insulation systems of façades. In particular, the coating is selected from the group consisting of-ideally constituted by: a ready-to-use paste type acrylic coating, a ready-to-use paste vinyl type coating, a mineral adhesive mortar to be mixed with water, an acrylic paste coating to be mixed with cement. The coatings must be easy to work, easy to smooth and / or have good resistance to cracking. Depending on the desired properties, they may further comprise fibers such as cellulosic fibers, polyamide fibers, polypropylene fibers, glass fibers, basalt fibers, mineral fillers such as calcium carbonate fillers, siliceous fillers, silico-aluminate fillers, alumina oxides, diatomaceous earth fillers, talcs, or micas, products derived from siloxane resins, silicates, organic binders such as acrylic polymers, vinyl polymers epoxy resins, or polyurethane resins, specific adjuvants such as cellulosic, acrylic, polyurethane thickeners, or modified clay base, rheological additives, wetting agents, biocidal agents, antifoam agents, pH-regulating agents, dispersants, pigments such as titanium dioxide, iron oxides, fire retardants such as alumina trihydrate, etc.

According to another preferred embodiment, the coating b. is a product based on paint or resin based on epoxy, polyurethane, acrylic, vinyl or siloxane.

5 The topcoat c. can be a paint based on acrylic binder, vinyl, siloxane, or mineral (based on lime or silicate), thin or structured. Its variation in various aspects in many shades allows a wide choice to ensure better compatibility with the existing coating on the facade. Thus, the modenature element will be totally included in the overall aesthetic of the facade, while providing its role as a fire protection barrier. The process for manufacturing the modenature element according to the invention involves a step of cutting a material such as rock wool of high density in the form of a modenature, and in particular of a profile. Cutting mineral wool is a technology that has not been used in the building industry until now. Custom cutting can be achieved by various specific techniques, such as sawing, stamping, turning, milling, water jet, laser cutting. The variety of techniques available allows a multiplicity of shapes shapes achievable by the manufacturing process, which is also a significant advantage of the invention. It is also remarkable that the molding element can be coated with the coating b. before its transport and its installation on facade, in order to present itself to the user in the form of a modenature element ready to pose. It thus makes it possible to avoid a step of cutting and coating on site or in the workshop, which requires specific tools and a binding manipulation in several stages for the installer. The coating application step can be performed by any method to obtain the desired thickness for each layer, including manual application or projection. The coating layer and the possible reinforcement can also protect the modeling ready to pose any damage that may occur during transport and installation.

THE FRESH THERMAL ISOLATION SYS OF THE FAÇADES BY THE EXTERIOR According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elements of the thermal insulation system of the facades from the outside are wholly or partly substituted for 3035901 9 shooting strips to limit the spread of fire in the facade, according to the aesthetic contribution that one wishes to confer on the building. EMBODIMENT 5 The insulating panels placed on the facade are those conventionally used in ETICS systems, in particular panels of expanded polystyrene or expanded polyurethane, or mineral wool. These panels are glued or mechanically fixed by suitable dowels ("wedge-pegged" fastening system). Bonding products are preferably based on cement mineral cement mortar or paste paste mortar. It is important that the cutting of the modeling element is as precise as possible to ensure a perfectly contiguous installation between the panels and the molding element, in order to perfectly fulfill the thermal insulation conditions. The fixing of the moldings on the facade can be achieved by the means commonly used to fix conventional insulating panels in ETICS systems, in particular by through pins. Other details and advantageous features will emerge below from the description of non-limiting embodiments of the invention with reference to the appended figures in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the facades of a building comprising a system external thermal insulation according to the invention. FIG. 2 schematically represents a section in right cross-section of a modeling element according to the invention. Figure 1 shows schematically and partially, a building of which at least two of the facades have been treated in thermal insulation from the outside. The facades of the building are made of brick walls and covered with insulating panels (1) of expanded polystyrene, wedged and pegged to the wall. Below the opening (2) existing on the main facade, a strip strip (3) in rockwool, horizontal and continuous, is fixed by bonding in full and by pinning instead of expanded polystyrene. Above the opening (2) of the facade, where a strip should be in accordance with the standards in force, that is to say at a height of between 200 mm and 35 500 mm. the opening, is a molding element (4) according to the invention, consisting of a profile whose core is mono-density mineral wool (thermal conductivity 0.038 W / mK, nominal density 155 kg / m3), overflowing with 300 mm on both sides of the opening. The molding element is mechanically bonded and fixed to the wall by through pins. This element, because of its incombustible nature (Euroclass Al), also acts as a barrier to prevent the spread of fire by the facade, in the event that a fire occurs inside the building and is likely to spread from the outside.

FIG. 2 shows in detail the modenature element shown in FIG. 1. A mineral wool core (5) (thermal conductivity 0.038 W / mK, nominal density 155 kg / m 3) is represented, covered with a layer (6) Acrylic paste paste ready to use based on acrylic copolymers and mineral fillers (Product 10 Armenduit FX marketed by Zolpan), then a layer (7) of paint.

Claims (13)

REVENDICATIONS1. Modenature element for a thermal insulation system of the exterior facades ("External Thermal Insulation Composite System- ETICS") characterized in that it comprises at least one thermally insulating material and incombustible. 2. Element of molding according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises: a. a core of at least one thermally insulating and non-combustible material, b. a covering covering at least the apparent surface of the core when it is placed on a facade, c. possibly a topcoat. 3. Element of molding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thermally insulating and incombustible material has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.065 W / mK and has a Euroclass Al according to standard NF EN 13501-1, said material being of Preferably selected from the group consisting of-ideally consisting of: mineral foams, concrete foam, mortar foam, glass foam, glass wool, rockwool, perlite, silica airgel, wolastonite, vermiculite, plaster, Staff, their combinations and composites made from said materials; stone wool conforming to standard NF EN 13162 being particularly preferred. 4. Element of modenature according to claim 2 characterized in that the core has a single density, said density, expressed in kg / m3 being included in the following intervals given in increasing order preferably: [10 - 1000]; [20-800]; [30 - 600]; [40- 500]; [50-400]; [60-300]; [80 - 200]. 5. Element of modenature according to claim 2 characterized in that the core is obtained by machining a block of thermally insulating material and incombustible. 6. A molding element according to claim 2 characterized in that the core is a profile. 7. Element of molding according to claim 2, characterized in that the coating b) is reinforced by a frame, preferably a fiberglass mesh. 3035901 12 8. Element according to claim 2, characterized in that the coating is selected from the group consisting of- ideally constituted by- a paste type acrylic coating ready to use, a coating of vinyl type paste ready to the use, a mineral cement mortar to mix with water, an acrylic paste paste to mix with cement. 9. Element according to claim 2, characterized in that the coating is a product based on paint or resin based on epoxy, polyurethane or acrylic. 10. A method of manufacturing the molding member according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: i. cutting a non-combustible insulating and thermal material to obtain the core a. ; ii. optionally, application of at least one undercoat layer optionally followed by the application of a reinforcement, preferably a fiberglass mesh; iii. applying at least one coating layer on the apparent surface of the core obtained in step i or ii, preferably with a coating selected from the group consisting of-ideally constituted by: acrylic paste type coating ready to use, a ready-to-use paste type vinyl coating, a mineral cement mortar to mix with water, an acrylic paste paste to be mixed with cement, a product based on paint or epoxy resin polyurethane, acrylic, vinyl or siloxane; iv. drying the coating layer applied in step iii; there. optionally, producing a topcoat, preferably a layer of paint; vi. Steps ii to y. being possibly carried out after the laying of the core a. on the facade. 11. Thermal insulation system of the facades from the outside characterized in that it is provided with at least one molding element according to at least one of claims 1 to 9 or obtained by the process according to claim 10. 12. System according to claim 11 characterized in that the outer thermal insulation system elements of the facades it comprises all or part of the shrinking strips to limit the spread of fire in the facade. 3035901 13 13. A method of producing a thermal insulation system of the facades from the outside according to claim 11 or 12 characterized in that it consists essentially of: 1.1. install insulation panels on the facade using any suitable fastening means; 1.2. to pose elements of modénature according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, preferably in replacement of all or part of the stripes designed to limit the spread of fire in front, said pose being carried out facade using any means suitable fasteners, in particular through pegs; 1.3. possibly lay strips to limit the spread of fire on the façade; 1.4. possibly apply the same or different coating on the insulating panels and / or on the molding elements and / or on any running strips.