FR3031386A1 - HEATING / AIR CONDITIONING INSTALLATION OF AN ENCLOSURE WITH A ROTARY AUXILIARY CHAMBER SUPPORTING A SENSOR FOR ANALYZING EXTERNAL AIR AND RECIRCULATED AIR - Google Patents

Abstract

A heating / air conditioning (IC) system supplies treated air to an enclosure (H) and comprises a supply flap (VA1) controlling its external air supply and / or recirculated air coming from the enclosure (H), and an auxiliary flap (VA2) having a shape complementary to that of the supply flap (VA1) to control with the latter (VA1) the supply of outside air and / or recirculated air, comprising a face (FC) provided with a sensor (CA) capable of performing measurements representative of the concentration of at least one chemical species, and rotatably mounted to allow a selected sensor placement (CA) in at least a first position in which it performs measurements in outside air or in a second position in which it makes measurements in the recirculated air.

Description

The invention relates to heating / air-conditioning installations which are intended to supply treated air to a treated air. The invention relates to heating / air-conditioning installations which are intended to supply treated air with an air intake. enclosure and which include a supply flap for supplying outside air and / or recirculated air (or recycled) from this enclosure. Furthermore, this invention relates to any system comprising at least one enclosure to be supplied with air treated by a heating / air conditioning system. Therefore, it concerns at least vehicles, possibly of automobile type, and buildings. As known to those skilled in the art, certain heating / air conditioning systems, and in particular those which equip vehicles, possibly motor vehicles, include a device for controlling the quality of the air supplying an enclosure (for example a cockpit). This device generally comprises a single sensor responsible for making measurements representative of the concentration of at least one chemical species (generally a pollutant in gaseous or solid form (particles)) in the outside air. When the single sensor detects that the concentration of a chemical species is greater than a threshold, it warns the means of control of the device which prohibit the supply of the passenger compartment with outside air (and therefore only recirculated air (that is to say from the cabin) feeds the latter), except for very short periods of time to regenerate the oxygen inside air. The only sensor being installed in an area where it can only analyze the outside air, it is not possible to know the level of pollution in the enclosure. It is certainly possible to install the sensor in an area located downstream of the fuel shutter rather than upstream, so that it is possible to analyze the outside air or recirculated air according to whether the fuel shutter allows supplying the installation with outside air or recirculated air. But this does not allow to know neither the level of pollution of the outside air when the installation is supplied with recirculated air, nor the level of pollution of the recirculated air when the installation is supplied with outside air, which is nevertheless useful if one wants to control more precisely the air supply of the enclosure according to the levels of pollution of the outside air and recirculated air. It is also possible to use a first sensor to carry out measurements representative of the concentration of at least one chemical species in the outside air, and a second sensor to perform measurements representative of the concentration of less a chemical species in the recirculated air. But it is expensive and increases the complexity of the control algorithms of the installation. The invention therefore aims to improve the situation.

It proposes for this purpose a clean heating / air conditioning system to supply treated air to an enclosure and comprising a clean supply flap to control its external air supply and / or recirculated air from the enclosure. This heating / air conditioning system is characterized by the fact that it also comprises an auxiliary flap: - having a shape complementary to that of the supply flap to control with the latter the supply of outside air and / or recirculated air comprising a face provided with a sensor capable of making measurements representative of the concentration of at least one chemical species, and rotatably mounted in order to allow a chosen placement of this sensor in at least a first position in which it makes measurements in the outside air or in a second position in which it makes measurements in the recirculated air.

Thus, it may now be possible to know the level of pollution of the outside air when the installation is supplied with recirculated air or outside air, and the level of pollution of the recirculated air when the installation is supplied with air. outside or in recirculated air. The heating / air conditioning system according to the invention may comprise other features that can be taken separately or in combination, and in particular: in a first embodiment, its auxiliary flap can be rotatably mounted on an internal face of a wall and may comprise at least a first portion comprising the face provided with the sensor; its auxiliary flap may comprise a second part secured substantially perpendicular to the first part, and arranged to replace the latter to partially control the supply of outside air or recirculated air when it has been rotated relative to the flap of food ; its supply flap may include an opening having a shape substantially identical to the shape of the first part of the auxiliary flap so as to allow a drive in rotation of the latter independently of the rotational drive of the supply flap; - Its supply flap may comprise a peripheral edge defining the opening and provided with a flexible seal; in a second embodiment, its supply flap can be fixedly secured to a first axis of rotation traversed perpendicularly by a second axis of rotation adapted to be rotated independently of the first axis of rotation, and may comprise an opening at near the first axis of rotation. In this case, the auxiliary flap may have a shape substantially identical to the shape of the opening and may be fixedly secured to the second axis of rotation at this opening in order to be rotated independently of the rotational drive of the opening. power shutter; its supply flap may comprise a peripheral edge delimiting the opening and provided with a flexible seal; it may also comprise a filter dedicated to the filtration of fine particles and / or chemical species in gaseous form and / or dehumidification. The invention also proposes a vehicle, possibly of automobile type, and comprising at least one enclosure and a heating / air-conditioning installation of the type presented above. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon examination of the detailed description below, and the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 schematically and functionally illustrates an example of a heating / air-conditioning installation according to FIG. invention, comprising a supply flap placed in a recirculated air supply position and an auxiliary flap placed in an outside air analysis position, FIG. 2 schematically illustrates, in a view from above, the flap supply and auxiliary flap of the heating / air-conditioning system of FIG. 1 placed respectively in their recirculated air supply position and outside air analysis position, FIG. 3 schematically illustrates, in a sectional view along the axis III-III of Figure 2, the supply flap and auxiliary flap of Figure 2, Figure 4 schematically and functionally illustrates the heating / cli installation. matization of Figure 1 with its supply flap placed in a recirculated air supply position and its auxiliary flap placed in a recirculated air analysis position, Figure 5 schematically and functionally illustrates the heating system 1) with its supply flap placed in an outside air supply position and its auxiliary flap placed in an outside air analysis position, FIG. 6 diagrammatically and functionally illustrates the installation of 1 with its supply flap placed in an outside air supply position and its auxiliary flap placed in a rest position that does not allow air analysis, FIG. 7 schematically illustrates, in FIG. a view from above, variations of supply flap and auxiliary flap respectively placed in their recirculated air supply position and analysis position of 8 shows schematically, in a view from above, the variants of the supply flap and auxiliary flap of FIG. 7 placed respectively in their recirculated air supply position and the analysis position of the recirculated air, and Figure 9 schematically illustrates an example of air supply mode control algorithm that can be implemented in a heating / air conditioning system according to the invention. The object of the invention is to propose a heating / air-conditioning system IC intended to equip a system S comprising at least one enclosure H. In the following, it is considered, by way of nonlimiting example, that the installation IC heating / air conditioning is part of a system S arranged in the form of a motor vehicle, such as a car. The vehicle S enclosure is therefore its cabin H. But the invention is not limited to this type of system. It concerns any type of land vehicle, maritime (or fluvial), or air, and any type of building, since it comprises at least one enclosure to be supplied with air treated by 20 a heating / air conditioning system . FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6 show schematically and functionally an exemplary embodiment of an IC heating / air-conditioning installation according to the invention, here installed in a CO engine compartment of a vehicle (or system) S. As illustrated, this installation (heating / air conditioning) IC comprises at least one blower (or motor-fan unit (or GMV)) PU, a cold loop (or air conditioning loop) BF, a hot loop (or heating loop) BC, a VA1 power shutter, a VA2 auxiliary flap, a VM mixing flap and Vj distribution flaps. It should be noted that the invention relates mainly to the supply flap VA1 and the auxiliary flap VA2. The PU blower is supplied with outside air and / or recirculated air (or recycled) by the supply flap (or air inlet) VA1 and / or by the auxiliary flap VA2. The outside air comes from a first conduit C1 (arrow F2), and the recirculated air is from the passenger compartment H via a second conduit C2 (arrow F1). The air flow rate supplied by the PU blower depends on the power level which has been automatically calculated by a computer CS which manages the installation IC, or else chosen (and possibly programmed) by a passenger of the vehicle S by means of a control member which is installed in the passenger compartment H, generally in the dashboard. The respective positions of the VA1 supply flap and auxiliary flap VA2, and therefore the proportions of outside air and recirculated air that 1 o feed the IC installation (and here its PU blower), are controlled by the computer CS. Although this does not appear in the figures, the installation IC may advantageously comprise a filter dedicated to the filtering of fine particles and / or of chemical species in the gaseous form (for example CO, 15 03 , SO2, NO2, 02 or CO2) and / or dehumidification. This filter can, for example, be installed downstream of the blower and upstream of the cold loop. But other places of implantation are possible. The cold loop BF is supplied with air by the PU blower. It comprises in particular an evaporator EV (traversed by the air which is derived from the PU blower), as well as a compressor, a condenser and a circuit in which a refrigerant circulates and which is coupled to the evaporator EV, to the compressor and the condenser. The output of the evaporator EV is coupled to a conduit which supplies here, on the one hand, a mixing chamber CM having a first input 25 whose access is controlled by the mixing flap VM, and on the other hand , the hot loop BC whose access is controlled by the VM mixing flap and the output feeds a second input of the mixing chamber CM. The hot loop BC is intended to heat the air which is derived (here) from the evaporator EV and which is intended for the passenger compartment H of the vehicle S, possibly after mixing with the less hot air present in the vehicle. mixing chamber CM. It comprises heating means MC comprising, for example, a heater, such as for example a heat exchanger (in which circulates a liquid which is optionally heated by electrical heating resistors (for example high voltage CTP type), or by a thermal combustion heater), and / or an electric heater, for example consisting of electric heating resistors (for example high voltage CTP type).

These heating means MC are charged, when they operate, to heat the air passing through them and which is (here) coming from the evaporator EV, in order to deliver heated air to their outlet which supplies the second input of the mixing chamber CM. The mixing chamber CM is connected to ducts which are, here, 1 o intended to supply distribution openings placed in the passenger compartment H of the vehicle S and dedicated to the defrosting Si, at the central ventilation S2, to the front legs S3 and S4 rear legs. Access to these conduits is controlled by the distribution flaps Vj (here two in number (j = 1 or 2), but there could be more, for example three or four). Note that the distribution flap V2 here controls access to a duct that feeds the front foot valves S3 and rear feet S4. But we could provide two distribution flaps to control access respectively to the front foot vents S3 and S4 rear foot vents. It will also be noted that these different distribution flaps Vj are generally coupled together by a kinematics which is for example moved by one or two micromotors. The respective positions of the distribution flaps Vj depend on the distribution outlets at which a passenger of the vehicle S wishes that the treated air from the IC installation is delivered. These dispensing outlets may be chosen by the passenger by means of at least one control member installed in the cockpit H, generally in the dashboard. The mixing flap VM is intended to control the distribution of air, which is provided by the supply flap VA1 (and which has here passed through the evaporator EV), between the mixing chamber CM and the heating means MC . It thus makes it possible to mix (or mix) in a controlled manner a part of the air which has passed through the cold loop BF (possibly in operation) and the air which has passed through the hot loop BC. Its position depends on the operating mode of the IC installation.

The operating mode of the installation IC is chosen by a user of the vehicle S or by the computer CS, possibly as a function of choice made by a user of the vehicle S. In all cases, the implementation of the mode selected operating mode is controlled by the computer CS and involves an operation of at least one of the elements that are the PU blower, the cold loop BF, the hot loop BC, the supply flap VA1, the auxiliary flap VA2, the VM mixing flap and Vj dispensing flaps. The supply flap VA1 is fixedly secured to a first axis Al (see FIGS. 2 and 3) which is rotatably mounted relative to an inner face of a wall of the installation IC, here at the junction of the first Cl and second C2 conduits, by way of non-limiting example. This first axis A1 is for example driven by a first micromotor controlled by the computer CS. The auxiliary flap VA2 has a shape which is complementary to that of the supply flap VA1 in order to control with the latter (VA1) the supply of outside air and / or recirculated air of the installation IC upstream of its cold loop LF. It comprises an FC face equipped with a CA sensor capable of carrying out measurements representative of the concentration of at least one chemical species (in gaseous or solid form (particles)) in the air which sweeps it. For example, this AC sensor may comprise at least one resistive element in MOX ("Metal Oxide Semiconductor") technology and having a resistance that varies as a function of the concentration of a single odorless gas, such as, for example, nitrogen dioxide. (or NO2) or carbon monoxide (or CO), or odorous, such as a carbon gas type CxHy. Alternatively, or in addition, this AC sensor can be arranged to determine the concentration of particles having diameters greater than a threshold or within a predefined range. In general, the AC sensor may, for example, be suitable for measuring the concentration of at least one chemical species selected from at least CO, O 3, SO 2, NO 2, O 2, CO 2, PM 10 and PM 2.5. The auxiliary flap VA2 is also rotatably mounted in order to allow a chosen placement of the AC sensor in at least a first position in which it makes measurements in the outside air (see FIGS. 1, 5 and 7) or in a second position. in which it makes measurements in recirculated air (see Figures 4 and 8). The auxiliary flap VA2 is secured for example to a second axis A2 (see Figures 2 and 3) which is rotatably mounted relative to an inner face of a wall of the IC installation. This second axis A2 is for example driven by a second micromotor controlled by the computer CS. This auxiliary flap VA2 can be realized in different ways, which, for two of them, are described below. In a first embodiment, illustrated non-limitingly in FIGS. 1 to 6, the auxiliary flap VA2 is rotatably mounted on an inner face of a wall and comprises at least a first portion P1 which comprises the face FC which is provided with of the AC sensor. Here, the second axis A2, which is fixedly secured to the auxiliary flap VA2, is rotatably mounted at the end of the first duct C1, by way of non-limiting example. Note that in an alternative embodiment not shown the second axis A2 could be rotatably mounted at the end of the second conduit C2. It will be understood that in this first embodiment illustrated in non-limiting manner in FIGS. 1 to 6, the cooperation of the supply flaps 20 VA1 and auxiliary flap VA2 makes it possible to completely obstruct the first duct C1 in order to supply the installation IC recirculated air (arrow Fi - Figures 1 and 4), and the only supply valve VA1 can completely obstruct the second conduit C2 to supply the IC facility outside air (arrow F2 - Figures 5 and 6). But in the embodiment variant 25 mentioned in the previous paragraph, the cooperation of the VA1 supply flap and VA2 auxiliary flap can completely obstruct the second conduit C2 in order to supply the IC installation outside air, and the only VA1 power shutter can completely obstruct the first conduit C1 to supply the IC installation in recirculated air. It will be noted that in the first embodiment illustrated in non-limiting manner in FIGS. 1 to 6, the auxiliary flap VA2 also comprises a second portion P2 which is secured substantially perpendicular to its first portion Pi. This second portion P2 is arranged to replace the first part P1 to partially control the external air supply (or recirculated air in the aforementioned variant) when the first part P1 has been rotated relative to the supply flap VAl, as shown in Figure 4.

In the example of Figure 1, the supply flap VA1 is placed in a recirculated air supply position and the auxiliary flap VA2 is placed in a position of analysis of the outside air. It is therefore here the first part P1 of the auxiliary flap VA2 which cooperates with the supply flap VA1 to prohibit the entry of outside air. 1 o In the example of Figure 4, the VA1 supply flap is placed in a recirculated air supply position and the auxiliary flap VA2 is placed in a recirculated air analysis position. It is therefore here the second part P2 of the auxiliary flap VA2 which cooperates with the supply flap VA1 to prevent the entry of outside air, after the auxiliary flap VA2 has been rotated about 900 in the direction schedule. In the example of FIG. 5, the supply flap VA1 is placed in an outside air supply position and the auxiliary flap VA2 is placed in a position of analysis of the outside air. The first part P1 of the auxiliary flap VA2 thus partially obstructs the first duct C1. In the example of FIG. 6, the supply flap VA1 is placed in an outside air supply position and the auxiliary flap VA2 is placed. in a rest position that does not allow air analysis. In this case, no part of the auxiliary flap VA2 obstructs the first duct C1, following a rotation of about 90 ° in the anthorar direction. It will also be noted that in the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the supply flap VA1 may comprise an opening 01 which has a shape substantially identical to the shape of the first portion P1 of the auxiliary flap VA2. , and substantially equal dimensions, by higher value. This allows a rotational drive of the first portion P1 independently of the rotational drive of the feed shutter VA1. In this case, and as illustrated in Figure 3, the supply flap VA1 preferably comprises a peripheral edge which defines the opening 01 and which is provided with a flexible gasket JE. This provides a perfect seal when a portion P1 or P2 of the auxiliary flap VA2 cooperates with the supply flap VA1 to prohibit (here) the outside air inlet. For example, the flexible gasket JE may be overmolded on the aforementioned peripheral edge. This first embodiment thus makes it possible to know the level of pollution of the outside air when the installation IC is supplied with recirculated air or possibly with outside air, and the level of pollution of the recirculated air when the installation is powered. in outdoor air. In the variant mentioned above, the first embodiment would make it possible to know the level of pollution of the recirculated air when the installation IC is supplied with recirculated air or possibly with outside air, and the level of pollution of the outside air when the IC installation is supplied with outside air. In a second embodiment, illustrated non-limitatively in FIGS. 7 and 8, the supply flap VA1 is fixedly secured to a first axis of rotation Ai, which is traversed perpendicularly by a second axis of rotation A2 capable of being driven. in rotation independently of the first axis of rotation Ai. The first A1 and second A2 axes are for example driven by first and second micromotors controlled by the computer CS. In addition, the supply flap VA1 comprises an opening O2 in the vicinity of the first axis of rotation Ai. In addition, the auxiliary flap VA2 has a shape substantially identical to the shape of the opening O2, and substantially equal dimensions, by lower value, and is fixedly secured to the second axis of rotation A2 at the opening O2. it can be rotated independently of the rotational drive of the supply shutter VAl. This second embodiment is a little more complex to implement than the first, but it makes it possible to analyze the outside air or the recirculated air that the supply flap VA1 is in its air supply position. recirculated or in its external air supply position, by a simple 180 ° rotation of the auxiliary flap VA2 compared to the supply flap VA1. It thus makes it possible to know both the level of outdoor air pollution when the IC installation is supplied with recirculated air or outside air, and the level of pollution of the recirculated air when the installation IC is supplied with air. outside or in recirculated air. As in the first embodiment, the supply valve VA1 can here advantageously comprise a peripheral edge which defines its opening 02 and which is provided with a flexible seal. This makes it possible to obtain a perfect seal when the auxiliary flap VA2 cooperates with the supply flap VA1 to prevent the entry of outside air or recirculated air. For example, the flexible seal may be overmolded on the aforementioned peripheral edge. Thanks to the invention, it is possible to implement in the installation IC an air supply mode control algorithm of the type illustrated in FIG. 9. This algorithm can be implemented by the CS calculator. The illustrated algorithm comprises a step 10 in which the supply flaps VA1 and auxiliary flap VA2 are placed in positions suitable for allowing an exclusive supply of recirculated air and an analysis of the recirculated air (see FIG. 4). The algorithm continues with a step 20 in which at least one measurement of the chemical species concentration (s) contained in the recirculated air with the CA sensor is performed. If the concentration of a chemical species is greater than a predefined threshold ("incorrect result"), it is possible to perform a step 30 in which a pollution control device installed in the passenger compartment H, for example in the central armrest, is operated. located between the seats of the passengers before 25 of the vehicle S. Then we return to perform step 20. In contrast, if each chemical species concentration is below its predefined threshold ("correct result"), a step 40 is carried out in which the supply flap VA1 and auxiliary flap VA2 are placed in positions suitable for allowing an outside air supply, or possibly for outside air and recirculated air if the conditions in progress allow, and an air analysis. outside (see Figure 5). In addition, if the depollution device was in operation, it stops working.

The algorithm continues with a step 50 in which at least one measurement of the chemical species contained in the outside air is carried out with the CA sensor. If each chemical species concentration is below its predefined threshold ("correct result"), step 50 is returned. On the other hand, if the concentration of a chemical species is higher than its predefined threshold ("incorrect result") ), we go back to perform step 10. Thanks to the invention, we can now analyze in real time outside air 1 o and air recirculated as needed, with a single sensor. This can not only make it possible to estimate in real time the efficiency of the filter of fine particles and / or chemical species (s) and / or dehumidification to inform the user, but also to control a possible device depollution. 15

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Heating / air-conditioning installation (IC) capable of supplying treated air to an enclosure (H) and comprising a supply flap (VA1) able to control its supply of outside air and / or recirculated air coming from said enclosure (H) ), characterized in that it further comprises an auxiliary flap (VA2) having a shape complementary to that of said supply flap (VA1) to control with the latter (VA1) said supply of outside air and / or recirculated air , comprising a face (FC) provided with a sensor (CA) capable of performing measurements representative of the concentration of at least one chemical species, and rotatably mounted to allow a selected placement of said sensor (CA) in at least one a first position in which it makes measurements in said outdoor air or in a second position in which it makes measurements in said recirculated air. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that said auxiliary flap (VA2) is rotatably mounted on an inner face of a wall and comprises at least a first portion (P1) comprising said face (FC) provided with said sensor ( IT). 3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that said auxiliary flap (VA2) comprises a second portion (P2) secured substantially perpendicular to said first portion (P1), and arranged to replace the latter (P1) to partially control said power supply. outside air and / or recirculated air when it (P1) has been rotated relative to said supply flap (VA1). 4. Installation according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that said supply flap (VA1) comprises an opening (01) having a shape substantially identical to the shape of the first portion (P1) of said auxiliary flap ( VA2) so as to allow a rotation drive of the latter (P1) independently of the rotational drive of said feed shutter (VA1). 5. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that saidvolet supply (VA1) comprises a peripheral edge defining said opening (01) and provided with a flexible seal. 6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that said supply flap (VA1) is fixedly secured to a first axis of rotation traversed perpendicularly by a second axis of rotation adapted to be rotated independently of said first axis of rotation, and comprises an opening (02) in the vicinity of said first axis of rotation, and in that said auxiliary flap (VA2) has a shape substantially identical to the shape of said opening (02) and is fixedly secured to said second axis of rotation at level of said opening (02) in order to be rotated independently of the rotational drive of said feed shutter (VA1). 7. Installation according to claim 6, characterized in that said supply flap (VA1) comprises a peripheral edge delimiting said opening (02) and provided with a flexible seal. 8. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a filter dedicated to filtering fine particles and / or species (s) chemical (s) in gaseous form and / or dehumidification . 9. Vehicle (S) comprising at least one enclosure (H), characterized in that it further comprises a heating / air conditioning (IC) installation according to one of the preceding claims. 10. Vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that it is automotive type.