FR3021662A1 - CURABLE COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE BITUMEN, AT LEAST ONE VEGETABLE OR ANIMAL OIL AND AT LEAST ONE SICCATIVE, PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND USES THEREOF - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a bituminous composition comprising a binder fluxed with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent, improved because of its increased rate of drying in ambient air. For this purpose, the composition is characterized in that: the concentration of bitumen is at least in weight% by adding to the total mass of the composition and in increasing order preferably: 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; And in that it comprises a drying accelerator comprising at least one nucleophile. The subject of the invention is also its method of preparation, its use as a binder in a road surface coating (ESU), the method and a manufacturing kit for this ESU, as well as the use of at least one nucleophile as accelerator for siccativation in a bituminous composition.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the field of siccativation-curable compositions and comprising at least one composition which can be cured by drying and at least one vegetable or animal oil and at least one drying agent, in particular fluxed bituminous binder compositions, optionally modified with at least one polymer, and used in particular for the production of road surfaces such as Superficial wear coatings (ESU). The invention also relates to the manufacture of these products. In particular, the invention relates to the implementation of accelerating means of siccativation in the aforementioned compositions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The compositions concerned by the invention are bituminous compositions that can be curable by drying and comprise a binder at least partly constituted by at least one vegetable or animal oil and at least one drying agent. The bituminous binders are either anhydrous bituminous binders or bituminous emulsions. The anhydrous bituminous binders are prepared by hot mixing, for example at least 125 ° C., bitumen, fluxing oil of petroleum or vegetable origin. The bituminous emulsions are obtained by dispersing, at cold e.g. 50 ° C, anhydrous bituminous binders in an aqueous phase, in the presence of emulsifiers. It is possible to improve the properties of bitumens of anhydrous bituminous binders or bituminous emulsions by mixing them with one or more polymers (polyolefins, styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, etc.), and optionally crosslinking them. chemically or not in situ, typically by means of sulfur or its derivatives. The modification of bitumens by polymers is intended to improve, in particular, the heat resistance, the cohesion, the elongation capacity, the viscoelastic characteristics and the passive adhesiveness (better resistance to stripping on the pavement) of hardened bituminous coatings. Almost all applications of bituminous binders are in road construction and public works-building (sidewalks, car parks, terraces, port facilities, airports, etc.). At the margin there are sealants based on bituminous binders. "Road" bituminous binders exert their binding function, within - "hot mixes" obtained by hot mixing anhydrous bituminous binders with aggregates, these mixtures then being spread over the roadway to form road surfaces 3021662 2 - "superficial coatings with fluxed binders or superficial wear coatings -ESU-" obtained by hot spreading on the pavement first of a fluxed bitumen (possibly modified) and then of aggregates; - "cold mixes" obtained by cold mixing of bituminous emulsions with granules, these mixtures then being spread over the roadway to form road surfaces; - or "superficial coatings with bituminous emulsions" obtained by cold spreading on the pavement first bituminous emulsions and then aggregates. Heating and / or fluxing (or thinning) with bitumen solvents (fluxes) are commonly used means to achieve the desirable consistency for the application. The heating and use of petroleum fluxes loaded with Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) have negative environmental impacts. An improvement has been made to the flux-flow thinning through the EP900822B I which provides fluxes for bituminous binders consisting of one or more C16-C18 fatty acid methyl monoesters, in particular sunflower oil, of linseed oil, and / or isomeric sunflower oil. The invention relates to bituminous compositions whose bituminous binders are [dislodged by means of at least one vegetable or animal oil, for example by means of fluxes of the type of those described in EP900822B1. Unlike fluxes of petroleum origin, fluxes of vegetable origin lengthen the curing time of the bituminous compositions. To overcome this, it is known, as indicated in particular in EP900822B1, to promote the hardening of these bituminous compositions through siccativation. Drying is the oxidation, at ambient air, of the unsaturations of the fatty acids of the oils contained in the binders of these compositions. Hydroperoxides are formed during drying and covalent bonds are established between the fatty acid chains (crosslinking). Oxidation hardening (drying) is very slow. It can, however, be accelerated in the presence of driers (catalysts) which are soluble metal compounds (example: carboxylic acid salts of manganese or cobalt). However, these driers do not make it possible to achieve cure speeds compatible with the requirements of industrial manufacture, on a large scale, of road surfaces and in particular surface wear coatings - ESU-.

There is therefore a need to increase the rate of siccativation of the vegetable or animal oil (or vegetable or animal oils) contained in the bituminous compositions, fluxed, and in particular intended for the manufacture of road surfaces and in particular superficial wear coatings -ESU-. The bituminous compositions in question are preferably those containing at least 50% by weight of bitumen, for example those free of aggregates.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The invention aims to improve the bituminous compositions of the prior art comprising a binder Luxé with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent and in particular to satisfy at least one of the following objectives: 5 - providing novel bituminous compositions comprising a binder fluxed with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent having an increased drying rate in the ambient air, allowing, for example, a reduction in penetrability to the NF needle; EN 1426 after a residence for a given time and at a given temperature, at least in% and in increasing order of preference; 20; 25; 30 ; 35; 45; 50; providing new bituminous compositions comprising a binder fluxed with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent, the recovery of which in consistency after coating on a support, for example a road surface, is not too long; Providing new bituminous compositions comprising a Luxé binder with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent, having an increased rate of drying in ambient air, and with a high bitumen concentration, for example at least 50% by weight of the bitumen; to provide novel bituminous compositions comprising a binder fluxed with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent having an increased rate of drying in the ambient air and enabling the industrial manufacture of road surfaces and in particular surface wear coatings ESU; providing novel bituminous compositions comprising a binder fluxed with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent, having an increased rate of drying at ambient air and stable storage; provide new bituminous compositions comprising a binder fluxed with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent, having an increased rate of drying up in ambient air and having an impact on the environment at least as neutral as that fluxing agent based on vegetable or animal oil; providing new bituminous compositions comprising a binder fluxed with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent having an increased drying rate in the ambient air and which allows the modification of the bitumen of the composition by one or more polymers and the possible addition of crosslinker (s); Providing new bituminous compositions comprising a binder fluxed with at least one vegetable or animal oil and a drying agent, having an increased rate of drying in the ambient air and making it possible to obtain bituminous compositions having good consistency characteristics; in the pasty state (penetrability, Ball and Ring temperature and low susceptibility), and good mechanical properties in the solid / hardened state (elastic return, cohesion, tensile strength and stability to aging); - provide easily and at a lower cost new bituminous compositions as defined in the objectives above; 5 - provide simple and economical methods of preparing new bituminous compositions as defined in the above objectives; to provide simple and economical methods of manufacturing road surfaces, in particular ESU wear surface coatings, from the new bituminous compositions as defined in the above objectives; Providing new road surfaces, in particular inexpensive and efficient ESU wearing surface coatings, prepared from the new bituminous compositions as defined in the above objectives. Description of the invention These objectives, among others, are achieved by the present invention which firstly relates, in a first aspect, to a curable composition comprising at least one bitumen, at least one vegetable or animal oil and at least one drying agent, characterized in that: the concentration of bitumen is at least in weight% by adding to the total mass of the composition and in increasing order preferably: 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; And in that it comprises a drying accelerator comprising at least one nucleophile. This bituminous composition is a bituminous binder fluxed with one or more vegetable or animal oils (without VOC), with an increased drying speed, so as to obtain a rise in improved consistency, that is, that is compatible with the requirements of the industrial manufacture of road surfaces, in particular ESU. Advantageously, this gain in curing speed does not affect the qualities required for the bituminous composition, also in its uncured form as in its cured form. It is the merit of the inventors to have updated this new function of the nucleophilic compounds with respect to the kinetics of the siccation reaction of the fluxant formed by one or more vegetable or animal oils. One of the interests of the drying accelerators according to the invention is their good compatibility with bituminous binders. In particular, these accelerators do not disturb either by their nature or by their quantity used, the rheological characteristics of the bituminous binders, among others. According to a preferred characteristic of the invention, the composition is obtained by a primary mixture of the vegetable or animal oil and the drying agent and then by subsequent addition in this primary mixture, of a drying accelerator comprising at least one uretoblephene. It has indeed appeared judicious to respect this order of incorporation of the ingredients during the preparation of the composition according to the invention.

More preferably still, the bitumen ingredient is incorporated, wholly or in part, after primary mixing of the flowable vegetable or animal oil and the drying agent, the drying accelerator being then added. Advantageously, the mixture of the ingredients during the preparation of the bituminous composition according to the invention is carried out hot, for example between 100 and 150 ° C. (eg 125 ° C.), in particular since the bitumen is introduced into the mixture, taking into account the rheological characteristics of said bitumen. This preferred order of incorporation allows the optimization of the properties of the composition.

Preferably, the drying accelerator comprises at least one strong base, preferably a hydroxylated strong base, and even more preferably a hydroxylated strong base selected from the group consisting of, preferably consisting of: Ca (OH) ) 2; KOH; NaOH; LiOH; CsOH; NH2; Ba (OH) 2 and mixtures thereof, Ca (OH) 2 being particularly preferred. The slaked lime Ca (OH)? is a prime candidate as a siccation accelerator. It enables the cohesion or consistency of the bituminous composition, during curing, to be significantly improved: for example at least 30% loss of penetration NF EN 1426, after exposure to ambient air for a given period of time and 20 given temperature. The slaked lime Ca (OH), also gives correct results in terms of sedimentation: no undesirable sedimentation occurs after spreading the bituminous composition, on a support, to form a coating. Slaked lime Ca (OH) 2 is also of interest for its neutrality with respect to the mechanical and rheological properties of bitumens such as penetrability (0.1 mm), viscosity and ring-ring temperature. Advantageously, the drying accelerator is in powder form or in liquid form in suspension or in solution. Since the composition is a hot-formed bituminous composition, the drying accelerator is in an anhydrous form. Water is indeed undesirable in such a manufacturing environment. In the case where the drying accelerator is in liquid form, the latter may consist of a solution in an alcohol or a mixture of alcohols, or in a fatty acid ester or a mixture of fatty acid. By way of example of a solution of siccative (s) in a fatty acid ester, mention may be made of manganese carboxylate in solution in a fatty acid ester. Quantitatively, it is desirable according to the invention that the concentration of drying accelerator is between -en% by weight relative to the total mass of the composition and in a growing order preferably- [0.1- 101; [0.5-71; - [1-51.

Other characteristics of the curable composition according to the invention This composition has at least one of the following characteristics: The siccative is chosen from metal salts, preferably from the salts of Mn, Co, Fe, Zr, Zn, V, Li, or K, more preferably Mn, and more preferably still carboxylates (eg octoate or naphthenate); manganese octoate being particularly preferred; II. The vegetable or animal oil is chosen from: - oils, crude or refined, eg obtained by trituration of seeds, kernels or fruits of plants, in particular oleaginous plants, preferably in the group comprising or better still consisting of: linseed, rapeseed, sunflower, soya, olive, palm, palm kernel, castor oil, wood, corn, squash, grape seed, jojoba, sesame, walnut, hazelnut, almond, shea, peanut, coconut, china, macadamia, cotton, alfalfa, rye, safflower, peanut, copra, pine, squash , rice, and argan (as described in applications FR 2 785 603, FR 2 910 477, EP 900 822, FR 2 721 043 or FR 2 891 838) and mixtures thereof; animal oils, preferably tallow oil and / or lard oil; derivatives of these oils, in particular their isomers and / or acids and / or amides and / or esters, more particularly their transesterification derivatives, such as monoesters including methyl monoesters, optionally functionalized by oxidation, and more particularly, the derivatives of these oils formed by one or more C16-C18 fatty acid methyl monoesters, in particular sunflower oil, linseed oil, and / or isomerized sunflower oil. ; and their mixtures; - and mixtures of these oils and their derivatives; III. The composition comprises at least one polymer. Bitumen The bitumen of the composition may consist of a single type of bitumen or a mixture of bitumens of different origins, such as those which are used mainly in the preparation of bitumen-polymer compositions. These bitumens may be natural bitumens, blown or semi-puffed bitumens, or even certain petroleum fractions or mixtures of bitumens and vacuum distillates (direct distillation or distillation under reduced pressure).

The bitumen can also be obtained by mixing different refining effluents such as desalting products, visbreaking residues, blowing products and / or natural asphalt, possibly associating them with the above distillation residues.

The bitumen is advantageously chosen from road bitumens defined according to NF EN 12591 or from grades 20/30 30/45 35/50 40/60 50/70 100/150 160/220 grade bitumen [70/1001 being particularly preferred. In non-limiting embodiments, the concentration of bitumen in the composition may be from 92 to 99% by weight, preferably from 95 to 99% by weight. The bitumens according to the invention may be bitumens modified with at least one polymer selected from the usual polymers of bitumen-polymers, namely the following co or homopolymers, eg: biopolymers of plant, animal and protein origin, polybutadienes, polyisoprenes, butyl rubbers, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polychloroprenes, polynorbornenes, polybutenes, polyisobutenes, polyethylenes, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, copolymers of ethylene and methyl acrylate copolymers of ethylene and butyl acrylate, copolymers of ethylene and maleic anhydride, copolymers of ethylene and of glycidyl methacrylate, copolymers of ethylene and of glycidyl acrylate, copolymers of ethylene / propene / diene terpolymers (EPDM), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene terpolymers (ABS), ter ethylene / alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate / acrylate or glycidyl methacrylate polymers and in particular ethylene / methyl acrylate / glycidyl methacrylate terpolymers and ethylene / alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate / maleic anhydride terpolymers and in particular ethylene / acrylate terpolymers; butyl / maleic anhydride. The polymer retained is preferably a styrene-butadiene copolymer of linear or stellar molecular structure, having a content of styrenic units of between 5% and 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the butadiene units, preferably between 10 and 50% by weight. % 25 and 40%, more preferably between 15% and 30%, even more preferably between 20% and 30%. Its average molecular weight Mw may advantageously be between 50,000 and 800,000 daltons, preferably between 60,000 and 700,000, more preferably between 80,000 and 500,000, still more preferably between 100,000 and 400,000, even more preferably between 110,000 and 500,000. 000 and 300 000. The molecular weight of the copolymer is measured by GPC chromatography with a polystyrene standard according to ASTM D3536. In a manner known per se, the polymer bitumen may contain a crosslinking agent of the polymer (a). Conventionally, this crosslinking agent is chosen according to the type (s) of polymer (s) contained in the primary mixture according to the invention, for example:> sulfur (sulfur in flower or else crystallized sulfur alpha ); Hydrocarbyl polysulfides, alone or in admixture, if present alone or in admixture; the compounds of general formula HS-R-SH wherein R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group of 2 to 40 carbon atoms, optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms, such as oxygen.

3021662 Vegetable or animal oils The oil or the oils constituting the fluxing agent are advantageously of non-fossil natural origin (plant or animal origin).

The preferred vegetable or animal oil is defined above under II. For example, this vegetable or animal oil which acts as a fluxing agent is chosen from the group consisting of the fluxing agents described in EP900822B1, for example the fluxing agents marketed under the trade names Oléoroute rr & Oleoflux®.

According to an advantageous arrangement of the invention, the fluxing vegetable or animal oil is present in a proportion of -en% by weight relative to the total mass of the composition and in a growing order of preference [1-20]; [2-15]; [3-12]; [4-10]; [5-9]; [5-7] or [5.5-9]. Drying agent The siccative used in the composition according to the invention is defined qualitatively above. The concentration of drying agent in the composition is for its part between -en% by weight relative to the mass of the vegetable or animal oil! Luxant of the composition and in a growing order of preference- [0,1-5] ; [0.5-4]; [1-3]; - [1.5- 2.5].

Other Ingredients The bituminous composition according to the invention may also include other ingredients, such as, for example, functional additives intended to impart to the composition the desired use properties.

By way of examples, mention may be made of: adhesion promoters (adhesive and interfacial dope), thickening agent, acidifying agents. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the bituminous composition defined above. This method is characterized in that i. a primary mixture is made with the vegetable or animal oil and siccative; ü. the bitumen and any other ingredients are incorporated; iii. then all or part of a drying accelerator comprising at least one nucleophile is added to this primary mixture; Iv. optionally one incorporates in the composition one or more other ingredients and then the remainder of the drying accelerator comprising at least one nucleophile, in the case where only a part of this accelerator is introduced in step (iii); there. this composition is protected from ambient air.

The various ingredients used for the preparation of this bituminous composition are added to the mixture in one or more times, respecting the order of incorporation specified above. As already indicated, this order of incorporation is important with respect to the performance of the composition both in the uncured state and in the cured state. This process is preferably carried out hot, for example at a temperature between 100 and 150 ° C, to take into account the rheological characteristics of the bitumen and possibly fluxing plant or animal oil. These features excepted, the preparation of the bituminous composition according to the invention 10 is carried out on current practices and with the usual equipment / devices (mixer) of the field of bitumens. To preserve the composition thus prepared from premature hardening, it is kept in a closed vessel.

Uses The composition according to the invention can be used to form road coatings or even sealing coatings. In particular, the invention particularly relates to a use in which: a) the composition is applied to a support, preferably to form a coating; b) the composition is allowed to cure on the support after exposure to ambient air. More specifically, the invention may have as its object the use as binder in a road surface coating of the composition as defined above.

The composition according to the invention also has a particularly advantageous use in the manufacture of a road surface coating these ESU. This production comprises the following steps: a) the composition as defined above as such, or the composition as obtained by the process described above, is applied to a road support, to form a coating of binding agent; b) granules are spread on the binder coating; c) the surface coating thus produced is allowed to harden in ambient air. These ESUs can be applied not only on roads but also on any type of civil engineering works such as car parks, airport areas, shoulders, decorative coverings ... In a variant according to which the accelerator of siccativation is not incorporated during manufacture but in use, it implements a composition not including or including only part of the accelerator siccativation, and in that one spreads on the 40 coating and / or on the coating all the drying accelerator or the remainder of the drying accelerator not present in the composition applied to the support (the drying accelerator being in the form of a powder or a liquid form) . The invention also relates to a kit for the manufacture of a road surface coating characterized in that it comprises: the composition as defined as such above, or the composition as obtained by the process described above, and aggregates. The definition of superficial wear coatings (aggregates, binder and curing mulation) is given by the French national guide "Superficial wear coatings" published by SETRA (ISBN 2-7208-7020-X). According to one possibility, the composition of the invention may be totally free of aggregates.

The invention also relates to the use of at least one nucleophile as a drying accelerator in a composition containing at least one vegetable or animal oil and at least one drying agent, in particular in a bituminous composition as defined as such. before, or in a bituminous composition as obtained by the process described supra.

The nucleophilic compound used as a drying accelerator according to the invention is defined in more detail above, within the scope of the description of the bituminous composition constituting the main object of the present disclosure. Coatings In yet another of its aspects, the invention relates to a coating (eg coated or coated) road, obtained from the bituminous composition as defined as such above, or a bituminous composition such as obtained by the process described above. The invention will be better understood in the light of the examples which follow.

Examples -I- Apparatuses and methods: The tests of the examples were carried out according to a protocol derived from the standard NF EN 13 35 074-1 which describes the equipment used and which gives the methodology for a fluidized or fluxed bitumen (paragraph 7.3, page 10). For each test, 160g of binder is put in thin layer on a stabilization plate (40x40cm stainless steel plate). According to this standard, asphalt-coated samples are placed at ambient temperature for 24 hours and at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. In the tests of the examples, the samples were placed at ambient temperature for 24 hours and at 50 ° C. for 14 days, in order to be able to observe significant cohesive returns and thus to appreciate the positive impact of the drying accelerator. -II- Raw materials: 5 (1) Bitumen bitumen grade 70/100 from the SHELL® refinery Polymer: SBS leo Polymers® 10 (2) Vegetable or animal oil: Methyl ester of C18 fatty acids: Oleoflux @ 18 - Oléoroute0 Acid number 1 mg KOH / g or 5 and 10 mg KOH / g (3) Siccative Borchers manganese octoate (4) Ca (OH) drying accelerator, in powder form: LhoistO 20 -III - Tests & Results: -III.1- Tests 1-4 25 1 3 4 Bitumen (94.28%) + Oleoflux (5.6%) + driers (0.12%) + lime (0%) Bitumen (92%) , 28%) + Oleoflux (5.6%) + driers (0.12%) + lime (2%) Bitumen (91.355%) Bitumen (89.355%) + SBS (1.4%) + SBS (1.4%) %) + Crosslinking agent (0,105%) + Crosslinking agent (0,105%) + Oleoflux (7%) + Oleotlux (7%) + drying agent (0,14%) + drying agent (0,14%) + lime (0%) + lime (2%) Needle penetration 189 86 127 (in 1 / 10th mm) NF EN 1426 85 Loss / gain penetration ref -103 ref -42 Comments: synergy between the four constituents 3021662 12 -111.2- Tests 5-9 5 6 7 8 9 Bitumen (94.28%) + Oleotlux (5.6%) + driers (0.12%) + lime (0%) Bitumen (93.28%) + Males (5.6%) + driers (0.12%) + lime (1%) Bitumen (92.28%) + Oleoflux (5.6%) + driers (0.12%) + lime (2%) Bitumen (90.28%) + Oleoflux (5.6%) + driers (0.12%) + lime (4%) Bitumen (90.4%) + Oleoflux (5.6%) + driers (0%) + lime (4%) Needle Penetration 189 99 86 82 220 (in 1 / 10th mm) NF EN 1426 Penetration loss / gain ref -90 -103 -107 31 Comments: Test 9 is a negative control that shows that in the absence of useful lime as a drying accelerator, no rise in consistency or cohesion occurs. Indeed the NF EN 1426 penetrability increases even by 31 units. -111.3- Tests 10-11-12: Influence of lime on bitumen at concentrations of 0, 1 and 2%.

10 10 11 12 Lime Bitumen Bitumen Bitumen (100%) (99%) (98%) Needle Penetration (in 1 / 10th mm) 0% 45 NF EN 1426 1% 44 2% 43 -111.4- Tests 13- 14-15: negative controls 13 14 15 Bitumen (94.28%) + Oleoflux (5.6%) + driers ((1.12%) + additive (0 (7th) Bitumen (92.28%) Bitumen (92.28 %) + Oleoflux (5.6%) + Oleoflux (5.6%) + siccative (0.12%) + drying (0.12%) + natural wax (2%) + synthetic wax t 2%) Penetration to the needle (in 1 / 10th mm) NF EN 1426 124 149 114 Loss / gain penetration ref 25 -10 15

Claims (14)

REVENDICATIONS1. Curable composition comprising at least one bitumen, at least one vegetable or animal oil and at least one drying agent; characterized in that: the bitumen concentration is at least in weight% by adding to the total mass of the composition and in increasing order preferably: 50; 60; 70; 80; 90; and in that it comprises a drying accelerator comprising at least one nucleophile. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition is obtained by a primary mixture of the vegetable or animal oil and the drying agent and then by subsequent addition in this primary mixture, a drying accelerator comprising at least one nucleophile . 15 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the siccativation accelerator comprises at least one strong base, preferably a hydroxylated strong hase, and even more preferably, a strong hydroxylated base selected from the group consisting of preferably consisting of: Ca (OH) 2; KOH; NaOH; LiOH; CsOH; NH2; Ba (OH) 2 and their mixtures, Ca (OH) 2 being particularly preferred. 4. Composition according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drying accelerator is in powder form or in liquid form in suspension or in solution. 25 5. Composition according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composition is a bituminous composition manufactured hot and in that the drying accelerator is in anhydrous form. 30 6. Composition according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concentration of siccativation accelerator is between -en% by weight relative to the total mass of the composition and in a growing order of preference-: [ 0.1-10]; [0.5-7]; [1-5]. 35 7. Composition according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one of the following characteristics: The siccative is chosen from metal salts, preferably from the salts of Mn, Co, Fe, Zr, Zn, V, Li or K, more preferably Mn, and more preferably still among the carboxylates; manganese octoate being particularly preferred; 3021662 14 IL The vegetable or animal oil is chosen: - from crude or refined oils, eg obtained by trituration of seeds, kernels or fruits of plants, in particular oleaginous plants, preferably in the group comprising or better still constituted by: linseed, rapeseed, sunflower, soya, olive, palm, palm kernel, castor oil, wood, maize, squash, grape seed, jojoba, sesame, nuts, hazelnuts, almonds, shea nuts, peanuts, copra, Chinese wood, macadamia, cotton, alfalfa, rye, safflower, peanut, copra, pine, squash, rice, and argan, and mixtures thereof; Animal oils, preferably tallow oil and / or lard oil; derivatives of these oils, in particular their isomers and / or acids and / or amides and / or esters, more particularly their derivatives; transesterification, such as monoesters including methyl monoesters, optionally functionalized by oxidation, and even more particularly the derivatives of these oils formed by one or more C16-C18 fatty acid methyl monoesters, in particular sunflower, linseed oil, and / or isomeric sunflower oil; and their mixtures; - and mixtures of these oils and their derivatives; III. The composition comprises at least one polymer. 20 8. Process for the preparation of the composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: j. a primary mixture is made with the vegetable or animal oil and siccative; the bitumen and any other ingredients are incorporated; Iii. then all or part of a drying accelerator comprising at least one nucleophile is added to this primary mixture; iv. optionally, one or more other ingredients are incorporated in the composition and then the remainder of the drying accelerator comprising at least one nucleophile, in the case where only a part of this accelerator is introduced in step (iii); there. this composition is protected from ambient air. 9. Use of the composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, or the composition as obtained by the process according to claim 8, characterized in that a) the composition is applied to a support, preferably to form a coating; b) the composition is allowed to cure on the support after exposure to ambient air. 10. Use as a binder in a road surface coating, the composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, or the composition as obtained by the process according to claim 8. 3021662 11. A method of manufacturing a road surface coating, characterized in that: a) the composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, or the composition as obtained by the method according to claim 8, is applied, on a road support, to form a binder coating; b) granules are spread on the binder coating; c) the surface coating thus produced is allowed to harden in ambient air. 12. Process according to claim 11, characterized in that a composition is used which does not include or includes only part of the drying accelerator, and that it is spread on the coating and / or or on the coating, respectively, all the drying accelerator or the remainder of the drying accelerator not present in the composition applied to the support (the drying accelerator being in the form of a powder or in liquid form). 15 13. Necessary for the manufacture of a road surface coating, characterized in that it comprises: the composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, or the composition as obtained by the process according to claim 8; - and aggregates. 14. Use of at least one nucleophile as a drying accelerator in a composition according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, or a composition as obtained by the process according to claim 8.