FR3013428A1 - ACCUMULATION WELL - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention makes it possible to transform the soil into a heat and cold accumulator, it is intended for an installation or group of installations needing to produce heat and cold, The heat accumulation is done passively when cold is produced and vice versa. The simplest form consists of two buried pipes placed head to tail, one pipe is intended for heating the other for refrigeration. In more elaborate forms, several suction mouths whose opening is controlled by a computer informed of the outside temperature and the soil temperature at different points of the well make it possible to generate and maintain in the soil an increasing gradient of temperatures between a cold point that feeds the refrigeration plants and a hot spot that supplies the heating installations. In the most elaborate forms the well consists of a succession of vertical drillings, the boreholes can be shortcircuited and the air taken at the desired temperature, the stale air is returned to the well and preserves the temperature gradient. The device is managed without outside intervention, it can power installations ranging from single-family homes to industrial-scale installations.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for supplying facilities with both heating needs and refrigeration needs by transforming the soil into heat and cold accumulator, the accumulation of cold will be passive when the we will produce heat and vice versa. The device known as a Canadian well or Provençal well meets heating and refrigeration needs by supplying installations with air at a temperature higher than that of outdoor air in winter for heating and lower than that of outside air. in summer for refrigeration by circulating air drawn outside in a buried pipe.

In the Canadian well, the outside air is sucked in by a single suction mouth, after a passage of several tens of meters in the ground its temperature is equilibrated by heat exchange with that of the ground, it is then directed towards the installation air conditioning which is usually a reversible heat pump, the temperature at which the air supplies the facilities is close to the ground temperature which allows substantial savings in energy. In the Canadian well of heat accumulates in summer in the soil downstream of the suction mouth.

When in autumn and winter it is necessary to produce heat, the cold air begins to warm up in the proximal part of the warmer well and then cool in the distal part at the average temperature of the soil. The opposite phenomenon occurs when switching from heat production to cold production as shown in Figure A1. The device according to the invention allows multiple suction ports to generate in the well a hot spot that will feed the plants. heating plants, a cold point that will supply the refrigeration facilities and between them an increasing temperature gradient between the cold spot and the hot spot. There will be passive accumulation of cold around the cold point in winter when there will be need to heat. Conversely there will be passive accumulation of heat in summer around the hot spot when there will be need to cool. At the changes of season the heat and cold accumulated will be recovered. Different technical solutions make it possible to obtain a storage well, they are presented in order of complexity.

Figure A2 shows a storage well intended for a small installation such as a house, it consists of two pipes put upside down, one pipe is intended for heating, the other for refrigeration, there will be passive heat accumulation in summer at the end of the refrigeration circuit downstream of the suction mouth because the refrigeration needs will be predominant, the air flow in the pipe intended for the refrigeration installation will be greater than the air flow in the pipe for the heating system (a). There will be a passive accumulation of cold in the winter downstream of the intake pipe of the heating circuit because heating needs will be predominant (c). In autumn the heat accumulated in summer will be restored (b).

In spring the cold accumulated in winter will be restored (c). Two holes at the ends of the circuit will heat and cool a larger volume of soil (e).

For larger installations, the addition of a third borehole and a computer-controlled valve to the previous model will improve the efficiency of the system. A top view in section of the installation is shown in Figure A3.

Intermediate drilling will avoid cooling the hot spot or warming the cold spot when the air temperature is between the ground temperature at the cold point and the temperature of the soil at the hot spot. The cold point will cool by suction of a colder outside air and will warm up by restoring the accumulated cold, so the hot spot will heat up by suction of a warmer outside air and will cool by restoring the heat accumulated because the Air intake will be through intermediate drilling when the outside temperature will be between the soil temperature at the cold point and the temperature of the soil at the hot spot. The well consists of a succession of three boreholes whose air supply is managed by a single valve controlled by the computer, the valve is located in the building to be air-conditioned and protected from the weather. A hole at one end will be the cold spot (F), a hole at the other end will be the hot spot (C), the intermediate hole (I) will be placed between the cold spot and the hot spot near the building to be conditioned. . In this installation, the heating circuit and the refrigeration circuit are equipped with their own air duct, the pipes are installed head to tail.

The air duct of the heating installation (1) has its suction mouth at the cold point (F), after passing through the drilling of the cold point, a bend brings air to the valve (6). It then passes into the intermediate borehole and then into the hot spot borehole to be brought back to the building by a conduit covered with a thermal insulator (4). The air duct of the refrigeration plant (2) has its suction mouth at the hot spot after passing through the hot-point bore, a bend brings the air back to the valve (6). It then passes into the intermediate bore (I) and then into the cold point bore (F) to be brought back to the building by a pipe covered with a thermal insulation (3). An air duct (5) connected to the valve makes it possible to short-circuit the cold spot and the hot spot by directing the air taken outside to the intermediate bore, it also allows to feed the installation directly. refrigeration and heating installation with air taken outside. One duct conducts air from the valve to the heating system (10), another duct to the refrigeration system (11).

The valve is controlled by the computer which is informed of the outside temperature (TE) by a probe (7), of the soil temperature at the cold point (TF) by a second probe (8) and of the soil temperature at the point hot (TC) by a third probe (9).

Figure A4 shows the operation of the valve, Figure A5 shows the circulation of air in the well in the three positions of the valve. The valve consists of two superimposed cylinders, one cylinder is reserved for the refrigeration circuit, the other cylinder is reserved for the heating circuit. Each cylinder of the valve consists of a fixed part (black) and a movable part (red), the movable part of the cylinder of the refrigeration circuit is integral with the movable part of the cylinder of the heating circuit.

For the part reserved for the refrigeration circuit are connected to the valve: a pipe directing the air to the intermediate borehole (1), a pipe bringing back the air from the hot point (2), the isolated pipe bringing air from the point cold (3), a conduit for bringing to the valve air taken outside (4), a pipe leading to the refrigeration plant (5). For the part reserved for the heating circuit are connected to the valve: a pipe directing the air towards the intermediate bore (6), a pipe bringing air from the cold point (7), the isolated pipe bringing air from the point hot (8), a conduit for bringing to the valve air taken from the outside (9), a pipe leading to the heating installation (10), the valve has three positions. It goes into position A if the outside temperature is lower than the temperature of the cold point (TE <TF), the refrigeration system will be supplied with air taken from the outside, for the heating installation the air will pass through the drilling of the cold point (F) and then by the intermediate drilling (I) and then by the drilling of the hot spot (C) to be brought back to the heating installation by the isolated pipe. In position A cold will accumulate at the cold point.

It goes into position B if the outside temperature is between the cold spot temperature and the hot spot temperature (TF <TE <TC). For refrigeration the outside air will pass through the intermediate bore (I) and then by the cold point drilling (F), the drilling of the hot spot (C) will be short-circuited. For heating the outside air will pass through the intermediate drilling and then drilling the hot spot, the drilling of the cold point (F) will be short-circuited. It goes into position C if the outside temperature is higher than the temperature of the hot spot (TE> TC). For refrigeration, the outside air will pass through the hot spot (C), then the intermediate bore (I) and then the cold spot (F). The heating system will be supplied directly with air drawn from the outside. In position C heat will accumulate at the hot spot.

The drilling of the cold spot and the hot spot may be replaced by a group of shallower drillings placed spirally around the cold spot and the hot spot in order to preserve the heat reserve and the cold reserve.

For larger installations, the well consists of a single air duct provided with multiple suction mouths, the opening of which is controlled by the calculator, the duct having at one end the cold point, at the other end the hot spot, the multiple mouths will generate a finer gradient of temperatures, Figure A6 shows a schematic view of its operation over a year. In summer the production of cold is predominant, the air is taken at the cold point to supply the refrigeration facilities, the remaining cold accumulated in winter and spring is returned, an extra cold group brings the complement of cold. The suction mouth is open at the hot spot where there will be heat build-up. In autumn the heating needs increase, the air is taken at the hot spot to supply the heating installations, the heat accumulated in the spring and summer at the hot point is restored, the heating can be provided by simple ventilation then using an extra heat pump. To supply the refrigeration plants the air is taken at the cold point, the extra cold is supplied by the extra cooling unit. The outside air is sucked by the intermediate mouths then by the mouth of the cold point at the approach of the winter. In winter, the amount of heat accumulated in summer at the hot spot is restored, additional heat is supplied by the heat pump, the suction mouth is opened at the cold point where there is accumulation of cold. In the spring the refrigeration needs increase, the air is taken at the cold deck to supply the refrigeration facilities, the cold accumulated in autumn and winter is restored, the refrigeration can be provided by simple ventilation, an extra cold group will bring then the cold complement. To supply the heating systems the air is taken from the hot spot, the additional heat is supplied by the heat pump. The outside air is sucked by the intermediate mouths and then by the mouth of the hot spot at the approach of summer. As shown in Figure A7, the air duct can take three forms. The air duct is either constituted by a buried circuit (a), or consists of a succession of vertical holes (3b), or consists of a succession of buried sections and vertical drilling (c). In the case of a buried network well (a) the air pipe is buried to a depth sufficient to prevent heat and cold loss on the surface of the ground, it has at both ends the cold point (F ) and the hot spot (C), these two points are connected to the heating and cooling systems by two pipes covered with a thermal insulation (1 and 2). Heating and refrigeration installations can be located in the same building (reversible air conditioning ...) or in separate buildings. The suction mouths (3,4,5,6) make it possible to feed the well with outside air, a first is located near the cold point (3), a second is located near the hot point (6), the other mouths are spaced apart on the pipe buried between the cold point and the hot point (4,5). Each suction mouth is equipped with a valve (7) whose opening is controlled by the computer. Thermal probes (10, 11, 12, 13) inform the calculator of the soil temperature near the buried network at each suction mouth, a last thermal probe informs the calculator of the outside temperature. In the case of a vertical borehole (b), the well consists of a succession of two-section (1,2,3,4) air ducts, inserted in boreholes and interconnected by connecting pipes carrying the suction mouths (5,6,7), or a succession of flexible U-shaped pipes in the boreholes and connected to the suction mouths, the connecting pipes are covered with a thermal insulation, they are placed on the surface or buried at a shallow depth. It has at both ends a drilling called cold point (F) and drilling called hot spot (C), these two holes are connected to refrigeration and heating facilities by two pipes covered with thermal insulation (8,9) . Heating and refrigeration installations can be located in the same building (reversible air conditioning ...) or in separate buildings. The suction mouths (10, 11; 12, 13, 14) make it possible to feed the well with outside air, a first is situated between the cold point and the refrigeration installation (10), a second is located between the hot spot and the heating system (14), the other outlets are located on the connecting lines (11, 12, 13). Each suction mouth is equipped with a valve whose opening is controlled by the computer. Thermal probes (15, 16, 17, 18) inform the calculator of the soil temperature at each drilling a final temperature probe of the outside temperature. The opening of the suction mouths is done according to a simple principle. In the case of a buried network well (Figure A2a), the computer which is informed of the outside air temperature and the soil temperature by the probes buried near each suction mouth controls the opening of the Suction mouths according to the following principle. If the outside temperature is lower than or equal to the ground temperature at the cold point, it triggers the opening of the suction port at the cold point (3). If the temperature of the air is greater than or equal to the temperature of the soil at the hot point, it triggers the opening of the suction mouth at the hot point (6).

If the air temperature is between the soil temperature at the cold point and the soil temperature at the hot point, the computer controls the opening of the intermediate mouth at the point where the soil temperature is closest to the outside air temperature (4 or 5).

In the case of a vertical borehole (Figure A2b) the computer is informed of the outside air temperature and the soil temperature by the buried thermal probes near each borehole, it triggers the opening of the mouths suction according to the following principle. If the outdoor temperature is lower than or equal to the ground temperature at the cold point, it triggers the opening of the suction port located between the cold point and the refrigeration system (10). If the air temperature is greater than or equal to the ground temperature at the hot point, it triggers the opening of the suction port located between the hot spot and the heating system (14). If the outside temperature is between the temperature of the soil at the cold point and the temperature of the soil at the hot point, the computer controls the opening of the intermediate mouth located between the drill whose temperature is lower and the borehole whose temperature is higher. or equal to the outside temperature (11 or 12 or 13), the choice can also be made to open the valve between the borehole whose temperature is lower than or equal to the outside temperature and that whose temperature is higher. In the case of a well combining underground network and vertical drilling, the operating principle will be that of the vertical borehole.

Once the device is in place, no outside intervention will be necessary. In autumn and winter the soil temperature will passively drop to the cold point when the air temperature is below the ground temperature at the cold point because the air will be sucked to the cold point and then directed to the hot spot to feed the heating system. An increasing temperature gradient will develop between the cold point and the hot spot due to thermal exchanges between the circulating air and the surrounding soil.

In the spring and summer it will be the opposite, the soil temperature will rise to the hot spot when the outside air temperature will be higher than the temperature of the ground at the hot spot because the air will be sucked to the hot spot and then directed to the cold point to supply the refrigeration plant.

In autumn and spring when the air temperature will be between the soil temperature at the cold point and the temperature of the soil at the hot spot, the intermediate suction mouths will preserve the heat reserves when there is a need for refrigeration and the cold reserves of when there will be need to heat because the air circulation will be from an intermediate mouth to the hot spot for heating or cold point for refrigeration as needed. The warming of the air will be in a rising gradient of temperatures, cooling in a decreasing gradient. The hot spot will be heated by suction of a warmer outside air and will cool by restoring the accumulated heat and vice versa for the cold spot. A period of heat in winter or cold in summer will partially restore the reserves of heat or cold.

The architecture of a storage well will be different from the architecture of a Canadian well because the opposite effect will be sought. In the Canadian well, the air lines are spaced so as to dissipate heat and cold in the surrounding soil. Conversely, in the accumulation well, it will be sought to accumulate heat around the hot spot and the cold around the cold point, and to preserve this heat and cold. For a major installation it may adopt an S shape (Figure A8) so that the heat from the hot spot and the cold from the cold point to the surrounding ground can be partially recovered by the sections of the circuit located nearby. By this S-shape, an increasing gradient of circular-shaped temperatures around the cold and decreasing point around the hot spot will form in the soil. It must be placed away from water pipes that could lead to heat loss or cold. If the installation to be cooled (ice rink, refrigeration installations ...) is separated from the installation to be heated (swimming pool, offices ...), the installation to be cooled can be built above the cold point and the installation to warm up above the hot spot, they will recover some of the cold and heat from the cold spot and the hot spot, the suction vents will be returned to the outside of the facilities (Figure A9). For a large-borehole well, the well will also adopt an S shape as shown in Figure A10 in order to recover some of the heat diffusing from the hot point and the cold from the cold point, the intermediate holes will be placed on concentric circles around the hot spot and the cold point which will isolate the hot spot and the cold point of the surrounding soil, the drilling located on the periphery of the hot spot will be warmed by the diffusion of heat around the hot spot and cooled by the surrounding ground and conversely for drilling located on the periphery of the cold point, the intermediate drillings will be located at increasing distances from the hot point and the cold point, there will be a gradient of increasing temperatures around the cold and decreasing point around the hot point. The drilling will be of increasing depth from the cold point and the hot point to the periphery in order to limit the losses to the ground from the bottom of the boreholes, the thermal insulation of the upper part of the drillings will be of increasing height from the periphery to the cold point and hot spot to limit losses to outside air, the temperature gradients will be cylindrical around the cold spot and hot spot as shown in Figure A6. The installation to be cooled can be built above the cold point and the installation to be heated above the hot spot.

The realization of a storage well will be simple, it is illustrated in Figure All for a vertical borehole consisting of flexible pipes. It will begin by digging a trench (a, b) that will follow the path of the connecting pipes, drilling will be carried out in the bottom of the trench for the air ducts and the thermal probes (c), the mouths of the trenches. suction will simply be placed in the bottom of the trench (d), and connected to the flexible pipes that will be introduced into the boreholes (e), cement or concrete may be poured to fill the holes of the borehole, which will facilitate exchanges thermal with the surrounding soil. The pipes leading to the refrigeration plant and the heating system will be covered with thermal insulation as well as the connecting pipes (f). The installation will end with the installation of the thermal probes, the cables supplying the valves and the cables connecting them to the computer (g). At the end of the construction, the trench will be filled (h). Once all the elements connected to each other and connected to the computer, the well will be functional (i), in this example the outside temperature is lower than the ground temperature at the cold point. For a buried network well the trench will simply be deeper and the suction mouths higher, the connection lines of the suction mouths will not be isolated.

For a well combining buried network and vertical drilling the trench will be deeper as for a buried network and the connecting pipes will not be isolated. The storage well will provide considerable energy savings, allowing seasonal changes to heat or cool facilities without the use of a heat pump or extra cooling unit. If there is a need, because of the depletion of heat reserves to use a back-up heat pump, the average temperatures obtained at the hot spot will be higher than the temperatures obtained at the exit of a Canadian well. Similarly, if there is a need to use a backup refrigeration unit, the average temperatures obtained at the cold point will be lower than those obtained at the outlet of a Canadian well.

As for the Canadian well, most of the cost of the well will be the cost of producing the air circuit, which will have a long or even unlimited life. The rest of the investment, valves, calculator and thermal probes will be quickly amortized in view of the expected performance of the system. Like the Canadian well, the accumulation well can be coupled with a dual flow VMC.

The last example shows a well intended for a large installation, the air can be taken there at the desired temperature, the stale air is returned in a parallel circuit and preserves the temperature gradient.

It consists of a succession of vertical holes that can be short-circuited. Thermal probes in the ground and in the air ducts inform the computer, the air is taken at the desired temperature by short-circuiting the distal parts of the circuit. If the refrigerating and reheating facilities are to be maintained at moderate temperatures, the cold spot and the hot spot will constitute two thermal masses. Air will be drawn for a long time at the desired temperature around the cold spot and hot spot and air conditioning will be provided by simple ventilation. Heat can be stored in the summer and cold stored in winter actively. The use of a heat pump and an auxiliary refrigeration unit will not be necessary for certain installations if the temperatures required for heating and cooling are close to the temperature of the soil in the region considered. The well can be used to supply installations with refrigeration needs and heating needs at different temperatures, the power supply of the different installations will be provided alternately. The stale air is re-injected into the well to preserve the temperature gradient, it circulates in the boreholes in a separate pipe from that of the fresh air.

In the example developed, the well supplies a sports complex including a swimming pool and an ice rink. The use of a heat pump for the pool and a cold group for the ice rink is necessary because it will be necessary to reach temperatures rarely reached by outside air during one year (-5 ° C and 30 ° C), it will therefore be difficult to build up a reserve of heat and cold sufficient to provide air conditioning by simple ventilation for a long time. The accumulation well will essentially save money by feeding the cold unit with colder air and the heat pump with warmer air than could be provided by a Canadian well. In the example, the cold spot and the adjacent holes are placed under the rink in order to recover a part of the cold which will be dissipated from the cold point. The hot spot and adjacent holes are placed under the pool to recover some of the heat that will dissipate from the hot spot. Drilling is placed S-shaped under the ice rink and under the pool. A cold group brings a supplement of cold to the air extracted from the well when the cold reserves are insufficient, a heat pump a complement of heat when the reserves of heat are insufficient. The cold unit uses air from the rink as a source of frigories, and the stale air that has warmed up after giving away the frigories is sent back into a parallel circuit of stale air that maintains the temperature gradient. The heat pump uses as a source of calories the air extracted from the pool, the stale air that will have cooled by giving up calories is also sent back to the stale air circuit. Thus the pool will produce cold for the ice rink and the ice rink for the heat, the heat pump and the cooling unit can be coupled in case of extreme cold if it is no longer necessary to cool the ice rink and in case high heat if it is no longer necessary to heat the pool which will reduce the power of the cold unit and the heat pump.

Figure A12 shows the operation of the installation in normal times. The air intended for the cooling of the ice rink is extracted from the well downstream of the cold point (1) it ventilates the radiator of gas expanded from the cold group (2a), it cools more to be sent back to the rink where it can feed a VMC double flow (2b) or cool the ice rink, the compressed gas radiator of the cold group is ventilated by air extracted from the ice rink (2c), it heats up before being sent back into the circuit of stale air from the well. The opposite occurs in the heat pump feeding the pool (3, 3a 3b, 3c). In case of extreme cold, the cold unit of the rink is converted into a heat pump and coupled to the heat pump of the pool (Figure A13). In case of high heat, the heat pump in the pool is converted into an extra cooling unit (Figure A14). The installation is shown in Figure A15, the building for air conditioning is placed between the rink and the pool. The cold unit for the rink, the heat pump for the swimming pool, the calculator, and the boreholes connecting the boreholes for the operation of the system are installed. Drilling consists of two U-channels, one for fresh air, the other for stale air, they radiate from the air-conditioning system, air is conveyed and boreholes are drilled into pipes. isolated, the thermal exchanges to occur in the boreholes. The drilling of the cold spot and the hot spot do not have a stale air line. The circuit has at one end the rink (2), at the other the swimming pool (3), the fresh air is admitted in the circuit by a common mouth (the), the stale air extracted by another common mouth ( lb). The operation of the valves is shown in figure A16, the connecting lines carry the two-position double valves (a) allowing the admission of fresh air and the discharge of stale air into the circuit and the double valves allowing admission of fresh air and stale air into each well (b). The valves regulating the admission of fresh and stale air into the boreholes are four-position double valves. In position A, the fresh air duct and the exhaust air duct are open, in position B only the fresh air duct is open, in position D only the exhaust air duct is open (the inlet valve fresh air and exhaust air discharge is shown open), in position C the fresh air duct and the exhaust air duct are both closed.

The calculator opens a fresh air intake and exhaust air valve and regulates the intake of fresh air and stale air in each borehole. For the admission of fresh air and the exhaust of exhaust air the computer controls the opening of the valve located between the rink and the drilling of the cold point if the outside temperature is lower or equal to the temperature of the soil at the cold point , the opening of the valve located between the hot-spot drilling and the pool if the outside temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature of the soil at the hot spot, the valve located between the borehole of which the temperature is lower and the borehole of which the temperature is greater or equal if the outside temperature is between the cold spot temperature and the hot spot temperature.

For the heating of the swimming pool the computer opens the fresh air ducts of the drillings of the inlet valve open to the borehole whose temperature is equal to the desired temperature or, failing that, until the drilling of the hot spot, if the temperature of the hot spot is insufficient the additional heat will be provided by the heat pump of the pool. A thermal probe located in the connecting pipes measures the temperature of the fresh air at the outlet of each borehole (c), it allows a short-circuiting of the downstream boreholes if the desired temperature is reached, the computer also controls the closure of boreholes whose temperature is lower than or equal to the temperature of the fresh air leaving the boreholes which will restore the temperature gradient in case of rupture and short-circuit the boreholes whose temperature is equal to the temperature of the air coming out of the borehole, which will shorten the length of the fresh air circuit. The calculator is informed of the temperature of the exhaust air at the outlet of the pool downstream of the expanded heat radiator of the heat pump. If its temperature is higher than the outside temperature it is directed towards the hot end of the circuit, if its temperature is lower than the outside temperature, the computer opens a shunt pipe which will direct the stale air towards the cold end of the circuit .

When the temperature of the stale air is higher than the outside temperature the computer will open the boreholes according to two cases of figure. If the temperature of the exhaust air is higher than the temperature of the soil in the considered region (13 ° C for example), it will open the boreholes whose temperature is between 13 ° C and the temperature of the stale air, the Fresh air and stale air will flow in the opposite direction in the warm part of the circuit as in a double flow VMC which will limit the cooling of the hot part of the circuit.

If its temperature is lower than 13 ° C it will control the opening of the last drill whose temperature is higher than its temperature, this drilling will be cooled. When the temperature of the exhaust air is lower than the outside temperature, the exhaust air will take the shunt line and be directed to the cold end of the circuit. Two scenarios will also arise. If the exhaust air has a temperature lower than 13 ° C the computer will open the boreholes located upstream of the open intake valve whose temperature is between the temperature of the stale air and 13 ° C, these drillings will be cooled . If the stale air has a temperature above 13 ° C it will open the last drill whose temperature is lower, this drilling will be warmed. A thermal probe (e) measures the temperature of the exhaust air leaving the boreholes, the boreholes of stale air whose temperature is lower than or equal to the temperature of the air leaving the borehole will be short-circuited in the cold direction. hot, those whose temperature is greater or equal in the hot-cold sense. If there is a break in the temperature gradient it will be corrected, if several boreholes have the same temperature the unnecessary drilling will be short-circuited which will limit the length of the exhaust air circuit.

The supply of fresh air and the recycling of stale air coming out of the rink will be done on the opposite principle. The installation will also include a shunt line of the fresh air circuit that will refreshing the pool in case of high heat and accumulate a significant amount of heat in the ground, this shunt can be implemented voluntarily. The same shunt will heat the rink in very cold weather and will put in reserve in the ground a significant amount of cold, the shunt can also be implemented on a voluntary basis. Figure 17 shows a view of the boreholes and circuits of fresh air and stale air. (F) cold point drilling, (C) hot spot drilling, (a) fresh air line, (b) stale air line, (the) fresh air supply line to the ice cold unit , (1b) stale air outlet from the rink, (2a) fresh air supply from the pool heat pump, (2b) stale exhaust from the pool, (c) stale air shunt, (d) Fresh air shunt, (e) Fresh air manifold, (f) Exhaust air manifold, (3, 5) Exhaust air shunt opening valves, (4, 6) Air valves opening of the fresh air shunt, (A) fresh air intake valve and exhaust air discharge, (B) valve regulating the intake of fresh air and stale air in each borehole .

Cold point drilling and hot spot drilling do not have a stale air line. Drilling air ducts and thermal probes may be temporarily disconnected from the valves if two holes have a temperature too close, the following drilling will be offset, this will make the temperature gradient homogeneous. The circuit will also have optional peripheral boreholes around the pool and ice rink as shown in Figure A18. As the ground around the pool warms in the spring and summer, the optional rink drills (1, 2, 3,) will be disconnected and replaced by the optional boreholes located on the periphery of the pool (4, 5, 6) in order to avoid warming the ground on the periphery of the rink, the opposite will be done in winter in order to avoid cooling the floor around the pool. It will be useful for the computer system to display the temperature of all boreholes even if some drilling is disconnected, the calculator will ignore the disconnected boreholes. Figures 81 to B48 illustrate the operation of a storage well feeding a sports complex comprising a pool and an ice rink during its first year. The installation is in a temperate region where the soil temperature is 13 ° C. The pool is supplied with air at 30 ° C during the day, at night the temperature is maintained by feeding the pool with air at 20 ° C. The rink is powered day and night with air at -5 ° C. The installation is started in September. The outside temperatures are averages, the computer adapts in real time to the outside temperature, the figures have been modified according to the soil temperature in the various boreholes and the outside temperature by applying the principles stated above. For reasons of understanding the fresh air circuit and the exhaust air circuit are represented head to tail, the pipes and valve parts of the fresh air circuit are at the top of the figures, the pipes and the parts of the valves from the foul air circuit below, the ground is at the center of the figures. Optional drilling is not shown. September: the soil temperature is 13 ° C Day: The outside temperature is 23 ° C Pool (Figure 81) The air temperature is higher than the temperature of the hot spot, fresh air is admitted between the borehole 9 (hot spot) and the pool. The heat pump warms the air to 30 ° C, the air cools in the pool at 26 ° C and supplies the heat pump as a source of calories. The stale air is rejected at 19 ° C, its temperature is lower than the outside temperature, it borrows the stale air shunt. Its temperature is higher than 13 ° C, the computer opens the last borehole whose temperature is lower, the borehole 8 (F8), the exhaust air cools to 13 ° C, it leaves the installation by the valve of admission of fresh air and exhaust air foul open between F9 and the pool. Rink (Figure B2) The air cools to 13 ° C at F9 its temperature is measured in the connecting pipe between F9 and F8 and the holes F to F8 are short-circuited. In the rink the air is cooled to -5 ° C by the cold group, it warms to -1 ° C is used as a source of frigories by the cold group, its temperature rises to 17 ° C. Its temperature is lower than the outside temperature, so it is sent to the cold end of the stale air circuit. Its temperature is above 13 ° C, the computer controls the opening of the last borehole whose temperature is lower, the borehole 8 (F8) air is rejected by the installation at 13 ° C.

Night: The outside temperature is 13 ° C Pool (Figure B3) The air temperature is equal to the temperature of the hot spot (FO), the air is admitted between F9 and the pool. It is heated to 20 ° C by the heat pump. Stale air at 16 ° C is used as a source of calories and exhaust air is released at 9 ° C. Its temperature is below the outside temperature, so it is returned via the shunt to the cold end. Its temperature is below 13 ° C, the computer controls the opening of boreholes whose temperature is between 9 and 13 ° C, air is admitted in the borehole 2 (F2) its temperature rises to 13 ° C, it is measured between F2 and F3 and the computer controls the closing of the drillings at 13 ° C boreholes F3 to F8.

Ice rink (Figure B4) The outside temperature is equal to the temperature of the cold spot, the computer opens the intake valve located between the ice rink and Fi. The air is cooled to -5 ° C. It heats up to 0 ° C the stale air leaves at 18 ° C of the cold unit, its temperature is higher than the outside temperature, it is returned via the shunt to the hot end of the circuit. Its temperature is above 13 ° C, the computer controls the opening of boreholes whose temperature is between 13 and 18 ° C, air is admitted in F8 where it cools to 13 ° C, its temperature is measured between F8 and F7 and drilling F2 to F7 are short-circuited. Stale air is discharged from the installation at 13 ° C. October: The intake of hot outside air and stale air warmed up the hot end of the F7 circuit at 15 ° C, F8 at 17 ° C, F9 at 20 ° C. Day: the outside temperature is 17 ° C Pool (Figure B5) The air is admitted between F7 and F8 whose temperature is equal, F8 is short-circuited. The air heats up to 20 ° C in F9. It is heated to 30 ° C by the heat pump, cools to 26 ° C in the pool, used as a source of calories it cools to 16 ° C, stale air has a temperature below the outside temperature it pass via the shunt at the cold end of the circuit. Its temperature is above 13 ° C, the computer opens the last borehole whose temperature is lower, the air is rejected from F7 at 15 ° C.

Rink (Figure B6) The air cools down to 13 ° C in F6, stale air is rejected by the rink at 18 ° C, it borrows the shunt, its temperature is above 13 ° C and the computer opens the only drilling upstream of the open valve whose temperature is between 13 and 18 ° C, drilling F8. Stale air is released at 17 ° C.

Night: The outside temperature is 7 ° C Pool (Figure B7) The temperature is below the temperature of the cold deck, the computer opens the valve located between the rink and Fi, the air heats up to 13 ° C in Fi, at 15 ° C at F7, at 17 ° C at F8, and at 20 ° C at F9. The pool is heated by simple ventilation. The stale air at 16 ° C is sent to the hot end of the circuit, it is cooled to 15 ° C at F7, and at 13 ° C at F6, its temperature is measured at the outlet of F6 and the drilling F2 at F5 are short-circuited, the stale air is rejected from the circuit by the inlet valve open between the ice rink and Fi.

Ice rink (Figure B8) The stale air released by the ice rink is at 13 ° C, it borrows the shunt, the set of stale air holes are short-circuited.

November: Fi has cooled to 10 ° C, F8 to 15 ° C and F9 to 17 ° C Day: The outdoor temperature is 12 ° C Pool (Figure B9) The circuit opens between Fi and F2, the air heats up to 13 ° C in F2, its temperature is measured between F2 and F3 and the drillings F3 to F7 are short-circuited. It heats up to 15 ° C in F8 and 17 ° C in F9. The stale air is rejected by the pool at 13 ° C, it is sent to the hot end of the circuit, all the holes are short-circuited because the air is at 13 ° C. Ice rink (Figure B10) The air is cooled to 10 ° C in Fi, the stale air is at 15 ° C, it is sent via the shunt at the hot end, the computer opens the boreholes whose temperature is between 13 and 15 ° C, the air cools to 13 ° C in F7, its temperature is measured between F7 and F6 and the computer bypasses drilling F1 to F6.

Night: The outside temperature is 2 ° C Pool (Figure B11) The air temperature is lower than the temperature of the cold point, the air is admitted by the valve located between the ice rink and Fi. It heats up to 10 ° C in F to 13 ° C in F2, its temperature is measured and the drillings F3 to F7 are short-circuited, it is warmed to 15 ° C then to 17 ° C in F8 and F9, stale air at 13 ° C is rejected, all the drilling is short-circuited.

Ice rink (Figure B12) The stale air released by the rink is at 7 ° C, it borrows the shunt, its temperature is below 13 ° C and the computer opens the last drill whose temperature is higher, drilling F2, L stale air is released at 13 ° C. December: Fl cooled to 7 ° C, F2 at 10 ° C, F8 at 13 ° C and F9 at 15 ° C.

Day: The outside temperature is 5 ° C Pool (Figure B13) The air is admitted between the rink and Fi, it warms to 13 ° C between F1 and F3, F4 to F8 are short-circuited, it warms up to 15 ° C to F9. The stale air comes out at 11 ° C, it cools the last hole whose temperature is higher, the drilling F3, the air is rejected at 13 ° C Rink (Figure B14) The stale air is at 10 ° C it is warms to 13 ° C in F3, F3 is cooled.

Night: The outside temperature is -5 ° C Pool (Figure B15) Air is admitted between the rink and Fi, the air warms up to 15 ° C through Fi, F2, F3 and F9. Stale air is discharged at 11 ° C and cooled F3. Ice rink (Figure B16) The ice rink does not need to be cooled, the ventilation evacuates heat accumulated during the day. The stale air borrows the shunt and cools F2, the ventilation can be maintained to constitute a reserve of cold. January: Fi is at 3 ° C, F2 at 5 ° C, F3 at 7 ° C and F4 at 10 ° C, there is no more heat reserve because F9 is at 13 ° C. Day: The outside temperature is 0 ° C Pool (Figure B17) and ice rink (Figure B18) Facilities operate on the principles outlined above. Night: The outside temperature is -10 ° C Pool (Figure B19) Skating Rink (Figure 820) The fresh air shunt circuit is used to build up a reserve of cold, air is admitted between the rink and Fi, l opening of the shunt reverses the flow in the fresh air circuit, the air enters at -10 ° C in Fi and leaves at 0 ° C, it borrows the shunt and ventilates the rink, it cools to -7 ° C , borrows the stale air shunt and cools F2, when Fi and F2 will be sufficiently cooled the fresh air can be admitted in F2 and the stale air in F3. A large amount of cold can be put in reserve, The setting aside will be all the more profitable as the hot season will be close.

Figures B21 to 340: The outside air heats up at the end of winter, in spring then in summer, the cold stored in winter is returned.

Figure B41: The fresh air shunt is used to cool the pool, air is admitted at 30 ° C in F9, cools down to 20 ° C is sent to the pool where it warms to 30 ° C for be returned by the stale air shunt into the F8 borehole, a considerable amount of heat is stored in the ground. The mechanism can be implemented when the pool warms up beyond the tolerable limits by greenhouse effect, the computer system that manages the well will have a specific program that will trigger when the pool will passively heat up beyond acceptable temperatures. Figure B45: The stale air shunt is again implemented. Figures B46 to 348, The heat reserves increase and the cold reserves decrease, the well will approach its second autumn with a reserve of heat. The fate of the stale air is not approached, its temperature will generally be close to the temperature of the soil (13 ° C), the installation could have a recreational area attached to the pool and open in the summer. The recreational area would be maintained freezing winter and could be planted. The rink could also have a recreational area open in the winter that would be cooled in the summer. Stale air would simply be sent to the recreational area of the pool when its temperature is higher than the outside air temperature and to the recreational area attached to the rink when its temperature is below the temperature of the pool. outside air when these facilities are closed. This device would allow the swimming pool to maintain a soil temperature above 13 ° C below the recreational area of the ice rink at a temperature below 13 ° C.

Pool and rink could have a double enclosure, outdoor enclosures including recreation areas, which would isolate the pool and rink from the outside air, optional drilling could be under the recreation areas. Conclusion: The energy consumption is a considerable stake, the Houses represent 50% of the consumption in the developed countries and the essential thing is due to the heating in winter. In all climates the dwellings have refrigeration needs (refrigerator, freezer) which are also energy intensive and in hot regions the houses must be air-conditioned in summer, which is not without problems in the cities where the use of air conditioners further increases the outside temperature. Many facilities have refrigeration needs (refrigeration plants, food halls, slaughterhouses, auctions, poultry farms, offices, data centers ...), they are often close to installations with heating needs (agricultural greenhouses, homes, offices, commercial areas ...), often the same facilities need refrigeration in summer and heating in winter and in all cases heating needs are increased in winter and refrigeration needs increased in summer. The storage well by placing the heat and cold in the ground passively and by returning the heat and cold stored will save considerable energy.

Claims (7)

CLAIMS1) The accumulation well is a device derived from the Canadian well intended to supply one or more installations having both heating needs and refrigeration requirements characterized in that it transforms the soil into accumulator of heat and cold. The production of heat causes a passive accumulation of cold in the soil around a point called cold point, the production of cold causes the passive accumulation of heat in the soil around a point called hot point, the circulation of the air in the soil generates an increasing gradient of temperatures between the cold spot and the hot spot. It comprises a buried network consisting of one or more air ducts having at one end the cold spot and at the other end the hot spot. The passive accumulation of cold in the soil at the cold spot and the passive heat accumulation in the soil at the hot spot result from the fact that the air circulation in the soil is from the cold point to the hot spot when there is heat generation and conversely from the hot point to the cold point when there is cold production (Fig A2). 2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the buried network may be composed of one or more buried horizontal pipes, a succession of vertical drilling or an alternation of buried horizontal pipes and vertical drilling (Fig. A7). 3) Device according to claim 1 and claim 2 characterized in that the network is placed in a spiral shape around the cold point and the hot spot when consists of one or more buried horizontal pipes (Fig A8). When constituted by vertical drilling these are placed on concentric circles around the cold point and the hot spot while framing the cold point and the hot spot, the air flows from drilling to drilling away from the cold point. then approaching the hot spot when there is heat generation and vice versa when there is cold production (Fig A10). 30 4) Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the buried network may comprise a plurality of pipes each having a single suction mouth, the ducts supplying the heating system have their suction mouth at the cold point and their termination at the hot spot. The line (s) supplying the refrigeration plant (s) have their suction mouth at the hot point and their termination at the cold point. The line (s) supplying the heating system (s) and the line (s) supplying the refrigeration unit (s) are placed close to each other (Fig. A2). 5) Device according to claim 1, claim 2 and claim 3 characterized in that it may comprise one or more pipes carrying a plurality of suction mouths whose opening is controlled by a computer informed by temperature probes temperature outside air, ground temperature at the cold spot, ground temperature at the hot spot, and ground temperature at different levels of the buried network (Figure A7). The computer controls on each pipe the opening of a suction mouth located at the hot spot if the outside temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature of the ground at the hot spot, the opening of a mouth of at the cold spot if the outside temperature is less than or equal to the ground temperature at the cold spot, the opening of a suction mouth located between the cold spot and the hot spot if the outside temperature is between the soil temperature at the cold spot and the soil temperature at the hot spot. The computer then controls the opening of a suction mouth located at the pipe where the soil temperature is closest to the outside temperature when the well is composed of one or more buried horizontal pipes. When the well is composed of a succession of vertical drillings the computer controls the opening of the suction mouth located between the borehole at which the soil temperature is lower than the external temperature and the borehole at which the temperature of the soil is greater than or equal to the outside temperature (Fig A6). 6) Device according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 and claim 5 characterized in that when the network is composedofvertical drilling, valves controlled by the computer allow short-circuit distal drilling and feed the installations by air at a temperature between the soil temperature at the cold point and the soil temperature at the hot point (Fig. A16-1). 7) Device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the exhaust air from the heating and cooling systems can be directed to the well and participate in maintaining the temperature gradient between the cold spot and the hot spot by circulating in the soil in a parallel circuit of stale air. In a well 10 consisting of vertical holes, each bore includes both an outside air line and a stale air line, the same four-position valve allows to open or short-circuit both the line and the line. outside air and exhaust air duct (Fig. A16-1 and 2 and Fig. B1 to B48).