FR3012507A1 - ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING OPENINGS - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application is directed to an electromechanical device (1) for opening and closing a leaf (100), which comprises at least one kinematic chain composed of a geared motor (2) comprising a motor (21) and a gearbox (22). at the output of the motor (21), a screw (31) driven in rotation by the geared motor (2), a nut (32) mounted on the screw (31) and in translation on the screw (31) when the it is in rotation, a transmission element (4) driven by the nut (32), and a wheel (5) driven by the transmission element (4). The present application also relates to a wing provided with such a device and an opening comprising such a leaf.

Description

The present invention relates to an automatic system for opening and closing of opening, including casement in the building field. The term "opening" here means any opening equipped with a leaf, that is to say a member movable by rotation about an axis relative to a doorframe by means of a hinge or hinge system for example . Among other things, this category of shutters includes swing shutters, swinging or gates, swing gates or windows. Such a "beating" is often referred to as "leaf". Here is meant by "doorframe" any fixed structure on which the leaf is mounted in rotation by means of a hinge or hinge. This is for example a frame, a support and / or a table of a window, or an amount of a gate or a door, or a wall, for example, pens. It is known traditionally motorized systems arm or roller for opening or closing automatic opening. Other systems offer a motor more or less direct 20 at the axis of rotation of the wing by acting directly on it by a mechanical connecting element. For example, document EP 1 944 445 is known which uses an endless screw meshing directly a pinion disposed on the axis of rotation of the leaf. Also known for example is document FR 2 928 169 which discloses an automated device for opening and closing flaps according to which the device comprising a motor, sprockets and a conical return is inserted in a hinge. The proposed kinematic chain is a three-stage gear train. Such a device has the advantage of being able to dispense with important work at the doorframe since the device can be mounted on the flap itself and adapt to existing hinges. Such a device also makes it possible to dissociate the movements of the wings when the opening comprises two leaves since it is possible to have a device by flapping. However, a motion transformation system as described in this document has some disadvantages, namely in particular, a limitation of the transmitted torque causing operation of the device to the limits of its mechanical capabilities in some cases, particularly at the hinge, d where a high risk of breakage or a limited life span, as well as a difficulty of adjustment during installation to ensure that a necessary orthogonality is maintained between the axis delivering the movement and the axis of rotation of the opening.

The present invention aims to remedy at least in part the aforementioned drawbacks, and to provide a more robust device and / or more powerful, and adaptable to any type of leaf. The present invention also aims to ensure, optionally automatically under the action of a remote control or a remote control, opening and closing of the opening without manual intervention. The invention relates in particular to an electromechanical device whose function is to actuate the movement of the leaf. For this purpose, according to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an electromechanical device for opening and closing a leaf, the device comprising a support, or a plate, and a motor, characterized in that the device comprises at least one kinematic chain consisting of a geared motor comprising the motor and a reducer at the output of the motor, a screw driven in rotation by the geared motor, a nut mounted on the screw and in translation on the screw when the latter is rotated, a transmission element driven by the nut, and a wheel driven by the transmission element. The device is thus mainly composed of a geared motor (motor and reducer), a screw and a nut, a transmission element of the movement, and a wheel (such as a pulley or an equivalent) intended for to be secured to a hinge of a doorframe and fixed relative thereto. The transmission element of the movement is for example consisting of a cable, a belt, a chain, a rope, or any equivalent element. According to an exemplary embodiment, the transmission element is integral with the nut, also referred to herein as a carriage, i.e. a member movable in translation on the rotating screw. The transmission element thus induces a rotation of the wheel intended to be integral with the hinge and locked in rotation relative thereto. A wheel, for example a pulley, a pinion or a gear wheel, or any circular element comprising a rim with which the transmission element cooperates is denoted by wheel. Thus, the gear motor animates the screw. The rotation of the screw causes a translation of the nut which drives the transmission element to move back and forth, the transmission element and the nut being connected to one another. The transmission element in motion in turn causes a rotation of the wheel intended to cooperate with a hinge of a doorframe, which allows, once the device mounted on a leaf, to open or close the door.

In some embodiments, the screw and the nut comprise for example a screw-to-ball, which allows to take greater efforts by means of balls located in the thread between the nut and the screw . A screw-ball also allows better friction management and better reversibility of movement.

For the rotation of the screw, however, it is necessary to reduce the rotation speed at the output of the motor, and increase the torque in steady state. For this, a geared motor with a suitable reduction ratio is necessary. The gearbox is preferably of constant ratio, and this ratio is for example chosen according to the application for which the device is intended. Such a device thus has a better torque, a greater power, a better mechanical strength, or a better robustness than the previous systems, and makes it possible to induce a reversibility of the system easier.

Such a device thus proposes to introduce between the screw and the wheel intended to be fixed to the hinge, a nut and a transmission element. This brings in particular the advantage of having a more robust device 3012 507 4 and more ergonomic for example, because the kinematic chain of a device according to the invention is for example in an elongated form which allows to integrate more easily the device in a hinge for example. This constitutes, for example, a fundamental distinction with respect to EP 1 944 445. Such a device according to the invention can thus be applied and adapted to any leaf, dispensing a user with a manual operation. Such a device is thus accommodable as well for a new installation as for a modernization or renovation of an existing opening since it is attached to the leaf. This is also for example useful for a person with reduced mobility who could for example equip doors, both an interior door such as a bedroom door that an outer door such as a door, his home, a home. apartment or house. The idea of using a screw-nut system, or a screw-ball, however, initially appeared contrintuitive. Indeed, the initial problem being to cause a rotation of the flap around an axis, generally vertical, relative to a corresponding doorframe, it could seem counterproductive to implement a screw-nut system (or vis-à-marbles) which makes it possible to transform a rotation (that of the screw) into a translation (that of the nut). In addition, the screw gave a priori an idea of limit in clearance which was not the case for a pinion, as used in the device described in document FR 2 928 169. A solution consisting in integrating a screw-nut system is however very interesting, especially in terms of compactness and geometry of the device, torque transmitted, efficiency (almost zero friction), mounting, reversibility. It also makes it possible to avoid several axes of rotation which must be machined with precision, and with complicated alignments and orthogonal geometrical constraints to be respected, and therefore at high risk of design and assembly error. In addition, the screw-nut system involves fewer components, and as such, is easier to perform and has greater reliability.

The device also includes for example a housing in which is positioned the kinematic chain of the device. In other words, all the components of the device are then arranged in a box. Or for example, the housing can cooperate with the support to form a closed assembly.

The housing thus forms a housing, for example in the form of a hinge to be discreetly and aesthetically integrated on a leaf. Such a housing makes it possible to protect the various components, in particular from bad weather if the device is intended to be mounted outside on a leaf. The case is then preferably waterproof.

Depending on the envisaged markets, such as large and medium-sized distribution or direct sales to private individuals, the case and the material of which it is made are adapted to present several types of finish and to constitute a range of products. For example, for large and medium distribution, the case is for example manufactured using a resin such as ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), and for direct sale to individuals, the case is for example made of zamac, it is that is to say an alloy of zinc, aluminum and magnesium and sometimes copper which has the particular advantage of being able to be personalized in terms of color, thus allowing an aesthetic adaptation to the different leaves possible.

Such a device is thus not only compact, but also easy to install. The device further comprises, for example, a stop, to limit the travel of the nut which governs the opening and closing movements of the leaf to which the device is dedicated. Such a stop is for example formed in the housing. It is optionally in the form of a stop provided with an electromechanical contact to allow to cut the power of the engine in some cases. To make the device more compact and easily integrable, the kinematic chain is for example arranged substantially rectilinear, i.e. the geared motor, the screw driven by the geared motor, and the wheel are aligned as possible. And for example, the transmission element circulates all around the kinematic chain by taking firstly support on the wheel, and 3012 507 6 on the other hand on a rotary guiding and returning means, for example a pulley. For example, the wheel and the pulley make it possible to maintain a tension in the transmission element. The electric motor is, for example, a DC motor 5 or an AC motor. In order to minimize the size of the device to make it compatible with a large number of applications, the motor is for example a DC motor, which is particularly suitable. The DC motor overcomes a high resistive torque, and easily absorbs surges of charge. In addition, a DC motor allows miniaturization of the device if necessary. It also has a high performance compared to other technologies. According to a preferred exemplary embodiment, the motor is thus a DC motor, for example under a twenty-four-volt power supply (denoted "24V DC motor"). An AC motor can, however, also be used. According to some advantageous provisions of the invention, the device is disengageable, which secures both the device and its use. Thus, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the device comprises a disengaging system. Optionally, the clutch release system is integrated in the driveline. The disengagement system is for example positioned as close as possible to the motor, for example between the gearmotor and the screw, in order to release the leaf in a case of significant external force that would be applied to it, such as for example a manual opening in case of power failure, a gust of wind, or even a physical obstacle hindering its rotation. Thus, if necessary, the disengaging system interrupts the rotation of the leaf when the torque transmitted to the gear motor exceeds a predetermined limit torque. This torque is, for example, a function of the engine selected and is determined as a function of the surface of the leaf, its weight and the nominal operating conditions. For example, for a swing shutter of 1 m2 (one square meter) and with a wind of 35 km / h, the calculated torque required for the movement at the hinge is about 20 N.m. In case of disengagement, the leaf is completely free of rotation.

The clutch release system is for example a torque limiter. A limit threshold force beyond which damage to a part of the kinematic chain can occur can be detected either mechanically or electronically by monitoring the motor supply current. These means can also coexist because they are complementary and the mechanical detection can be used in ultimate safety. According to an interesting embodiment, the mechanical torque limiter is integrated in the kinematic chain at the output of the gearbox. It then has, for example, a diameter that is compatible with its integration into the device housing and in the kinematic chain, and / or makes it possible to cause uncoupling in the kinematic chain. The torque limiter is for example advantageously a trigger torque limiter, crossing the threshold then causes uncoupling at the limiter and the torque becomes zero. The setting of the threshold is a function of the type of flap controlled by the device, in particular according to its surface and its weight. The detection by electronic monitoring (so-called "monitoring" according to the English terminology) of the motor current is for example carried out by suitable electronic control means. The crossing of the current threshold then for example has the effect of cutting off the power supply of the motor.

Thus, according to an exemplary embodiment, the disengaging system is an autonomous disengaging system, such as, for example, a belt disengagement system. Or according to yet another example, particularly convenient if the transmission element is a cable or a belt, the disengagement system is achieved by bringing the pulley closer to the wheel, which would then have the effect of relaxing the belt. or cable that would no longer drive the wheel.

Regardless of the presence of a disengagement system, it is preferable to be able to prevent the leaf from slamming under the effect of the wind for example, or to be able to lock the leaf in a chosen position, generally in a totally open position or totally closed.

This must, where appropriate, remain possible in parallel with the presence of a disengagement system. Indeed, the geared motor does not ensure in itself the maintenance of a leaf in the open position or closed really irreversible. For this, the device comprises for example a locking system in the open or closed position. The locking system is for example in three parts. A part is for example installed on the wing, and two other parts are for example installed on the doorframe, one for locking in the open position and the other for locking closed position. The presence of a locking system in position makes it possible to limit the risks that, for example, the leaf flaps in the wind, which would cause wear and tear or breakage of the device and the casement itself. -even. The locking system is optionally equipped with a damper pad. The locking system ensures for example the blocking while being off electric so as not to consume electric current at rest and be electrically released by the command opening and closing from a user. For reasons of safety or in case of mains failure, it is thus, for example, able to be triggered manually by the user (action on a lever / release lever or key system for example). The locking system is for example wired or radio controlled. Thus, the locking system is for example electromagnetic, lock off or under voltage. Such a locking system is thus easily compatible with the presence of a disengagement system.

According to a first example, the locking system is an electromagnetic locking system with a suction cup. In a second example, the locking system is an electromagnetic latch locking system.

Finally, it is also possible, for example, to additionally introduce an environmental sensor capable of triggering automatic opening or closing actions in the case of particular conditions, for example an anemometer or solar collectors triggering the automatic closing of the device. beating, or for example in the event of excessive wind (ie exceeding a certain speed) or depending on a certain degree of sunshine. According to another aspect of the invention, a flapper comprising a hinge forming a casing of an electromechanical device for opening and closing a leaf is also provided, the device comprising a support and a motor, characterized in that the device comprises at least one kinematic chain consisting of a geared motor comprising the motor and a gearbox output of the motor, a screw rotated by the geared motor, a nut mounted on the screw and in translation on the screw when the it is in rotation, a transmission element driven by the nut, and a wheel driven by the transmission element.

According to the embodiment envisaged, the device comprises all or part of the characteristics of the device described above. The device is also preferably positioned in the housing in such a way that the wheel has an axis of rotation (d) parallel to an axis of rotation (d ') of the leaf since the wheel is preferably intended to cooperate with a hinge a corresponding doorframe. According to a preferred example of implementation, the present invention also aims at an opening comprising at least one leaf and a doorframe, the leaf comprising a hinge forming a casing of an electromechanical device for opening and closing a leaf, the device comprising a support and a motor, characterized in that the device comprises at least one kinematic chain composed of a geared motor comprising the motor and a gearbox at the output of the motor, a screw driven in rotation by the geared motor, a nut mounted on the screw and in translation on the screw when it is rotating, a transmission element driven by the nut, and a wheel driven by the transmission element. Such a device allows to control only one leaf at a time, without having to simultaneously fasten two leaves when an opening is formed of two leaves. However, it remains possible to synchronize two devices that would be positioned on two different leaves, for example the same leaf. In an application according to which the leaf is a flap, the flap 10 may, for example, be opened or closed without having to open a corresponding window and without having to act directly on it. In an application according to which the leaf is a door, the device is for example provided with a specific remote control system that can be, for example, used by a person moving in a wheelchair 15 to facilitate the opening or closing of the doors. In another example, the device is optionally equipped with a presence detection system automatically triggering the opening or closing of the door when someone approaches the door. For swing gates, this exempts for example the user to 20 maneuver the gate directly. An additional example is that of a motorist who, through a remote control, can command the opening or closing of the gate without leaving his vehicle. According to the embodiment envisaged, the device comprises all or part of the characteristics of the device described above. In addition, such a device has a limited volume and weight and, by the location, limits the induced forces while allowing a movement of the leaf at least 90 ° or 180 ° between its closed position and its open position. compared to the doorframe. According to a preferred example of embodiment, the wheel has an axis of rotation (d) for example parallel, or even coincides with an axis of rotation (d ') of the leaf relative to the door frame, the wheel cooperating with a hinge of the doorframe, and the wheel being fixed in rotation relative to the hinge.

The hinge is for example a specific hinge, optionally on a platen fixed on the doorframe. According to an interesting example, the wheel is a crown and the hinge is provided with a pinion (or toothed wheel) in order to avoid bad positioning in the assembly, which also makes it possible to limit games related to mounting and harmful to the mechanical functioning of the device. According to an exemplary embodiment, the motor is electrically connected by wire connection, a cable passing for example from the housing to the doorframe. According to such an exemplary embodiment, the wired electrical connection is provided by a connector placed on the housing to which is connected a power supply wire, i.e. the cable. The cable is for example intended to be connected to a power supply. The passage of the cable is for example at least partially accessible from the outside for security reasons. According to an embodiment option, the cable passes through the outside of the box leaving visible a visible loop, but this option however presents a risk, although limited, of wear over time, an unsatisfactory aesthetic effect, and exposes more easily the device to any form of vandalism. In addition, there is also a risk of forgetting to make the loop during assembly. According to an interesting example of embodiment, combining, for example, certain characteristics presented above, the motor is electrically connected by a cable connected to a connector placed in the housing of the device, the cable being furthermore brought to the doorframe by a hole machined in the hinge. of the doorframe. This allows the cable to be subsequently connected to a power supply. The cable then passes through the inside of the housing to exit through the hinge of the doorframe. Such an assembly is more secure, more aesthetic, but there may however be a risk of wear of the cable related to its torsion within the housing. According to yet another advantageous embodiment for the motor power supply, this can be ensured by conduction of the current by metal elements of the device and by friction at the level of the wheel intended to ensure the movement of the leaf. This embodiment makes it possible to prevent the positioning of an electric wire in an area that may be subjected to mechanical stresses, for example torsion. In the case where a friction connection is envisaged, the friction 5 is for example made directly to the assembly between the hinge and the housing. This presents the major interest of a very simple assembly and disassembly. The device comprises for example a locking system whose first active or passive part is positioned on the doorframe and the second portion respectively passive or active is positioned on the leaf. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the device comprises a locking system of which an active part is positioned on the door frame and a passive part is positioned on the leaf. Such an arrangement makes it possible to avoid having to manage a passage of cables at the flaps. The term "active part" here means the part of the locking system comprising the elements directly connected to a power supply circuit which allows the blocking off, or the unblocking under voltage, such as for example an active part of a magnet. A complementary portion 20, for example passive or secured, is therefore placed on the side of the wing. The locking system is for example positioned closest to the hinge to be easily triggered manually in case of power failure. For example, the active and passive parts are positioned on either side of the hinge, one on the door frame and the other on the door leaf. The present invention thus offers, for example, the following advantages: An important advantage relates to the arrangement of the device on the leaf. Thus arranged the system limits the genes or constraints compared to other systems with arms or rollers for example. It is also compact and easy to install. Another advantage is that the device is designed to control only one leaf. This makes it possible to cover wider applications comprising the single-leafed openings but also the double-leafed openings by duplication of the device on each of the leaves and, optionally, by introducing a synchronization function between the movements of the two leaves. - Other advantages are related to the mechanical principle adopted for the transmission of the movement to the opening relative to certain systems transmitting the movement to the opening through a set of frustoconical gears for example. For example, as regards the torque transmitted to the wing, it may be greater than that available by a gear system. we thus have a system working far from its limits, and therefore more robust. Moreover, the system is much easier to adjust because gear trains require precise alignment reinforced by the fact that we often transform the rotational movement along an axis into a rotation along a perpendicular axis and that the orthogonality of the two axes must be precisely ensured. Finally, at the level of bulk, the invention has a space-saving character that facilitates its integration on a leaf whatever. It also has characteristics giving the product real aesthetic qualities. The invention, according to an exemplary embodiment, will be well understood and its advantages will appear better on reading the detailed description which follows, given for information only and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended drawings in which: FIG. According to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2a to 2c show the device of FIG. 1, in section, seen from above, and seen from the side. FIG. 3 represents an opening provided with a device according to a embodiment of the invention, and Figure 4 shows a plate supporting a hinge adapted to receive a wing provided with a device according to one embodiment of the invention. The identical elements shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are identified by identical reference numerals.

A device 1, as shown in FIG. 1, is an electromechanical device for opening and closing a leaf which here comprises a kinematic chain formed of a geared motor 2, comprising a motor 21 and a gearbox 22 at the output of the motor 21, a screw-nut system 3, driven by the motor 21 through the gearbox 22, comprising a screw 31 and a nut 32 (also called carriage) in translation on the screw 31 when it is in rotation, a transmission element 4, here composed of a cable, driven by the nut 32 through a nut-cable connection element 33 comprising an arm 36, and a wheel 5, driven by the element transmission 4, having an axis of rotation (d). In the present exemplary embodiment, the kinematic chain 20 further comprises a torque limiter 6, of the tripping type, acting as a disengaging system, located between the geared motor 2 (ie at the output of the gearbox 22) and the screw 31. The entire kinematic chain is here positioned on a support 70 and is held there by a rigid junction piece 71 here composed of an annular portion 72 and a foot 73. Finally, the kinematic chain further comprises here a guide pulley 8 of the transmission element 4, located behind the geared motor 2, allowing said transmission element 4 to circulate all around the kinematic chain. In the present exemplary embodiment, the geared motor 2 is positioned on the side of the guide pulley 8, but according to another embodiment not shown, it could equally well be positioned towards the wheel 5.

For the circulation of the transmission element 4, the wheel 5, which is here a pulley, and the guide pulley 8 are fixed on the support 70 and are rotatable relative thereto. The wheel 5 has a groove 51 and the guide pulley 8 has a groove 81 which hold and guide the transmission element 4. The nut-cable connection element 33 is here formed of a first annular portion 34 for fixing it on the nut 32 and a second part 35 comprising at least the arm 36 by which is fixed and secured the transmission element 4. The arm 36 is here shaped so that the transmission element 4 (which is here a cable but which could be a belt or any element providing a similar function) connects the wheel 5 and the guide pulley 8 constituting a loop. For example, the wheel 5 and the guide pulley 8 have diameters such that the transmission element 4 circulates near an edge 70a of the support 70. In addition, there is preferably a clearance 74 (FIG. nut-cable connection member 33, fixed on the nut 32 which guides it, and the support 70 to avoid any friction that could stop the mechanism or produce wear parts. In general, an axis of the guide pulley 8 and the axis (d) of the wheel 5 could be inclined with respect to one another so that the loop formed by the transmission element 4 would present a spin without this affecting the quality of the transmission of movement in the driveline. This would make it possible, for example, to directly apply the support 70 parallel to a leaf 100, and for example a casing could be formed only of a cover cooperating with the support 70.

Furthermore, the foot 73 of the rigid junction piece 71 is here narrowed relative to the annular portion 72 to let the transmission element 4 by avoiding any contact that could cause friction and therefore damage, wear parts . The kinematic chain further comprises here ball bearings 75, 76, 77 which contribute to the positioning of the screw 31 in a housing 7 (visible in FIG. 3) which comprises the support 70 and a cover 70 '(visible in FIG. 3).

As shown in Figure 3, the housing 7 is preferably a hinge shape to make the device more aesthetic and as discreet as possible when it is installed on a leaf. The embodiment of Figure 3 shows an opening 5 comprising at least one leaf 100 (here two doors forming a portal) and a doorframe 200, which is for example here a wall. In general, a leaf 100 is fixed to a doorframe 200 by a hinge-type hinge or hinge fastening device 9. The door 100 comprises a hinge which forms the casing 7 of an electromechanical device 1. opening and closing of a leaf as described above, for example as that illustrated in FIG. 1. When a device 1 is mounted on a leaf 100, the wheel 5 is assembled to a hinge 90 of a hinge 9. The hinge 90 is optionally externally provided with teeth (not shown) and the wheel 5 is optionally internally provided with teeth (not shown) to ensure a better connection between them. Alternatively, the wheel 5 and the hinge 90 are assembled via a pin inserted in a hole 52 of the wheel 5 for example (Figure 1). Thus, the axis of rotation (d) of the wheel 5 coincides with a rotation axis (d ') of the leaf relative to the door frame, the axis of rotation (d') being for example an axis of rotation of the door. FIG. 4 illustrates a possible technical solution for electrically connecting the device 1 to a power supply. In the present example, the motor 21 is electrically connected by a cable 300 connected to a connector 301, for example placed in a box 7. According to the example of FIG. 4, the hinge 9 comprises in particular the hinge 90 mounted on a connection 91 and integral with it, itself connected to a plate 92. The hinge 90 here comprises a hole 94 extended by a channel 95, 30 bent, which passes through not only the hinge 90 but also the connector 91 before encountering a second hole 96 facing the plate 92. The plate 92 also includes here channels 93, 93 'for unclogging the cable 300 and for example to connect it to an electronic box 201 fixed on the wall. According to one variant, the plate 92, the coupling 91 and the gong 90 may be made in one piece of aluminum. The channel 95 advantageously has a portion 97 opening from below to promote the evacuation of rainwater for example. The electronic box 201 is for example able to be controlled remotely by a remote control 202, but can also be activated by entering a code on a keypad 203 for example. Thus, the cable 300 is on the one hand connected to the motor 21, runs through the interior of the housing 7, for example by being bonded thereto, then passes through the hinge 90 and the connection 91 through the channel 95, and then the cable is brought to the 200 passing through the plate 92 through one of the channels 93, 93 '. According to the invention, a locking system (not shown), such as an electromagnetic locking system with a suction cup, may also be present, of which an active part is for example positioned on the doorframe 200 and a passive part is for example positioned on the door. 100. In the example of Figure 3, the opening comprising two leaves, a left flap 100g and a right flap 100d, each flap 100g, 100d comprises a corresponding device 1. The devices 1 of each leaf 100g, 100d can advantageously be synchronized by being connected to the same electronic box 201 for example. According to another example not shown, each flap 100g, 100d may also include two devices 1, or more if necessary.

Moreover, in addition to the hinge 9 to which a device 1 is connected, it is preferable that a leaf 100 comprises at least one other hinge 9 ', traditional, to help support the wing 100 and guide its rotation for example. As an illustration in the context of the present exemplary embodiment for a shutter-type flap, the device is advantageously dimensioned by aiming, for example, at a torque output of gond 90 of approximately 20 Nm (Newton meter) and an output speed of gond 90 of about 180 ° / 30 s (degrees per second) or 1 rpm (revolutions per minute) for a shutter-type flap weighing approximately 20-25 kg (kilogram). For reasons of space, a wheel 5 of diameter d = 24 mm (millimeters), or a radius of 0.012 m (meter), is for example chosen. This induces at the spindle 3: A linear stroke of the nut 32 for a half-turn of wheel 5 of about 38 mm (ie pi * radius of the wheel 5, with pi = 3.14159 ), A necessary traction force of 1700 N (20 Nm / 0.012 m).

With a spindle with a diameter of d = 10 mm and a pitch of 2 mm, it is then possible to reach a tensile force of 3000 N, which is substantially greater than the required pulling force. To obtain a traction force of 1700 N with a pitch of 2 mm, the torque C required at the screw is approximately 1.2 Nm, with C = (F * p * S) / (2000 * pi * n) where: F = tensile force = 1700 N, p = screw pitch = 2 mm, S = service factor = 1.5, n = yield = 0.7, pi = 3.14159. To achieve a speed of rotation at the wheel 5 of about 1 rpm, a linear speed of the nut 32 of about 38 mm in 30 seconds (or 76 mm / minute), it is appropriate that the screw 31 rotates about 76 mm / (not the screw) or about 38 rpm for a screw pitch of 2 mm.

The desired performances for the gearbox 22, for example in direct engagement with the screw 31, therefore become: a minimum torque at the output of the gearbox 22 of about 1.2 Nm, a minimum speed of rotation of about 38 rpm, or 4 rad / s (radians per second).

This corresponds to an average power P of about 5 W (Watts) for the motor 21 (with P = C.w = 1.2 * 4 = 4.8 W for example).

By choosing an example of a DC motor 21 with a rotation speed of 3400 rpm and an output torque of 14 mNm (milliwatt meter), a gearbox 22 with a ratio of about 110: 1 is sufficient. The output torque of the gearbox 22 is in effect then approximately 1.54 N.m (14 mN.m * 110) without taking into account possible yield losses which is greater than the minimum required. One of the advantages of choosing such a gear ratio 110: 1 is a possible reduction in the necessary length 37 of the screw 31 and an increase in the reversibility of the operation of the device 1.

Other advantages related to the choice of such an engine reside in its size which is relatively small (a diameter of about 23 mm for example) and in its low power consumption, of the order of 0.23 A (ampere) , requiring no power supply of great power. In another example where the selected engine is running at 6000 rpm, it is preferable to choose a commercially available 198: 1 ratio reducer 22 which is in the desired range (6000/38 rpm) for one step. 2 mm screws and the same 24 mm diameter wheel. Such a gearbox 22 provides an output torque of about 2.2 Nm (0.0011 mN.m * 198), well above the minimum required and for a small footprint (a diameter of about 27 mm). There are still more powerful geared motors (motor and gearbox) in diameters of less than 32 mm (to keep a small footprint) to increase the torque at the flap considered. A geared motor type "24V / 0091" for example delivers a torque of 2.2 Nm for an output speed of 45 rpm. Thus with such a geared motor, the traction force delivered is about 3200 N or a torque of 38 N.m approximately at the wing. This geared motor allows for example to open a leaf in twenty-five seconds (38 mm / (45 tr * no screws) * 60 s). Additional studies have shown that such a torque of 38 Nm 30 at the gond 90 would allow the opening of a leaf of: - 1.20x0.60 m by a wind of 55 km / h (kilometer per hour), - 1.80x0.60 m with a wind of 45 km / h, - 2.30x0.60 m with a wind of 35 km / h. Regarding the disengagement, the device 1 preferably includes a disengagement system as close as possible to the engine 21 to release the leaf in case of significant external force (manual opening in case of power failure, gust of wind ...). The rotation is preferably interrupted when the torque transmitted to the gearmotor exceeds the defined limit torque, for example 20 N.m. The torque limiter 6 preferably has a bulk, i.e. a diameter, less than about 32 mm. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the examples given in the foregoing description, but extends to any variation within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Electromechanical device (1) for automatically opening and closing a leaf (100), the device (1) comprising a support (70) and a motor (21), characterized in that the device (1) comprises at least one kinematic chain consisting of a geared motor (2) comprising the motor (21) and a gearbox (22) at the output of the motor (21), a screw (31) driven in rotation by the geared motor (2), a nut (32) mounted on the screw (31) and in translation on the screw (31) when it is rotating, a transmission element (4) driven by the nut (32), and a wheel (5) driven by the transmission element (4). 2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a disengaging system (6) integrated in the kinematic chain. 3. Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the clutch system (6) is a torque limiter. 4. Device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the torque limiter is a tripping torque limiter. 5. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a locking system in the open or closed position. 6. Device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking system is an electromagnetic locking system with suction pad. 7. Wing (100) comprising a hinge forming a housing (7) of an electromechanical device (1) for opening and closing a leaf (100), the device (1) comprising a support (70) and an engine (21), characterized in that the device (1) comprises at least one kinematic chain consisting of a geared motor (2) comprising the motor (21) and a gearbox (22) at the output of the motor (21), a screw (31) driven in rotation by the gearmotor (2), a nut (32) mounted on the screw (31) and in translation on the screw (31) when it is rotating, an element of transmission (4) driven by the nut (32), and a wheel (5) driven by the transmission element (4). 8. Opening comprising at least one leaf (100) and a doorframe (200), the leaf (100) comprising a hinge forming a housing (7) of an electromechanical device (1) for opening and closing a leaf ( 100), the device (1) comprising a support (70) and a motor (21), characterized in that the device (1) comprises at least one kinematic chain composed of a geared motor (2) comprising the motor (21) and a gearbox (22) at the output of the motor (21), a screw (31) driven in rotation by the geared motor (2), a nut (32) mounted on the screw (31) and in translation on the screw (31) when it is rotating, a transmission element (4) driven by the nut (32), and a wheel (5) driven by the transmission element (4). 9. Opening according to claim 8, characterized in that the wheel (5) has an axis of rotation (d) coincides with an axis of rotation (d ') of the leaf (100) relative to the doorframe (200), the wheel (5) cooperating with a hinge (90) of the doorframe (200) and the wheel (5) being fixed in rotation relative to the hinge (90). 10. Opening according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the motor (21) is electrically connected by a cable (300) connected to a connector (301) placed in the housing (7), the cable ( 300) being further brought to the door frame (200) by a hole (94) machined in the door frame hinge (90).