FR3009958A1 - COSMETIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE ACRYLIC AND / OR METHACRYLIC THICKENING POLYMER, AT LEAST ONE FIXING POLYMER AND AT LEAST ONE ANTI-FALL HAIRING AGENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cosmetic composition for keratinous fibers comprising (i) one or more thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units, (ii) one or more fixing polymers different from the polymers (i), and (iii) a or several anti-hair loss agents. The invention also relates to the use of the hair styling composition. The invention also relates to the use of the composition for preventing or reducing hair loss. Finally, the invention relates to a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous fibers.

Description

Cosmetic composition comprising at least one acrylic and / or methacrylic thickening polymer, at least one fixing polymer and at least one anti-hair loss agent The invention relates to a cosmetic composition for keratinous fibers comprising, (i) one or more thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units, (ii) one or more fixing polymers different from the polymers (i), and (iii) one or more anti-hair loss agents. The invention also relates to the use of this composition for styling the hair. The invention also relates to the use of this composition for preventing or reducing hair loss. Finally, the invention relates to a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous fibers, preferably hair, comprising the application to the keratinous fibers of this composition. In the field of styling, in particular among hair products intended for shaping and / or maintaining the hairstyle, the hair compositions generally consist of an alcoholic or aqueous solution and one or more fixing polymers mixed with various cosmetic adjuvants. These compositions can be in the form of gels or hair mousse which are generally applied to wet hair before blow drying or drying.

In particular, the hair gels consist in particular of one or more thickening polymers or gelling agents in combination with one or more fixing polymers which most often have the function of forming a film on the surface of the keratin fibers to be fixed.

The styling gels present on the market are intended primarily for shaping without, however, providing special treatment on both the hair and the scalp.

The mechanical action of shaping the hair, especially if this shaping is accompanied by a heat treatment can lead to hair embrittlement. Hair loss is a phenomenon that affects men as well as women and that can be embarrassing from an aesthetic point of view for some people. Anti-hair loss products are often specific products such as lotions to be applied in more or less long treatments.

The complexification of the galenic forms of these anti-drop compositions and in particular the use of thickened formulas may furthermore affect their effectiveness. These treatments are not otherwise suitable for cosmetic action on the hair daily or in the long term.

In addition, for practical and economic reasons, there is a strong demand from consumers for "two-in-one" products that fulfill both a styling and a caring function. Indeed, the use of these products saves time and storage. They allow more, not to multiply the number of products and the number of steps to perform to devote to hair care on a daily basis. Thus, there is a need for novel hair styling gel compositions for the effective combination of hair styling and anti-hair loss treatments. The Applicant has now surprisingly discovered that the combination of a particular thickening polymer comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units, a fixing polymer and an anti-hair loss agent made it possible to meet the above-mentioned problems. above mentioned in a particularly effective and satisfactory manner. The subject of the invention is therefore a cosmetic composition for keratinous fibers, comprising (i) one or more thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units, (ii) one or more fixing polymers different from the polymers (i), and (iii) one or more anti-hair loss agents. The composition according to the invention has excellent properties of use. In particular, it is distributed easily and uniformly over the hair, ensuring a good distribution on the hair and scalp or anti-fall agents. The composition according to the invention also makes it possible to fix the hair effectively and durably, thus leading to particularly satisfactory shaping and / or holding of the hairstyle. The treated hair is soft and not sticky. It does not leave large quantities of residues after washing or mechanical elimination. In addition, the composition according to the invention has very good anti-hair loss properties. Indeed, it helps stabilize hair loss and maintain a correct hair density, but also prevent hair loss. The invention also relates to the use of this composition for styling hair.

The invention also relates to the use of this composition for preventing or reducing hair loss. Finally, the subject of the invention is a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous fibers, preferably hair, comprising the application to the keratinous fibers of this composition. Other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the invention will appear even more clearly on reading the description and the example which follows. In what follows, and unless otherwise indicated, the boundaries of a domain of values are included in this field, especially in the expressions "between" and "from ... to". Moreover, the expression "at least one" used in the present description is equivalent to the expression "one or more".

The composition according to the invention comprises one or more thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units. By polymer comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units, is meant in the sense of the present invention a polymer resulting from the polymerization of one or more monomers including one or more monomers of structure (I): I-12C COR2 (I) R1 designating a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl radical, R2 denoting a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl radical, an NR3R4 radical or a linear or branched C1-C30 alkoxy radical; , optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl radicals, with a quaternary ammonium radical, R3 and R4 denote a hydrogen atom, a C1-C10 alkyl radical which is optionally oxyalkylenated, the alkyl radical may comprise a sulphonic group.

Preferably, R 1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "thickening polymer" means a polymer capable of increasing the viscosity of the medium by at least 50 centipoise at 25 ° C. and at a shear rate of 1 s -1. Preferably, the solution obtained by dissolving the 1% by weight thickening polymer in water or in a 50/50 by weight water / alcohol mixture has a viscosity at 25 ° C and a shear rate of 1 s-1. greater than 100 centipoise. These viscosities can be measured using, in particular, viscometers or rheometers with plane cone geometry. Thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units may be chosen from: (a) acrylic associative thickeners; (b) crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymers; (c) crosslinked copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and (C 1 -C 6) alkyl acrylate; (d) nonionic homopolymers and copolymers containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers of ester and / or amide type; (e) homopolymers of ammonium acrylate or copolymers of ammonium acrylate and acrylamide; (f) homopolymers and copolymers of (meth) acrylamido (C 1 -C 4) alkyl sulfonic acids; (g) homopolymers and copolymers of cross-linked methacryloyl (C1-C4) alkyl tri (C1-C4) alkylammonium. The thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units may preferably be chosen from acrylic associative thickeners. By "associative thickener" is meant according to the invention, an amphiphilic thickener comprising both hydrophilic units and hydrophobic units in particular comprising at least one C8-C30 fatty chain and at least one hydrophilic unit.

As associative acrylic thickeners that may be used in the composition according to the invention, mention may be made of acrylic associative polymers chosen from: (i) nonionic amphiphilic polymers comprising at least one fatty chain and at least one hydrophilic unit; (ii) anionic amphiphilic polymers comprising at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one fatty chain unit; (iii) cationic amphiphilic polymers comprising at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one fatty chain unit; (iv) amphoteric amphiphilic polymers comprising at least one hydrophilic unit, and at least one fatty chain unit; fatty chains having from 10 to 30 carbon atoms. The nonionic amphiphilic polymers may be preferably chosen from: (1) copolymers of methacrylates or of C 1 -C 6 alkyl acrylates and of amphiphilic monomers comprising at least one fatty chain (for example alkyl acrylates ( C8-C22) oxyethylenated), such as, for example, the methyl methacrylate / oxyethylenated stearyl acrylate copolymer sold by GOLDSCHMIDT under the name ANTIL 208; (2) copolymers of hydrophilic methacrylates or acrylates and of hydrophobic monomers comprising at least one fatty chain (for example (C 8 -C 22) alkyl (meth) acrylates) such as, for example, polyethylene glycol methacrylate / methacrylate copolymer; lauryl. The anionic amphiphilic polymers may be chosen from those comprising at least one hydrophilic unit of the olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid type, and at least one hydrophobic unit of the (C 10 -C 30) alkyl ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid type. They are preferably chosen from those whose hydrophilic unit of olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid type corresponds to the following monomer of formula (II): ## STR2 ## wherein R 3 denotes H or CH 3 or C 2 H 5, that is, denotes acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or ethacrylic acid units and whose hydrophobic unit of the (C 10 -C 30) alkyl ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid type corresponds to the following monomer of formula (III): H 2 C C -C R 5 R 4 Wherein R4 denotes H or CH3 or C2H5 (that is to say acrylate, methacrylate or ethacrylate units) and preferably H (acrylate units) or CH3 (methacrylate units), R5 denotes a C10 alkyl radical; -C30, and preferably C12-C22. (C 10 -C 30) alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids according to the invention include, for example, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, and the corresponding methacrylates, lauryl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, isodecyl methacrylate, and dodecyl methacrylate.

Anionic amphiphilic polymers of this type are for example described and prepared according to US Pat. Nos. 3,915,921 and 4,509,949. The anionic amphiphilic polymers that may be used in the context of the present invention may more particularly denote polymers formed from a monomer mixture comprising: (i) acrylic acid and one or more esters of the following formula (IV): ## STR2 ## wherein R 6 denotes H or CH 3, R 7 denotes a radical alkyl having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and a crosslinking agent, such as for example those consisting of 95 to 60% by weight of acrylic acid (hydrophilic unit), 4 to 40% by weight of alkyl acrylate, C10-C30 (hydrophobic unit), and 0 to 6% by weight of crosslinking polymerizable monomer, or 98 to 96% by weight of acrylic acid (hydrophilic unit), 1 to 4% by weight of C 10 alkyl acrylate -C3o (hydrophobic unit), and 0.1 to 0.6% by weight of reticulan polymerizable monomer t, (ii) essentially acrylic acid and lauryl methacrylate such as that formed from 66% by weight of acrylic acid and 34% by weight of lauryl methacrylate.

Said crosslinking agent is a monomer containing a CH2 = C7 group with at least one other polymerizable group whose unsaturated bonds are non-conjugated with respect to each other. In particular, polyallyl ethers such as polyallylsucrose and polyallylpentaerythritol may be mentioned. Among said polymers above, the products sold by the company Goodrich under the trade names Pemulen TR1, Pemulen TR2 and Carbopol 1382, and even more preferentially Pemulen TR1, and the product sold by the company, are particularly preferred according to the present invention. SEPC company under the name COATEX SX. As fatty-channel anionic amphiphilic polymers, mention may also be made of the methacrylic acid / methyl acrylate / dimethylmetasopropenyl benzyl isocyanate copolymer of ethoxylated alcohol sold under the name VISCOPHOBE DB 1000 by the company Amerchol. Other fatty-channel anionic amphiphilic polymers include those comprising at least one acrylic monomer containing sulphonic group (s), in free form or partially or totally neutralized and comprising at least one hydrophobic part. The hydrophobic part present in the polymers of the invention preferably comprises from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably still from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and more particularly from 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Preferably, the sulphonic polymers according to the invention are partially or completely neutralized with a mineral base (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonia) or an organic base such as mono-, di- or tri-ethanolamine, an aminomethylpropanediol, N methyl glucamine, basic amino acids such as arginine and lysine, and mixtures of these compounds. The amphiphilic sulfonic polymers according to the invention generally have a number-average molecular weight ranging from 1000 to 20,000,000 g / mole, preferably ranging from 20,000 to 5,000,000 g / mole and still more preferably from 100,000 to 1,000,000 g / mole. 500,000 g / mole. The amphiphilic sulfonic polymers according to the invention may be crosslinked or non-crosslinked. Preferably, crosslinked amphiphilic polymers are chosen. When they are crosslinked, the crosslinking agents may be chosen from the olefinic polyunsaturated compounds commonly used for crosslinking the polymers obtained by radical polymerization. Examples that may be mentioned include divinylbenzene, diallyl ether, dipropylene glycol diallyl ether, polyglycol diallyl ethers, triethylene glycol divinyl ether, hydroquinone diallyl ether, ethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (meth) acrylate, trimethylol propane, and the like. triacrylate, methylene-bis-acrylamide, methylene-bis-methacrylamide, triallylamine, triallyl cyanurate, diallyl maleate, tetraallylethylenediamine, tetra-allyloxyethane, trimethylolpropane diallyl ether, allyl (meth) acrylate, allyl ethers of alcohols of the series of sugars, or other allyl- or vinyl-ethers of polyfunctional alcohols, as well as the allylic esters of phosphoric and / or vinylphosphonic acid derivatives, or mixtures of these compounds. Methylene-bis-acrylamide, allyl methacrylate or trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA) will be used more particularly. The degree of crosslinking will generally vary from 0.01 to 10 mol%, and more particularly from 0.2 to 2 mol% relative to the polymer. The acrylic monomers containing sulphonic group (s) are chosen in particular from (meth) acrylamido (CiC22) alkylsulphonic acids, N- (C 1 -C 22) alkyl (meth) acrylamido (C 1 -C 22) alkylsulphonic acids, such as undecyl-acrylamido-methanesulfonic acid and their partially or totally neutralized forms. More preferably, use will be made of (meth) acrylamido (C 1 -C 22) alkylsulphonic acids such as, for example, acrylamido-methanesulfonic acid, acrylamidoethanesulphonic acid, acrylamido-propanesulphonic acid, and acid 2. acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, methacrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-n-butanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2,4,4-trimethylpentanesulfonic acid, 2-methacrylamido-dodecylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2,6-dimethyl-3-heptanesulfonic acid and their partially or completely neutralized forms. More particularly, use will be made of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS®) and its partially or completely neutralized forms. The amphiphilic polymers in accordance with the invention may especially be chosen from amphiphilic random AMPS® polymers modified by reaction with a n-monoalkylamine or a C6-C22 di-n-alkylamine, and such as those described in the application W000 / 31154, the polymers described in this application are part of the content of the present description. These polymers may also contain other hydrophilic ethylenically unsaturated monomers chosen, for example, from (meth) acrylic acids, their substituted alkyl derivatives or their esters obtained with monoalcohols or mono- or polyalkylene glycols, the (meth) acrylamides, vinylpyrrolidone, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid or maleic acid or mixtures thereof. The polymers of the invention may be chosen from amphiphilic copolymers of AMPS® and at least one hydrophobic monomer containing ethylenic unsaturation comprising at least one hydrophobic part having from 8 to 50 carbon atoms, and more preferably from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and more particularly 12 to 18 carbon atoms. These same copolymers may also contain one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers not containing a fatty chain, such as (meth) acrylic acids, their substituted alkyl derivatives or their esters obtained with monoalcohols or mono- or polyalkylene glycols, (meth) acrylamides, vinylpyrrolidone, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid or maleic acid or mixtures thereof. These copolymers are described in particular in the patent application EP-A-750899, the patent US 5089578 and in the following Yotaro Morishima publications: "Self-assembly amphiphilic polyelectrolytes and their nanostructures - Chinese Journal of Polymer Science Vol. 18, No. 40, (2000), 323-336. "Miscellanous formation of random copolymers of sodium 2- (acrylamido) -2-methylpropanesulfonate and a non-ionic surfactant macromonomer in water as studied by fluorescence and dynamic light scattering - Macromolecules 2000, Vol. 33, No. 10 - 3694-3704 "; "Solution properties de miscelle networks" formed by non-ionic moieties covalently bound to a polyelectrolyte: salt effects on rheological behavior - Langmuir, 2000, Vol.16, No. 12, 5324-5332; Stimuli responsive amphiphilic copolymers of sodium 2- (acrylamido) -2-methylpropanesulfonate and associative macromonomers - Polym. Preprint, Div. Polym. Chem. 1999, 40 (2), 220-221. The hydrophobic monomers with ethylenic unsaturation of these particular copolymers are preferably chosen from the acrylates or acrylamides of the following formula (V): R 8 -CH 2 -O-CN (Cl-12c-1 (R)) R 9 (V) in which R8 and R10, which may be identical or different, denote a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl radical (preferably methyl), Y denotes O or NH; R9 denotes a hydrophobic hydrocarbon radical containing at least 8 to 50 carbon atoms and more preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms and even more preferably 6 to 18 carbon atoms and more particularly 12 to 18 carbon atoms; x denotes a number of moles of alkylene oxide and varies from 0 to 100. The radical R 9 is preferably chosen from C 6 -C 18 alkyl radicals, linear (for example n-hexyl, n-octyl, n-decyl, n-hexadecyl, n-dodecyl), branched or cyclic ( for example cyclododecane (C12) or adamantane (C1 0)); C 6 -C 18 perfluorinated alkyl radicals (for example the group of formula - (CH 2) 2- (CF 2) 9-CF 3); the cholesteryl radical (C27) or a cholesteryl ester residue such as the cholesteryl oxyhexanoate group; polycyclic aromatic groups such as naphthalene or pyrene. Among these radicals, linear alkyl radicals, and more particularly the n-dodecyl radical, are more particularly preferred. According to a particularly preferred form of the invention, the monomer of formula (V) comprises at least one alkylene oxide unit (x> 1) and preferably a polyoxyalkylene chain. The polyoxyalkylene chain is preferably composed of ethylene oxide units and / or propylene oxide units and even more particularly ethylene oxide units. The number of oxyalkylenated units generally varies from 3 to 100 and more preferably from 3 to 50 and even more preferably from 7 to 25. Among these polymers, mention may be made of: - crosslinked or non-crosslinked copolymers, neutralized or otherwise, comprising 15 to 60% by weight of AMPS® units and 40 to 85% by weight of (C 8 -C 16) alkyl (meth) acrylamide units or (C 8 -C 16) alkyl (meth) acrylate units with respect to the polymer, such as those described in EP-A-750,899; terpolymers comprising from 10 to 90 mol% of acrylamide units, from 0.1 to 10 mol% of AMPS® units and from 5 to 80 mol% of n- (C6-C18) alkylacrylamide units, such as those described in US-5089578.

Mention may also be made of completely neutralized AMPS® and dodecyl methacrylate copolymers as well as copolymers of uncrosslinked and crosslinked AMPS® and n-dodecylmethacrylamide, such as those described in the Morishima articles cited above. Mention may be made more particularly of copolymers consisting of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS®) units of the following formula (VI): ## STR2 ## in which X + is a proton, an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth metal cation or the ammonium ion, and units of the following formula (VII): ## STR2 ## in which x denotes a variant integer from 3 to 100, preferably from 5 to 80 and more preferably from 7 to 25; R11 has the same meaning as that indicated above for R8 in the formula (V) and R12 denotes a linear or branched C6-C22 and more preferably C10-C22 alkyl. Particularly preferred polymers are those where x = 25, R 11 is methyl and R 12 is n-dodecyl; they are described in the articles of Morishima mentioned above. The polymers for which X + denotes sodium or ammonium are more particularly preferred. As explained above, the acrylic associative thickeners that can be used in the composition according to the invention can be chosen from cationic amphiphilic polymers and amphoteric amphiphilic polymers. The cationic amphiphilic polymers that can be used in the composition according to the present invention are preferably chosen from polyacrylates with amine side groups.

The polyacrylates with amino side groups, quaternized or otherwise, have, for example, hydrophobic groups of the steareth-20 (polyoxyethylene (20)) or alkyl (CioC30) PEG-20 itaconate stearyl alcohol type. Examples of aminated side chain polyacrylates include polymers 8781-124B or 9492-103 or STRUCTURE PLUS from the company National Starch. Amphoteric amphiphilic polymers that may be mentioned include methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride / acrylic acid / C10-C30alkyl methacrylate copolymers, the alkyl radical being preferably a stearyl radical. As explained above, the thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units may also be chosen from: (b) crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymers; (c) crosslinked copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and (C 1 -C 6) alkyl acrylate; (d) nonionic homopolymers and copolymers containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers of ester and / or amide type; (e) homopolymers of ammonium acrylate or copolymers of ammonium acrylate and acrylamide; (f) homopolymers and copolymers of (meth) acrylamido (C 1 -C 4) alkyl sulfonic acids; (g) homopolymers and copolymers of cross-linked methacryloyl (C1-C4) alkyl tri (C1-C4) alkylammonium. Among the crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymers, mention may be made of those crosslinked with an allylic alcohol ether of the sugar series, such as, for example, the products sold under the names CARBOPOLS 980, 981, 954, 2984 and 5984 by the company Goodrich. or the products sold under the names SYNTHALEN M and SYNTHALEN K by the company 3 VSA, Cosmedia SP® or crosslinked sodium polyacrylate containing 90% dry matter and 10% water, Cosmedia SPL® or sodium polyacrylate in emulsion reverse, containing about 60% of dry active ingredient, an oil (hydrogenated polydecene) and a surfactant (PPG-5 Laureth-5), both sold by Cognis, the partially neutralized crosslinked sodium polyacrylates being in the form of an inverse emulsion comprising at least one polar oil, for example that sold under the name Luvigel® EM sold by the company BASF. Among the crosslinked copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and of C 1 -C 6 alkyl acrylate, mention may be made of the product sold under the name VISCOATEX 538C by the company COATEX which is a crosslinked copolymer of methacrylic acid and of ethyl acrylate in aqueous dispersion at 38% of active substance or the product sold under the name ACULYN 33 by Rohm & Haas, which is a crosslinked copolymer of acrylic acid and ethyl acrylate in a 28% aqueous dispersion active ingredient. Mention may be made more particularly of the methacrylic acid / ethyl acrylate copolymer crosslinked in the form of a 30% aqueous dispersion manufactured and sold under the name CARBOPOL AQUA SF-1 by NOVEON. Among the nonionic homopolymers or copolymers containing monomers with ethylenic unsaturation of ester and / or amide type, mention may be made of the products sold under the names: CYANAMER P250 by CYTEC (polyacrylamide); PMMA MBX-8C by the company US COSMETICS (methyl methacrylate / ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer); ACRYLOID B66 by RHOM & HAAS (butyl methacrylate / methyl methacrylate copolymer); BPA 500 by the company KOBO (polymethyl methacrylate). Among the homopolymers of ammonium acrylate, mention may be made of the product sold under the name MICROSAP PAS 5193 by the company HOECHST.

Among the copolymers of ammonium acrylate and acrylamide, mention may be made of the product sold under the name Bozepol C Nouveau or the product PAS 5193 sold by the company Hoechst (they are described and prepared in the documents FR-2416723, US -2798053 and US-2923692).

Of the homopolymers and copolymers of (meth) acrylamido (C 1 -C 4) alkyl sulphonic acids, it is preferred to use the crosslinked polymers. More particularly, they are partially or totally neutralized.

These are water-soluble or water-swellable polymers. Among these polymers, mention may be made in particular of: polyacrylamido-methanesulfonic acid, polyacrylamidoethanesulfonic acid, polyacrylamido-propanesulfonic acid, poly-2-acrylamido-2-acid methylpropanesulfonic acid, poly-2-methacrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, poly-2-acrylamido-n-butanesulfonic acid. Polymers of this type and in particular cross-linked and partially or completely neutralized poly-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acids are known, described and prepared in the patent application DE-19625810. They are generally characterized in that they comprise, distributed randomly: i) from 90 to 99.9% by weight of units of formula (VIII) below: CH 3 O -CH 2 SO 3 x + CH 3 (VIII) in which X + denotes a cation or a mixture of cations, of which H +, ii) from 0.01 to 10% by weight of at least one crosslinking unit having at least two olefinic double bonds, the proportions by weight being defined relative to the total weight polymer; X + represents a cation or a mixture of cations chosen in particular from a proton, an alkali metal cation, a cation equivalent to that of an alkaline earth metal or the ammonium ion.

Preferably, the crosslinked and neutralized poly-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid comprises from 98 to 99.5% by weight of units of formula (VIII) and from 0.5 to 2% by weight of crosslinking units. . The crosslinking units having at least two olefinic double bonds are chosen for example from dipropylene glycol diallyl ether, polyglycol diallyl ethers, triethylene glycol dinyl ether, hydroquinone diallyl ether, tetra allyl oxyethane or other allyl or vinyl ethers of polyfunctional alcohols, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, triallylamine, trimethylolpropane diallylether, methylenebisacrylamide or divinylbenzene.

The crosslinking units having at least two olefinic double bonds are more particularly chosen from those corresponding to the following general formula (IX): R 13 CI-12 O 3 in which R 13 denotes a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4 alkyl and more particularly methyl (trimethylol propane triacrylate). The cross-linked and partially or completely neutralized poly-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acids are generally known under the names "Ammonium Polycrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate" or "Ammonium Polyacryldimethyltauramide" (designation I.N.C.I.). A particularly preferred product according to the invention is that sold by the company CLARIANT under the trade name HOSTACERIN AMPS®; it is a poly-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid crosslinked and partially neutralized with ammonia. Among the homopolymers and copolymers of crosslinked methacryloyl (C1-C4) alkyl trialkyl (C1-C4) ammonium, mention may be made of crosslinked polymers of methacryloyloxyalkyl (C 1 -C 4) trialkyl (C 1 -C 4) ammonium salts such as polymers obtained by homopolymerization of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized by methyl chloride, or by copolymerization of acrylamide with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized by methyl chloride, the homo or copolymerization being followed by crosslinking with an olefinically unsaturated compound, in particular methylene bis acrylamide. It is more particularly possible to use a crosslinked acrylamide / methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer (20/80 by weight) in the form of a dispersion containing 50% by weight of said copolymer in mineral oil. This dispersion is marketed under the name "SALCARE® SC 92" by the company CIBA. It is also possible to use a crosslinked homopolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride containing about 50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineral oil or in a liquid ester. These dispersions are sold under the names "SALCARE® SC 95" and "SALCARE® SC 96" by the company CIBA. Preferably, the thickening polymers with acrylic and / or methacrylic units are aqueous phase thickening polymers.

Preferably, the thickening polymer or polymers with acrylic and / or methacrylic units according to the invention are anionic. These polymers are more particularly chosen from: (a) acrylic associative thickeners; (b) crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymers; (c) crosslinked copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and (C 1 -C 6) alkyl acrylate. More preferably, the thickening polymers with acrylic and / or methacrylic units are more particularly chosen from crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymers.

The thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units that can be used in the composition according to the invention preferably represent from 0.05 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight, and in particular from 0 to , 3 to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

As indicated above, the composition according to the invention also comprises one or more fixing polymers. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "fixing polymer" means any polymer that makes it possible to impart a shape to the hair and / or to maintain the hair in a given form.

The fixing polymers may be soluble in the medium of the composition or insoluble in the same medium and used in this case in the form of dispersions of solid or liquid polymer particles (latex or pseudolatex).

The fixing polymers that may be used in the composition according to the invention may be chosen from anionic, cationic, amphoteric and nonionic fixing polymers. The anionic fixing polymers that may be used in the compositions according to the invention may be polymers containing groups derived from carboxylic, sulfonic or phosphoric acids and have a number-average molecular mass of between about 500 and 5,000,000. The anionic fixing polymers with Preferred carboxylic groups according to the invention are: A) copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide sold in the form of their sodium salts under the names RETEN 421, 423 or 425 by the company HERCULES, the sodium salts of the acids polyhydroxycarboxylic; B) copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with a monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene, vinyl esters, esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, optionally grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol, and optionally crosslinked. Such polymers are described in particular in French Patent No. 1,222,944 and German Application No. 2,330,956, copolymers of this type comprising in their chain an acrylamide unit optionally Nalkylated and / or hydroxyalkylated such as described in particular in US Pat. Luxembourg patent applications Nos. 75370 and 75371 or proposed under the name QUADRAMER by AMERICAN CYANAMID. Mention may also be made of acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tert-butylacrylamide terpolymers, such as ULTRAHOLD STRONG sold by BASF. Mention may also be made of copolymers of acrylic acid and of C 1 -C 4 alkyl methacrylate and terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, of acrylic acid and of C 1 -C 20 alkyl methacrylate, for example lauryl, such as sold by ISP under the name ACRYLIDONE® LM and methacrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / tert-butyl acrylate terpolymers, such as the product marketed under the name LUVIMER® 100 P by the company BASF; Mention may also be made of methacrylic acid / acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate copolymers in aqueous dispersion, sold under the name AMERHOLD® DR 25 by the company Amerchol; C) Crotonic acid copolymers, such as those comprising in their chain vinyl acetate or propionate units, and optionally other monomers such as allylic or methallyl esters, vinyl ethers or vinyl esters of a saturated carboxylic acid , linear or branched, long hydrocarbon chain, such as those comprising at least 5 carbon atoms, these polymers may optionally be grafted or crosslinked, or another monomer vinyl ester, allyl or methallylique a carboxylic acid a- or (3 Such polymers are described, inter alia, in French patents Nos. 1,222,944, 1,580,545, 2,265,782, 2,265,781, 1,564,110 and 2,439,798. -2930, 26-13-14 and 28-13-10 marketed by the company National Starch; D) copolymers of C4-C8 monounsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides chosen from: - copolymers res comprising (i) one or more maleic, fumaric and itaconic acids or anhydrides and (ii) at least one monomer selected from vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified. Such polymers are described in particular in US Pat. Nos. 2,047,398, 2,723,248, 2,102,113 and GB Patent No. 839,805. Commercial products are especially those sold under the names GANTREZ® AN or ES by the company ISP; copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, citraconic and itaconic anhydride units and (ii) one or more monomers chosen from allyl or methallyl esters optionally containing one or more acrylamide, methacrylamide, α-olefin or acrylic or methacrylic ester groups; acrylic or methacrylic acids or vinylpyrrolidone in their chain, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified. These polymers are described, for example, in French patents Nos. 2,350,384 and 2,357,241 of the Applicant; E) Polyacrylamides having carboxylate groups. F) Homopolymers and copolymers comprising sulphonic groups such as polymers comprising vinylsulphonic, styrene-sulphonic, naphthalenesulfonic or acrylamido-alkylsulphonic units. These polymers may be chosen in particular from: - the salts of polyvinylsulphonic acid having a molecular mass of between about 1,000 and 100,000, as well as copolymers with an unsaturated comonomer such as acrylic or methacrylic acids and their esters, as well as acrylamide or its derivatives, vinyl ethers and vinylpyrrolidone; the salts of polystyrene-sulphonic acid, such as the sodium salts sold, for example, under the name Flexan® 500 and Flexan® 130 by National Starch. These compounds are described in patent FR 2 198 719; the polyacrylamidesulfonic acid salts such as those mentioned in US Pat. No. 4,128,631, and more particularly the polyacrylamidoethylpropanesulphonic acid sold under the name COSMEDIA POLYMER HSP 1180 by HENKEL. G) As another anionic fixing polymer that can be used in the composition according to the invention, mention may be made of branched anionic block polymers. Such polymers are in particular described in the French application FR2814675. Mention may be made of the products sold under the names Fixate G-100 L (INCI designation AMP-Acrylates / Allyl methacrylate copolymer) or Fixate superhold polymer (INCI name Polyacrylate-2 Crosspolymer) by the company LUBRIZOL. According to the invention, the anionic fixing polymers are preferably chosen from acrylic acid copolymers or acrylic esters such as acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tert-butylacrylamide terpolymers sold in particular under the name ULTRAHOLD® STRONG by the company BASF, copolymers derived from crotonic acid such as vinyl acetate terpolymers / vinyl tert-butylbenzoate / crotonic acid and crotonic acid / vinyl acetate / vinyl neododecanoate terpolymers sold in particular under the name Resin 28-29-30 by NATIONAL STARCH, polymers derived from maleic, fumaric, itaconic acids or anhydrides with vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters, such as methylvinyl ether / monoesterified maleic anhydride sold, for example, under the name GANTREZ® by the the ISP company, the copolymers of methacrylic acid and of methyl methacrylate sold under the name EUDRAGIT® L by the company ROHM PHARMA, the copolymers of methacrylic acid and of ethyl acrylate sold under the name Luvimer® MAEX or MAE by BASF and the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers sold under the name Luviset CA 66 by the company BASF and the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers grafted with polyethylene glycol sold under the name ARISTOFLEX® A by the company BASF, the polymer sold under the name Fixate G-100 L (INCI name AMP-Acrylates / Allyl methacrylate copolymer) or Fixate superhold polymer (INCI name Polyacrylate-2 Crosspolymer) by the company LUBRIZOL. Preferably, the anionic fixing polymer (s) according to the invention are chosen from branched anionic block polymers.

The cationic fixing polymers that can be used in the composition according to the present invention are preferably chosen from polymers containing primary, secondary, tertiary and / or quaternary amine groups forming part of the polymer chain or directly connected thereto, and having a weight molecular weight of between 500 and about 5,000,000 and preferably between 1,000 and 3,000,000. Among these polymers, mention may be made more particularly of the following cationic polymers: (1) homopolymers or copolymers derived from esters or acrylic amides or methacrylics and having at least one of the following units of formula: ## STR1 ## R 19 R 18 X 16 C = O NH A R 17 R 15 R 15 X (A) (B) (C) wherein: R 16 is hydrogen or CH 3, A is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R 18, R19, which may be identical or different, represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical; R14 and R15, which may be identical or different, each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; X denotes a methosulphate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide. The copolymers of family (1) also contain one or more units derived from comonomers which may be chosen from the family of acrylamides, methacrylamides, diacetones-acrylamides, acrylamides and methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C 1 -C 4). ), groups derived from acrylic or methacrylic acids or their esters, vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam, vinyl esters.

Thus, among these copolymers of the family (1), mention may be made of: the copolymers of acrylamide and of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with dimethyl sulphate or with a dimethyl halide, such as that sold under the name HERCOFLOC® by the HERCULES company, - copolymers of acrylamide and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride described for example in the patent application EP-A-080976 and sold under the name BINA QUAT P 100 by the company CIBA GEIGY, - the acrylamide copolymer and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium methosulphate, such as the product sold under the name Reten by the company Hercules, the vinylpyrrolidone / dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers, whether or not quaternized, such as the products sold under the name "GAFQUAT®" by the company ISP, as well as by example "GAFQUAT® 734" or "GAFQUAT® 755" or the products referred to as "COPOLYMER® 845, 958 and 937 ". These polymers are described in detail in French Pat. Nos. 2,077,143 and 2,393,573, the fatty-chain and vinylpyrrolidone-type polymers, such as the products sold under the name Stylèze W20 and Stylèze W10 by ISP, methacrylate terpolymers. of dimethylaminoethyl / vinylcaprolactam / vinylpyrrolidone, such as the product sold under the name GAFFIX VC 713 by the company ISP, and the quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide copolymers, such as the products sold under the name "GAFQUAT® HS 100". by the ISP company; (2) Non-cellulosic, preferably quaternary ammonium cationic polysaccharides such as those described in US Pat. Nos. 3,589,578 and 4,031,307, such as guar gums containing cationic trialkylammonium groups. Such products are marketed in particular under the trade names JAGUAR C13 S, JAGUAR C 15, JAGUAR C 17 by MEYHALL. (3) quaternary copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole; (4) chitosans or their salts; the salts that can be used are, in particular, the acetate, lactate, glutamate, gluconate or pyrrolidonecarboxylate of chitosan. Among these compounds, mention may be made of chitosan having a degree of deacetylation of 90.5% by weight sold under the name KYTAN BRUT STANDARD by ABER TECHNOLOGIES, the pyrrolidone carboxylate of chitosan sold under the name KYTAMER® PC by the company Amerchol. (5) cationic cellulose derivatives such as copolymers of cellulose or of cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble monomer comprising a quaternary ammonium, and described in particular in US Pat. No. 4,131,576, such as hydroxyalkyl celluloses, such as hydroxymethyl- hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl cellulose grafted in particular with a salt of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium, methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium, dimethyl-diallylammonium. The marketed products corresponding to this definition are more particularly the products sold under the name "CELQUAT L 200" and "CELQUAT H 100" by the company National Starch. The amphoteric fixing polymers that may be used in accordance with the invention may be chosen from polymers comprising (B) and (C) units statistically distributed in the polymer chain, where (B) denotes a unit derived from a monomer comprising at least one d basic nitrogen and (C) denotes a unit derived from an acidic monomer having one or more carboxylic or sulphonic groups, or (B) and (C) may denote groups derived from zwitterionic monomers of carboxybetaines or sulphobetaines; (B) and (C) may also designate a cationic polymer chain having primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary amine groups, wherein at least one of the amine groups carries a carboxylic or sulfonic group connected through a hydrocarbon group, or (B) and (C) are part of a chain of an ethylene-α, β-dicarboxylic-based polymer having one of the carboxylic groups reacted with a polyamine having one or several primary or secondary amine groups The amphoteric fixing polymers corresponding to the definition given above, which are more particularly preferred, are chosen from the following polymers: (1) copolymers with acidic vinyl patterns and with basic vinyl units, such as those resulting from the copolymerization of a monomer derived from a vinyl compound carrying a carboxylic group such as, more particularly, acrylic acid, m methacrylic acid, maleic acid, alpha-chloroacrylic acid, and a basic monomer derived from a substituted vinyl compound containing at least one basic atom, such as, more particularly, methacrylate and dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide and acrylamide. Such compounds are described in US Pat. No. 3,836,537. (2) Polymers comprising units derived from: a) at least one monomer chosen from acrylamides or methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen atom by a alkyl group, b) at least one acidic comonomer containing one or more reactive carboxylic groups, and c) at least one basic comonomer such as esters with primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amine substituents of acrylic and methacrylic acids, and the quaternization product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with dimethyl or diethyl sulfate.

The N-substituted acrylamides or methacrylamides which are more particularly preferred according to the invention are the compounds whose alkyl groups contain from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and more particularly N-ethylacrylamide, N-tert-butylacrylamide, N-tert-octylacrylamide, N octylacrylamide, N-decylacrylamide, N-dodecylacrylamide and the corresponding methacrylamides. The acid comonomers are chosen more particularly from acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids as well as alkyl monoesters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of maleic or fumaric acids or anhydrides. Preferred basic comonomers are aminoethyl, butylaminoethyl, N, N'-dimethylaminoethyl, N-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylates. The copolymers whose CTFA (4th Ed., 1991) name is octylacrylamide / acrylates / butylaminoethyl-methacrylate copolymer, such as the products sold under the name AMPHOMER® or LOVOCRYL® 47 by the company National Starch, are particularly used. (3) polyamino amides crosslinked and acylated partially or completely derived from polyaminoamides of general formula: 4-CO-R2CO-Z (XIII) wherein R20 represents a divalent group derived from a saturated dicarboxylic acid, a mono aliphatic acid or ethylenically double bonded dicarboxylic acid ester of a lower alkanol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms of these acids or a group derived from the addition of any of said acids with a bis-primary amine or bis -secondary, and Z denotes a group derived from a bis-primary, mono- or bis-secondary polyalkylene polyamine and preferably represents: a) in the proportions of 60 to 100 mol%, the (CH 2) x NH group (XIV) where x = 2 and p = 2 or 3, or x = 3 and p = 2 this group derived from diethylene triamine, triethylene tetraamine or dipropylene triamine; b) in the proportions of 0 to 40 mol%, the group (XIV) above, in which x = 2 and p = 1 and which is derived from ethylenediamine, or the group derived from piperazine: - N N / C) in the proportions of 0 to 20 mol%, the -NH (CH 2) 6 -NH- group derived from hexamethylenediamine, these polyaminoamides being crosslinked by addition reaction of a crosslinking agent bifunctional chosen from epihalohydrins, diepoxides, dianhydrides, bis-unsaturated derivatives, by means of 0.025 to 0.35 moles of crosslinking agent per amine group of the polyaminoamide, and acyls by the action of acrylic acid or chloroacetic acid or an alkane-sultone or their salts.

The saturated carboxylic acids are preferably chosen from acids having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, such as adipic, trimethyl-2,2,4-adipic and trimethyl 2,4,4-adipic, terephthalic, and double-bonded acids. ethylene such as, for example, acrylic, methacrylic, itaconic acids. The alkane sultones used in the acylation are preferably propane or butane sultone, the salts of the acylating agents are preferably the sodium or potassium salts. (4) polymers comprising zwitterionic units of formula: ## STR2 ## in which R21 denotes a polymerizable unsaturated group such as an acrylate or methacrylate group; acrylamide or methacrylamide, y and z represent an integer of 1 to 3, R22 and R23 represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl, ethyl or propyl group, R24 and R25 represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group in such a way that the sum of the carbon atoms in R24 and R25 does not exceed 10.

The polymers comprising such units may also comprise units derived from non-zwitterionic monomers such as dimethyl- or diethylaminoethyl acrylate or methacrylate or alkyl acrylates or methacrylates, acrylamides or methacrylamides, or vinyl acetate.

By way of example, mention may be made of methyl methacrylate / dimethylcarboxymethylammonioethyl methacrylate copolymers, such as the product sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by Sandoz. (5) polymers derived from chitosan having monomeric units corresponding to the following formulas: R21 (XV) ## STR2 ## wherein the unit (XVI) is present in proportions of between 0 and 30%, the unit (XVII) in proportions of between 5 and 50% and the unit (XVIII) in proportions of between 30 and 90%, it being understood that in this unit (XVIII), R 26 represents a group of formula: F1Z28 F1Z29 R27 C- (O) cl C wherein if q = 0, R27, R28 and R29, which may be identical or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy or amino residue, a monoalkylamine residue or a possibly dialkylamine residue; interrupted by one or more nitrogen atoms and / or optionally substituted with one or more amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkylthio or sulphonic groups, an alkylthio radical whose alkyl group carries an amino residue, at least one of the R27 groups, R28 and R29 being in this case a hydrogen atom born ; or if q = 1, R27, R28 and R29 each represents a hydrogen atom, as well as the salts formed by these compounds with bases or acids. (6) The polymers with units corresponding to the general formula (XIX) are, for example, described in the French patent 1,400,366: 31 H NHCOCH3HNH2 (XVI) (XVII) CH2OHH / CHOHH R30 (CH2 CH2) ) Wherein R 30 represents a hydrogen atom, a CH 3 0 group, CH 3 CH 2 O, phenyl, R 31 denotes a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, R 32 denotes a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group C1-C6 such as methyl, ethyl, R33 denotes a lower alkyl group C1-C6 such as methyl, ethyl or a group corresponding to the formula: -R34-N (R32) 2, R34 representing a group -CH2-CH2-, CH2-CH2-CH2, -CH2-CH (CH3) -, R32 having the meanings mentioned above. (7) The polymers derived from the N-carboxyalkylation of chitosan, such as N-carboxymethylchitosan or N-carboxybutylchitosan, sold under the name "Evalsan" by the company Jan Dekker. (8) amphoteric polymers of the -DXDX type chosen from: a) the polymers obtained by the action of chloroacetic acid or sodium chloroacetate on compounds comprising at least one unit of formula: -DXDXD- (XX) where D denotes a group / - N N- and X denotes the symbol E or E ', E or E', which may be identical or different, denote a divalent group which is a straight or branched chain alkylene group containing up to 7 carbon atoms in the group; main chain unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl groups and which may further comprise oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, 1 to 3 aromatic and / or heterocyclic rings; the oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms being present in the form of ether, thioether, sulphoxide, sulphone, sulphonium, alkylamine, alkenylamine, hydroxyl groups, benzylamine, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide groups, alcohol, ester and / or urethane. b) polymers of formula: -D-X-D-X- (XXI) where D denotes a group / - N N- \ and X denotes the symbol E or E 'and at least once E'; E having the meaning indicated above and E 'is a divalent group which is a straight or branched chain alkylene group having up to 7 carbon atoms in the main chain, substituted or unsubstituted by one or more hydroxyl groups and comprising one or more nitrogen atoms, the nitrogen atom being substituted by an alkyl chain optionally interrupted by an oxygen atom and having obligatorily one or more carboxyl functions or one or more hydroxyl functions and betainized by reaction with the acid; chloroacetic acid or sodium chloroacetate. (9) (C 1 -C 5) vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers partially modified by semiamidation with a N, N-dialkylaminoalkylamine such as N, N-dimethylaminopropylamine or by semi-esterification with an N, N-dialkylaminoalkanol. These copolymers may also comprise other vinylic comonomers such as vinylcaprolactam. Among the amphoteric fixing polymers mentioned above that are most particularly preferred according to the invention, mention will be made of those of the family (3) such as the copolymers whose CTFA name is Octylacrylamide / acrylates / butylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer, such as the products sold. under the names AMPHOMER®, AMPHOMER® LV 71 or LOVOCRYL® 47 by the company National Starch and those of the family (4) such as methyl methacrylate / dimethylcarboxymethylammonioethyl methacrylate copolymers sold for example under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by the company SANDOZ. The nonionic fixing polymers that can be used in the composition according to the present invention are chosen, for example, from: polyalkyloxazolines; homopolymers of vinyl acetate; vinyl acetate copolymers such as, for example, copolymers of vinyl acetate and acrylic ester, copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene, or copolymers of vinyl acetate and of maleic ester, for example, dibutyl maleate; homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic esters, such as, for example, copolymers of alkyl acrylates and of alkyl methacrylates such as the products offered by the company Rohm & Haas under the names PRIMAL® AC-261 K and EUDRAGIT® NE 30D, by the company BASF under the name 8845, by the company HOECHST under the name APPRETAN® N9212; copolymers of acrylonitrile and of a nonionic monomer chosen, for example, from butadiene and alkyl (meth) acrylates; mention may be made of the products sold under the name CJ 0601 B by the company Rohm &Haas; homopolymers of styrene; styrene copolymers such as, for example, styrene and alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymers such as Mowilith® LDM 6911, Mowilith® DM 611 and Mowilith® LDM 6070 products supplied by the company Hoechst, the RHODOPAS products ® SD 215 and RHODOPAS® DS 910 offered by RHONE POULENC; copolymers of styrene, alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate; copolymers of styrene and butadiene; or copolymers of styrene, butadiene and vinylpyridine; polyamides; homopolymers of vinyllactam such as homopolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, especially sold under the name PVP K90 by the company ISP and such as polyvinylcaprolactam sold under the name Luviskol® PLUS by the company BASF; and copolymers of vinyllactam such as a poly (vinylpyrrolidone / vinyllactam) copolymer sold under the trade name Luvitec® VPC 55K65W by the company BASF, polyvinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymers, such as those sold under the name PVPVA® S630L by ISP, Luviskol® VA 73, VA 64, VA 55, VA 37 and VA 28 by BASF; and poly (vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acetate / vinyl propionate) terpolymers such as, for example, that marketed under the name Luviskol® VAP 343 by the company BASF.

The alkyl groups of the nonionic polymers mentioned above preferably have from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. According to the invention, it is also possible to use fixing polymers of the grafted silicone type, comprising a polysiloxane part and a part consisting of a non-silicone organic chain, one of the two parts constituting the main chain of the polymer and the other being grafted onto said main chain. These polymers are for example described in patent applications EP-A-0 412 704, EP-A-0 412 707, EP-A-0 640 105 and WO 95/00578, EP-A-0 582 152 and WO 93 / 23009 and US Patents 4,693,935, US 4,728,571 and US 4,972,037. These polymers may be amphoteric, anionic or nonionic, and they are preferably anionic or nonionic.

Such polymers are, for example, the copolymers that can be obtained by radical polymerization from the monomer mixture formed: a) from 50 to 90% by weight of t-butyl acrylate, b) from 0 to 40% by weight acrylic acid, c) from 5 to 40% by weight of a silicone macromer of the formula ## STR2 ## where Si (CH 2) 3 -CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 = C 2 -C 3 - (CH 2) 3 CH 3 ## STR1 ## where v is a number ranging from 5 to 700, the percentages by weight being calculated relative to the total weight of the monomers. Other examples of grafted silicone polymers are, in particular, polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) on which are grafted, via a thiopropylene type connection link, mixed polymeric units of the poly (meth) acrylic acid type and poly (alkyl) (meth) acrylate), and polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) on which are grafted, via a thiopropylene type connecting member, polymeric units of the polyisobutyl (meth) acrylate type. . Another type of silicone fixing polymers that may be mentioned is the Luviflex® Silk product marketed by BASF. Can also be used as fixing polymers, functionalized or non-functionalized polyurethanes, silicone or non-silicone, cationic, nonionic, anionic or amphoteric, or mixtures thereof. The polyurethanes particularly targeted by the present invention are those described in the applications EP 0 751 162, EP 0 637 600, EP 0 648 485 and FR 2 743 297 of which the applicant is the holder, as well as in the applications EP 0 656 021 and WO 94/03510 of the company BASF, and EP 0 619 111 of the company National Starch. As polyurethanes particularly suitable in the present invention, mention may be made of the products sold under the names LUVISET PUR® and LUVISET® Si PUR by the company BASF. Preferably, the fixing polymers of the compositions of the invention are nonionic or anionic. In a first preferred variant, the fixing polymers of the compositions of the invention are nonionic and preferably chosen from homopolymers and copolymers of vinyllactam and in particular vinylpyrrolidone. In a second preferred variant, the fixing polymers of the compositions of the invention are anionic and preferably chosen from branched anionic block polymers such as Fixate G-100 L (INCI designation AMP-Acrylates / Allyl methacrylate copolymer) or Fixate superhold. polymer (INCI name Polyacrylate-2 Crosspolymer) from the company LUBRIZOL. The fixing polymer or polymers which can be used in the composition according to the invention preferably represent from 0.1 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, better still from 1 to 7% by weight, relative to to the total weight of the composition. Preferably, the weight ratio between the total amount of fixing polymers (ii) and the total amount of thickening polymers (i) ranges from 1 to 10, preferably from 1.2 to 8, and more preferably from 2 to 8. The composition according to the invention also comprises one or more anti-hair loss agents. The term "anti-hair loss agent" means any compound that promotes the growth of human keratin fibers and / or increases their density and / or limits their fall. These compounds may in particular be chosen from lipoxygenase inhibitors as described in EP 648488, the inhibitors of bradykinin described in particular in EP 845700, and prostaglandins and derivatives thereof, in particular those described in WO 98/33497, WO 95/11003, JP 97- 100091, JP 96-134242, prostaglandin receptor agonists or antagonists, non-prostanoid prostaglandin analogs as described in EP 1175891 and EP1175890, WO 01/74307, WO 01/74313, WO 01/74314, WO 01/74315 or WO 01/72268, mixtures thereof. As anti-hair loss agents, mention may also be made of vasodilators, antiandrogens, cyclosporins and their analogues, antimicrobials and antifungals, anti-inflammatories, retinoids, alone or as a mixture. Useful vasodilators include potassium channel agonists including minoxidil as well as the compounds described in US Pat. Nos. 3,382,247, 5,760,972, 5,772,990, 5,700,443, 466694, 5,480,058, 4,934,374, cromakalim, nicorandil, and the like. diaxozide, alone or in combination. Nicotinic acid esters, including in particular tocopherol nicotinate, benzyl nicotinate and C1-C6 alkyl nicotinates such as methyl or hexyl nicotinates can also be used as vasodilators.

Useful antiandrogens include, but are not limited to, steroidal or nonsteroidal 5α-reductase inhibitors, such as finasteride and the compounds described in US 5,516,779, cyprosterone acetate, azelaic acid, its salts and derivatives, and the compounds described herein. in US 5,480,913, flutamide, oxendolone, spironolactone, diethylstilbestrol and the compounds described in US Pat. Nos. 5,411,981, 5,565,467 and 4,910,226. The anti-inflammatories may be selected from steroidal anti-inflammatories such as glucocorticoids , corticosteroids (e.g., hydrocortisone) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as glycyrrhetinic acid and a-bisabolol, benzydamine, salicylic acid and the compounds described in EP 0770399, WO 94/06434 and FR 2 268523. The retinoids may be chosen from retinoic acid, isotretinoin, acitretin, tazarotene, retinal and adapalene.

Mention may also be made of aminexil, 6-O - [(9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienoyl] hexapyranose, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, phenol, estradiol, maleate and the like. chlorpheniramine, chlorophyllin derivatives, cholesterol, cysteine, methionine, arginine, menthol and its derivatives, and in particular menthoxypropanediol; peppermint oil, calcium panthotenate, panthenol, resorcinol, protein kinase C activators, glycosidase inhibitors, glycosaminoglycanase inhibitors, pyroglutamic acid esters, hexosaccharide acids or acylamines. hexosaccharide, substituted aryl ethenes, N-acyl amino acids, flavonoids, ascomycin derivatives and analogues, histamine antagonists, saponins, proteoglycanase inhibitors, estrogen agonists and antagonists, pseudoterines , cytokines and promoters of growth factors, inhibitors of IL-1 or IL-6, promoters of IL-10, TNF inhibitors, benzophenones and hydantoin, vitamins such as vitamin D, niacinamide (3-pyridinecarboxamide) or nicotinamide (vitamin B3), vitamin B12 analogs, panthenol; vitamin B8, biotin (vitamin H) triterpenes such as ursolic acid and the compounds described in US 5529769, US 5468888, US 5631282; antipruritic agents such as thenaldine, trimeprazine or cyproheptadine; antiparasitics, particularly metronidazole, crotamiton or pyrethroids; calcium antagonists, such as cinnarizine, diltiazem, nimodipine, verapamil, alverine and nifedipine; hormones such as estriol or its analogues, thyroxine and its salts, progesterone; FP (F-type prostaglandin receptor) receptor agonists such as latanoprost, (5E) -7- {(1R, 2R, 3R, 5S) -3,5-dihydroxy-2- [( 3R) -3-hydroxy-5-phenylpentyl] cyclopentyl} hept-5-enoic, bimatoprost, travoprost, unoprostone and butaprost; 0-acylated derivatives obtained by partial or total esterification of vitamin F with glucose as described in application EP1688128; inhibitors of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase; and their mixtures.

As other compounds that can be used as an anti-fall agent in the composition according to the invention, mention may be made of the pyridine-dicarboxylate derivatives or of one of their salts, such as those described in application EP 1352629 and more particularly pyridine-2, 4-diethyl dicarboxylate. Preferably, the anti-fall agent (s) are chosen from aminexil, diethyl pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylate and () -acyl derivatives obtained by partial or total esterification of vitamin F with glucose. nicotinic acid esters, menthol and its derivatives, and in particular menthoxypropanediol, vitamins such as vitamin D, niacinamide (3-pyridinecarboxamide), nicotinamide (vitamin B3), vitamin B12 analogs, panthenol, vitamin B8, biotin (vitamin H), arginine, calcium pantothenate, and a mixture of these compounds.

Preferably, the anti-hair loss agent (s) used in the composition according to the invention are chosen from: (a) a combination of menthoxypropanediol, menthol and tocopherol nicotinate; (b) a combination of niacinamide, calcium pantothenate, arginine, biotin and menthol; (c) a mixture of the associations (a) and (b). The anti-hair loss agent (s) that may be used in the composition according to the invention preferably represent from 0.001 to 10%, by weight, more preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight, and in particular from 0.1 to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. The composition according to the invention may also comprise one or more additives different from the obligatory compounds already described.

As additive usable in accordance with the invention, mention may be made in a nonlimiting manner of the polymers, different from the thickening polymers and the fixing polymers described above, chosen from anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric polymers and their mixtures, cationic, anionic, amphoteric or zwitterionic and nonionic surfactants, fatty substances, sunscreens, inorganic or organic pigments, sequestering agents, peptizing agents and in particular hydrogenated castor oil oxyethylenated 40 or 60 OE , ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated fatty alcohols, plasticizing agents, solubilizing agents, acidifying or basifying agents, mineral or organic thickeners, in particular polymeric thickeners other than those mentioned above, opacifying agents, antioxidants, hydroxyacids, pearlescent agents, dyes, perfumes, and preservatives s.

Of course, those skilled in the art will take care to choose this or these optional additional compounds in such a way that the advantageous properties intrinsically attached to the composition according to the invention are not, or not substantially, impaired by the addition or additions envisaged .

The above additives can generally be present in an amount for each of them ranging from 0 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. In a particularly preferred manner, the composition according to the invention also comprises water, which advantageously represents from 40 to 99%, preferably from 50 to 95%, better still from 55 to 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. The composition may further comprise one or more water-soluble organic solvents (solubility greater than or equal to 5% by weight in water at 25 ° C. and at atmospheric pressure).

As water-soluble organic solvent, mention may be made, for example, of monoalcohols or diols, linear or branched, preferably saturated, comprising 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, hexylene glycol ( 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol), neopentylglycol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, butyleneglycol, dipropyleneglycol, propyleneglycol; aromatic alcohols such as phenylethyl alcohol; polyols with more than two hydroxyl functions such as glycerol; polyol ethers such as, for example, ethylene glycol monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers, propylene glycol or its ethers such as, for example, propylene glycol monomethyl ether; as well as diethylene glycol alkyl ethers, especially C 1 -C 4, for example diethylene glycol monoethyl ether or monobutyl ether, alone or as a mixture.

The water-soluble organic solvents, when they are present, generally represent from 1 to 40% by weight, and preferably from 5 to 35% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. Preferably, the composition according to the invention is in gel form.

In a preferred variant, the viscosity of the compositions of the invention is greater than or equal to 1 poise, better than or equal to 2 poise, more preferably greater than or equal to 5 poise at 25 ° C. and at a shear rate of 1 s -1. This viscosity can be determined with a cone / plane geometry rheometer.

The invention also relates to a composition as defined above for combating hair loss. The following examples are given purely by way of illustration of the present invention.

EXAMPLES The following compositions were prepared from the ingredients indicated in the table below (in which the contents are indicated in grams of active material): Composition A: Ingredients quantity (in g of MA) PEG-6 0, 3 Homopolymer of Crosslinked Acrylic Acid (Carbomer) (1) 0 9 Triethanolamine 2.5 INCI Named Polymer "Polyacrylate-1,16 2 Crosspolymer" (2) Menthoxypropanediol 0.1 Menthol 0.2 Tocopherol Nicotinate 0.2 Fragrance 0.4 2-Amino-3-methyl-1-propanol Qs pH 7.5 Ethanol Water Qsp 100 (1) Polymer sold under the name Carbopol 980. (2) Polymer sold under the name Fixate Superhold by Lubrizol. Composition B: Ingredients Amount (in g of MA) PEG-6 0.3 Homopolymer of Crosslinked Acrylic Acid (Carbomer) (1) 0 9 INCI Name Polymer "Polyacrylate-1.16 Crosspolymer" (2) Niacinamide 0, 1 Calcium pantothenate 0.1 Arginine 1.5 Biotin 0.001 Menthol 0.1 Perfume 0.4 Triethanolamine Qs pH 7.5 Ethanol Water Qsp 100 (1) Polymer sold under the name Carbopol 980. (2) Polymer sold under the name Fixate Superhold denomination by Lubrizol. The compositions A and B according to the invention are applied to wet hair. The Applicant finds that the compositions fix the hair in a particularly satisfactory manner and that regular applications do not induce a greater fall of the hair.

Claims (17)

REVENDICATIONS1. Cosmetic composition for keratinous fibers, comprising (i) one or more thickening polymers comprising acrylic and / or methacrylic units, (ii) one or more fixing polymers different from the polymers (i), and (iii) one or more anti-aging agents. Hair loss. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the one or more polymers (i) are chosen from: (a) acrylic associative thickeners; (b) crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymers; (c) crosslinked copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and (C 1 -C 6) alkyl acrylate; (d) nonionic homopolymers and copolymers containing ethylenically unsaturated monomers of ester and / or amide type; (e) homopolymers of ammonium acrylate or copolymers of ammonium acrylate and acrylamide; (f) homopolymers and copolymers of (meth) acrylamido (C 1 -C 4) alkyl sulfonic acids; (g) homopolymers and copolymers of cross-linked methacryloyl (C1-C4) alkyl tri (C1-C4) alkylammonium. 3. Composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the one or more polymers (i) are chosen from: (a) acrylic associative thickeners; (b) crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymers; (c) crosslinked copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid and (C 1 -C 6) alkyl acrylate, and preferably are selected from crosslinked acrylic acid homopolymers. 4. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more polymers (i) represent from 0.05 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight, more preferably from 0 to , 3 to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. 5. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more polymers (ii) are chosen from anionic, cationic, amphoteric and nonionic fixing polymers. 6. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one or more polymers (ii) are chosen from nonionic fixing polymers, preferably from homopolymers and copolymers of vinyllactam and in particular vinylpyrrolidone. 7. Composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the said anionic fixing polymer or polymers are chosen from anionic fixing polymers containing carboxylic groups, and preferably from: A) copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide; B) copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid with a monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene, vinyl esters, esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, optionally grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol, and optionally crosslinked; C) Crotonic acid copolymers, such as those comprising in their chain vinyl acetate or propionate units, and optionally other monomers such as allyl or methallyl esters, vinyl ethers or vinyl esters of a saturated carboxylic acid , linear or branched, long hydrocarbon chain, such as those comprising at least 5 carbon atoms, these polymers may optionally be grafted or crosslinked, or another monomer vinyl ester, allyl or methallylique a carboxylic acid a- or (3 cyclic D) copolymers of C 4 -C 5 monounsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides chosen from: copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, fumaric and itaconic acids or anhydrides and (ii) at least one selected monomer among the vinyl esters, the vinyl ethers, the vinyl halides, the phenylvinyl derivatives, the acrylic acid and its esters, the anhydrous functions some of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified; copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, citraconic and itaconic anhydride units and (ii) one or more monomers chosen from allyl or methallyl esters optionally containing one or more acrylamide, methacrylamide, α-olefin or acrylic or methacrylic ester groups; acrylic or methacrylic acids or vinylpyrrolidone in their chain, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified; E) polyacrylamides having carboxylate groups; F) homopolymers and copolymers comprising sulphonic groups such as polymers comprising vinylsulphonic, styrene-sulphonic, naphthalenesulphonic or acrylamido-alkylsulphonic units; G) branched anionic block polymers; and more preferably, the anionic fixing polymer (s) are chosen from branched anionic block polymers. 8. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said polymer or polymers (ii) represent from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 1 to to 7% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. 9. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight ratio between the total amount of fixing polymers (ii) and the total amount of thickening polymers (i) varies from 1 to 10, preferably 1, 2 to 8, and more preferably 2 to 8. 10. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said anti-hair loss agent (s) are chosen from vasodilators, antiandrogens, cyclosporins and their analogues, antimicrobials and antifungals, anti-inflammatories, retinoids, alone or in combination. 11. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said anti-hair loss agent (s) are chosen from aminexil, diethyl pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylate and 0-acyl derivatives obtained by partial or total esterification of vitamin F by glucose, nicotinic acid esters, menthol and its derivatives, and in particular menthoxypropanediol, vitamins such as vitamin D, niacinamide (3-pyridinecarboxamide), nicotinamide ( vitamin B3), vitamin B12 analogues, panthenol, vitamin B8, biotin (vitamin H), arginine, calcium pantothenate, and a mixture of these compounds. 12. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said anti-hair loss agent (s) are chosen from: (a) a combination of menthoxypropanediol, menthol and tocopherol nicotinate; (b) a combination of niacinamide, calcium pantothenate, arginine, biotin and menthol; (c) a mixture of the associations (a) and (b). 13. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said anti-hair loss agent or agents represent from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight, and in particular from 0.1 to 2% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. 14. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is in gel form. 15. Use of the composition as defined in any one of the preceding claims for styling hair. 16. Use of the composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14 to prevent or reduce hair loss. 17. A process for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous fibers, preferably hair, comprising the application to the keratinous fibers of the composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14.