FR2983110A1 - DEVICE FOR COUPLING A TOOL TO A SUPPORT - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1) for coupling a dismountable tool to a support, comprising a first and a second part, one of them being fixed to the tool, the other being fixed to the support. The first part comprises a rigid housing (2a) having a receiving zone (5). The second portion has a rigid attachment portion (4), which has an axial end (29) and defines a first coupling direction (u1). The first part comprises a latch (7), mounted in translation in at least one bearing surface (8a, 8b) of the casing (2a) along a second transverse locking direction (v1). The lock comprises a locking portion (11) cooperating with the hooking portion (4) to oppose uncoupling, and comprises a rod (10) extending between the locking portion (11) and a bearing ( 8a). The engaging portion has a through-shaped recess (22) adapted to receive the stem (10) during coupling, and extending in the coupling direction from the axial end (29) to at least one zone (28) of the hooking portion receiving the rod in the coupled state.

Description

DEVICE FOR COUPLING A TOOL TO A SUPPORT. FIELD OF THE INVENTION: The invention relates to the field of devices 5 for coupling a demountable tool to a support. In particular, the invention relates to devices for quick and manual assembly and disassembly. STATE OF THE ART A general need for coupling devices of a tool on a support is to optimize the relative guidance and / or the robustness of the connection between the tool and the support. EP 2,043,824 discloses a T-shaped rapid assembly device 15 having a spindle and centering and immobilizing means perpendicular to the spindle. This type of assembly is well suited for flat tools. There is a need to assemble generally cylindrical tools such as spinner noses for conveying container blow preforms into a preheating furnace. There is also a need to assemble gripper jaws that must be juxtaposed side by side. OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The invention proposes a device for coupling a tool to a support that meets at least one of the aforementioned needs. An object of the invention is to optimize both the relative guidance between the tool and the support and the lateral dimensions of the coupling device. According to one embodiment, the coupling device of a dismountable tool on a support comprises a first and a second part, one of them being fixed to the tool, the other being fixed to the support. The first part comprises a rigid housing having a receiving area. The second part 5 has a rigid attachment portion, separable from the first part. The attachment portion has an axial end for penetrating first into the receiving area and is adapted to be guided in the receiving area along a first coupling direction. The first part further comprises a latch, rigid and mounted in translation in at least one bearing of the housing along a second transverse locking direction at the first coupling direction. The latch comprises a latching portion cooperating, when the device is in the coupled state, with the latching portion to oppose uncoupling, and comprises a rod extending between the latch portion and a one of said latches. at least one range of the housing. The engaging portion has a through recess, adapted to receive the stem during coupling, and extending in the coupling direction from the axial end to at least one portion of the engaging portion. receiving the rod in the coupled state. Thanks to the recess in the attachment portion, the rod which holds the locking portion can be housed in the recess. In other words, the lock holding means are disposed inside the hooking portion. This allows the outside of the snap portion to be used for guidance and alignment. This allows, for the same overall lateral size of the device, to widen the guide surface between the attachment portion and the housing. For example, this makes it possible to have a gripping portion which is more robust than the spindle described in EP 2,043,824. According to one embodiment, the latch is guided in translation in a first and a second bearing of the casing, which spans are located, according to the second locking direction, on either side of the locking portion. This embodiment has many advantages. The fact that the rigid lock is not cantilevered in the receiving zone but is guided on either side of its hooking portion allows the lock to provide high axial resistance to retain the tool. In addition, the fact that the latch is guided between two distinct ranges makes it possible for the receiving zone to be wider than the latch guiding surfaces, unlike the zone for receiving the spindle described in EP 2 043 824. reception can interrupt the guiding of the latch in translation without degrading the mechanical strength of the latter, and allows to have a hooking portion of large size. This confers a great resistance of the tool to bending. According to one embodiment, the locking portion bears in the coupled state on the hooking portion according to at least one mutual support surface. The device has a third transverse direction defined as being perpendicular to the first coupling direction and the second locking direction. Advantageously, the device comprises two bearing surfaces extending respectively on either side of the recess opening in the third transverse direction. This allows the retention force exerted by the lock on the attachment portion of the tool is distributed on either side of this recess. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to dispose the opening opening and the bolt rod in an inner zone of the fastening portion, and on the other hand that the retention forces exerted by the bolt do not generate any bias on the latch portion. the tool. According to one embodiment, each of the at least one bearing surface is flat and inclined with respect to the first coupling direction and with respect to the second locking direction. This allows a movement of the lock in the second locking direction to generate a retention force of the tool 10 in the first coupling direction. This allows an assembly of the tool without axial play in the first coupling direction. Advantageously, each of the at least one mutual support surface is parallel to the third transverse direction. This allows the bulk of the plating force between the latch and the attachment portion is converted into tool retention effort. This improves the reliability of the retention of the tool and / or reduces the Hertz pressure between the latch and the latching portion. According to a variant, the mutual support surface is conical and extends, in the third transverse direction, on either side of the opening opening. Thus, the axial immobilization of the tool relative to the support, along the first coupling direction, is entirely ensured by the conical plating of the lock on the attachment portion. The tool and the support may be devoid of axial abutment means. This can avoid lateral extra thicknesses and further reduce the size of the assembly device. According to a variant, the cross section of the hooking portion, perpendicular to the first coupling direction, has a polygonal outer contour, preferably rectangular.

Alternatively, the housing receiving area may include a cylindrical receiving surface defining a coupling axis. Advantageously, the attachment portion comprises lateral flanks fitted to the rod and extending at least at a distance from the coupling axis. Thus, in the locking position, the rod serves as an anti-rotation key around the first coupling direction. According to one variant, the housing has a bearing plane perpendicular to the coupling direction, the receiving zone being open on the bearing plane. Advantageously, the housing has a locking pin, each of said at least one housing of the housing being cylindrical and coaxial with said locking axis. Advantageously, the coupling axis and the locking pin are intersecting and preferably perpendicular. Advantageously, the lock is symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry of attachment containing the locking pin and parallel to the first coupling direction. Advantageously, said rod has an end opposite to the locking portion which protrudes outside the housing so as to be manually operable to bring the latch at least from a locking position to a disengaging position in which the lock allows uncoupling. Said end serves as a push button 30 for uncoupling the tool or for introducing the tool into the support. Advantageously, the device comprises a return means arranged to drive the lock body to the locking position.

Advantageously, the first coupling direction and the second locking direction are perpendicular. According to another aspect, the invention on a conveyor of blow preforms for preheating furnace. The conveyor comprises a spinner nose coupled to a spinner by a coupling device as mentioned above. According to another aspect, the invention on a gripper for blow preforms. The clamp comprises at least one leg consisting of a jaw coupled to a jaw support by a coupling device as mentioned above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be better understood on studying the detailed description of some embodiments taken by way of non-limiting examples and illustrated by the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of FIG. a first embodiment of the device in the coupled state; - Figure 2 is an end view along the arrow 2 of Figure 1, the latching portion and the lock 25 of the first embodiment, showing surfaces of mutual support; - Figure 3 is a side view of the attachment portion of the first embodiment; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second embodiment showing a hooking portion and a latch in the uncoupling position; - Figure 5 is a perspective view of the hooking portion of the second embodiment; Figure 6 is a longitudinal section of the second embodiment; - Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating a preform heating system for blowing containers, which installation uses spinners whose noses are coupled by the first or the second embodiment; FIG. 8 is a cross-section of a third embodiment showing a support and a latch in the uncoupled state; FIG. 9 is a view from above of a hooking portion of the third embodiment; FIG. 10 is a median vertical section of the third embodiment in the coupled state; Fig. 11 is a bottom view of the third embodiment; Figure 12 is a perspective view of a clamp comprising two devices according to the third embodiment; - Figure 13 is a view above a fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION: As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, a coupling device 1 comprises a first part 2 serving for example as support and a second part 3 comprising, for example, the tool of which only a portion 4 of attachment has been illustrated. The first part 2 comprises a housing 2a which has a zone 5 for receiving the hooking portion 4. The receiving zone 5 is a space delimited by a receiving surface 5a. The hooking portion 4 has a guide portion 6 fitted to the receiving surface 5a so that the hooking portion 4 can enter the receiving zone 5 through an introduction opening 5b in a first direction (ul ) of coupling. In the non-limiting example illustrated, the receiving surface 5a and the guiding surface 6 are cylindrical and define a coupling axis (u). A variant could include a tool attached to the first part 2, of female type, and including the receiving area, the second part 3 serving as a support and having the male portion 4 hooking received in the receiving area. The first part 2 further comprises a latch 7, which lock is integral, rigid and slidably mounted in translation in the housing 2a in a second direction (v1) of locking. In particular, the latch 7 is mounted in translation in a first bearing 8a and in a second bearing 8b of the housing 2a. The bearings 8a and 8b are advantageously cylindrical bores 8a and 8b, coaxial and defining a locking axis (y) which is perpendicular and secant to the axis (u) coupling. The latch 7 comprises successively along the second direction (v1) of locking: an end 9 20 in the form of button 9 pusher, a first rod 10, a locking portion 11 and a second rod 12. The push button 9 is cylindrical and adjusted to the first bore 8a and coaxial with the first and second rods 10, 12. The diameter of the push button 9 is greater than or equal to the bulk of the locking portion 11. The second rod 12 is fitted to the second bore 8b and smaller in diameter than the diameter of the first bore 8a. Thus, the latch 7 can be introduced into the housing 2a, in the absence of the attachment portion 4 30, by the first bore 8a. The latch 7 may be metallic and obtained by bar turning. The locking portion 11 has a locking surface 13 which is flat and parallel to a third direction (w1) defined to be perpendicular to both the first coupling direction (ul) and the second direction (v1) of locking. The locking surface 13 is inclined at a locking angle 14 with respect to a plane containing the second and third directions (v1), (w1), which locking angle 14 is between 5 ° and 60 °, in particular between 7 ° and 60 °. ° and 20 °, for example between 9 ° and 11 °. The tangent of the locking angle 14 is much greater than the coefficient of friction between the materials of the attachment portion 4 and the locking portion 11, which may for example be made of steel. Thus, by pressing the push button 9, it is possible to move the latch 7 to a disengagement position to the left of Figure 1 and shown in phantom in Figure 2. A return means 15, such as a spring 15 of helical return surrounds the second rod 12 and extends axially between the locking portion 11 and the second bore 8b of the housing 2a. A circlip 16 is mounted on the second rod 12 outside the housing 2a. Thus, in the absence of the attachment portion 4, the latch 7 is held mechanically connected to the housing 2a.

The latch 7 also comprises a means 18 for immobilizing the relative rotation relative to the housing 2a around the second direction (v1) of locking. This means 18 of immobilization in rotation, is illustrated in the form of a flat 18a cooperating with a pin 18b parallel to the direction (ul) of coupling and opening into the second bore 8b. However, the rotational immobilization means 18 may be implemented in any other equivalent manner. The rotational immobilization means 18 is arranged so that the locking surface 13 is disposed on the side of the receiving zone 5 opposite to the introduction opening 5b. The housing 2a also comprises a flange 19 forming a support plane 19 extending in the vicinity of the opening 5b in a plane perpendicular to the first direction (ul) of coupling.

When the hooking portion 4 is in the receiving zone 5, the locking portion 11 can cooperate with an end portion 17 of the hooking portion 4 (see FIG. 3).

The end portion 17 of the hooking portion 4 consists of two protuberances 20 extending substantially parallel to each other in two planes 21a and 21b of the side, at a distance from one of the other and arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane 21 of attachment symmetry containing the axis (u) coupling (Figure 3). The two protuberances 20 together form a U seen in the second direction (v1) and are separated from each other by a first opening 22 opening. Each of the two protuberances 20, seen in the third direction (w1), has the shape of a hook and comprises on the one hand an upright 23 projecting parallel to the axis (u) of coupling from a portion 24 radially peripheral of said guide portion 6 (see Figure 2), and secondly a hook 25 extending along the plane 21a, 21b corresponding side, substantially parallel to the second direction (v1) of locking (Figure 1). Each of the hooks 25 has a complementary locking surface 26 facing the guide portion 6 and separated from the guide portion 6 by a second recess 27 (Figure 3). The first recess 22 extends parallel to the coupling axis (u). The first recess 22 is a recess opening axially. In other words, the first opening 22 opening has a bottom zone 28 located laterally between the two uprights 23 and located axially in the vicinity of the guide portion 6. The first recess 22 opens and extends axially from the bottom zone 28 to the axial ends 29 of the protuberances 20. The bottom zone 28 receives the first rod 10 when the coupling device 1 is in the coupled state. The first opening 22 completely separates the two hooks 25 and separates most of the uprights 23 from one another. The first rod 10 is fitted with lateral blanks 24a of the bottom zone 28, which lateral blanks 24a are spaced from the coupling axis (u). This makes it possible to block the relative rotation around the coupling axis (u). Advantageously, the first opening 22 opening may have a width (that is to say perpendicular to the plane 21 of attachment symmetry) 10 which is substantially constant. The first opening 22 opening may have chamfers or rounded in the vicinity of the axial end 29 to facilitate the insertion of the portion 4 hooking. The hooking portion 4 further has a flange 15 protruding radially outwardly from the guide portion 6 and intended to come into contact with the flange 19 of the casing 2a when the coupling device 1 is coupled. . The coupling of the hooking portion 4 in the housing 2a will now be described. The operator introduces the hooking portion 4 into the opening 5b and presses the pushbutton 9 towards a disengagement position until a rear face 31 of the locking portion 11 comes into close contact with the surface. 5a reception (see the profile in dashed line in Figure 2). In this position, the locking portion 11 can pass the hooks 25 of the attachment portion 4. The operator rotates the tool about the coupling axis (u) until the hooks 25 pass in front of the locking portion 11 and the first rod 10 enters the first opening 22 opening. Advantageously, the rear face 31 is conical or partially spherical, concentric with the axis (v) of locking. This facilitates machining of the lock 7.

When the hooking portion 4 is sufficiently introduced into the receiving zone 5 so that the locking portion 11 faces the second recess 27, the operator can begin to release the pushbutton 9. The locking portion 11 enters the second recess 27 having a shape C. The first rod 10 enters the first recess 22 opening to the bottom zone 28. Due to the fit between the first opening 22 and the first shank 10, the locking surface 13 is substantially parallel to the two complementary locking surfaces 26 of each of the two hooks 25. When the operator has completely released the 7, the complementary locking surfaces 26 are respectively in contact on the locking surface 13 by surfaces S and Sb mutual support. The dimensions of the elements previously described are such that the mutual support surfaces Sa, Sb are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane 21 of attachment symmetry. In addition, the two mutually supportive surfaces Sa and Sb are aligned along the third direction (w1). Thus, the retention force exerted by the latch 7 on the attachment portion 4 is substantially balanced. As illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6, the second embodiment is a coupling device 50 which differs from the first mode mainly by the shape of the locking surface. All references illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, which are identical to the references of the first embodiment, refer to elements having an identical or similar shape and having the same function as the corresponding elements of the first embodiment. The coupling device 50 comprises a hooking portion 51 including the guide portion 6 which defines the coupling axis (u) and comprises a lock 52.

The latch 52 is a block of rigid metal, symmetrical of revolution about the axis (v) of locking. The latch 52 comprises a tapered locking portion 53 of diameter greater than the diameter of the first rod 10 and widening on the opposite side to the push button 9 of the latch 52. As in the first mode, the latch 52 is mounted in translation in the housing of the support 2 so that the axis (v) of locking is secant and perpendicular to the axis (u) coupling.

The end portion 17 of the attachment portion 51 consists of two protuberances 54 extending substantially parallel to the coupling axis (u). The protuberances 54 are symmetrical to one another and at a distance from a plane 55 of attachment symmetry. The protrusions 54 have lateral flanks 57 parallel to the plane 55 of attachment symmetry and spaced from each other by a width adjusted to the diameter of the first rod 10. Said lateral flanks 57 extend relative to the first direction (ul) of coupling, in the vicinity of the axial end 29, and extend, relative to the second direction (v1) of locking, to the vicinity of the outer diameter of the guide portion 6. The side flanks 57 constitute an indexing surface in rotation about the coupling axis (u). The cross-section of the end portion 17, seen in the first coupling direction (ul), also has a clearance shoulder 59, which shoulder is wider than the locking portion 53 of the lock 52 and extends, along the second direction (v1) of locking, the side of the protrusions 54 which is opposite the lateral flanks 57. The space between the protuberances 54, delimited by the lateral flanks 57 and the shoulder 59 of clearance, constitutes an opening recess 56 extending from the axial end 29 of the protrusions 54, to a bottom zone 28. . The attachment portion 51 has, in the vicinity of the bottom zone 28, an additional bulge 58, in addition to the opening recess 56, which bulge extends, in the third direction (w), beyond the flanks 57. side. The additional bulge 58 is delimited by a partially conical surface 58a which is a complementary locking surface of a conical surface 53a of the locking portion 53 of the lock 52. The complementary locking surface 58a extends in the second direction (v1) locking, out of the shoulder 59 of clearance, that is to say, in line with the lateral flanks 57. The operation of the coupling device 50 will be described. The operator presses the pushbutton 9, compresses the return spring 15 and brings the lock 52 into a coupling position in which the locking portion 53 is substantially in abutment with the receiving surface 5a of the housing 2a. In this position, the lateral flanks 57 force the plane 55 of attachment symmetry of the second part 3 to be oriented relative to the housing 2a so as to contain the axis (v) of the latch 52. Moreover, the portion 53 lock transits along the shoulder 59 of clearance and the first rod 10 passes between the lateral flanks 57 to the bottom 28 zone. When the axis of the conical surface 58a is substantially coincidental with the axis (y) of the latch 52, the operator releases the push button 9 and the tapered locking portion 53 enters the additional bulge 58. The locking portion 53 and the hooking portion 51 then have a mutual support surface 60 extending on either side of the recess 56 opening, that is to say beyond the side flanks 57 in the third direction (w1), and beyond the shoulder 59 of clearance in the second direction (v1). Due to the additional bulge 58 at the base of the protrusions 54, the part of the mutual bearing surface 60 closest to the axial ends 29 of the protrusions 54, opposes the uncoupling of the attachment portion 51, and ensures the retention of the tool. The portion of the mutual support surface 60 furthest from the axial ends 29 serves as a stop. Thus, in the coupled state, there remains a functional clearance between the flange 19 of the housing 2a and the flange 30 of the attachment portion 51. As illustrated in FIG. 7, the preform heating system 71 comprises a conveyor 70 equipped with a succession of preform holding device 72 called "spinette" 72, a furnace 73, a preform feed wheel 74. 71 at room temperature and a transfer wheel 75 for transferring hot preforms 71 to a blowing / stretching machine 76 which converts the preforms 71 into containers 77. Each of the spinches 72 comprises a spinner nose 78 fitted with a gripping mandrel 79 . The spinner nose 78 is coupled to a spool body 80 by means of one of the coupling devices 1, 50 previously described. The body 80 of spin is rotated about an axis 80a by a wheel 82 drive. The rotating body 80 is also movable in translation along the axis 80a by means of a slide linkage device 81 in order to allow insertion of the gripping mandrel 79 into the neck 71b of the preform 71 and thus to hold the preform 71 by friction. It is understood that a coupling device 1, 50 which allows the spinner nose 78 to remain concentric with the rotational axis 80a of the spool body 80 and is particularly useful. In addition, the surface (Sa, Sb) of mutual support between the latch 7, 52 and the portion 4, 51 hooking is distributed around the axis 80a of rotation. This prevents the axis 71a of the preform 71 has an angle relative to the axis 80a of rotation. This prevents the preform 71 from being heated at certain points more than others as they pass through the oven 73. As illustrated in FIGS. 8 to 11, the third embodiment is a device 100 for coupling a second portion 101 having the shape of a portion 101 hooking (Figure 9) in a first portion 102 equipped with a housing 102a (Figure 8). The housing 102a comprises a main body 103 having an elongated groove 104 and in a first direction (ul) of coupling. The main body 103 is closed by a cover 105. Thus, the main body 103 and the cover 105 together define a reception zone 106 having a parallelepiped shape. The coupling device 100 further comprises a lock 107 which is integral, rigid and symmetrical in revolution about a locking axis (y). The lock 107 comprises a rod 108 equipped at one end with a cylindrical guide portion 109 and with a cone-shaped locking portion 110, which cone is situated axially between the guide portion 109 and the rod 108.

The diameter of the cone 110 is smaller on the side of the rod 108. The lock 107 is slidably mounted in translation and free to rotate, on the one hand in a first bearing surface 111, such as a bore 111 arranged in a bottom 104a of the groove 104 in U and secondly, in a second bearing 112, such as a bore 112 formed in the cover 105. The first bearing surface 111 is fitted to the rod 110 and the second bearing 112 is fitted to the portion 109 guidance. Thus, the axis (y) of the lock 107 is fixed relative to the housing 102a.

The groove 104 of the main body 103 has a cross section, perpendicular to the first coupling direction (ul), which is rectangular, which rectangular section has a length corresponding to the bottom 104a of the groove 104 and a width corresponding to the side 104b of the groove 104. In the uncoupling configuration (FIG. 8), the end 108a of the rod 108, opposite the guide portion 109, protrudes from the main body 103 and serves as a pushbutton 108a. The coupling device 100 comprises a return means 113 disposed between the cover 105 and the lock 107 to push the lock 107 towards the bottom 104a of the groove 104. Advantageously, the means 113 is a helical spring with corrugated flat wires. This makes it possible to generate high forces over a short distance of compression.

The hooking portion 101 (FIG. 9) is in the form of a plate 114 which is elongate in a direction intended to correspond to the first coupling direction (μ1), and has a cross section, perpendicular to the first direction (ul), which is rectangular and fitted to the cross section of the groove 104 of the housing 102a. The thickness of the plate 114 corresponds to the second direction (v1) of locking and the width of the plate 114 corresponds to the third direction (wl).

The hooking portion 101 has an opening recess 115 which is elongated in the direction of the first coupling direction (μ1) and which passes through the plate 114 from one side to the other in the direction of the thickness of the plate 114.

The opening 115 separates two lateral excrescences 116, and extends along the first direction (ul) of coupling from one end 117 of the plate 114 to a bottom 118 zone. The opening 115 opens out towards the end 117 and is delimited in the vicinity of the end 117 by two side flanks 119. The side flanks 119 are separated from one another in the third direction (w1) by a distance slightly greater than the diameter of the rod 108. The bottom zone 118 has an additional bulge 120 at the base of the lateral protrusions 116. so that the distance between the lateral protuberances 116 in the vicinity of the bottom zone 118 is greater than that in the vicinity of the end 117. The additional bulge 120 is delimited by a conical surface 120a, of axis parallel to the thickness of the plate 114.

FIGS. 8 and 10 describe the operation of the coupling device 100. The operator presses the push button 108a until the cone 110 emerges from the rectangular section of the receiving zone 106. In other words, only the rod 108 passes through the reception zone 106. The operator can then introduce the hooking portion 101 in the first coupling direction (ul) and the recess 115 receives the rod 108 during the coupling. When the axis of the conical surface 120a substantially corresponds to the locking axis (v) of the housing 102a, the operator releases the lock 107 (FIG. 10). The coupling device 100 is then in the coupled state. The return means 113 urges the cone 110 to bear on the conical surface 120a of the plate 114. In other words, the locking portion 110 is then resting on the hooking portion 101 along a surface 121 of mutual support, belonging to at both the cone 110 and the conical surface 120a. In addition, the plate 114 is then pushed against the bottom 104a of the housing 102a. This makes it possible to immobilize the plate 114 along the first coupling direction (v1) and in alignment with the bottom plane 104a of the groove 104. The sides 104b ensure the blocking of the rotation of the plate 114 around the axis (v) lock.

The locking axis (v) may be centered on the middle of the two sides 104b of the main body 103.

However, the axis (v) of locking is advantageously off-center with respect to the reception zone 106 and the opening opening 115 is also off-center in order to prevent the plate 114 from being inserted incorrectly with the conical surface 120a facing towards the 108a pusher button and not to the cone 110. Due to the fact that the axial immobilization of the attachment portion 101 uses means located inside the plate 114 and that the guide plate 114 is transferred to the Outside of this plate 104, such a coupling device 100 has the advantage of improving the angular and lateral guidance of the tool. As illustrated in FIG. 12, the coupling device 100 is advantageously used in a gripping clamp 130, for example a preform gripper for blowing the container. The gripping clamp 130 comprises two jaws 131a, 131b each equipped with a previously described attachment portion 101. The attachment portion and its jaw 131a, 131b are coupled to a support 132a, 132b of jaws. The grip gripper 130 actuates the jaw supports 132a, 132b as in conventional forceps. It suffices for the operator, wanting to change the part of the jaws adapted to the object, to enter by the grip gripper 130, to press the button 108a push of each of the supports 132a, 132b of jaws, to thereby perform very quickly the desired change. In a variant illustrated in Figure 13, the tool 140 may be arranged in a direction that does not correspond to the first direction (ul) of coupling of the portion 141 of attachment. The housing 142 of the coupling device can be opened, not only to allow the introduction of the attachment portion 141, but also on one or more other sides. In another variant, the corresponding surfaces 35 between the attachment portion and the housing may not be flat but only define support planes and stops blocking the relative rotations. In another embodiment, the attachment portion, and the corresponding receiving area have external lateral flanks inclined relative to each other. This variant may for example be equipped with a latch 7 as described for the first embodiment. In a variant, the hooking portion may be obtained in a plate having two parallel faces and two lateral lateral flanks inclined with respect to each other. In another variant, the outer shape of the attachment portion is a truncated pyramid with a polygonal base, for example with three or four sides.

Claims (17)

REVENDICATIONS1. Device (1, 50, 100) for coupling a dismountable tool to a support, comprising a first 5 and a second part, one of which is fixed to the tool, the other being fixed to the support, the first part (2) comprising a rigid housing (2a, 102a) having a receiving zone (5, 106), the second portion (3) having a rigid coupling portion (4, 10 51, 101) separable from the first part, the hooking portion (4, 51, 101) having an axial end (29, 117) intended to penetrate first into the receiving zone (5, 106) and being designed to be guided into the receiving along a first coupling direction (μ1), the first part further comprising a rigid lock (7, 52, 107) mounted in translation in at least one bearing surface (8a, 8b, 111, 112 ) of the housing (2a, 102a) along a second direction (v1) of locking, transverse to the first direction (ul) of coupling, the bolt or (7, 52, 107) comprising a locking portion (11, 53, 110) cooperating, when the device is in the coupled state, with the portion (4, 51, 101) of attachment to oppose the uncoupling, and comprising a rod (10, 108) extending between the locking portion (11, 53, 110) and a bearing surface (8a, 111) among said at least one housing surfaces (2a, 102a). characterized in that the hooking portion (4, 51, 101) has an opening (22, 56, 115) opening, adapted to receive the rod (10, 108) during coupling, and extending into the coupling direction (ul), from the axial end (29, 117) to at least one zone (28, 118) of the hooking portion (4, 51, 101) receiving the rod (10, 108). ) in the coupled state. 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the latch (7, 52, 107) is guided in translation in a first (8a, 111) and a second (8b, 112) worn housing (2a, 102a), which worn are located, in the second direction (v1) of locking, on either side of the portion (11, 53, 110) of locking. 3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the portion (11, 53, 110) of locking bears in the coupled state on the portion (4, 51, 101) hooking in at least one surface (Sa, Sb, 60, 121) of mutual support, and wherein the device has a third direction (w1) transverse defined as being perpendicular to the first direction (ul) 15 of coupling and the second direction (v1 ) lock. 4. Device according to claim 3, comprising two surfaces (Sa, Sb) of mutual support extending respectively on either side of the recess (22) opening in the third direction (w1) transverse. 5. Device according to one of claims 3 or 4, wherein each of the at least one surfaces (Sa, Sb) 25 of mutual support is flat and inclined relative to the first direction (ul) of coupling and relative in the second direction (v1) lock. 6. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, wherein each of the at least one surfaces (Sa, Sb) of mutual support is parallel to the third (wl) transverse direction. 7. Device according to claim 3, in which the surface (60, 121) of mutual support is conical and extends, in the third direction (w1) transverse, on either side of the recess (56, 115) opening. 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross section of the portion (101) hooking, perpendicular to the first direction (ul) of coupling, has a polygonal outer contour, preferably rectangular. 10 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the zone (5) for receiving the housing (2a) comprises a cylindrical receiving surface (5a) defining a coupling axis (u). 15 10. Device according to claim 9, wherein the portion (4, 51) hooking comprises lateral flanks (24a, 57) fitted to the rod (10) which extend at least at a distance from the axis (u ) of coupling. 20 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the housing has a plane (19) bearing perpendicular to the direction (ul) of coupling, the receiving zone (5) being open on the plane (19). support. 25 12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the housing (2a, 102a) has a locking axis (v), each of said at least one bearing (8a, 8b, 111, 112) of the housing (2a, 102a). ) being cylindrical and coaxial with said locking axis (v). 13. Device according to claims 9 and 12 taken together, wherein the coupling axis (u) and the locking axis (v) are secant, and preferably perpendicular. 14. Device according to one of claims 12 or 13, wherein the latch (7, 52, 107) is symmetrical with respect to a plane (21, 55) of attachment symmetry containing the axis (v) locking and parallel to the first coupling direction (ul). 15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said rod (11, 108) has an end (9, 108a) opposite to the portion (11, 53, 110) locking which protrudes outside the housing (2a, 102a) so as to be operable manually to bring the latch (7, 52, 107) at least from a lock position to a disengagement position in which the latch permits uncoupling, the device comprising means ( 15, 113) arranged to drive the lock (7, 52, 107) to the locking position. 16. Conveyor (70) of preforms (71) for blowing furnace (73) for heating, comprising a nose (78) of spinner coupled to a body (80) of a spinner by a device (1, 50) of coupling according to one of claims 1 to 15. 17. gripper (130) gripping for blow preforms, comprising at least one leg consisting of a jaw (131a, 131b) coupled to a support (132a, 132b) of jaws by a coupling device (100) according to the one of claims 1 to 15.