FR2961093A1 - COSMETIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING A POLYMER AND A 4-CARBOXY 2-PYRROLIDINONE DERIVATIVE, COSMETIC TREATMENT METHOD AND COMPOUND - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, from 2 to 99% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, of a polymer or a mixture of polymers, and 0.5 40% by weight of compound of formula (I), alone or in admixture, and / or a salt thereof: in which: - R denotes H or a linear C -C -C or branched C -C alkyl radical; - R denotes a linear C-C or branched C -C alkyl radical which may contain a C -C ring; an optionally substituted C -C cycloalkyl radical; the phenyl radical, the benzyl radical or the phenethyl radical; - R and R denote H or a linear alkyl radical C -C -C or branched C -C; it being understood that when R = H, the compounds may be in their free acid form or in the form of their cosmetically acceptable salts. The invention also relates to a cosmetic treatment method using said composition, as well as a specific compound.

Description

The present invention relates to novel cosmetic compositions comprising 4-carboxy-2-pyrrolidinone ester derivative compounds and polymers of natural or synthetic origin.

Many cosmetic or dermatological products comprise a liquid fatty phase and are in various galenic forms, such as dispersions, oily lotions, oil / water, water / oil or multiple emulsions, cream gels or sticks. Certain cosmetic or dermatological ingredients of particular interest are hardly soluble, or even viable, in the oily phase of these formulations and tend during storage to form crystals or to precipitate, especially in emulsions. Such phenomena are undesirable from a point of view of stability of the formulation and / or with respect to the comfort of the consumer insofar as they can destabilize the composition and / or affect the aesthetic appearance of the product and / or cause cosmetic discomfort to the application on the skin and / or the hair or limit their concentration in these formulas which does not allow to obtain sufficiently effective products. Thus, it is not easy to convey the polymers in cosmetically acceptable environments because they are generally less soluble than the molecules of lower molecular weight. In addition, the polymers can lead to highly viscous solutions, which limits the concentration at which they can be used in formulation. This is even more critical for polymers of natural origin and their derivatives, for which there are few cosmetically acceptable media to convey them. For those skilled in the art, transporting synthetically or naturally occurring polymers in cosmetically acceptable media at significant levels remains a real challenge, whether in solution, dispersion or emulsion.

There is therefore the need to find new solvents to convey, in particular to solubilize or disperse, effectively polymers and in particular lipophilic polymers, or improve their solubility in oils and in the carriers of cosmetic formulations comprising them without the disadvantages listed above.

It is known that the pyrrolidinone derivatives are known as an agent for the penetration of active ingredients such as oleocanthal in the application WO2008 / 01240 or as the alkyl esters of asprotadil in the patent US6673841.

However, the Applicant has now discovered, surprisingly, a new family of effective solvents consisting of 4-carboxy 2-pyrrolidinone derivatives of formula given below, to achieve this goal.

An object of the present invention is therefore a cosmetic composition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, from 2 to 99% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, of a polymer or a mixture of polymers. and 0.5 to 40% by weight of compound of formula (I), alone or as a mixture, and / or one of its salts: (I) O in which: RI denotes a hydrogen atom or a linear C1-C20 or branched C3-C20 alkyl radical; R 2 denotes a linear C 1 -C 20 or branched C 3 -C 20 alkyl radical which may contain a C 5 -C 6 ring; a C5-C6 cycloalkyl radical optionally substituted by one or two methyl radicals; the phenyl radical, the benzyl radical or the phenethyl radical; R3 and R4 denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom or a linear C 1 -C 12 or branched C 3 -C 12 alkyl radical; it being understood that when RI = H, the compounds may be in their free acid form or in the form of their cosmetically acceptable salts.

The compounds of formula (I) can be incorporated in many cosmetic products. They can also be incorporated in aqueous or solvent-based compositions used in particular in the fields of paint, varnishes, glues and adhesives, cements and coatings, cleaning and hygiene products, for example.

The physicochemical properties specific to these compounds, and in particular their character is hydrophilic or lipophilic, make it possible not only to confer on them an excellent solvent or dispersant power for polymers, but also a compatibility with the hydrophilic / lipophilic balance of keratin substrates such as than the skin and the integuments. In addition, these compounds exhibit excellent compatibility with the usual cosmetic media and are therefore very easy to implement for the formulator. Dissolving, dispersing or emulsifying the polymers is thus facilitated in the presence of the compounds according to the invention. Moreover, the compounds according to the invention make it possible to obtain improved spreading of the formula on the skin and its superficial body growths, which results in a homogeneous deposition and a final aesthetic effect.

The 4-carboxy-2-pyrrolidinone derivatives according to the invention correspond to the following general formula (I): (I) O in which: R 1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a linear C 1 -C 20 or branched alkyl radical; C3-C20; R2 denotes a linear C 1 -C 20 or branched C 3 -C 20 alkyl radical which may contain a C 5 -C 6 ring; a C5-C6 cycloalkyl radical optionally substituted by one or two methyl radicals; the phenyl radical, the benzyl radical or the phenethyl radical; - R3 and R4 denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl radical C1-C12 or branched C3-C12; it being understood that when RI = H, the compounds may be in their free acid form or in the form of their cosmetically acceptable salts.

In formula (I), among the alkyl groups, mention may especially be made of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, noctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl and cyclohexyl groups. or methylcyclohexyl.

The salts of the compounds described in the present invention include conventional non-toxic salts of said compounds such as those formed from organic or inorganic bases. There may be mentioned ammonium salts, alkanolamine salts such as triethanolamine, aminopropanediol, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium.

The preferred compounds are those of formula (I) wherein R3 and R4 are hydrogen.

Preferably, R 1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a linear C 1 -C 18 or branched C 3 -C 18 alkyl radical; and better still, a C2-C18 or branched C3-C10 linear alkyl radical. Preferably, R2 denotes a C2-C18 or branched C3-C18 linear alkyl radical; and more preferably a linear C3-C16 or branched C3-C12 alkyl radical; or a cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl or phenethyl radical.

Among the compounds of formula (I), the following products (a) to (bw) will be used more particularly: embedded image RN = 10080-92-9 OO (f) RN = 59857-84-0 OO (a) RN = 59857 -86-2 O (e) RN = 102943-44-2 OO (1) G) RN = 100453-61-0 RN = 59857-87-3 O (d) RN = 100911-29-3 R = 428518 -32-5 O (h) RN = 428518-34-7 RN = 428518-33-6 R = 443304-01-6 OOO (I) RN = 192717-78-5000OO (c) OO (p) RN = 59857-85-1 RN = 856637-16-6 o RN = 101572-83-2 O (q) (r) (s) RN = 873969-57-4 O (t) O (u) (w) RN = 593253-22-6 (Y) (z) (aa) 7IV`O (ab) (ad) (ae) O RN = 147452-59-3 RN = 100878-04-4 RN = 856636-64-1 (Ag) RN = 100252-83-3 RN = 106783-22-6 RN = 66397-80-6 OO RN = 101572-84-3 RN = 102180-23-4 RN = 1 02444-77-9 o (ap) RN = 100718-54-5 (aq) RN = 64320-92-9 o O xN (at) (as) RN = 91 957-98-1 RN = 1 01 1 ° 5-62-3 (av) O (az) RN = 208118-23-4 (ba) RN = 43094-86-6 OH (ay) RN = 52743-73-4 RN = 299920-47-1 (bd) RN = 1 57687-77-9 RN = Embedded image RN = 696647-92-4 (bb) ## STR1 ## -OH OH (bj) RN = 1211449-66-9 OH RN = 10054-19-0 (bw) The even more preferred compounds are the compounds of formulas (I), (n), (o), (ac), (am), (at), (au), (ba) , (bg), (b1), (bm), (bp), (br) and (bw).

The compounds of formula (I) can be obtained according to the syntheses described in the following articles: J. Org. Chem., 26, pp. 1519-24 (1961); Tetrahydron Asymmetric, 12 (23), pages 3241-9 (2001); J. Industrial & Engineering Chem., 47, pp. 1572-8 (1955); J. Am. Chem. Soc., 60, pp. 402-6 (1938); and in patents EP0069512, US2811496, US2826588, US3136620, FR2290199 and FR2696744.

The compounds of formula (I) are preferably present, alone or as a mixture, in the cosmetic compositions according to the invention in an amount of 0.5 to 40% by weight, better still 1 to 30% by weight, or even 2 to 25% by weight, and preferably 3 to 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

The cosmetic composition according to the invention further comprises at least one polymer.

This polymer may be of natural origin, possibly modified, or may be synthetic. By polymer is meant a material resulting from the covalent linking of a large number of identical or different monomeric units (or units), which may be in liquid form, more or less viscous, or in solid form, at room temperature. (25 ° C). A polymer preferably comprises at least 5 repeating units, which are identical or different. Preferably, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of said polymer is between 2,000 and 2,000,000, in particular between 5,000 and 1,000,000, or even between 10,000 and 500,000, more preferably between 20,000 and 300,000, preferably between 30,000 and 200,000, and even better between 40,000 and 180,000.

By synthetic polymer is meant a polymer that can be prepared from monomers, which are identical or different, by a conventional polymerization process, such as a radical polyaddition, an ionic polyaddition, a polycondensation or a ring opening. By natural or natural polymer is meant a polymer produced / synthesized by living beings (plants, animals, microorganisms) or a polymer resulting from fermentation by bacteria (biotechnology) in its native state; said polymer may have undergone subsequent chemical transformation (s) such as, for example, hydrolysis, esterification, etherification, succinylation; we will then speak of modified natural polymers.

The polymers which may be used in the context of the present invention may be linear or branched, grafted or combed polymers, hyperbranched or dendrimers, or even partially crosslinked; they may be random, alternating, block or block polymers, or even gradient polymers; they may be homopolymers or copolymers.

The polymers that may be used in the context of the present invention may be vinyl polymers, that is to say polymers resulting from the polymerization of monomers comprising ethylenic unsaturation (vinyl monomers). Among the vinyl monomers that may be used, mention may be made, alone or as a mixture: - (i) ethylenic hydrocarbons having 2 to 10 carbons, such as ethylene, isoprene or butadiene;

(ii) (meth) acrylates of formula CH2 = CHCOOR3 or CH2 = C (CH3) 0OOR3 in which R3 represents: a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, especially 4 to 20 or even 6 to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally comprise, intercalated and / or in substitution, one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, N, S, P and the halogen atoms (Cl, Br, I and F); in particular R3 may be methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, hexyl, ethylhexyl, octyl, lauryl, isooctyl, isodecyl, dodecyl, behenyl, stearyl; ethyl-2-perfluorohexyl; or a C1-4-hydroxyalkyl group such as 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxybutyl and 2-hydroxypropyl; or an alkoxy (C1-4) alkyl (C1-4) group such as methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl and methoxypropyl; - a C3-C12 cycloalkyl group, such as isobornyl, cyclohexyl, t-butylcyclohexyl, - a C3 aryl group with C20 such as phenyl; - C4-C30 aralkyl group (C1-C8 alkyl group) such as 2-phenylethyl, t-butylbenzyl or benzyl; - a heterocyclic group of 4 to 12-membered ring containing one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, N, and S, the ring being aromatic or not, - a heterocycloalkyl (alkyl of 1 to 4 C) group, such as furfurylmethyl or tetrahydrofurfurylmethyl, said cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic or heterocycloalkyl groups possibly being substituted by one or more substituents selected from hydroxyl groups, halogen atoms, and linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl groups, which may optionally include, intercalated and / or substituted, one or several heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, P and halogen atoms (Cl, Br, I and F); a group - (C2H4O) n, - R, with m = 5 to 150 and R = H or C1 to C30 alkyl, for example -POE-methyl or -POE-behenyl; (iii) (meth) acrylamides of formula CH2 = CHCONR6R7 or CH2 = C (CH3) CON R6R7 in which R6 and R7, which may be identical or different, represent: a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular 4 to 20 or even 6 to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally comprise, intercalated and / or substituted one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, P and halogen atoms (Cl, Br, I and F); in particular R6 and / or R7 can be methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, hexyl, ethylhexyl, octyl, lauryl, isooctyl, isodecyl, dodecyl, behenyl, stearyl; ethyl-2-perfluorohexyl; or a C1-4 hydroxyalkyl group such as 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxybutyl and 2-hydroxypropyl; or a (C1-4) alkoxy (C1-4) alkyl group such as methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl and methoxypropyl, - a C3-C12 cycloalkyl group, such as isobornyl, cyclohexyl, t-butylcyclohexyl; a C 3 to C 20 aryl group such as phenyl, a C 4 to C 30 aralkyl group (C 1 to C 8 alkyl group) such as 2-phenylethyl, t-butylbenzyl or benzyl, a heterocyclic group of 4 to 12; linkages containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, and S, the ring being aromatic or not, - a heterocycloalkyl (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) group, such as furfurylmethyl or tetrahydrofurfurylmethyl, said cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic or heterocycloalkyl which may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents chosen from hydroxyl groups, halogen atoms and linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl groups, which may optionally include, intercalated and / or substituted, one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, P and halogen atoms (Cl, Br, I and F); (iv) vinyl compounds of formula CH 2 CHCH-R 9, CH 2 CHCH-CH 2 -R 9 or CH 2 CC (CH 3) -CH 2 -R 9 in which R 9 is a nitrile, hydroxyl or halogen (Cl or F) group, NH 2, OR 14 wherein R 14 is phenyl or C 1 -C 12 alkyl (the mono-mother is a vinyl or allyl ether); acetamide (NHCOCH3); an OCOR15 group where R15 represents an alkyl group of 2 to 12 carbons, linear or branched (the monomer is a vinyl or allyl ester); or a group chosen from: a linear or branched alkyl group of 1 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular 4 to 20 or even 6 to 18 carbon atoms, which may optionally comprise, inter-stalled and / or substituted, one or a plurality of heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, P and halogen atoms (Cl, Br, I and F); a C 3 to C 12 cycloalkyl group such as isobornyl, cyclohexyl, a C 3 to C 20 aryl group such as phenyl, a C 4 to C 6 aralkyl group (C 1 to C 6 alkyl group) such as 2-phenylethyl; benzyl, - a 4- to 12-membered heterocyclic group containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, and S, the ring being aromatic or not, - a heterocycloalkyl (C 1 -C 4 alkyl) group, such as furfurylmethyl or tetrahydrofurfurylmethyl, said cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic or heterocycloalkyl groups being capable of being optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from hydroxyl groups, halogen atoms and linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl groups, which may optionally include, interposed and / or in substitution, one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, N, S, P and the halogen atoms (Cl, Br, I and F); (v) monomers containing ethylenic unsaturation (s) comprising at least one carboxylic, phosphoric or sulphonic acid function, such as, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, vinylbenzoic acid, vinylphosphoric acid and salts thereof; or maleic anhydride;

(vi) the monomers of formula: ## STR1 ## in which: R 1 = H or methyl, R 2, R 3 and R 4, which may be identical or different, represent groups C1-C6 alkyl or -OS1 (R5) 3 group with R5 = methyl or ethyl; preferably R2, R3 and / or R4 represent, independently of one another, -OSi (Me) 3 and / or methyl; n is an integer from 1 to 10, preferably equal to 1 or 3. - (vii) the monomers of formula: ## STR2 ## in which: R 8 = H or methyl; - R9 denotes a divalent hydrocarbon group, linear or branched, preferably linear, C1-C10 and optionally containing one or two -O- ether linkages; preferably ethylene, propylene or butylene; - R10 denotes a linear or branched alkyl, C1-C10, especially C2-C8, preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl; n denotes an integer of 1 to 300, preferably from 3 to 200, and preferably from 5 to 100.

(viii) the monomers of formula: ## STR1 ## wherein R 'is O-Si R 3 SiO-Si-CH 3 R 1 1H 2 C = CCO- (CH 2) n Si In which: R1 = H or methyl; n is an integer from 1 to 10, preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4; R'2, R "2, R '; 3 and R "3, which may be identical or different, represent a C1-C10 alkyl group, preferably methyl or ethyl; R3 is a divalent C2-C10 alkylene group, preferably C2 or C3; between 1 and 10, especially i = 1, 2 or 3; when i = 2 to 10, X (i), identical or different, represents a group -R4-Si- [O- (R'3) ( R "3) -X (i-1)] 3, with R4, identical or different, representing a di-valent C2-C10 alkylene group, preferably C2 or C3; and X (1) represents H or a C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, especially methyl or ethyl;

and in particular the following monomers, wherein R 1 = H or methyl: R 1 H 2 C = C -O-C 3 H 6 O CH 3 Si 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 SiO 3 CH 3 SiH 3 If R 1 H 2 C = C -O-C 3 H 6 O CH 3 O -Si "CH 1 CH 3 Si 2 4 C 6 H 5 SiH 3 O 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 O-Si-C6H5 3 C6H5 3 R1 H2C = C-O-C2H4 OCH3 O -Si CH3C8H17 SiO-SiC8H17 3 C8H17 Si 2 4 3 11H2C = CCO-C3H6O3H3 ## STR2 ## C2H4 Si-CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 - (ix) POSS or POS-type ethylenic monomers of the following structure: in which R, identical or different, is a C1-C6 linear alkyl group; C10, preferably methyl, or cyclic C3-C12, preferably C5. Mention may in particular be made of methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, cyclodecyl (meth) acrylate, neopentyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) lauryl acrylate, behenyl (meth) acrylate, PEG (meth) acrylate, (meth) acryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane, (meth) acryloxypropyl-bis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsilane, (meth) acryloxymethyltris- (trimethylsiloxy) silane, (meth) acryloxymethylbis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsilane; (meth) acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; (meth) acryloxypropyltris (triethylsiloxy) silane, (meth) acryloxymethyltris (triethylsiloxy) silane, (meth) acryloxypropyltriethoxysilane; (meth) acrylamide, N-ethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-butyl (meth) acrylamide, Nt-butyl (meth) acrylamide, N-isopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dibutyl (meth) acrylamide, N-octyl (meth) acrylamide, N-dodecyl (meth) acrylamide, N-undecyl (meth) acrylamide and N-2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylamide; dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine; vinylcyclohexane, styrene; vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl ethylhexanoate, vinyl neononanoate and vinyl neododecanoate; vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether and vinyl isobutyl ether, and mixtures thereof.

The salts may be formed by neutralization of the anionic groups with the aid of a mineral base, such as LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2, NH 4 OH or Zn (OH) 2; Or an organic base such as a primary, secondary or tertiary alkylamine, especially triethylamine or butylamine. This primary, secondary or tertiary alkylamine may comprise one or more nitrogen and / or oxygen atoms and may therefore comprise, for example, one or more alcohol functions; mention may in particular be made of 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, triethanolamine and dimethylamino-2-propanol. We can also mention lysine or 3- (dimethylamino) -propylamine. Mention may also be made of mineral acid salts, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, phosphoric acid and boric acid. Mention may also be made of organic acid salts, which may comprise one or more carboxylic acid, sulphonic acid or phosphonic acid groups. It may be linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic acids or aromatic acids. These acids may furthermore comprise one or more heteroatoms chosen from O and N, for example in the form of hydroxyl groups. These include propionic acid, acetic acid, terephthalic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid. The polymers may, depending on their solubility, be solubilized or dispersed in the medium comprising at least one compound of formula (I).

We describe hereinafter several examples of polymers that can be dissolved or dispersed in an organic medium comprising at least one compound of formula (I); these particular cases, although preferred, are in no way limiting.

In a particular embodiment, the polymer that may be used in the context of the invention is a block polymer comprising at least a first block and at least a second block, which preferably have glass transition temperatures (Tg). ) different.

It is specified that the terms "first" and "second" sequences do not condition the order of said sequences (or blocks) in the polymer structure. Preferably, the first and second blocks have different glass transition temperatures, with a gap generally greater than 5 ° C, preferably greater than 10 ° C, and more preferably greater than 20 ° C.

Advantageously, said sequenced ethylenic polymer is linear, branched or grafted; preferably it does not include a monomer or multifunctional compound, voluntarily added, and capable of generating branching and / or crosslinking. Advantageously, said sequences are incompatible with each other. By "sequences incompatible with each other" it is meant that the mixture formed of the polymer corresponding to the first block and the polymer corresponding to the second block is not miscible in the polymerization solvent by weight of the polymer. sequenced, at ambient temperature (25 ° C.) and atmospheric pressure (105 Pa), for a content of the polymer mixture greater than or equal to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the mixture (polymers and solvent), it being understood that i) said polymers are present in the mixture in a content such that the respective weight ratio ranges from 10/90 to 90/10, and that ii) each of the polymers corresponding to the first and second blocks has an average molecular weight (in weight or in number) equal to that of the sequenced poly-mother +/- 15%. In the case of a mixture of polymerization solvents, assuming two or more solvents present, said polymer mixture is immiscible in at least one of them. Of course, in the case of a polymerization carried out in a single solvent, the latter is the majority solvent. Advantageously, said sequences may be interconnected by an intermediate segment comprising at least one constituent monomer ml of the first block and at least one constituent monomer m2 of the second block. Preferably, said intermediate segment forms an intermediate sequence (or block). Preferably, m2 is different from ml. Said segment or intermediate sequence can in particular make it possible to "compatibilize" these first and second sequences. Advantageously, when present, the intermediate segment or sequence comprising at least one constituent monomer of the first block and at least one constituent monomer of the second block of the polymer is a random polymer. Preferably, said segment or intermediate sequence is derived essentially from monomers constituting the first sequence and the second sequence. By "essentially" is meant at least 85%, preferably at least 90%, better at 95% and even better at 100%. Advantageously, said block polymer is film-forming.

Advantageously, it comprises two blocks (diblock) or three blocks (triblock). Each block, or block, of the polymer according to the invention is derived from one type of monomer or from several different types of monomer. This means that each sequence may consist of a homopolymer or a copolymer, which may be random, alternating or otherwise.

The block polymer according to the invention preferably comprises at least one block having a Tg greater than or equal to 20 ° C and a block having a Tg strictly less than 20 ° C. Preferably, one of the sequences has a Tg between 20 ° C and 160 ° C, especially between 40 ° C and 120 ° C, preferably between 50 ° C and 110 ° C. Preferably, one of the sequences has a Tg between -150 ° C and 20 ° C (excluded), especially between -100 ° C and 10 ° C, preferably between -50 ° C and 0 ° C. Preferably, the sequence having the highest Tg is in major amount, by weight, relative to the other sequences.

Preferably, the sequenced polymer according to the invention consists exclusively of a first and a second sequence (it is then a diblock), or exclusively of a first sequence, a second sequence and a intermediate segment which is preferably an intermediate sequence (it can be a triblock).

When the block polymer does not comprise a sequence or intermediate segment (diblock), the sequence having the highest Tg can be present in the block polymer in an amount of 50 to 90% by weight, in particular 55 to 80% and even better from 60 to 75% by weight, relative to the total weight of the block polymer, and the second block may be present in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight, in particular 20 to 45% by weight and even more preferably 25 to 40% by weight. weight, based on the total weight of the sequenced polymer.

When the block polymer comprises an intermediate sequence or segment, the sequence having the highest Tg may be present in the sequenced polymer in an amount of 45 to 90% by weight, especially 50 to 80% and even more preferably 55 to 75%. by weight, based on the total weight of the sequenced polymer; the second block may be present in an amount of 9 to 45% by weight, especially 10 to 40% by weight and more preferably 20 to 35% by weight, relative to the total weight of the sequenced polymer; the segment, or sequence, intermediate can represent 1 to 10% by weight, especially 2 to 7% by weight and more preferably 3 to 5% by weight, of the total weight of the block polymer.

As mentioned above, said first and / or second sequences may consist of a homopolymer or a copolymer, which may be random, alternating or other, preferably random. The chemical nature and / or the amount of the monomers constituting each of the sequences can of course be chosen by those skilled in the art, on the basis of his general knowledge, to obtain sequences having the required Tg.

Thus, the monomers constituting all or part of said sequences, in particular the first and / or second sequences, may be chosen from, alone or as a mixture, the monomers mentioned above (families (i) to (v)). Preferably, they are chosen from, alone or as a mixture, the methacrylates of formula: CH 2 = C (CH 3) -COOR 1 in which R 1 represents a linear or branched C 1 -C 12 unsubstituted alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group C4 to C12; acrylates of formula: ## STR2 ## wherein R 2 represents a linear or branched C 1 to C 12 unsubstituted alkyl group or a C 4 to C 12 cycloalkyl group such as an isobornyl group; the (meth) acrylamides of formula: CH2 = CR'-CO-NR'R8 with R 'representing H or CH3, and R7 and R8, which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C12 alkyl group; linear or branched, such as n-butyl, t-butyl, isopropyl, isohexyl, isooctyl, or isononyl; or alternatively R7 is H and R8 is 1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid. vinyl esters of formula R 5 -CO-O-CH =CH 2 where R 5 represents a linear or branched C 4 to C 12 alkyl group; (C 4 -C 12 alkyl) vinyl ethers, in particular methyl vinyl ether and ethyl vinyl ether; N- (C4-C12alkyl) acrylamides, such as N-octylacrylamide,

It is particularly possible to mention isobornyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate. stearyl, behenyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylic acid; methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the monomers are chosen from, alone or as a mixture: C 1 -C 4 alkyl or C 3 -C 12 cycloalkyl methacrylates, and in particular methyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate; tert-butyl acrylates, methyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate and isobornyl acrylate; acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.

The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the block polymer according to the invention is preferably between 25,000 and 1,000,000, more preferably between 30,000 and 750,000, or even between 40,000 and 500,000, and preferably between 50,000 and 250000.

The weight average molar masses (Mw) and number (Mn) are determined by gel permeation liquid chromatography (solvent THF, calibration curve established with linear polystyrene standards, refractometric detector and UV). Preferably, the polydispersity index of said sequenced polymer is greater than 2, for example ranging from 2 to 9, preferably greater than or equal to 2.5, for example ranging from 2.5 to 8, and better still from 2, 8 to 7. The polydispersity index Ip of the polymer is equal to the ratio of the weight average mass Mw to the number average mass Mn.

Said sequenced polymer may in particular be prepared according to the processes described in Applications EP1411069 and EP1882709.

B / In another particular embodiment, the polymer that may be used in the context of the invention is an acrylic polymer comprising a backbone advantageously insoluble in an organic medium and a portion that is advantageously soluble in said medium, consisting of side chains covalently linked to said backbone, said polymer being capable of being obtained by radical polymerization in said organic medium: from one or more acrylic monomers, to form said optionally insoluble backbone; one or more macromonomers comprising a terminal group capable of reacting during polymerization to form side chains, said macromonomer (s) having a molecular weight greater than or equal to 200; said optionally soluble portion representing 0.05 to 20% by weight of the polymer, said polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 300,000.

Preferably, the acrylic polymer has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 20,000 to 200,000, more preferably 25,000 to 150,000. The acrylic polymers can be in various forms, particularly in the form of random polymers.

The choice of monomers constituting the backbone of the polymers and macromonomers, as well as the size of the polymer, side chains and the proportion of side chains will be according to the desired properties, and in particular depending on the organic medium so as to be able to obtain, if desired, a dispersion of stable polymer particles in said medium, which choice may be made by those skilled in the art.

As examples of acrylic monomers capable of constituting, after polymerization, the skeleton of said polymer, mention may be made of the following monomers, alone or as a mixture:

the (meth) acrylates of formula CH 2 CHCHCOOR 3 or CH 2 CC (CH 3) O ORR 3 in which R 3 represents a linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl group or a C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl group, said groups possibly comprising in their chain one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, N and S, which may comprise one or more substituents chosen from a group consisting of OH, halogen atoms, and (meth) acrylamides of formula CH2 = CHCONR6R7 or CH2 = C (CH 3) CON R 6 R 7 in which R 6 and R 7, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl group; vinyl esters of formula R 6 -COO-CH =CH 2 in which R 6 represents a linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, or a C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl group, or an aromatic group, for example of benzene type, anthracene, and naphthalenic; monomers containing ethylenic unsaturation (s) comprising at least one carboxylic or sulphonic acid function, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, vinylbenzoic acid, vinylphosphoric acid and salts thereof; ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing at least one tertiary amine functional group, such as 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide and the salts thereof. this.

The macromonomers constituting, after reaction, the side chains of the acrylic polymer comprise an end group capable of reacting during the polymerization with the acrylic monomers or the growing backbone to form said chains. This terminal group may be an ethylenically unsaturated group, in particular a (meth) acryloyl group. By way of examples of macromonomonomers that may be used, mention may be made of: polyolefins with a (meth) acryloyl end group, such as those based on polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene-polypropylene, polyethylene-polybutylene, polyisoprene, polybutadiene, polyethylene butylene) -polyisoprene and more particularly poly (ethylene / butylene) methacrylate sold under the name Kraton Liquid L-1253 by Kraton Polymers; homopolymers or copolymers of linear or branched C 8 -C 22 alkyl acrylate or methacrylate having a (meth) acryloyl end group, such as macromonomers based on poly (2-ethylhexyl acrylate), poly ( dodecyl acrylate); polydimethylsiloxanes, such as methacryloxypropyl polydimethylsiloxanes sold under the name PS560-K6 by UCT or under the name MCR-M17 by Gelest Inc.

Particularly advantageous polymers are those obtained by polymerization of methyl acrylate and polyethylene / polybutylene macromer (Kraton L-1253), especially in isododecane; or - methoxyethyl acrylate and polyethylene / polybutylene macromonomer (Kraton L-1253), especially in isododecane; or - methyl acrylate and monomethacryloxypropylpolydimethylsiloxane macromonomer (PS560-K6), especially in decamethylcyclopentasiloxane.

Said acrylic polymer is therefore preferably a polymer obtained by free-radical polymerization between: one or more monomers comprising at least one ethylenic unsaturation, the corresponding homopolymer or copolymers of which are insoluble in the organic medium in question, that is to say the aforementioned homopolymer or copolymers are in solid (or undissolved) form at a concentration greater than or equal to 5% by weight at ambient temperature in said nonaqueous organic medium; with one or more macromonomers whose homopolymer or the corresponding statistical copolymers are soluble in the organic medium in question, that is to say that the abovementioned homopolymer or copolymers are completely dissolved at a concentration greater than or equal to 5% by weight and at room temperature in said non-aqueous organic medium.

The term "organic medium" means a medium consisting of one or more non-aqueous compounds, said medium may contain at most 10/0 by weight of water. The term "macromonomer" is understood to mean any oligomer having on one of its ends a terminal group capable of reacting during the polymerization reaction to form the side chains, said group possibly being an ethylenically unsaturated group capable of radical polymerization. with the acrylic monomers, a reactive functional group capable of reacting with the acrylic monomers or with the skeleton being formed during the polymerization. Thus, said acrylic polymers are preferably in the form of insoluble polymers comprising a skeleton (or main chain) consisting of a sequence of acrylic units resulting from the polymerization of one or more acrylic monomers and comprising side chains (or grafts) derived from the reaction of the macromonomers, said side chains being covalently linked to said skeleton (or main chain). The backbone (or main chain) is insoluble in the organic medium under consideration while the side chains (or grafts) are soluble in said medium. Thanks to the aforementioned characteristics, the polymers can have the capacity, in a given organic medium, to fold on themselves, thus forming particles of substantially spherical shape, with around the periphery of these particles the extended lateral chains, which provide the stability of these particles. Such particles have the particular feature of not agglomerate in said medium and thus to self-stabilize and form a dispersion in said medium of particularly stable polymer particles. It is specified that by stable dispersion is meant, according to the invention, a dispersion which is not capable of forming a solid deposit, or phase shift liquid / solid especially after centrifugation, for example, at 4000 revolutions / min for 15 minutes. minutes. In particular, the polymers of the invention are capable of forming particles of average size ranging from 10 to 400 nm, preferably from 20 to 200 nm, in a considered organic medium. Preferably, the part consisting of side chains according to the invention represents 0.1 to 15%, more preferably 0.1 to 10%, or more preferably 0.2 to 10% of the total weight of the polymer. Preferably, the macromonomers according to the invention have a weight-average molecular weight ranging from 200 to 20,000, preferably from 500 to 15,000. Thus, the polymers can form a dispersion of particles in a nonaqueous organic medium; these particles are individual, self-stabilized, without forming agglomerates of particles and insoluble sediments after placing the dispersion at rest, for example, one day at room temperature.

The organic medium is a liquid medium consisting of at least one non-aqueous liquid compound and can be defined with respect to the overall Hansen solubility parameter 8. The overall solubility parameter 8 according to the Hansen solubility space is defined in the article "Solubility parameter values" by Grulke in "Polymer Handbook", 3rd edition, Chapter VII, pages 519-559 by the relation: (dD2 + dp2 + dH2) 1/2 in which: - dD characterizes the forces of LONDON dispersion resulting from the formation of dipoles induced during molecular impacts; - dp characterizes the DEBYE interaction forces between permanent dipoles; dH characterizes the specific interaction forces (hydrogen bond, acid / base, donor / acceptor type, etc.). The definition of solvents in the Hansen solubility space is described in Hansen's article, "The three dimensional solubility parameters", J.Paint Technol. 39, 105 (1967). The organic medium may consist of at least one liquid compound selected from the group consisting, alone or as a mixture, of: non-aqueous liquid compounds having an overall solubility parameter according to the Hansen solubility space of less than 17 ( MPa) 1 "2 - monoalcohols having a global solubility parameter according to the Hansen solubility space less than or equal to 20 (MPa) 1" 2

Among the nonaqueous liquid compounds having an overall solubility parameter according to the Hansen solubility space of less than or equal to 17 (MPa) 1 -2, there may be liquid fatty substances, in particular oils, which may be chosen from natural or synthetic, carbonated, hydrocarbon-based, fluorinated and / or silicone oils, optionally branched, alone or in a mixture, Among these oils, mention may be made of vegetable oils formed by esters of fatty acids and of polyols, in particular the triglycerides, such as sunflower, sesame or rapeseed oil, or esters derived from long-chain (ie having from 6 to 20 carbon) acids or alcohols, esters of formula RCOOR 'in which R represents the residue of a higher fatty acid having from 7 to 19 carbon atoms and R' represents a hydrocarbon chain containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as palmitates, adipates and benzoat es, especially diisopropyl adipate. Mention may also be made of linear, branched and / or cyclic alkanes, which may be volatile, and in particular paraffin oils, petroleum jelly oils, or hydrogenated polyisobutylene, isododecane, or also 'ISOPARS', volatile isoparaffins. Esters, ethers and ketones may also be mentioned. Mention may also be made of silicone oils such as polydimethylsiloxanes and polymethylphenylsiloxanes, optionally substituted with aliphatic and / or aromatic groups, optionally fluorinated, or with functional groups such as hydroxyl, thiol and / or amine groups, and oils volatile silicone, especially cyclic silicone. In particular, mention may be made of linear, branched or cyclic esters having more than 6 carbon atoms; ethers having more than 6 carbon atoms and ketones having more than 6 carbon atoms. By monoalcohols having an overall solubility parameter according to the Hansen solubility space less than or equal to 20 (MPa) 1 -2, is meant aliphatic fatty monoalcohols having at least 6 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon chain having no grouping. As monoalcohols according to the invention, mention may be made of oleic alcohol, decanol, dodecanol, octadecanol and linoleic alcohol.

The organic medium in question, however, contains at least one 4-carboxy-2-pyrrolidinone derivative of formula (I) as defined above. This derivative, alone or as a mixture, may be the only constituent of the organic medium in which the acrylic polymer is dispersed; said medium may however also comprise a non-aqueous liquid compound as defined above.

Preferably, said compound of formula (I) represents 1 to 90% by weight, in particular 2 to 70% by weight, or even 5 to 50% by weight, of the organic medium in which said acrylic polymer is dispersed, the balance being constituted by the non-aqueous liquid compound (s). The compound of formula (I) may, when used with at least one nonaqueous liquid compound, act as a co-dispersant of the acrylic polymer.

It is thus possible to obtain in the end a non-aqueous dispersion comprising a non-aqueous organic medium which comprises at least one compound of formula (I) and particles consisting of at least one acrylic polymer as defined above. Advantageously, the polymer particles are in the form of nanometric particles, having an average size ranging from 10 to 400 nm, preferably from 20 to 200 nm. Due to this very small size, the particles entering into the dispersion constitution are particularly stable and therefore unlikely to form agglomerates. Therefore, the dispersion of particles is a stable dispersion, in the non-aqueous organic medium under consideration and does not form sediments, when it is placed, for example, at room temperature for an extended period of time (for example 24 hours). .

Such dispersions may in particular be prepared according to the processes described in applications EP1428844 and EP1428843.

In another particular embodiment of the invention, the polymer that may be used in the context of the invention is a polymer stabilized on the surface with a stabilizing agent. It has indeed been found that the polymer described below can lead to very small, in particular nanometric, generally spherical polymer particles in dispersion in an organic medium. The nanoparticles are preferably of a size between 5 and 600 nm. The polymers used can be of any kind. It is thus possible to use radical polymers, polycondensates, polymers of natural origin, as defined above. These polymers may in particular be partially crosslinked. Among the preferred monomers that can be used to prepare said polymer, mention may be made, alone or as a mixture, of: methacrylates of formula: CH 2 = C (CH 3) -000 R 1 in which R 1 represents a linear, unsubstituted alkyl group; or branched, C1-C12, or a C4-C12 cycloalkyl group; acrylates of formula: ## STR2 ## wherein R 2 represents a linear or branched C 1 to C 12 unsubstituted alkyl group or a C 4 to C 12 cycloalkyl group such as an isobornyl group; (-) (meth) acrylamides of formula: CH2 = CR'-CO-NR'R8 with R 'representing H or CH3, and R7 and R8, which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C8 alkyl group; Linear or branched, such as n-butyl, t-butyl, isopropyl, isohexyl, isooctyl, or isononyl; or alternatively R7 is H and R8 is 1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid, and salts thereof. - maleic anhydride; styrene; the vinyl esters of formula R 5 -CO-O-CH =CH 2 where R 5 represents a linear or branched C 4 to C 12 alkyl group.

Mention may especially be made of methyl (meth) acrylate, styrene and tert-butyl acrylate.

The polymer particles are surface stabilized.

In a first embodiment, the particles may be stabilized at the surface as the polymerization progresses, thanks to a stabilizer which may be in particular a block polymer, a graft polymer, and / or a random polymer, alone or as a mixture . The stabilization can be carried out by any known means, and in particular by polymerization in the presence of the stabilizer. Preferably, the stabilizer is present in the mixture at the start of the polymerization. However, it is also possible to add it continuously, especially when continuously adding monomers. In a second embodiment, the polymer may be synthesized in a synthetic solvent, then dispersed in a non-aqueous dispersion medium by adding the dispersant, and the evaporated synthetic solvent. It is possible to use from 0.1 to 30% by weight of stabilizer relative to the weight of the initial monomer mixture, and preferably from 1 to 25% by weight, preferably from 2 to 20% by weight, or even from 3 to 15% by weight. weight.

In particular, the stabilizer, alone or in a mixture, may be used: (a) silicone polymers grafted with a hydrocarbon chain and hydrocarbon polymers grafted with a silicone chain. (b) graft polymers having an insoluble polyacrylic backbone with soluble poly (12-hydroxystearic acid) type grafts. (c) grafted or sequenced block copolymers comprising at least one block of polyorganosiloxane type and at least one block of a polymer (i) resulting from the radical polymerization or (ii) resulting from a polycondensation, in particular of polyether type, polyester or polyamide, or a mixture thereof, said copolymer may comprise fluorinated entities; As graft or block block copolymers comprising at least one block of polyorganosiloxane type and at least one block of a radical polymer, there may be mentioned graft copolymers of acrylic / silicone type which can be used in particular when the organic medium is silicone.

When the grafted or sequenced block copolymers comprise at least one block of polyorganosiloxane type and at least one polyether block, the polyorganopolysiloxane block may in particular be a polydimethylsiloxane or else a poly (C2-C18) alkylsiloxane; the polyether block may be a C2-C18 polyalkylene, in particular polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene. It is thus possible to use the dimethicones copolyol or else the (C2-C18) alkylicone copolyol, optionally crosslinked. It is possible, for example, to use the dimethicone copolyol sold under the name "Dow Corning 3225C" by the company Dow Corning or the lauryl methicone copolyol sold under the name "Dow Corning Q2-5200" by the company Dow Corning. dimethicone co-polyol crosspolymer, for example KSG31 or KSG32 from Shin-Etsu, cetyl dimethicone copolyol such as DMC 3071 from GE, and dimethicone copolyol PPG-3-oleyl ether such as KF-6026 from Shin Etsu. (d) block copolymers comprising at least one block A resulting from the polymerization of non-acrylic ethylenic monomer, and at least one block B resulting from the polymerization of vinyl monomer, especially (meth) acrylic, (meth) acrylamide or styrene, or polyether, polyester or polyamide, or mixtures thereof The non-acrylic ethylenic monomers may comprise one or more optionally conjugated ethylenic bonds, and in particular be dienes Whether conjugated or not, non-acrylic means no acrylic, methacrylic group, including without acrylate group, methacrylate. In particular, mention may be made of ethylene, butadiene, isobutylene, isoprene and mixtures thereof. When the ethylenic monomer comprises several optionally conjugated ethylenic bonds, the residual ethylenic unsaturations after the polymerization are generally hydrogenated. Thus, in known manner, the polymerization of isoprene leads, after hydrogenation, to the formation of ethylene-propylene block, and the polymerization of butadiene leads, after hydrogenation, to the formation of ethylene-butylene block. Block A may therefore be of the polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene or polyisobutylene type, and their copolymers. When selected from polyethers, it may be polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene and copolymers thereof.

Block B resulting from the polymerization of vinyl monomer can in particular be a block of styrenic polymer. It is therefore particularly possible to mention diblock or triblock copolymers of the polystyrene / polyisoprene, polystyrene / polybutadiene type such as those sold under the name 'LUVITOL HSB' by BASF, of the polystyrene / copoly (ethylene-propylene) type, such as those sold under the KRATON name by Shell Chemical, preferably of the polystyrene-b-poly (ethylene-butylene) type (Kraton G1701) or polystyrene-bpoly (ethylene-butylene) -b-polystyrene (Kraton G1650).

As block copolymers comprising a block resulting from the polymerization of non-acrylic ethylenic monomer and a block of (meth) acrylic polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate, mention may be made of poly (methyl methacrylate) / polyisobutylene bi- or triblock copolymers or graft block copolymers with poly (methyl methacrylate) skeleton and polyisobutylene grafts.

As graft or block block copolymers comprising a block resulting from the polymerization of non-acrylic ethylenic monomer and a polyether block such as a C2-C18 polyoxyalkylene, in particular polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene, mention may be made of two or three-block copolymers polyoxyethylene / polybutadiene or polyoxyethylene / polyisobutylene. (e) alkyl-dimethicones in which the alkyl group comprises 6 to 32 carbon atoms, such as lauryl meticone and stearyl methicone, in particular Si tec LDM 3107 from ISP, cetyl dimethicone such as ABIL Wax 9801 behenoxydimethicone, such as Goldschmidt's ABIL 5440; and (f) the dimethiconol ester of formula: ## STR3 ## in which R is an alkyl radical having 6 to 32 carbon atoms, such as dimethiconol behenate, and in particular NOVEON's ULTRABEE products. and Pecosil DB from Phoenix Chemical.

(g) alkylamidoamines having in particular 6 to 60 carbon atoms, especially 12 to 50, such as behenamidopropyldimethylamine and in particular Catemol 220 from Phoenix Chemical, of formula:

0 C 4H:

C H.3 (E-1H 2) -C-N- (CH 2) W N -H-O C (C 2 H) 2 CH; CH 3 - (h) polymers of formula: ## STR3 ## wherein x is an integer of between 3 and 12, preferably 5 and 10, in particular x = 8; y is an integer of 2 to 6, preferably 2 or 3; and m and n are such that the molecular weight of the compound is from 5,000 to 15,000.

Preferably, the stabilizer is chosen from block copolymers comprising at least one block A resulting from the polymerization of non-acrylic ethylenic monomer, and at least one block B resulting from the polymerization of vinyl monomer, in particular (meth) acrylic, (meth) acrylamide or styrenic, or polyether, polyester or polyamide, or mixtures thereof.

Said polymers may therefore be in the form of particles dispersed in an organic dispersion medium, as defined above. Said organic medium may comprise non-aqueous liquid compounds having an overall solubility parameter according to the HANSEN solubility space of less than or equal to 17 (MPa) 1 -2, and / or the monoalcohols having an overall solubility parameter according to US Pat. HANSEN solubility space less than or equal to 20 (MPa) 1 -2.

The organic medium in question, however, contains at least one 4-carboxy-2-pyrrolidinone derivative of formula (I) as defined above. This derivative, alone or as a mixture, may be the only constituent of the organic medium in which the stabilized polymer is dispersed; said medium may however also comprise a non-aqueous liquid compound and / or a monoalcohol, as defined above. Preferably, said compound of formula (I) represents 1 to 90% by weight, in particular 2 to 70% by weight, or even 5 to 50% by weight, of the organic medium in which said stabilized polymer is dispersed, the balance being constituted by the additional carbon / silicone compounds. The compound of formula (I) may, when used with at least one carbon compound, act as a co-dispersant of the polymer.

It is thus possible to obtain in the end a non-aqueous dispersion comprising an organic medium which comprises at least one compound of formula (I) and particles consisting of at least one polymer stabilized with a stabilizing agent as defined above.

Such dispersions can in particular be prepared according to the processes described in patent application EP749747.

D / In yet another particular embodiment of the invention, the polymer that may be used in the context of the invention is a copolymer that comprises at least a first sequence that is soluble in the organic medium and at least a second sequence. insoluble in said medium. Preferably, the sequences are of the homopolymer or gradient type. Preferably, the copolymer is of the 'diblock' type, that is to say that it comprises only two sequences, one being soluble in the medium, the other being insoluble therein; it can however be of the 'triblock' type, and in this case, the sequence of the soluble and insoluble blocks is preferably alternated. Preferably, the copolymer is linear; however, it can be branched and / or grafted. Preferably, the copolymer is not crosslinked; by this is meant that there is no intentional addition of a compound intended to crosslink (crosslinking agent). By soluble, it is meant that the sequence is completely dissolved (no apparent deposit, no agglomerate or insoluble sediment), visually, at 20 ° C, at a concentration greater than or equal to 5% by weight, in the medium in question.

The copolymers preferably have a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of between 1,000 and 700,000, especially between 10,000 and 500,000, and more preferably between 15,000 and 350,000, or even between 25,000 and 150,000. Preferably, the copolymer has a mass polydispersity index (Ip) less than or equal to 6, preferably between 1.05 and 4, in particular between 1.1 and 3, or even between 1.15 and 2.5.

The copolymer according to the invention thus comprises a first soluble sequence in the organic medium and at least a second sequence, insoluble in said medium.

The soluble sequence preferably comprises 50 to 100% by weight of monomer (s) soluble in said medium, in particular 60 to 90% by weight, and even more preferably 70 to 80% by weight of soluble monomer (s). (s), alone or in a mixture. However, it may also comprise 0 to 50% by weight, especially 10 to 40% by weight, or even 20 to 30% by weight of monomer (s) insoluble (s) in said mid-place, alone or in mixture. Similarly, the insoluble sequence preferably comprises 50 to 100% by weight of monomer (s) insoluble in said medium, in particular 60 to 90% by weight, and more preferably 70 to 80% by weight of monomer. (s) insoluble (s), alone or in combination. It may however also comprise 0 to 50% by weight, especially 10 to 40% by weight, or even 20 to 30% by weight of monomer (s) soluble (s) in said medium, alone or in mixture.

By monomer soluble in the medium is meant any monomer whose homopolymer is in soluble form that is to say completely dissolved at a concentration greater than or equal to 5% by weight at room temperature (20 ° C) in said medium . By insoluble monomer is therefore meant any monomer whose homopolymer is not in soluble form that is to say completely dissolved at a concentration greater than or equal to 5% by weight at room temperature (20 ° C) in said middle. However, the insoluble monomers may, as monomers, be soluble in the medium under consideration, provided that they become insoluble after polymerization.

In any case, the proportion of soluble sequence and of sequence insoluble in the copolymer must be such that the copolymer can form a polymeric micelle. Preferably, the insoluble block (or insoluble blocks) represents 30 to 97% by weight of the total weight of the copolymer, in particular 40 to 95% by weight, or even 50 to 93% by weight, in particular 60 to 92% by weight. weight, and still more preferably from 75 to 90% by weight. The soluble block (or the soluble blocks) therefore preferably represents 3 to 70% by weight of the total weight of the copolymer, in particular 5 to 60% by weight, or even 7 to 50% by weight, especially 8 to 60% by weight. at 40% by weight, and still more preferably from 10 to 25% by weight.

As soluble monomer that may be used, the following monomers may be mentioned, alone or as a mixture,: methacrylates of formula CH2 = C (CH3) -COOR1 in which R1 represents a linear or branched C8-C22 alkyl group such as lauryl, behenyl or stearyl; or a cyclic alkyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, such as isobornyl; or else RI represents the tert-butyl group; acrylates of formula CH2 = CH-COOR2 in which R2 represents a linear or branched C8-C22 alkyl group such as lauryl, behenyl or stearyl or 2-ethylhexyl; or a cyclic alkyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, such as isobornyl; or R2 is an isobutyl group; the (meth) acrylamides of formula CH2 = C (CH3) -CONR3R4 or CH2 = CH-CONR3R4, in which R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl group, and R4 represents an alkyl group linear or branched C8-C12, such as isooctyl, isononyl, undecyl; vinyl esters of formula R 5 -CO-O-CH =CH 2 where R 5 represents a linear or branched C 8 to C 22 alkyl group; vinyl alcohol and alcohol ethers of formula R 6 O -CH = CH 2 in which R 6 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms;

As the particularly preferred soluble monomer, mention may be made, alone or as a mixture, of methacrylates of formula CH2 = C (CH3) -COOR1 in which R1 represents a linear or branched C8-C22 alkyl group such as lauryl, behenyl or stearyl ; or a cyclic alkyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, such as isobornyl; or else RI represents the tert-butyl group; acrylates of formula CH2 = CH-COOR2 in which R2 represents a linear or branched C8-C22 alkyl group such as lauryl, behenyl, 2-ethylhexyl or stearyl; or a cyclic alkyl group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, such as isobornyl; or R2 is an isobutyl group. There may be mentioned ethyl 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, beta-phenyl (meth) acrylate , isobutyl acrylate and tert-butyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.

As insoluble monomer that may be used, the following monomers, and their salts and their mixtures, may be mentioned, alone or as a mixture: - (i) (meth) acrylates of formula: CH 2 = C (CH 3) -COOR or in which R '1 represents a group chosen from: a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, said group possibly comprising in its chain one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N and S; and / or may comprise one or more substituents chosen from -OH, the halogen atoms and -NR'R "with R 'and R", which may be identical or different, chosen from linear or branched C 1 -C 4 alkyls; and / or which may be substituted by at least one polyoxyalkylene group, in particular with a C 2 -C 4 alkylene, in particular a polyoxyethylene and / or a polyoxypropylene, said polyoxyalkylene group consisting of the repetition of 5 to 30 oxyalkylene units; this definition excludes tert-butyl methacrylate and isobutyl acrylate. a cyclic alkyl group comprising from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, said group possibly comprising in its chain one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, N and S, and / or possibly containing one or more substituents chosen from OH and the atoms of halogen (F, Cl, Br, I); Examples of R'1 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl, methoxypolyoxyethylene, trifluoroethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, dimethylaminoethyl, diethylaminoethyl, dimethylaminopropyl.

(ii) (meth) acrylamides of formula: ## STR1 ## in which: represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which may comprise one or more substituents chosen from -OH, the halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, I) and -NR'R "with R 'and R", which are identical or different, chosen from linear or branched C1-C4 alkyls, or - R'3 represents a hydrogen atom and R'4 represents a group 1, 1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl; As examples of alkyl groups which may constitute R'3 and R'4, mention may be made of n-butyl, t-butyl, n-propyl, dimethylaminoethyl, diethylaminoethyl and dimethylaminopropyl. (iii) ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing at least one carboxylic, phosphoric or sulphonic acid function, such as crotonic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylbenzoic acid, vinylphosphoric acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, and their salts;

(iv) vinyl esters of formula: R '6 -COO-CH = CH 2 in which R' 6 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or an aromatic group, for example of benzene, anthracene, and naphthalenic type;

(v) monomers containing ethylenic unsaturation (s) comprising at least one tertiary amine function, such as 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, and their mixtures. - (vi) styrene and its derivatives; (vii) ethylenic monomers whose ester group contains silanes, silsesquioxanes, siloxanes, carbosiloxane dendrimers as described in patent EP 0 963 751, with the exception of monomers containing only one silicon atom such as than methacryloxypropryl trimethoxysilane. Preferred monomers are (meth) acryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane, (meth) acryloxypropylbis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsilane, (meth) acryloxymethyltris (tri-methylsiloxy) silane, and (meth) acryloxymethylbis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsilane. (viii) the monomers of formula: ## STR2 ## in which: R 8 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; preferably methyl; R 9 denotes a divalent hydrocarbon group, linear or branched, preferably linear, having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally containing one or two ether bonds -O-; preferably ethylene, propylene or butylene; R10 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, especially from 2 to 8 carbon atoms; preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl; N represents an integer ranging from 1 to 300, preferably ranging from 3 to 200, and preferably ranging from 5 to 100. It is possible in particular to use monomethacryloyloxypropyl polydimethylsiloxanes such as those sold under the name PS560-K6 by UCT or under the name MCR-M17 by Gelest Inc. Particularly preferred insoluble monomers include: - (meth) acrylates of formula: CH 2 = C (CH 3) -COOR'i or CH 2 = CH-COOR' 1 and especially methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl (meth) acrylates; isobutyl methacrylate; methoxyethyl or ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylates; trifluoroethyl methacrylate; dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate; monomers containing ethylenic unsaturation (s) comprising at least one carboxylic acid function, and in particular (meth) acrylic acid and its salts; - maleic anhydride; 3315 - ethylenic monomers whose ester group contains silanes; the polydimethylsiloxanes of the following formula: in which: R 8 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; preferably methyl; - R9 denotes a divalent hydrocarbon group, linear or branched, preferably linear, having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally containing one or two -O- ether bonds; preferably ethylene, propylene or butylene; R10 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, especially from 2 to 8 carbon atoms; preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl; n denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 300, preferably ranging from 3 to 200, and preferably ranging from 5 to 100.

More particularly, mention may be made of methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, (meth) acryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane, (meth) acryloxypropylbis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsilane, (meth) acryloxymethyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane, and (meth) acryloxymethylbis (trimethylsiloxy) methylsilane.

Particularly preferred polymers are the following polymers: poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate) -bp (methyl acrylate), poly (isobornyl acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate), poly (2-ethyl hexyl-co-isobornyl acrylate acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate); poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) - poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) -b-poly (methyl acrylate) - poly (2-ethyl hexyl-co-isobornyl acrylate acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) 30-poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate-co-isobornyl co-acid acrylate acrylic) -bpoly (methyl acrylate) - poly (isobornyl acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) - poly (isobornyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) -b-poly (acrylate methyl) - poly (isobutyl acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate) - poly (isobutyl acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) - poly (isobutyl acrylate) -co-acrylic acid) -b-poly (methyl acrylate) - poly (isobutyl acrylate-isobornyl co-acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate) - poly (isobutyl acrylate-co-acrylate isobornyl) -b-poly (methyl acrylate-acrylic acid coacid) 40 - poly (isobutyl acrylate-co-isobornyl acrylate acrylic acid) -b- poly (methyl acrylate) - poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate) -b-poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate) - poly ( 2-ethyl hexyl-co-isobornyl acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate) -b-poly (2-ethyl hexyl-co-isobornyl acrylate) acrylate - poly (2-acrylate) ethyl hexyl-co-acrylic acid) -b-poly (methyl acrylate) -b- poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) - poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate) -b-poly ( methyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) -b- poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate) - poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate-co-isobornyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) -bpoly (methyl acrylate) b-poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate-isobornyl co-acrylic acid co-acrylate) - poly (2-ethyl hexyl-co-isobornyl acrylate acrylate) -b-poly (methyl acrylate) co-acrylic acid) -b-poly (2-ethyl hexyl acrylate-co-isobornyl acrylate)

The polymers thus described can form in an organic medium, a dispersion of particles; these dispersions may in particular be in the form of polymeric micelles (or particles) in stable dispersion in the medium considered. These micelles (or particles) are preferably of a size of between 5 and 1000 nm, preferably 10 to 500 nm, more preferably 20 to 300 nm, or even 30 to 200 nm, which makes it possible to obtain high stability in the time of dispersion. Polymeric micelles means self-dispersed particles obtained by self-assembly of the copolymers as defined below. Thus, it can be considered that the polymerization of the monomer (s) making up the first, initiator and / or control agent sequence leads to a first sequence that is soluble in the medium under consideration. The addition of the monomer (s) intended to compose the core of the particle results in the formation of the copolymer, generally a block, of soluble / insoluble type, a copolymer which will spontaneously be organized into a polymeric micelle, ie to form a self-dispersed polymer particle in a carbonaceous medium.

Said organic dispersion medium preferably comprises at least 50% by weight, in particular from 50 to 100% by weight, for example from 60 to 99% by weight, or from 65 to 95% by weight, or even 70 to 90% by weight. by weight, relative to the total weight of the carbon medium, of a carbon compound, liquid at 25 ° C., having an overall solubility parameter according to the Hansen solubility space less than or equal to 20 (MPa) 1 -2, or a Such liquid carbon compounds having an overall solubility parameter in the HANSEN solubility space of less than or equal to 20 (MPa) 1 "2 can include liquid fatty substances, especially oils, which may be chosen from natural or synthetic, carbonaceous, hydrocarbon-based, optionally fluorinated, optionally branched, oils alone or as a mixture. In particular, mention may be made of vegetable oils formed by esters of fatty acids and of polyols, in particular triglycerides, such as sunflower oil, sesame or rapeseed oil, macadamia oil, soybean oil or sweet almond, calophyllum, palm, grape seed, maize, arara, cotton, apricot, avocado, jojoba, olive or sprout; linear, branched or cyclic esters having more than 6 carbon atoms, especially 6 to 30 carbon atoms; and especially isononyl isononanoate; and more particularly the esters of formula RCOOR 'in which R represents the residue of a higher fatty acid having from 7 to 19 carbon atoms and R' represents a hydrocarbon chain comprising from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as palmitates, adipates, myristates and benzoates, especially diisopropyl adipate and isopropyl myristate; hydrocarbons and especially linear, branched and / or cyclic alkanes, which are volatile or non-volatile, such as C 5 -C 60 isoparaffins, which may be volatile, such as isododecane, Parleam (hydrogenated polyisobutene), isohexadecane or cyclohexane; , or the 'ISOPARs'; or paraffin oils, petroleum jelly, or hydrogenated polyisobutylene. ethers having more than 6 carbon atoms, especially 6 to 30 carbon atoms; ketones having more than 6 carbon atoms, especially 6 to 30 carbon atoms. aliphatic fatty alcohols having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon chain having no substitution group, such as oleic alcohol, decanol, dodecanol, octadecanol, octyldodecanol and linoleic alcohol; ; polyols in particular having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as hexylene glycol; - their mixtures. The organic medium may also comprise silicone oils, which are volatile or non-volatile, alone or as a mixture. Among the nonvolatile silicone oils, there may be mentioned in particular: non-volatile polydialkylsiloxanes, such as non-volatile polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS), optionally substituted with aliphatic and / or aromatic groups, optionally fluorinated, and / or containing functional groups such as hydroxyl groups, thiols and / or amines; and especially polysiloxanes modified with fatty acids (especially C8-C20), fatty alcohols (especially C8-C20) or polyoxyalkylenes (especially polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene); aminated polysiloxanes; polysiloxanes containing hydroxyl groups; the fluorinated polysiloxanes comprising a fluorinated group during or at the end of the silicone chain having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, all or part of the hydrogen of which are substituted by fluorine atoms; polydimethylsiloxanes containing alkyl, alkoxy or phenyl groups, during or in silicone chain end, these groups may have from 2 to 24 carbon atoms; phenyl silicones such as phenyl trimethicones, phenyl dimethicones, phenyl trimethylsiloxy diphenylsiloxanes, diphenyl dimethicones and diphenyl methyldiphenyl trisiloxanes; and also polymethylphenylsiloxanes, optionally substituted with aliphatic and / or aromatic groups, optionally fluorinated, and / or containing functional groups such as hydroxyl, thiol and / or amine groups; - their mixtures.

Among the volatile silicone oils, mention may be made of cyclic or linear silicone oils having 2 to 7 silicon atoms, optionally comprising alkyl or alkoxy groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as cyclodimethylsiloxanes and cyclophenylmethylsiloxanes. and linear dimethylsiloxanes, and in particular linear dodecamethylpentasiloxane (L5), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6), heptamethylhexyltrisiloxane, heptamethyloctyltrisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, decamethyltetrasiloxane, and their mixtures.

Preferably, the organic carbon medium comprises at least one carbon compound chosen from: - vegetable oils formed by fatty acid esters of polyols, in particular triglycerides, - esters of formula RCOOR 'in which R represents the rest a higher fatty acid having 7 to 19 carbon atoms and R 'represents a hydrocarbon chain containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, - linear or branched C 8 -C 60 alkanes, which are volatile or non-volatile; cyclic, non-aromatic, C 5 -C 12 alkanes; volatile or non-volatile; Ethers having 7 to 30 carbon atoms; ketones having 8 to 30 carbon atoms; aliphatic fatty monoalcohols having 12 to 30 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon chain having no substitution group, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the organic carbonaceous medium comprises at least isopropyl myristate, octyldodecanol, isoparaffins C5-C60, isohexadecane, isononyl isononanoate.

The organic medium considered, however, contains at least one 4-carboxy derivative 40 2-pyrrolidinone of formula (I) as defined above. This derivative, alone or as a mixture, may be the only constituent of the organic medium in which the block polymer is dispersed; said medium may however also comprise a carbon compound as defined above.

Preferably, said compound of formula (I) represents 1 to 90% by weight, in particular 2 to 70% by weight, or even 5 to 50% by weight, of the organic medium in which said block polymer is dispersed, the balance being constituted by the carbon compounds.

The compound of formula (I) may, when used with at least one carbon compound, act as a co-dispersant of the block polymer.

It is thus possible to finally obtain a non-aqueous dispersion comprising an organic medium which comprises at least one compound of formula (I) and particles consisting of at least one block polymer as defined above.

Such dispersions may in particular be prepared according to the processes described in Applications EP1704854 and EP1690526.

E / The polymers which may be used in the context of the present invention may also be polycondensates, in particular polyesters, polyurethanes, polyureas, polyethers, polythioethers, polyamides, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polyimides, polycarbonates, polysiloxanes, and copolymers thereof.

A. Condensation reactions on carbonyls are the most important in polycondensation. They lead to the formation of polyesters, polycarbonates, polyamides, polyureas and polyurethanes. (a) When the repeating units of the main chain contain the ester function, they are called polyesters. The simplest and most common method of synthesis is called polycondensation by esterification. It is most often the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid or one of its derivatives as the acid dianhydride with a polyol (diol, triol, tetraol) forming ester bonds with removal of water . It is also possible to synthesize a polyester from diesters and polyols (diol, triol, tetraol) with removal of the corresponding alcohol (most often methanol or ethanol). This is called polycondensation by transesterification. An alternative for obtaining polyesters is to polymerize lactones (cyclic esters) by ring opening / polycondensation. Depending on the composition of their backbone, the polyesters may be classified as: - Aliphatic polyesters: for example polyglycolide or poly (glycolic acid) obtained by polycondensation of glycolic acid, poly (lactic acid), polycaprolactones obtained by ring opening of caprolactones or polyethylene adipate; Semi-aromatic polyesters: mention may be made, for example, of polyethylene terephthalate obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid and of ethylene glycol, polybutylene terephthalate obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid and butane-2,3-diol, polytrimethylene terephthalate obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid and 1,3-propanediol or polyethylene naphthalate obtained by polycondensation of ethylene glycol and dicarboxylic acid naphthalene; as well as sulfopolyesters prepared from sulphoisophthalic acid, anhydride or diester; - Aromatic Polyesters: one can for example quote the Vectran TM

The family of polyesters also includes modified alkyd and alkyd resins. Alkyd resins indeed constitute a particular class of polyesters by being the reaction product of polyols and polycarboxylic acids, generally modified by saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, such as for example oleic acid, or by oils. generally unsaturated, such as soybean oil or castor oil, which can modulate their properties. For example, glycerophthalic resins may be mentioned. b) Polycarbonates which contain the carbonate function in the repeating unit and are prepared by polycondensation are generally attached to the polyester family. c) When the repeating units of the main chain contain the amide function, they are called polyamides. The simplest synthetic method is a polycondensation reaction between the carboxylic acid or derivative and amine functions. An alternative is an opening / polycondensation of lactams (cyclic amides). According to the composition of their skeletal chain, the polyamides are classified as: - Aliphatic polyamides: polyamide 6 manufactured from ε-caprolactam, polyamide 66 manufactured from hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, polyamide 6/66 made from caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid or polyamide 66/610 made from hexamethylenediamine, adipic acid and sebacic acid; Polyphthalamides (semi-aromatics): for example, polyamide 6T obtained by polycondensation of hexamethylenediamine with terephthalic acid. Aramides (Aromatic polyamides): polyamides resulting from the polycondensation of paraphenylenediamine with terephthalic acid may be mentioned, for example. Mention may also be made of: amide-terminated polyamide resins, such as the commercial resins HAIMALATE PAM, RISOCAST PAM66, SYLVACLEAR A 200V and 2614V, or ester ter-miners such as the commercial resins UNICLEAR 100VG and C75V. silicone polyamides which are preferably solid at room temperature (25 ° C.) and atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), of which the silicone polyamides as described in US Pat. No. 5,898,680, and in particular the product sold under the reference DC 2-8179 by Dow; Corning).

d) polyurethanes which contain the urethane (carbamate) function in the repeating unit and are prepared by polycondensation of a monomer containing at least 2 isocyanate functions with another monomer containing at least 2 alcohol functions. It is possible, for example, to mention polyurethanes prepared from: diisocyanates chosen from toluene diisocyanate (TDI), in particular the mixture of the two isomers 2-4 and 2-6, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) , diphenylmethylene 2,2'-diisocyanate (2,2'-MDI), diphenylmethylene 4,4'-diisocyanate (4,4'-MDI), 4,4'-dibenzyl diisocyanate (4, 4'-DBDI), m-xylylene diisocyanate (m-XDI), naphthalenediisocyanate (NDI), lysinediisocyanate (LDI) or else methylene bis (4-cyclohexylisocyanate) (H12MDI); and diols chosen from: i) saturated and unsaturated aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic diols, preferably those containing from 2 to 40 carbon atoms, in particular 8 to 32 carbon atoms, preferably chosen from alkanediols ii ) aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic diols having ether bridges with a range of 2 to 10 carbon atoms between two ether bridges or oxygen atoms. Iii) the diol polymers (a, w-diOH) especially of Mw of between 300 and 50,000, and even between 400 and 10,000, and more preferably between 500 and 5,000 g / mol; or dimersdiols; such as PTMO (polytetramethylene oxide), PEO (polyethylene oxide); polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene adipate, polytetramethylene adipate, polycaprolactone, polydimethylsiloxanes with OH ends; Among the diols defined above, there may be mentioned ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, mono- (3-hydroxy-propyl) ether of ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol mono- (2-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl) ether, ethylene glycol mono- (2-hydroxy-propyl) ether, butanediols, more particularly 1,4 -butanediol, pentanediols, such as 1,5-pentanediol, hexanediols, more especially 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, oxide bis- (3-hydroxypropyl), triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 4,8-dioxa-1,10-decane-diol, polyethylene glycols of molecular weight Mw between 300 and 2000, polypropylene glycols. having a molecular weight Mw of between 300 and 2000, polyethers of 1,3-propanediol and mixed polyethers of ethylene glycol with propylene glycol and / or optionally 1,3-propanediol, the subject polyethers having molecular weights of 300 to 2000, bis (4-hydroxybutyl) oxide, 2-methylene-1,3-propanediol, 2,4-dimethyl -2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-ethyl-2-butyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-isobutyl-1, 3-propanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediol, 1,3-dihydroxycyclohexane, 1,4-dihydroxycyclohexane (quinitol), bis-1,4- (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, bis-1,3- (hydroxy-methyl) -cyclohexane, bis-1,2- (hydroxymethyl) -cyclohexane, bis-1,4- (hydroxymethyl) -benzene, bis-1,3 - (hydroxymethyl) -benzene and bis-2,6- (hydroxymethyl) -naphthalene.

e) Polyimides are polymers whose macromolecular backbone contains repeating units containing the imide chemical function. Several synthetic routes are possible to prepare the polyimides. These methods include, for example, the reaction between a dianhydride and a diamine, or the reaction between a dianhydride and a diisocyanate, or the polycondensation of amino acids.

By way of example of polyimides that may be used, mention may be made of polyimides derived from the polycondensation of amino acids, in particular aspartic or glutamic acid or precursors of said amino acids; these polymers dissolve in water at basic pH with formation of free COOH functions. These polymers may be homopolymers derived from aspartic or glutamic acid, copolymers derived from aspartic acid and glutamic acid in any proportions, or copolymers derived from aspartic acid and / or glutamic and other amino acids (eg up to 15% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, of other amino acids). Among the copolymerizable amino acids, mention may be made of glycine, alanine, gamma, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, histidine, proline, lysine, arginine, serine, threonine, cysteine ... Said polyimides may have a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the order of 2000 to 10 'and generally of the order of 3500 to 60000. These, especially the Polyimides derived from aspartic acid or glutamic acid can be prepared in particular by thermocondensation of said amino acid (s) in a substantially anhydrous medium, as described in JACS, 80, 3361 (1958) J.Med.Chem. 16, 893 (1973), Polymer 23, 1237 (1982) or in US3052655. f) polysiloxanes, or silicones, are polymers whose chains are formed by alternating sequences of oxygen atoms and silicon substituted by organic groups. The polysiloxanes are generally in the form of oily liquids, pastes, fats, waxes, elastomers, gums or resins.

The silicone gums are in particular polydiorganosiloxanes having weight average molecular weights of between 100,000 and 1,000,000; mention may be made more particularly of the following products: polydimethylsiloxane polydimethylsiloxane / methylvinylsiloxane polydimethylsiloxane / diphenylsiloxane polydimethylsiloxane / phenylmethylsiloxane polydimethylsiloxane / diphenylsiloxane / methylvinylsiloxane.

It is particularly possible to mention mixtures formed from an end-hydroxylated polydimethylsiloxane or dimethiconol and a cyclic polydimethylsiloxane such as the product Q2-1401 from Dow Corning; mixtures formed from a polydimethylsiloxane gum with a cyclic silicone such as the product SF-1214 Silicone Fluid from GENERAL ELECTRIC, this product is a SF 30 gum corresponding to a dimethicone having a number average molecular weight of 500 000 solubilized in oil SF 1202 Silicone Fluid corresponding to decamethylcyclopentasiloxane; mixtures of two PDMSs of different viscosities, and more particularly a PDMS gum and a PDMS oil, such as the product SF-1236 of GENERAL ELECTRIC, which is the mixture of an SE 30 gum defined above having a viscosity of 20 m 2 / s and an SF 96 oil with a viscosity of 5 × 10 6 m 2 / s. The organopolysiloxane resins are generally crosslinked siloxane systems containing the units: R2SiO2 / 2, RsSiOi / 2, RSiO3 / 2 and SiO4 / 2 in which R represents a C1-C6 hydrocarbon group or a phenyl. Among these products, those that are particularly preferred are those in which R denotes a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, more particularly methyl, or a phenyl group. These resins include the product sold under the name "Dow Corning 593" by Dow Corning, or those sold under the names "Silicone Fluid SS 4230 and SS 4267" by General Electric and which are silicones of dimethyl structure. trimethylsiloxane. Mention may also be made of the trimethylsiloxysilicate type resins sold especially under the names X22-4914, X21-5034 and X21-5037 by SHIN-ETSU. The organomodified silicones are generally silicones as defined above and comprising in their structure one or more organofunctional groups attached via a hydrocarbon group. Among the organomodified silicones, mention may be made of polyorganosiloxanes comprising: polyethyleneoxy and / or polypropyleneoxy groups optionally comprising C6-C24 alkyl groups such as the products known as dimethicone-copolyol sold by the company Dow Corning under the name DC- 1248 or SILWET® oils L 722, L 7500, L 77, L 711 from the company UNION CARBIDE and alkyl (C12) -methicone-copolyol marketed by the company Dow Corning under the name Q2-5200; substituted or unsubstituted amine groups, such as the products sold under the name GP 4 Silicone Fluid and GP 7100 by the company Genesee or the products sold under the names Q2 8220 and Dow Corning 929 or 939 by the company Dow Corning. The substituted amino groups are, in particular, C1-C4 aminoalkyl groups; thiol groups, such as the products sold under the names "GP 72 A" and "GP 71" of GENESEE; alkoxylated groups, such as the product marketed under the name "SILICONE COPOLYMER F-755" by SWS SILICONES and ABIL WAX® 2428, 2434 and 2440 by the company GOLDSCHMIDT; hydroxyl groups, such as the hydroxyalkyl-functional polyorganosiloxanes described in the French patent application FR-A-85 16334; acyloxyalkyl groups such as, for example, the polyorganosiloxanes described in US-A-4957732; anionic groups of the carboxylic type, such as, for example, in the products described in patent EP186507 of the company Chisso Corporation, or of alkyl-carboxylic type, such as those present in the product X-22-3701 E from the company Shin-Etsu ; 2-hydroxyalkylsulphonate; 2-hydroxyalkylthiosulphate such as the products marketed by GOLDSCHMIDT under the names "ABIL® S201" and "ABIL® S255"; hydroxyacylamino groups, such as the polyorganosiloxanes described in application EP342834. There may be mentioned, for example, the product Q2-8413 from Dow Corning.

B. Nucleophilic substitution reactions lead to the formation of polyethers, polythioethers and polysulfones and polyethersulfones. Bisphenol (as phenoxide ion) is the most commonly used nucleophilic agent. a) A polyether is a polymer whose macromolecular backbone contains repeating units containing the ether chemical function. For example, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyethylene oxide, polypropylene glycol (PPG), polypropylene oxide (PPO), polytetramethylene glycol or poly (tetramethylene ether) glycol or polytetrahydrofuran may be mentioned. Among the copolymers of polyethers, mention may in particular be made of polyurethane polyethers and, in particular, hydrophobic modified nonionic polyurethane polyethers such as those described in applications EP861065, EP875237 and WO99 / 36047, and more particularly the products sold by the company ROHM & HAAS under the trade names ACULYN 46 and ACULYN 44; b) A polysulfone is a polymer whose macromolecular backbone contains repeating units containing the sulfone chemical function. The polyethersulfones are most generally prepared by reaction of a diphenol such as for example bisphenol-A with a halophenylsulfone such as for example bis (4-chlorophenyl) sulfone.

In a particular embodiment, the polymer that can be used is a polycondensate that can be obtained by reacting: from 10 to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one polyol comprising 3 6 hydroxyl groups; from 5 to 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one linear, branched and / or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 6 to 32 carbon atoms; from 0.1 to 55% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 7 to 11 carbon atoms, optionally further substituted with 1 to 3 alkyl radicals, saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic, which contain 1 to 32 carbon atoms; from 5 to 40% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one polycarboxylic acid, saturated or unsaturated, or even aromatic, linear, branched and / or cyclic, comprising at least 2 carboxylic groups COOH, in particular 2 at 4 COOH groups; and / or a cyclic anhydride of such a polycarboxylic acid.

In a preferred embodiment, the polymer that can be used is a polycondensate that can be obtained by reacting: from 10 to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one polyol comprising 3 6 hydroxyl groups; from 30 to 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one linear, branched and / or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, non-aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 6 to 32 carbon atoms; from 0.1 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 7 to 11 carbon atoms, optionally further substituted with 1 to 3 alkyl radicals, saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic, which contain 1 to 32 carbon atoms; From 5 to 40% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one polycarboxylic acid, saturated or unsaturated, or even aromatic, linear, branched and / or cyclic, comprising at least 2 carboxylic groups COOH, in particular 2 to 4 COOH groups; and / or a cyclic anhydride of such a polycarboxylic acid.

In another preferred embodiment, the polymer which can be employed is a polycondensate which can be obtained by reacting: from 15 to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one polyol comprising 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups; from 5 to 40% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic, nonaromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 6 to 32 carbon atoms; from 10 to 55% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 7 to 11 carbon atoms, optionally further substituted with 1 to 3 alkyl radicals, saturated or unsaturated, linear; , branched and / or cyclic, which contain 1 to 32 carbon atoms; from 10 to 25% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one polycarboxylic acid, saturated or unsaturated, or even aromatic, linear, branched and / or cyclic, comprising at least 2 carboxylic groups COOH, in particular 2 at 4 COOH groups; and / or a cyclic anhydride of such a polycarboxylic acid. Said polyol may in particular be a linear, branched and / or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbon-based compound comprising 3 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular 3 to 12 or even 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and 3 to 6 carbon atoms. , especially 3 to 4, hydroxy (OH) groups, and may further comprise one or more oxygen atoms inserted in the chain (ether function). Said polyol is preferably a saturated hydrocarbon compound, linear or rami-fied, comprising 3 to 18 carbon atoms, especially 3 to 12, or even 4 to 10 ato-5 carbon atoms, and 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups (OH). It may be chosen from, alone or as a mixture: triols, such as 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane or glycerol; tetraols, such as pentaerythritol (tetramethylolmethane), erythritol, di-glycerol or ditrimethylolpropane; pentols such as xylitol; hexols such as sorbitol and mannitol; or dipentaerythritol or triglycerol. Preferably, the polyol is selected from glycerol, pentaerythritol, diglycerol, sorbitol and mixtures thereof; and even better is pentaerythritol. The polyol, or polyol mixture, preferably represents 10 to 30% by weight, especially 12 to 25% by weight, and more preferably 14 to 22% by weight, of the total weight of the final polycondensate.

Another constituent necessary for the preparation of the polycondensates according to the invention is a linear, branched and / or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, non-aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 6 to 32 carbon atoms, in particular 8 to 28 carbon atoms, and also better 10 to 24 or even 12 to 20 carbon atoms. Of course, a mixture of such nonaromatic monocarboxylic acids can be used. By non-aromatic monocarboxylic acid is meant a compound of formula RCOOH, in which R is a linear, branched and / or cyclic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical comprising 5 to 31 carbon atoms, especially 7 to 27 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 9 to 23 carbon atoms, or even 11 to 19 carbon atoms. Preferably, the radical R is saturated. Even better, said radical R is linear or branched, and preferably C5-C31, or even C11-C21. Among the nonaromatic monocarboxylic acids which may be employed, mention may be made, alone or as a mixture, of: saturated monocarboxylic acids such as caproic acid, caprylic acid, isoheptanoic acid, 4-ethylpentanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 4,5-dimethylhexanoic acid, 2-heptylheptanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, octanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, isononanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, cerotic acid (hexacosanoic acid); cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, cyclopentaneacetic acid, 3-cyclopentylpropionic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, cyclohexylacetic acid, 4-cyclohexylbutyric acid; unsaturated but nonaromatic monocarboxylic acids, such as caproleic acid, obtusilic acid, undecylenic acid, dodecylenic acid, linderic acid, myristoleic acid, physétérique acid, tsuzuique acid , palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, petroselinic acid, vaccenic acid, elaidic acid, gondoic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, cetoleic acid, nervonic acid , linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid. Preferably, it is possible to use 2-ethylhexanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, isoheptanoic acid, isononanoic acid, nonanoic acid, palmitic acid, isostearic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid and mixtures thereof, and even better isostearic acid alone or stearic acid alone. Said nonaromatic monocarboxylic acid, or the mixture of said acids, is preferably 10 to 70% by weight, in particular 15 to 65% by weight, or even 20 to 60% by weight, and more preferably 25 to 55% by weight, of the total weight. of the final polycondensate.

Another constituent necessary for the preparation of the polycondensates according to the invention is an aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 7 to 11 carbon atoms, optionally further substituted with 1 to 3 alkyl radicals, saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic, which comprise 1 to 32 carbon atoms, especially 2 to 12 or even 3 to 8 carbon atoms. By aromatic monocarboxylic acid is meant a compound of formula R'COOH, in which R 'is an aromatic hydrocarbon radical containing 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and in particular the benzoic and naphthoic radicals. Said radical R 'may also be substituted with 1 to 3 alkyl radicals, saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched and / or cyclic, comprising 1 to 32 carbon atoms, especially 2 to 12 or even 3 to 8 carbon atoms; and especially chosen from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, terbutyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, cyclopentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, isoheptyl, octyl or isooctyl. Among the aromatic monocarboxylic acids that may be used, mention may be made, alone or as a mixture, of benzoic acid, o-toluic acid, methacrylic acid, p-toluic acid and 1-naphthoic acid. , 2-naphthoic acid, 4-tert-butyl-benzoic acid, 1-methyl-2-naphthoic acid, 2-isopropyl-1-naphthoic acid. Preferably, it is possible to use benzoic acid, 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, o-toluic acid, m-toluic acid or 1-naphthoic acid, alone or in mixtures; and even better, benzoic acid alone. Said aromatic monocarboxylic acid, or the mixture of said acids, preferably represents 0.5 to 50% by weight, especially 1 to 40% by weight, more preferably 2 to 35% by weight, or even 2.5 to 8% by weight. by weight, of the total weight of the final polycondensate.

Another constituent necessary for the preparation of the polycondensates according to the invention is a polycarboxylic acid, saturated or unsaturated, or even aromatic, linear, branched and / or cyclic, comprising at least 2 carboxylic groups COOH, especially 2 to 4 COOH groups; and / or a cyclic anhydride of such a polycarboxylic acid. It is of course possible to use a mixture of such polycarboxylic acids and / or anhydrides. Said polycarboxylic acid may in particular be chosen from linear, branched and / or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated or even aromatic polycarboxylic acids, comprising 2 to 50, especially 2 to 40, carbon atoms, in particular 3 to 36 or even 3 to 18 and still more preferably 4 to 12 carbon atoms, or even 4 to 10 carbon atoms; said acid comprises at least two carboxylic groups COOH, preferably from 2 to 4 COOH groups. Preferably, said polycarboxylic acid is saturated, linear aliphatic and comprises 2 to 36 carbon atoms, especially 3 to 18 carbon atoms, or even 4 to 12 carbon atoms; or is aromatic and comprises 8 to 12 carbon atoms. It preferably comprises 2 to 4 COOH groups. Among the polycarboxylic acids or their anhydrides that may be used, mention may be made, alone or as a mixture: dicarboxylic acids such as decanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, suberic acid, oxalic acid, acid malonic acid, succinic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid, pimelic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, acid glutamic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, fatty acid dimers (especially C36) such as the products sold under the names Pripol 1006, 1009, 1013 and 1017, by Uniqema; tricarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid, 1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acids such as butanetetracarboxylic acid and pyromellitic acid; cyclic anhydrides of these acids, especially phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, maleic anhydride and succinic anhydride.

Preferably, it is possible to use adipic acid, phthalic anhydride and / or isophthalic acid, and even better isophthalic acid alone. Said polycarboxylic acid and / or its cyclic anhydride is preferably 5 to 40% by weight, especially 10 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 14 to 25% by weight, of the total weight of the final polycondensate.

Preferably, the polycondensate that can be employed can be obtained by reacting: at least one polyol chosen from, alone or as a mixture, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, glycerol; pentaerythritol, erythritol, diglycerol, ditrimethylolpropane; xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, dipentaerythritol and / or triglycerol; preferably present in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight, especially 12 to 25% by weight, and more preferably 14 to 22% by weight, relative to the total weight of the final polycondensate; at least one nonaromatic monocarboxylic acid chosen from, alone or as a mixture, caproic acid, caprylic acid, isoheptanoic acid, 4-ethylpentanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 4,5-dimethylhexanoic acid, 2-heptylheptanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, octanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, isononanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, cerotic acid (hexacosanoic acid); cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, cyclopentaneacetic acid, 3-cyclopentylpropionic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, cyclohexylacetic acid, 4-cyclohexylbutyric acid; preferably present in an amount of 30 to 80% by weight, especially 40 to 75% by weight, and more preferably 45 to 70% by weight, relative to the total weight of the final polycondensate; at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid chosen from, alone or as a mixture, benzoic acid, o-toluic acid, m-toluic acid, p-toluic acid, 1-naphthoic acid, 2-naphthoic acid, 4-tert-butyl benzoic acid, 1-methyl-2-naphthoic acid, 2-isopropyl-1-naphthoic acid; preferably present in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, especially 1 to 9.5% by weight, or even 1.5 to 8% by weight, relative to the total weight of the final polycondensate; and at least one polycarboxylic acid or one of its anhydrides chosen from, alone or as a mixture, decanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid, naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, suberic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid , phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, pimelic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid; cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid, 1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid; butanetetracarboxylic acid, pyromellitic acid, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, maleic anhydride and succinic anhydride; preferably present in an amount of 5 to 40% by weight, especially 10 to 30% by weight, and more preferably 14 to 25% by weight, relative to the total weight of the final polycondensate.

Preferably, said polycondensate has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of between 1500 and 300 000, even between 2000 and 200 000, and especially between 3000 and 100 000.

The polycondensate can be prepared by the polycondensation processes commonly employed by those skilled in the art. As an illustration, a general method of preparation is given in EP1870082.

The polymers which may be used in the context of the present invention may also be polymers of natural origin, in their native or modified state.

Mention may be made, alone or in mixtures: - (i) polysaccharides, which may be homopolysaccharides consisting of the same monosaccharide or heteropolysaccharides formed of different monosaccharides; it is possible to mention in particular: fructans or fructosans, in particular inulin and graminane; glucans, in particular starch, carboxymethyl starch, pectin, amylopectin, amylose; cellulose and its alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl and / or nitrated derivatives, such as carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, nitrocellulose; curdlane, dextran, pullulan, chitin and chitosan; galactans, in particular agar-agar and carrageenans; hemicelluloses, in particular arabans, xylans, hexosanes and polyuronides; - mannan, guars, alginates and pentosans;

(ii) polymers, in particular polyesters, obtained by polycondensation of natural or identical monomers with natural ones such as, for example, PLA (Poly Lactic Acid) originating from the polymerization of lactic acid molecules;

(iii) polymers, especially polyesters, produced by bacteria from the fermentation of sugars and / or lipids such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (or PHA); and more particularly PHB (Poly Hydroxy Butyrate), PHV (Poly Hy- droxy Valerate) and PHBV (3-Polyhydroxybutyrate co 3-Hydroxy Valerate).

The preferred natural or modified natural polymers are in particular chosen from, alone or as a mixture,: cellulose acetopropionates or butyrates, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, ethylcellulose or hydroxypropylcellulose; chitosans, such as succinamide chitosans; carrageenans, especially iota or kappa; gums, in particular arabic, guar, arabinogalactan, or hydroxypropyl guar; ethyl guar; levan R-2,6 polyfructose; - bioamylose; curdlane (beta-1,3-polyglucan) - glucomannans (glucose / mannose) from purified konjac; polylactic acid, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, poly (hydroxybutyrate-cohydroxyvalerate).

The polymers, whether synthetic or natural, or in admixture, are preferably present, alone or as a mixture, in the cosmetic compositions according to the invention in an amount of 2 to 99% by weight, better still 3 to 90% by weight, or even 4 to 80% by weight, and preferably 5 to 70% by weight, still more preferably 6 to 65% by weight, even 7 to 60% by weight, and still more preferably 8 to 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

Preferably, the compounds of formula (I) and the polymers are present in the cosmetic composition in a compound / polymer weight ratio of between 0.1 / 1 and 10/1, in particular between 0.15 / 1 and 5 / 1, better between 0.2 / 1 and 3/1, or even between 0.25 / 1 and 2.5 / 1, and even better between 0.3 / 1 and 1/1.

The cosmetic compositions according to the invention also comprise a cosmetically acceptable medium, that is to say compatible with keratin materials such as the skin of the face or of the body, the lips, the hair, the eyelashes, the eyebrows and nails.

The composition may advantageously comprise a fatty phase, which may itself comprise oils and / or preferably lipophilic solvents, as well as solid fatty substances at ambient temperature such as waxes, pasty fatty substances, gums and their mixtures. . Among the constituents of the fatty phase, mention may be made of volatile or nonvolatile oils, which may be chosen from natural or synthetic, carbonaceous, hydrocarbon, fluorinated or optionally branched oils, alone or as a mixture.

The term "non-volatile oil" means an oil capable of remaining on the skin at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure for at least one hour and having in particular a vapor pressure at room temperature (25 ° C.) and atmospheric pressure, which is not zero, less than at 0.01 mmHg (1.33 Pa). Non-volatile carbonaceous oils, in particular hydrocarbon-based oils, of plant, mineral, animal or synthetic origin, such as liquid paraffin (or petrolatum), squalane, hydrogenated polyisobutene (Parleam), perhydrosqualene, mink oil, macadamia oil, turtle oil, soy oil, sweet almond oil, calophyllum oil, palm oil, grape seed oil, sesame oil, corn oil, arara oil, rapeseed oil, rapeseed oil sunflower, cotton, apricot, castor oil, avocado, jubilee, olive or grain sprouts, shea butter; linear, branched or cyclic esters having more than 6 carbon atoms, especially 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as the lanolic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid and stearic acid esters; esters derived from acids or long-chain alcohols (that is to say having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms), in particular the RCOOR '-formula esters in which R represents the residue of an acid 7 to 19 carbon atoms and R 'represents a hydrocarbon chain comprising from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, in particular the C 12 -C 36 esters, such as isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, butyl stearate, hexyl laurate, diisopropyl adipate, isononyl isononanoate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-hexyl-decyl laurate, 2-octyl decyl palmitate, myristate or 2-octyldodecyl lactate, di (2-ethyl hexyl) succinate, diisostearyl malate, glycerin or diglycerine triisostearate; higher fatty acids, especially C14-C22 fatty acids, such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid or isostearic acid; higher fatty alcohols, especially C16-C22, such as cetanol, oleic alcohol, linoleic or linolenic alcohol, isostearyl alcohol or octyl dodecanol; and their mixtures.

Mention may also be made of decanol, dodecanol, octadecanol, liquid triglycerides of fatty acids containing from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, for instance triglycerides of heptanoic or octanoic acids and triglycerides of caprylic / capric acids; linear or branched hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin, such as liquid paraffins and derivatives thereof, petroleum jelly, polydecenes, hydrogenated polyisobutene such as Parleam; esters and synthetic ethers, in particular of fatty acids, for example purcellin oil, isopropyl myristate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, octyl-2-dodecyl stearate, erucate octyl-2-dodecyl, isostearyl isostearate; hydroxylated esters such as isostearyl lactate, octyl hydroxystearate, octyldodecyl hydroxystearate, diisostearyl malate, triisocetyl citrate, heptanoates, octanoates, decanoates of fatty alcohols; polyol esters such as propylene glycol dioctanoate, neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, diethylene glycol diisononanoate; and pentaerythritol esters; fatty alcohols having 12 to 26 carbon atoms such as octyldodecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-hexyldecanol, 2-undecylpentadecanol. Mention may also be made of ketones which are liquid at ambient temperature, such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isophorone, cyclohexanone and acetone; propylene glycol ethers which are liquid at room temperature, such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate or dipropylene glycol mono-butyl ether; short chain esters (having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms in total) such as ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopentyl; ethers which are liquid at ambient temperature, such as diethyl ether, dimethyl ether or dichlorodiethyl ether; liquid alkanes at room temperature such as decane, heptane, dodecane, isododecane, isohexadecane, cyclohexane; aromatic cyclic compounds which are liquid at room temperature, such as toluene and xylene; aldehydes which are liquid at room temperature, such as benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde, and mixtures thereof.

Among the volatile compounds that may be mentioned are non-silicone volatile oils, especially C 8 -C 16 isoparaffins such as isododecane, isodecane and isohexadecane. More preferentially, mention may be made of alkanes which are liquid at room temperature, volatile or otherwise, and more particularly decane, heptane, dodecane, isododecane, isohexadecane, cyclohexane and isodecane, and mixtures thereof. . The fatty phase may be present in a content ranging from 0.01 to 95%, preferably from 0.1 to 90%, more preferably from 10 to 85% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, and better from 30 to 80%.

The composition may also comprise a hydrophilic phase comprising water or a mixture of water and hydrophilic organic solvent (s) such as alcohols and in particular linear or branched lower monoalcohols having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms such as ethanol, isopropanol or n-propanol, and polyols such as glycerine, diglycerine, propylene glycol, sorbitol, pentylene glycol, and polyethylene glycols, or else ethers C2 and hydrophilic C2-C4 aldehydes. The water or the mixture of water and hydrophilic organic solvents may be present in the composition according to the invention in a content ranging from 0.1 to 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 1 to 70% by weight.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise waxes and / or gums. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "wax" means a lipophilic compound, solid at room temperature (25 ° C.), with a reversible solid / liquid state change, having a melting point of greater than or equal to 30 ° C. at 120 ° C. By bringing the wax to the liquid state (melting), it is possible to render it miscible with the oils that may be present and to form a homogeneous mixture microscopically, but by bringing the temperature of the mixture to room temperature, recrystallization of the mixture is obtained. wax in the oils of the mixture. The melting point of the wax can be measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (D.S.C.), for example the calorimeter sold under the name DSC 30 by the company METLER. The waxes may be hydrocarbon-based, fluorinated and / or silicone-based and may be of vegetable, mineral, animal and / or synthetic origin. In particular, the waxes have a melting point greater than 25 ° C. and better still greater than 45 ° C. As waxes that can be used in the composition of the invention, mention may be made of beeswax, carnauba or candelilla wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline waxes, ceresin or ozokerite; synthetic waxes such as polyethylene or Fischer Tropsch waxes, silicone waxes such as alkyl or alkoxy dimethicones containing from 16 to 45 carbon atoms. The gums are generally high molecular weight polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) or cellulose gums or polysaccharides and the pasty substances are generally hydrocarbon compounds such as lanolines and their derivatives or else PDMSs. The nature and quantity of the solid bodies depend on the mechanical properties and textures sought. As an indication, the composition may contain from 0.01 to 50% by weight of waxes, relative to the total weight of the composition and better still from 1 to 30% by weight.

The composition according to the invention may further comprise one or more dyestuffs chosen from water-soluble dyes, liposoluble dyes, and pulverulent dyestuffs such as pigments, nacres, and flakes well known to those skilled in the art. The dyestuffs may be present in the composition in a content ranging from 0.01 to 50% by weight, relative to the weight of the composition, preferably from 0.01 to 30% by weight. By pigments, it is necessary to include particles of any shape, white or colored, mineral or organic, insoluble in the physiological medium, intended to color the composition. By nacres, it is necessary to understand particles of any iridescent form, in particular produced by certain molluscs in their shell or else synthesized. The pigments may be white or colored, mineral and / or organic. Among the inorganic pigments, titanium dioxide, optionally surface-treated, zirconium oxide or cerium oxides, and oxides of zinc, iron (black, yellow or red) or chromium, the violet of manganese, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate and ferric blue, metal powders such as aluminum powder, copper powder. Among the organic pigments, mention may be made of carbon black, D & C type pigments, and lacquers based on cochineal carmine, barium, strontium, calcium, aluminum.

The pearlescent pigments may be chosen from white pearlescent pigments such as mica coated with titanium, or bismuth oxychloride, colored pearlescent pigments such as titanium mica coated with iron oxides, titanium mica coated with, inter alia, blue. ferric oxide or chromium oxide, titanium mica coated with an organic pigment of the aforementioned type as well as pearlescent pigments based on bismuth oxychloride. Among the water-soluble dyes, mention may be made of the disodium salt of a culvert, the disodium salt of alizarin green, quinoline yellow, the trisodium salt of amaranth, the disodium salt of tartrazine, the monosodium salt of rhodamine and the disodium salt. fuchsin, xanthophyll, methylene blue.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise, in addition, one or more fillers, in particular in a content ranging from 0.01% to 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably ranging from 01% to 30% by weight. By fillers, it is necessary to include particles of any form, colorless or white, mineral or synthetic, insoluble in the medium of the composition regardless of the temperature at which the composition is manufactured. These fillers serve in particular to modify the rheology or the texture of the composition. The fillers can be mineral or organic of any form, platelet, spherical or oblong, irrespective of the crystallographic form (for example sheet, cubic, hexagonal, orthorhombic, etc.). Mention may be made of talc, mica, silica, kaolin, polyamide (Nylon®) powders (Orgasol® from Atochem), poly-R-alanine and polyethylene, tetrafluoroethylene polymer powders ( Teflon®), lauroyl-lysine, starch, boron nitride, polymeric hollow microspheres such as those of polyvinylidene chloride / acrylonitrile such as Expancel® (Nobel Industrie), copolymers of acrylic acid (Polytrap®) from Dow Corning) and silicone resin microbeads (Toshiba's Tospearls®, for example), elastomeric polyorganosiloxane particles, precipitated calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and hydrocarbonate, hydroxyapatite, hollow silica microspheres (Silica Beads® from Maprecos), glass or ceramic microcapsules, metal soaps derived from organic carboxylic acids containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, exemp zinc, magnesium or lithium stearate, zinc laurate, magnesium myristate.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise ingredients commonly used in cosmetics, such as vitamins, thickeners, gelling agents, trace elements, softeners, sequestering agents, perfumes, alkalizing or acidifying agents, preservatives, sunscreens, surfactants, polymers, antioxidants, anti-hair loss agents, anti-dandruff agents, propellants, ceramides, or mixtures thereof. Of course, those skilled in the art will take care to choose this or these optional additional compounds, and / or their quantity, in such a way that the advantageous properties of the composition according to the invention are not, or not substantially, impaired by the addition envisaged.

The composition according to the invention can be in particular in the form of suspension, dispersion, especially organic solution, gel, emulsion, in particular emulsion oil-in-water (O / W) or water-in-oil (W / O), or multiple (W / O / E or polyol / H / E or O / W / H), in the form of cream, paste, foam, dispersion of vesicles including ionic lipids or not, two-phase or multiphase lotion, spray, powder, stick.

Those skilled in the art may choose the appropriate dosage form, as well as its method of preparation, on the basis of its general knowledge, taking into account, on the one hand, the nature of the constituents used, in particular their solubility in the support, and on the other hand, of the application envisaged for the composition. The composition according to the invention may be a makeup composition, especially a complexion product such as a foundation, a blush or an eyeshadow; a lip product such as lipstick, lip care, gloss lip gloss; a concealer product; a blush, a mascara, an eyeliner; eyebrow make-up, lip pencil or eye pencil; nail product such as nail polish or nail care; a body make-up product; a hair makeup product (mascara or hairspray). The composition according to the invention may be a composition for protecting or caring for the skin of the face, neck, hands or body, in particular an anti-wrinkle, anti-fatigue composition which makes it possible to give the skin a radiance, a composition moisturizing or treating; an antisolar composition or artificial tanning. The composition according to the invention may also be a hair product, in particular for maintaining the hairstyle or shaping the hair; care, conditioning or hygiene of the hair; see the hair coloring. The hair compositions are preferably shampoos, conditioners, gels, styling lotions, blow-drying lotions, fixing and styling compositions such as lacquers or spray. The lotions may be packaged in various forms, in particular in vaporizers, pump-bottles or in aerosol containers to ensure application of the composition in vaporized form or in the form of foam. Such forms of packaging are indicated, for example when it is desired to obtain a spray, a mousse for fixing or treating the hair.

The subject of the invention is also a process for the cosmetic treatment, in particular of make-up, cleaning, sun protection, shaping, coloring or skincare, of keratin materials, in particular of the skin of the body or of the face , lips, nails, hair and / or eyelashes, comprising the application to said materials of a cosmetic composition as defined above.

Another subject of the invention is the compound of formula below: (bw) Yet another subject of the invention is a cosmetic composition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, said compound, in particular in an amount of 1 to 30 % by weight, even 2 to 25% by weight, and preferably 3 to 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

The invention is illustrated in more detail in the following examples, given by way of illustration.

EXAMPLE 1 Polymers Tested: Polymer A Polycondensate Pentaerythrityl Benzoate / Isophthalate / Isostearate as prepared in Example 1 of EP1844761 Polymer B Polycondensate Pentaerythrityl Benzoate / Isophthalate / Isostearate as Prepared in Example 2 of EP1870082 Dispersion Dispersion at 22% by Weight in Kraton G1701 stabilized polymeric poly (methyl acrylate / acrylic acid) isododecane as prepared below Solution D 50% by weight solution in sequenced polymer isododecane (Sequence 1: isobornyl acrylate and isobornyl methacrylate, block 2: isobutyl acrylate and acrylic acid, intermediate block: random copolymer of 4 monomers), as prepared in example 1 of EP1882709 Preparation Dispersion C In a 1-liter reactor 270 g of isododecane, 103.5 g of heptane, 22.5 g of methyl acrylate, 4.5 g of acrylic acid, 13.5 g of Kraton G1701 (polystyrene-b-poly block copolymer) ene-butylene)) and 1.35 g of tertbutyl-2-peroxyethyl hexanoate (Trigonox 21S from Akzo Nobel). The mixture is stirred and raised to room temperature (25 ° C) at 90 ° C over 1 hour. Bleaching is noted at about 90 ° C. The temperature of the reaction medium is maintained at 90 ° C. with regulation of the temperature of the reaction medium. Once the medium has become white, the following mixture is then introduced in 1 hour: 63 g of methyl acrylate and 0.99 g of Trigonox 21S. The mixture is hand-held 3h at 90 ° C then the whole is cooled. Heptane is distilled and replaced during the distillation with 103.5 g of isododecane. A polymer with 22% of active material dispersed in isododecane is obtained.

Compound (bw) of formula (dodecyl 1-butyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate): 100 g of itaconic acid (0.769 mol), 350 ml of dodecanol (1.538 mol) are added to a jacketed reactor under mechanical stirring. ). The medium is maintained at 30 ° C (white suspension). The reaction medium is brought to 55-60 ° C. 76 ml of butylamine (0.769 mol) are introduced dropwise, then the mixture is heated at 80 ° C. for 15 minutes and then for 1 hour at 100 ° C. 25 g of Dowex 50WX8 resin (regenerated with 1N HCl) are added. It is heated at 130 ° C. for 10 hours. The resin is filtered, 300 ml of ethyl acetate are added, the mixture is washed with 250 ml of saturated NaHCO 3 solution and then with 250 ml of saturated NaCl solution, the organic phase is dried over sodium sulfate. sodium, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. After distillation in vacuo (head of column = 170-172 ° C. under 0.08 mbar), 180.55 g of a pale yellow liquid (yield: 66%) corresponding to the expected product are obtained.

Simplex mixtures comprising 3 g of compound of formula (I) and 3 g of polymer (or solution / dispersion) were prepared; The following results are obtained: Polymer A A clear solution is obtained Polymer B A clear solution is obtained Dispersion C A stable dispersion is obtained Solution D A viscous, translucent solution is obtained in the form of a single phase Example 2 A varnish is prepared colored nails having the following composition: - Nitrocellulose 30% in isopropanol 14 g - Beckosol alkyd resin ODE-230-70E 70% in ethyl acetate 5.2 g - polymer A 7 g - Compound ( bw) 5.3 g - Isopropanol 3.6 g - Ethyl acetate 23 g - Butyl acetate 35 g - Tributyl acetyl citrate 3.4 g 57 (bw) - N-ethyl o, p-toluenesulfonamide 3.4 g - citric acid 0.05 g - modified Hectorite 1.3 g - Pigments (lacquers) 1.3 g The compound (I) / polymer ratio is 0.35 / 1. The varnish is easily applied and forms a very bright film and very resistant to external aggressions. Example 3 A gloss having the following composition is prepared: 28 g - polymer B - polybutene 34 g - isononyl isononate 4 g - octyldodecanol 5 g - Compound (bw) 15 g - silica (Aerosil R972) 5 g - tridecyl trimellitate qsp 100 g The ratio compound (I) / polymer is 0.24 / 1. After application to the lips, a glossy film is obtained. Example 4 A lipstick having the following composition is prepared: polycondensate B 30 g polyethylene wax 11 g pigments and fillers 7 g compound (bw) 11 g Parleam (hydrogenated isoparaffin) qs 100 g The compound ratio (I) / polymer is 0.27 / 1. After application to the lips, a colored and glossy film is obtained. 30 - Dispersion C 28 g (ie 6.2 g MA) - polybutene 26 g - isononyl isononate 4 g - Compound (bw) 14 g - silica (Aerosil R972) 5 g - tridecyl trimellitate qs 100 g The compound ratio ( I) / polymer is 0.43 / 1. EXAMPLE 6 A lipstick having the following composition is prepared: Example 5 A gloss having the following composition is prepared:

After application to the lips, a glossy film is obtained. - Solution D 30 g (ie 15 g MA) - polyethylene wax 11 g - pigments and fillers 7 g - Compound (bw) 13 g - Parleam (hydrogenated isoparaffin) qs 100 g The ratio compound (I) / polymer is 0 , 5 / 1. After application to the lips, a colored and shiny film is obtained.

Claims (31)

REVENDICATIONS1. Cosmetic composition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, from 2 to 99% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, of a polymer or a mixture of polymers, and from 0.5 to 40% by weight of compound of formula (I), alone or as a mixture, and / or a salt thereof (I) in which - R 1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a linear C 1 -C 20 or branched C 3 -C 20 alkyl radical, R 2 denotes a C1-C20 or branched C3-C20 linear alkyl radical which may contain a C5-Ce ring; a C 5 -C 6 cycloalkyl radical optionally substituted with one or two methyl radicals; the phenyl radical, the benzyl radical or the phenethyl radical; - R3 and R4 denote, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl radical C1-C12 or branched C3-C12; It being understood that when R 1 = H, the compounds may be in their free acid form or in the form of their cosmetically acceptable salts. 2. Composition according to claim 1, wherein in the formula (I): R3 and R4 are hydrogen; and / or R 1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a linear C 1 -C 18 or branched C 3 -C 18 alkyl radical; and better still a C2-C18 or branched C3-C10 linear alkyl radical; and / or - R2 denotes a linear C 2 -C 18 or branched C 3 -C 18 alkyl radical; and more preferably a linear C3-C16 or branched C3-C12 alkyl radical, or a cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzyl or phenethyl radical. 3. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the compound of formula (1) is selected from the following products (a) to (bw): (i) RN = 100453-61-0 O Ü) RN = 59857-87-3 RN = 59857-86-2 'RN = 10080-92-9 0 0 (e) RN = 102943-44-2 (f) RN = 59857-84-0 0 (a) (c) 0 (d) R = 42851 8-32-5 RN = 100911-29-3 O 0 (9) RN = 428518-33-6 (h) R = 443304-01-6 O ~ ij (k) (I) RN = 428518-34-7 RN = 192717-78-5 RN = 856637-16-6 RN = 101572-83-2 0 (p) RN = 69857-85-1 (q) RN = 873969-57-4 ( r = RN = 60298-19-3 (s) RN = 593253-22-6 RN = 856636-641 RN.r-100252-83-3 RN = 106783-22-6 RN = 66397-80-6 hRN = RN = 102444-77-9 RN = 101572-84-3 RN = 51535-00-3 RN 100718-54-5 RN = 64320-92-9 RN = 91957-98- RN = 1 0 1 1 (0) 65-62-8 (b) (b) RN = 680647-92 ' 4 RN = 84554813-6 RN-15768777'9H OH u ~ (bb) (bg) RN = 118107-27-2 bob0 RN = 944648-73-1 OH H (bh) RN = 6304-56-8 (b ^ (bj) H RN = I0054-19M o (5w) 4. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the compound of formula (1), alone or as a mixture, is present in the composition in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight, or even 2 to 25% by weight, and preferably from 3 to 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. 5. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the poly-mother has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of between 2,000 and 2,000,000, in particular between 5,000 and 1,000,000, or even 10,000. and 500,000, even better between 20,000 and 300,000, preferably between 30,000 and 200,000, and even better between 40,000 and 180,000. 6. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer is selected from, alone or in a mixture, synthetic polymers, polymers of natural origin and polymers of natural origin, modified. 10 7. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer is a vinyl polymer resulting from the polymerization of vinyl monomers comprising ethylenic unsaturation. The composition of claim 7, wherein the vinyl monomers are selected from, alone or in admixture (i) ethylenic hydrocarbons having 2 to 10 carbons; (ii) (meth) acrylates of formula CH2 = CHCOOR3 or CH2 = C (CH3) COOR3 in which R3 represents: - a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, possibly comprising, intercalated and / or substituted, one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, P and halogen atoms; C3-C12 cycloalkyl; C3-C20 aryl; -C4-C30 aralkyl (C1-C8) alkyl group; 4-12-membered heterocyclic group containing one or more selected heteroatoms; from O, N, and S, the ring being aromatic or not, - a heterocycioalkyl (alkyl of 1 to 4 C), said cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic or heterocycloalkyl groups may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents chosen among the hydroxyl groups, the halogen atoms, and the linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl groups, which may optionally comprise, intercalated and / or in substitution, one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, N, S, P and halogen atoms; - a group - (C2H40) m-R, with m 5 to 150 and R = H or alkyl of G1 to Cao; (iii) (meth) acrylamides of formula CH 2 = CHCONR 6 R 7 or CH 2 = C (CH 3) CON 40 R 6 R 7 in which R 6 and R 7, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, which may optionally comprise, intercalated and / or in substitution, one or more heteroatoms chosen from 0, N, S, P and the halogen atoms ; a C3-C92 cycloalkyl group; a C3-C20 aryl group; a C4-C30 aralkyl group (C1-C8 alkyl group); a 4 to 12-membered heterocyclic group containing one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, N, and S, the ring being aromatic or not, - a heterocycloalkyl (C 1 -C 4) alkyl group, said cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic or heterocycloalkyl groups possibly being substituted with one or more substituents chosen of the linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl groups, which may optionally include, intercalated and / or substituted, one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, P and halogen atoms; (iv) vinyl compounds of formula CH2 = CH-R9, CH2 = CH-CH2-R9 or CH2 = C (CH3) -CH2-R8 in which R9 is a nitrile, hydroxyl, halogen, NH2, OR14 or R14 group; represents a phenyl group or a C1 to C12 alkyl group (the monomer is a vinyl or allyl ether); acetamide (NHCOCH3); an OCOR15 group wherein R15 represents a linear or branched alkyl group of 2 to 12 carbons (the monomer is a vinyl or allyl ester); or a group chosen from: a linear or branched alkyl group, of 1 to 22 carbon atoms, which may optionally comprise, intercalated and / or in substitution, one or more heteroatom chosen from O, N, S, P and the atoms of 'halogen; C 3 to C 12 cycloalkyl, C 3 to C 20 aryl, C 4 to C 0 aralkyl (C 1 to C 3 alkyl), a heterocyclic group of 4 to 12 members containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, and S, the ring being aromatic or not, a heterocycloalkyl (C 1 -C 4) alkyl group, said cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclic or heterocycloalkyl groups being optionally substituted with one or more substituents chosen from hydroxyl groups, halogen atoms and linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl groups, which may optionally include, intercalated and / or substituted, one or more heteroatoms chosen from O, N, S, P and the atoms; halogen; (v) monomers containing ethylenic unsaturation (s) comprising at least one carboxylic, phosphoric or sulphonic acid function, such as, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid; fumaric acid, maleic acid, acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, vinylbenzoic acid, vinylphosphoric acid and salts thereof; or maleic anhydride ;-( vi) the monomers of formula: ## STR1 ## in which: R1 = H or methyl, R2, R3, R4, which are identical or different, represent C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups or the group -OS 1 (R 5) 3 with R 5 = methyl or ethyl; n is an integer from 1 to 10, i) the monomers of formula: C H 3 Si-O Wherein: R8 = H or methyl; R 9 denotes a divalent linear or branched C 1 -C 10 e hydrocarbon group optionally containing one or two ether bonds -O-; - R10 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group, CI-Cl 0; n denotes an integer from I to 300, viii) monomers of the formula wherein R1 = H or methyl; n is an integer from 1 to 10, R'2, R "2, R'3 and R" 3, which may be identical or different, represent a C1-C10 alkyl group; R3 is a C2-C10 alkylene divalent group, - i is an integer from 1 to 10; when i = 2 to 10, X (i), identical or different, represents a group -R 4 -Si [O- (R '3) (R "3) -X (i-1)] 3, with R 4, identical or different, representing a di-valent C2-C10 alkylene group; R4 0- and X (1) represents H or C1-C3 alkyl group); the POSS or POS-type ethylenic monomers in which R, identical or different, is a C 1 -C 12 linear or C 3 -C 12 cyclic alkyl group. 9. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the polymer is a block polymer comprising at least a first sequence and at least a second sequence. 10. Composition according to claim 9, wherein said sequences are connected to each other by an intermediate segment comprising at least one parent mono ml constitutive of the first sequence and at least one monomer m2 constitutive of the second sequence. 11. Composition according to one of claims 9 to 10, wherein the block polymer comprises at least one block having a Tg greater than or equal to 20 ° C and a sequence having a Tg strictly less than 20 ° C. 12. Composition according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the monomers constituting the polymer are chosen from, alone or in mixture; C1-C4alkyl or C3-C12cycloalkyl methacrylates, and especially methyl methacrylate, isoboryl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate; tert-butyl acrylates, methyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate and isobornyl acrylate; acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. 30 13. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the polymer is an acrylic polymer comprising a backbone insoluble in an organic medium and a portion soluble in said medium, consisting of side chains covalently bonded to said backbone, said polymer being capable of being obtained by radical polymerization in said organic medium: - one or more acrylic monomers, to form said skeleton, - one or more macromonomers having a terminal group capable of reacting during the polymerization to form the side chains said macromonomer (s) having a molecular weight greater than or equal to 200; Said optionally soluble portion being from 0.05 to 20% by weight of the polymer, said polymer having a weight average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 300,000. 14. Composition according to claim 13, comprising a dispersion of said polymer, in an organic medium which comprises at least one compound of formula (f). The composition of claim 14, wherein the organic medium further comprises at least one liquid compound selected from the group consisting of, alone or in admixture, non-aqueous liquid compounds having a global solubility parameter according to space Hansen solubility of less than 17 (MPa) '; the monoalcohols having an overall solubility parameter according to the Hansen solubility space less than or equal to 20 (MPa) 112. 25 16. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the polymer is a polymer stabilized at the surface with a stabilizing agent. 17. Composition according to claim 16, in which the stabilizing agent is chosen from block copolymers comprising at least one block resulting from the polymerization of non-acrylic ethylenic monomer, and at least one block resulting from the polymerization of vinyl monomer, in particular (meth) acrylic, (meth) acrylamide or styrenic, or polyether, polyester or polyamide, or mixtures thereof. 35 18. Composition according to one of claims 16 to 17, comprising a dispersion of said polymer, in an organic medium which comprises at least one compound of formula (f). 40 19. Composition according to one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the organic medium comprises non-aqueous liquid compounds having an overall solubility parameter according to the HANSEN solubility space less than or equal to 17 (MPa) 112, and / or or monoalcohols having an overall solubility parameter according to the HANSEN solubility space less than or equal to 20 (MPa) 20. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the polymer is a copolymer which comprises at least a first soluble sequence in an organic medium and at least a second insoluble sequence in said mid-place. The composition of claim 20, comprising a dispersion of said polymer, in an organic medium that comprises at least one compound of formula (1). 22. Composition according to one of claims 20 to 21, wherein the insoluble sequence (or insoluble blocks), represents 30 to 97% by weight of the total weight of the copolymer, and the soluble sequence (or soluble sequences), represented 3 to 70% by weight of the total weight of the copolymer. 23. Composition according to one of Claims 1 to 8, in which the polymer is chosen from polycondensates, in particular polyesters, polyurethanes, polyureas, polyethers, polyamides, polysulfones, polydothioethers and polyethersulfones. , polyimides, polycarbonates, polysiloxanes, and copolymers thereof. 24. Composition according to claim 23, in which the polycondensate is obtainable by reaction: From 10 to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one polyol comprising 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups; from 5 to 80% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one linear, branched and / or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 6 to 32 carbon atoms; From 0.1 to 55% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one aromatic monocarboxylic acid comprising 7 to 11 carbon atoms, optionally further substituted with 1 to 3 alkyl radicals, saturated or unsaturated; linear, branched and / or cyclic, which contain 1 to 32 carbon atoms; from 5 to 40% by weight, relative to the total weight of the polycondensate, of at least one polycarboxylic acid, saturated or unsaturated, or even aromatic, linear, branched and / or cyclic, comprising at least 2 carboxylic groups COOH, in particular 2 to 4 COOH groups; and / or a cyclic anhydride of such a polycarboxylic acid. 25. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polymer 40 is selected from, alone or in mixtures: - (i) polysaccharides, and in particular fructans or fructans, in particular inulin and graminane; glucans, in particular starch, carboxymethyl starch, pectin, amylopec-fine, amylose; cellulose and its alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl and / or nitrated derivatives, such as carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, nitrocellulose; curdlane, dextran, pul- lulane, chitin and chitosan; galactans, in particular agar-agar and carrageenans; hemicelluloses, in particular arabans, xylans, hexosanes and polyuronides; - mannan, guars, alginates and pentosans; (ii) polymers, in particular polyesters, obtained by polycondensation of natural or identical monomers such as PLA (Poly Lactic Acid); (iii) polymers, especially polyesters, produced by bacteria from the fermentation of sugars and / or lipids such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (or PHA); and more particularly PHB (Poly Hydroxy Butyrate), PHV (Poly Hydroxy Valerate) and PHBV (3-Polyhydroxybutyrate co 3-Hydroxy Valerate). 26. Composition according to claim 25, in which the polymer is chosen from, alone or as a mixture,: cellulose acetopropionates or butyrates, cellulose acetate, nitrocelluloses, ethylcelluloses, hydroxypropylcelluloses; chitosans, such as succinamide chitosans; Carrageenans, especially iota or kappa; gums, in particular arabic, guar, arabinogalactan, or hydroxypropyl guar; ethyl guar; levan f3-2,6 polyfructose; - bioamylose; Curdiane (beta-1,3-polyglucan) - purified konjac glucomannans (glucose / mannose); polylactic acid, poly 3-hydroxybutyrate, poly (hydroxybutyrate-co hydroxyvalerate). 35 27. Cosmetic composition according to one of the preceding claim, in which the polymers, alone or as a mixture, are present in an amount of 3 to 90% by weight, or even 4 to 80% by weight, and preferably 5 to 70% by weight, more preferably 6 to 65% by weight, even 7 to 60% by weight, and still more preferably 8 to 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. 28. Cosmetic composition according to one of the preceding claim, in which the compounds of formula (I) and the polymers are present in a compound / polymer weight ratio of between 0.1 / 1 and 10/1, in particular between , 1511 and 511, more preferably between 0.2 / 1 and 3/1, even between 0.25 / 1 and 2.511, and more preferably between 0.311 and 111. 29. Cosmetic composition according to one of the preceding claim, further comprising at least one ingredient selected from oils, preferably lipophilic solvents, waxes, pasty fatty substances, gums, water, hydrophilic organic solvents, dyestuffs, fillers, vitamins, thickeners, gelling agents, trace elements, softeners, sequestering agents, perfumes, alkalizing or acidifying agents, preservatives, sunscreens, surfactants, polymers, antioxidants, anti-hair loss agents, anti-dandruff agents; propellants, ceramides, or mixtures thereof. 30. Cosmetic composition according to one of the preceding claims, in the form of a make-up composition, in particular a complexion product such as a foundation, a blusher or an eyeshadow; a lip product such as lipstick, lip care, lip gloss; a concealer product; a blush, a mascara, an eyeliner; a make-up product Cage eyebrows, lip pencil or eye; a nail product such as nail polish or nail care; a body make-up product; a hair makeup product (mascara or hairspray); a composition for protecting or caring for the skin of the face, neck, hands or body, in particular a composition that is anti-wrinkle, antifatigue that can give a radiance to the skin, a moisturizing or treating composition; an antisolar or artificial tanning composition; a hair composition, in particular for maintaining the hairstyle or shaping the hair; care, conditioning or hygiene of the hair; see the hair coloring. 31. Cosmetic treatment process, especially for makeup, cleaning, sunscreening, shaping, coloring, or skincare of keratin materials, in particular of the skin of the body or face, lips, nails, hair and / or eyelashes, comprising the application on said materials of a cosmetic composition according to one of claims 1 to 30.