FR2954161A1 - PROCESS FOR COLORING OR LIGHTENING KERATINIC FIBERS IN THE PRESENCE OF VOLATILE LINEAR ALKANE (S) AND DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for coloring or lightening human keratin fibers, wherein said fibers are coated with: (a) an anhydrous composition (A) comprising one or more fatty substances, and one or more surfactants; (b) a composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents, and optionally one or more fatty substances; (c) a composition (C) comprising one or more alkaline agents and optionally one or more oxidation dyes and / or one or more direct dyes, said one or more fatty substances being chosen from volatile linear alkanes, organic additional fatty acids and mixtures thereof, and it being understood that one or more volatile linear alkanes is or are contained in at least one of compositions (A), (B) or (C) and preferably in at least one of the compositions (A) and (B). The invention also relates to a device comprising the three compositions (A), (B) and (C) in three different compartments and a ready-to-use composition resulting from the mixing of the compositions (A), (B) and (C) .

Description

B09-4592FR IC OA 09647 Société Anonyme known as L'OREAL Process for coloring or lightening keratinous fibers in the presence of volatile linear alkane (s) and device Invention of: LAGRANGE Alain HERCOUET Leila Process of staining or lightening of keratinous fibers in the presence of volatile linear alkane (s) and device

The present invention relates to a process for the dyeing or lightening of human keratinous fibers, comprising the use of an anhydrous composition (A) which comprises one or more fatty substances, and one or more surfactant (s), an oxidizing composition (B), and a composition (C) which comprises one or more alkaline agent (s) and optionally one or more dyes, one or more volatile linear alkanes being contained in the composition (A), (B) and / or or (C), and a ready-to-use composition resulting from mixing the compositions (A), (B) and (C).

It also relates to a multi-compartment device of which a first compartment contains said anhydrous composition, a second compartment contains an oxidizing composition and a third compartment comprises a composition comprising at least one alkaline agent and optionally one or more dyes, one or more volatile linear alkanes being contained in the first and / or second compartment. In the field of the dyeing of human keratinous fibers, such as the hair, mention may be made of oxidation or permanent dyeing. More particularly, this mode of staining uses one or more oxidation dye precursors, usually one or more oxidation bases possibly associated with one or more couplers. In general, oxidation bases are chosen from ortho- or para-phenylenediamines, ortho- or para-aminophenols as well as heterocyclic compounds. These oxidation bases are colorless or weakly colored compounds which, combined with oxidizing products, make it possible to access colored species by a process of oxidative condensation.

Very often, the shades obtained with these oxidation bases are varied by combining them with one or more couplers, the latter being chosen in particular from aromatic meta-diamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds, such as indole compounds. The variety of molecules involved in the oxidation bases and couplers allows a rich palette of colors to be obtained. Direct or semi-permanent coloration is also known. The method conventionally used in direct dyeing consists in applying to the keratin fibers direct dyes which are colored and coloring molecules, having an affinity for the fibers, to be allowed to pausate to allow the molecules to penetrate, by diffusion, into the interior of the body. the fiber, then rinse them.

The direct dyes generally employed are chosen from nitrobenzene, anthraquinone, nitropyridine, azo, methine, azomethine, xanthene, acridine, azine or triarylmethane direct dyes. This type of process does not require the use of an oxidizing agent to develop the coloring. However, it is not excluded to implement in order to obtain with coloring, a lightening effect. This is called direct or semipermanent coloring in lightening conditions. The permanent or semi-permanent coloring processes in lightening conditions therefore consist in using, with the dyeing composition, an aqueous composition comprising at least one oxidizing agent, under alkaline pH conditions in the vast majority of cases. This oxidizing agent has the role of degrading the melanin of the hair, which, depending on the nature of the oxidizing agent present, leads to a more or less pronounced lightening of the fibers. Thus, for relatively low lightening, the oxidizing agent is generally hydrogen peroxide. When greater lightening is desired, it is customary to use peroxygenated salts, such as persulfates for example, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The processes for lightening human keratin fibers consist in using an aqueous composition comprising at least one oxidizing agent, under alkaline pH conditions in the vast majority of cases. This oxidizing agent has the role of degrading the melanin of the hair, which, depending on the nature of the oxidizing agent present, leads to a more or less pronounced lightening of the fibers. Thus, for relatively low lightening, the oxidizing agent is generally hydrogen peroxide. When greater lightening is desired, it is customary to use peroxygenated salts, such as persulfates for example, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. There is a need to improve the coloration or discoloration in terms of efficacy (color intensity and / or level of lightening) and in terms of comfort of use in particular in order to limit odor problems associated with agents. alkalis used (amines and / or ammonia). For this it has been proposed to increase the content of insoluble fats and especially mineral oils in coloring or bleaching compositions. There is a desire to improve the environmental aspect of such compositions, in particular by trying to replace mineral oils with fatty substances, if possible of natural origin, while not impairing the effectiveness of said processes.

"Natural compound" means a product that is obtained from soil or soil, or from plants or animals, possibly through one or more physical processes such as, for example, grinding, refining, distillation, purification or filtration.

By "compound of natural origin" is meant a natural compound having undergone one or more chemical treatments which does not affect the essential qualities of this compound and / or a compound mainly comprising natural compounds.

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide lightening or coloring processes using particular fatty substances in the presence of an oxidizing agent, which do not have the disadvantages of existing processes while remaining at least lightening and homogeneity of the latter, or when it comes to coloring, in terms of the power of the coloration obtained, the chromaticity, as well as the homogeneity of staining along the fiber. In particular, the process according to the invention leads to powerful colorations.

These and other objects are achieved by the present invention which therefore relates to a process for coloring or lightening human keratin fibers, wherein said fibers are coated with: (a) an anhydrous composition (A) comprising one or more several fatty substances and one or more surfactants; (b) a composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents, and optionally one or more fatty substances; (c) a composition (C) comprising one or more alkaline agents, and optionally one or more oxidation dyes and / or one or more direct dyes, said one or more fatty substances being chosen from volatile linear alkanes, additional fatty substances and mixtures thereof, and it being understood that one or more volatile linear alkanes is or are contained in at least one of compositions (A), (B) or (C) and preferably in at least one of compositions (A) and (B). It also relates to a multi-compartment device comprising: - in a first compartment, an anhydrous composition (A) comprising one or more fatty substances, and one or more surfactants, - in a second, a composition (B) comprising one or more agents oxidizing agents, and optionally one or more fatty substances, and - in a third, a composition (C) comprising one or more alkaline agents, and optionally one or more oxidation dyes and / or one or more direct dyes, said one or more bodies wherein the fatty acid is selected from volatile linear alkanes, additional fatty substances and mixtures thereof, and it being understood that one or more volatile linear alkanes is or are contained in at least one of the compositions (A), (B) ) or (C), preferably in the composition (A) or (B), or in both compositions (A) and (B).

The subject of the invention is also a ready-to-use composition resulting from the mixture of compositions (A), (B) and (C), the total amount of fatty substances in the mixture of compositions (A), (B) and (C) preferably representing at least 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture of these three compositions.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description and examples which follow. The human keratinous fibers treated by the process according to the invention are preferably the hair.

According to the invention, the dyeing or lightening process uses an anhydrous composition (A). More particularly, the term "anhydrous composition" in the sense of the invention means a composition having a water content equal to 0 or less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight and even more preferably less than 1% by weight relative to the weight of said composition. It should be noted that the water may also be in the form of bound water, such as the water of crystallization of the salts or traces of water absorbed by the raw materials used in the production of the compositions used in the invention. This anhydrous composition (A) comprises one or more fatty substances. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "fatty substance" means an organic compound which is insoluble in water at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.) and at atmospheric pressure (101,325 Pa). These fats generally have a solubility of less than 5% and preferably 1% even more preferably 0.1% at 25 ° C and at atmospheric pressure. They have in their structure at least one chain of at least two siloxane groups or at least one hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 6 carbon atoms. Preferably, the fatty substances used in the invention do not comprise any COOH function. In addition, said fatty substances are generally soluble in organic solvents under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, such as, for example, chloroform, ethanol, benzene, liquid petrolatum or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. The fatty substances used in the invention are chosen from volatile linear alkanes, additional fatty substances and mixtures thereof.

The additional fatty substances may be chosen from C 6-16 alkanes other than volatile linear alkanes, non-silicone oils of animal, vegetable or synthetic vegetable origin, C 6-30 fatty alcohols, C 6-30 fatty acid esters and / or C 6-30 fatty alcohol, non-silicone waxes, silicones, and mixtures thereof.

Within the meaning of the invention, the fatty alcohols and fatty esters more particularly have at least one hydrocarbon group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, comprising 6 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally substituted, in particular by one or more hydroxyl groups ( in particular 1 to 4). If unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise. By "one or more volatile linear alkane (s)" is meant indifferently "one or more volatile linear alkane (s) oil (s)".

A volatile linear alkane suitable for the invention is liquid at ambient temperature (approximately 25 ° C.) and at atmospheric pressure (101 325 Pa or 760 mmHg). By "volatile linear alkane" suitable for the invention is meant a linear alkane, capable of evaporating on contact with the skin in less than one hour, at ambient temperature (25 ° C.) and at atmospheric pressure (101 ° C. Pa), liquid at ambient temperature, especially having an evaporation rate ranging from 0.01 to 15 mg / cm 2 / min, at ambient temperature (25 ° C.) and under atmospheric pressure (101,325 Pa). Preferably, the volatile linear alkanes that are suitable for the invention have an evaporation rate ranging from 0.01 to 3.5 mg / cm 2 / min, better still from 0.01 to 1.5 mg / cm 2 / min, at room temperature. ambient (25 ° C) and under atmospheric pressure (101,325 Pa).

More preferably, the volatile linear alkanes that are suitable for the invention have an evaporation rate ranging from 0.01 to 0.8 mg / cm 2 / min, preferably from 0.01 to 0.3 mg / cm 2 / min. and still more preferably from 0.01 to 0.12 mg / cm 2 / min, at ambient temperature (25 ° C.) and under atmospheric pressure (101,325 Pa). The rate of evaporation of a volatile alkane according to the invention (and more generally of a volatile solvent) can be evaluated in particular by means of the protocol described in WO 06/013413, and more particularly by means of the protocol described below. after.

Is introduced into a crystallizer (diameter: 7 cm) placed on a balance in a chamber of about 0.3 m3 regulated temperature (25 ° C) and humidity (relative humidity 50%), 15 g of hydrocarbon solvent volatile. The volatile hydrocarbon solvent is allowed to evaporate freely, without stirring, providing ventilation by a fan (PAPSTMOTOREN, reference 8550 N, rotating at 2700 revolutions / minute) arranged in a vertical position above the crystallizer containing the hydrocarbon solvent. volatile, the blades being directed to the crystallizer, at a distance of 20 cm from the bottom of the crystallizer.

The mass of volatile hydrocarbon solvent remaining in the crystallizer is measured at regular time intervals. The evaporation profile of the solvent is then obtained by plotting the curve of the amount of product evaporated (in mg / cm 2) as a function of time (in min).

Then we calculate the evaporation rate that corresponds to the tangent at the origin of the curve obtained. The evaporation rates are expressed in mg of volatile solvent evaporated per unit area (cm -1 and per unit time (minute).

According to a preferred embodiment, the volatile linear alkanes that are suitable for the invention have a non-zero vapor pressure (also called saturated vapor pressure) at ambient temperature, in particular a vapor pressure ranging from 0.3 Pa to 6000. Pa.

Preferably, the volatile linear alkanes that are suitable for the invention have a vapor pressure ranging from 0.3 to 2000 Pa, better still from 0.3 to 1000 Pa, at ambient temperature (25 ° C.). More preferably, the volatile linear alkanes that are suitable for the invention have a vapor pressure ranging from 0.4 to 600 Pa, preferably from 1 to 200 Pa, and even more preferably from 3 to 60 Pa, at room temperature (25 ° C.). ° C). According to one embodiment, a volatile linear alkane suitable for the invention may have a flash point in the range of from 30 to 120 ° C, and more particularly from 40 to 100 ° C. The flash point is in particular measured according to the ISO 3679 standard. According to one embodiment, the volatile linear alkanes that are suitable in the invention can be linear alkanes comprising from 7 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 14 carbon atoms. carbon and better from 9 to 14 carbon atoms. More preferably, the volatile linear alkanes that are suitable in the invention may be linear alkanes comprising from 10 to 14 carbon atoms, and even more preferentially from 11 to 14 carbon atoms.

A volatile linear alkane suitable for the invention may advantageously be of plant origin. Preferably, the volatile linear alkane or the mixture of volatile linear alkanes present in the composition according to the invention comprises at least one carbon isotope 14C (carbon 14). In particular, the isotope 14C may be present in a ratio of 14C / 12C isotope number (or 14C / 2C ratio) greater than or equal to 1.10-16, preferably greater than or equal to 1.10.15, more preferably greater than or equal to 7.5.10-14, and better than or equal to 1.5.10-13. Preferably, the ratio 14C / 12C is from 6.10-13 to 1.2.10-12. The quantity of isotopes 14C in the volatile linear alkane or the mixture of volatile linear alkanes can be determined by methods known to those skilled in the art such as the Libby counting method, liquid scintillation spectrometry or the accelerator mass spectrometry (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry). Such an alkane can be obtained, directly or in several stages, from a vegetable raw material such as an oil, a butter, a wax, etc.

By way of example of alkanes that are suitable for the invention, mention may be made of the alkanes described in patent applications WO 2007/068371 and WO2008 / 155059. These alkanes are obtained from fatty alcohols, themselves obtained from coconut oil or palm oil.

By way of examples of linear alkanes which are suitable for the invention, mention may be made of n-heptane (C7), n-octane (C8), n-nonane (C9) and n-decane (C10) n-undecane (C11), n-dodecane (C12), ntridecane (C13), n-tetradecane (C14), n-pentadecane (C15), and mixtures thereof. According to a particular embodiment, the volatile linear alkane is selected from n-nonane, n-undecane, n-dodecane, n-tridecane, n-tetradecane, and mixtures thereof. According to a preferred embodiment, mention may be made of the mixtures of n-undecane (C11) and n-tridecane (C13) obtained in Examples 1 and 2 of Application WO2008 / 155059.

Mention may also be made of n-dodecane (C12) and n-tetradecane (C14), sold respectively under the references PARAFOL 12-97 and PARAFOL 14-97 by the company Sasol, as well as their mixtures. One embodiment is to use a single volatile linear alkane.

Alternatively, it is possible to use a mixture of at least two distinct volatile linear alkanes, differing from each other by a number of carbon atoms of at least 1, in particular differing from each other by a carbon number of 1 or 2.

According to one embodiment, a mixture of at least two different volatile linear alkanes having from 10 to 14 carbon atoms and differing from each other by a carbon number of at least 1 is used. mention may in particular be made of volatile linear alkanes mixtures C10 / C1 l, Cl l / C 12 or C12 / C13.

According to another embodiment, use is made of a mixture of at least two different volatile linear alkanes having from 10 to 14 carbon atoms and differing from each other by a carbon number of at least 2. As examples, mention may in particular be made of C10 / C12 or C12 / C14 volatile linear alkane mixtures for an even number of carbon atoms and the C13 / C13 mixture for an odd number of carbon atoms. According to a preferred embodiment, a mixture of at least two volatile linear alkanes having from 10 to 14 distinct carbon atoms and differing from each other by a carbon number of at least 2, and in particular a mixture of carbon atoms, is used. volatile linear alkanes Cl l / C 13 or a mixture of C12 / C14 volatile linear alkanes. Other mixtures combining more than 2 volatile linear alkanes according to the invention, such as, for example, a mixture of at least 3 volatile linear alkanes having from 7 to 15 distinct carbon atoms and differing from each other by a number of carbon of at least 1, can be used in the invention. In the case of mixtures of two volatile linear alkanes, said two volatile linear alkanes preferably represent more than 95% and more preferably more than 99% by weight of the mixture.

According to one particular embodiment of the invention, in a mixture of volatile linear alkanes, the volatile linear alkane having the smallest carbon number is predominant in the mixture.

According to another embodiment of the invention, a volatile linear alkane mixture is used in which the volatile linear alkane having the largest carbon number is predominant in the mixture. By way of examples of mixtures which are suitable for the invention, mention may be made in particular of the following mixtures: from 50 to 90% by weight, preferably from 55 to 80% by weight, and still more preferably from 60 to 75% by weight, C 7 -C 15 volatile organic alkane with n being from 7 to 15 • 10 to 50% by weight, preferably 20 to 45% by weight, preferably 24 to 40% by weight, of volatile C 8 + linear alkane X with x greater than or equal to 1, preferably x = 1 or x = 2, with n + x between 8 and 14, relative to the total weight of the alkanes in said mixture. In particular, said mixture of volatile linear alkanes may further contain: less than 2% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight of branched hydrocarbons, and / or less than 2% by weight, preferably less of 1% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbons, and / or less than 2% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight and preferably less than 0.1% by weight of unsaturated hydrocarbons, said percentages being expressed relative to to the total weight of the mixture.

More particularly, the volatile linear alkanes suitable in the invention can be used in the form of a n-undecane / n-tridecane mixture. In particular, a mixture of volatile linear alkanes comprising: from 55 to 80% by weight, preferably from 60 to 75% by weight of volatile linear alkane to Cll (n-undecane) and from 20 to 45% by weight. % by weight, preferably 24 to 40% by weight volatile linear alkane C13 (n-tridecane), relative to the total weight of the alkanes in said mixture.

According to a particular embodiment, the mixture of alkanes is a n-undecane / n-tridecane mixture. In particular, such a mixture can be obtained according to Example 1 or Example 2 of Application WO 2008/155059.

According to another particular embodiment, the n-dodecane sold under the reference PARAFOL 12-97 is used by SASOL. According to another particular embodiment, is used ntétradécane sold under the reference PARAFOL 14-97 by SASOL. According to yet another embodiment, a mixture of n-dodecane and n-tetradecane is used. C6-16 alkanes other than volatile linear alkanes may be linear, branched or cyclic. As examples of C6-16 alkanes different from volatile linear alkanes, there may be mentioned hexane, isodecane and isohexadecane.

As non-silicone oils of animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic origin, which can be used as fatty substances in the composition (A), mention may be made, for example, of: hydrocarbon-based oils of animal origin, such as perhydrosqualene, triglyceride oils of vegetable or synthetic origin, such as sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, pumpkin oil, grapeseed oil, sesame oil, oil hazelnut, apricot kernel oil, macadamia oil, arara oil, castor oil, avocado oil, jojoba oil, shea butter oil; liquid triglycerides of fatty acids containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, such as triglycerides of heptanoic or octanoic acids; or alternatively, for example the triglycerides of caprylic / capric acids, such as those sold under the name Myritol 318 by the company Cognis or those sold under the names Miglyol® 810, 812 and 818 by the company Dynamit Nobel, - linear or branched hydrocarbons, of mineral or synthetic origin, comprising more than 16 carbon atoms, such as liquid paraffins, volatile or not, and derivatives thereof, petroleum jelly, liquid petroleum jelly, polydecenes, hydrogenated polyisobutenes such as those sold under the name Parleam® by the company Nof Corporation; preferably paraffin oils, petroleum jelly, vaseline oil, polydecenes and hydrogenated polyisobutenes; fluorinated oils such as perfluoromethylcyclopentane and perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane, sold under the names "FLUTEC® PC1" and "FLUTEC® PC3" by BNFL Fluorochemicals; perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane; perfluoroalkanes such as dodecafluoropentane and tetradecafluorohexane, sold under the names "PF 5050®" and "PF 5060®" by the company 3M, or bromoperfluorooctyl sold under the name "Foralkyl®" by the company Atochem; nonafluoro-methoxybutane and nonafluoroethoxyisobutane; perfluoromorpholine derivatives, such as 4-trifluoromethyl perfluoromorpholine sold under the name "PF 5052®" by the company 3M. The C.sub.6-30 fatty alcohols that are suitable for carrying out the invention are more particularly chosen from linear or branched saturated or unsaturated alcohols containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms and more particularly from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. For example, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and their mixture (cetylstearyl alcohol), octyldodecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-hexyldecanol, 2-undecylpentadecanol, oleic alcohol or linoleic alcohol may be mentioned; . Preferably, the fatty alcohols are liquid.

As regards the esters of C 6-30 fatty acids and / or of C 6-30 fatty alcohols, advantageously different from the triglycerides mentioned above, mention may be made especially of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic mono or poly acid esters. C1-C26 and linear or branched C1-C26 aliphatic or saturated or unsaturated mono- or polyalcohols, the total number of carbon of the esters being greater than or equal to 10. Among the monoesters, mention may be made of dihydroabiethyl behenate; octyldodecyl behenate; isoketyl behenate; cetyl lactate; C12-C15 alkyl lactate; isostearyl lactate; lauryl lactate; linoleyl lactate; oleyl lactate; (iso) stearyl octanoate; isocetyl octanoate octyl octanoate; cetyl octanoate; decyl oleate isocetyl isostearate; isocetyl laurate; isocetyl stearate; isodecyl octanoate; isodecyl oleate isononyl isononanoate; isostearyl palmitate; methyl ricinoleate acetyl; myristyl stearate; octyl isononanoate; 2-ethylhexyl isononate; octyl palmitate; octyl pelargonate; octyl stearate; octyldodecyl erucate; oleyl erucate; ethyl and isopropyl palmitates, ethyl-2-hexyl palmitate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate, alkyl myristates such as isopropyl, butyl, cetyl, 2-octyldodecyl myristate; , styryl, hexyl stearate, butyl stearate, isobutyl stearate; dioctyl malate, hexyl laurate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate. Still as examples of esters, mention may also be made of esters of C 4 -C 22 di or tricarboxylic acids and of C 1 -C 22 alcohols, and esters of mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids and di-di-alcohols. , C2-C26 tetra or pentahydroxy.

These include: diethyl sebacate; diisopropyl sebacate; diisopropyl adipate; di-propyl adipate dioctyl adipate; diisostearyl adipate; dioctyl maleate; glyceryl undecylenate; octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate; pentaerythrityl monoricinoleate; pentaerythrityl tetraisononanoate; pentaerythrityl tetrapelargonate; pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate; pentaerythrityl tetraoctanoate; propylene glycol dicaprylate; propylene glycol dicaprate, tridecyl erucate; triisopropyl citrate; triisotearyl citrate; glyceryl trilactate; glyceryl trioctanoate; trioctyldodecyl citrate; trioleyl citrate, propylene glycol dioctanoate; neopentyl glycol diheptanoate diethylene glycol diisanonate; and polyethylene glycol distearates.

Among the esters mentioned above, it is preferred to use ethyl palmitates, isopropyl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate, alkyl myristates such as isopropyl, butyl, cetyl, 2-octyldodecyl myristate, hexyl stearate, butyl stearate, isobutyl stearate; dioctyl malate, hexyl laurate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate and isononyl isononanate, cetyl octanoate. The composition (A) may also comprise, as fatty ester, esters and diesters of sugars and of C6-C30 fatty acids, preferably of C12-C22 fatty acids. It is recalled that "sugar" means oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds which have several alcohol functions, with or without an aldehyde or ketone function, and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms. These sugars can be monosaccharides, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. Suitable sugars include, for example, sucrose (or sucrose), glucose, galactose, ribose, fucose, maltose, fructose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, lactose, and their derivatives. especially alkylated, such as methylated derivatives such as methylglucose. The esters of sugars and fatty acids may be chosen in particular from the group comprising the esters or mixtures of esters of sugars described above and of C 6 -C 30, preferably C 12 -C 22 fatty acids, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated. If unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise. These esters may also be chosen from mono-, di-, tri- and tetraesters, polyesters and mixtures thereof. These esters may be for example oleate, laurate, palmitate, myristate, behenate, cocoate, stearate, linoleate, linolenate, caprate, arachidonates, or mixtures thereof, such as in particular the mixed oleo-palmitate, oleostearate and palmito-stearate esters. More particularly, the mono- and di-esters are used, and especially the mono- or dioleate, stearate, behenate, oleopalmitate, linoleate, linolenate, oleostearate, sucrose, glucose or methylglucose. By way of example, mention may be made of the product sold under the name Glucate® DO by the company Amerchol, which is a methylglucose dioleate. Mention may also be made, by way of examples, of esters or mixtures of esters of sugar and of fatty acid: the products sold under the names F160, F140, F110, F90, F70, SL40 by the company Crodesta, designating sucrose palmito-stearates of 73% monoester and 27% di- and tri-ester, 61% monoester and 39% di-, tri- and tetraester, 52% monoester and 48%, respectively. of di-, tri- and tetraester, 45% monoester and 55% di-, tri- and tetraester, 39% monoester and 61% di-, tri-, and tetra- ester, and sucrose mono-laurate; the products sold under the name Ryoto Sugar Esters, for example referenced B370 and corresponding to sucrose behenate formed from 20% monoester and 80% di-triesterpolyester; the sucrose mono-dipalmito-stearate marketed by Goldschmidt under the name Tegosoft® PSE. The wax or the non-silicone waxes are chosen in particular from carnauba wax, candelilla wax, alfa wax, paraffin wax, ozokerite; vegetable waxes such as olive wax, rice wax, hydrogenated jojoba wax or absolute waxes of flowers such as essential wax of blackcurrant sold by the company BERTIN (France); and animal waxes such as beeswax, or modified beeswaxes (cerabellina). Other waxes or waxy raw materials that can be used according to the invention are in particular marine waxes, such as that sold by SOPHIM under the reference M82, and polyethylene or polyolefin waxes in general. The silicones that may be used in the compositions (A) of the present invention are volatile or non-volatile, cyclic, linear or branched silicones, whether or not modified with organic groups, having a viscosity of 5 × 10 -6 to 2.5 m 2 / s. at 25 ° C and preferably 1.10.5 to 1 m2 / s. The silicones that can be used in accordance with the invention can be in the form of oils, waxes, resins or gums.

Preferably, the silicone is chosen from polydialkylsiloxanes, in particular polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs) and organomodified polysiloxanes comprising at least one functional group chosen from amino groups and alkoxy groups.

Organopolysiloxanes are further defined in Walter Noll's "Chemistry and Technology of Silicones" (1968), Academie Press. They can be volatile or nonvolatile. When they are volatile, the silicones are more particularly chosen from those having a boiling point of between 60 ° C. and 260 ° C., and even more particularly from: (i) cyclic polydialkylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 7, preferably from 4 to 5 silicon atoms. It is, for example, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane sold in particular under the name VOLATILE SILICONE® 7207 by UNION CARBIDE or SILBIONE® 70045 V2 by RHODIA, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane marketed under the name VOLATILE SILICONE® 7158 by UNION CARBIDE, and SILBIONE ® 70045 V5 by RHODIA, as well as their mixtures. Mention may also be made of cyclocopolymers of the dimethylsiloxane / methylalkylsiloxane type, such as the VOLATILE® SILICONE FZ 3109 sold by UNION CARBIDE, of the formula: Examples of cyclic polydialkylsiloxane mixtures with silicon-derived organic compounds, such as the mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and tetramethylsilyl pentaerythritol (50/50), and the mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and polyisocyanate. oxy-1,1 '- (hexa-2,2,2', 2 ', 3,3'-trimethylsilyloxy) bis-neopentane (ii) linear volatile polydialkylsiloxanes having 2 to 9 silicon atoms and having a lower viscosity or is equal to 5.10-6 m2 / s at 25 ° C. It is, for example, decamethyltetrasiloxane marketed in particular under the name "SH 200" by Toray Silicone, silicones entering this class are also described. in the article published in Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 91, Jan. 76, p. 27-32 - TODD & BYERS "Volatile Silicone fluids for cosmetics". Non-volatile polydialkylsiloxanes, polydialkylsiloxane gums and resins, polyorganosiloxanes modified with the above organofunctional groups and mixtures thereof are preferably used.

These silicones are more particularly chosen from polydialkylsiloxanes, among which may be mentioned mainly polydimethylsiloxanes with trimethylsilyl end groups. The viscosity of the silicones is measured at 25 ° C. according to ASTM 445 Appendix C.

Among these polydialkylsiloxanes, mention may be made, without limitation, of the following commercial products: SILBIONE® oils of the 47 and 70 047 series or the MIRASIL® oils marketed by RHODIA, such as, for example, the 70 047 V 500 000 oil; the oils of the MIRASIL® series marketed by RHODIA; the oils of the 200 series of Dow Corning, such as DC200 having a viscosity of 60,000 mm 2 / s; - VISCASIL® oils from GENERAL ELECTRIC and some oils from SF series (SF 96, SF 18) from GENERAL ELECTRIC. Mention may also be made of polydimethylsiloxanes with dimethylsilanol end groups known under the name of dimethiconol (CTFA), such as the oils of the 48 series from the company RHODIA.

In this class of polydialkylsiloxanes, mention may also be made of the products sold under the names "ABIL WAX® 9800 and 9801" by GOLDSCHMIDT, which are polydialkyl (Cl-C20) siloxanes.

The silicone gums that can be used in accordance with the invention are in particular polydialkylsiloxanes, preferably polydimethylsiloxanes having high average molecular weights of between 200,000 and 1,000,000 used alone or in a mixture in a solvent. This solvent may be chosen from volatile silicones, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oils, polyphenylmethylsiloxane (PPMS) oils, isoparaffins, polyisobutylenes, methylene chloride, pentane, dodecane, tridecane or their mixtures. More particularly useful products according to the invention are mixtures such as: - mixtures formed from an end-hydroxylated polydimethylsiloxane, or dimethiconol (CTFA) and a cyclic polydimethylsiloxane also called cyclomethicone (CTFA) such that the product Q2 1401 marketed by the company Dow Corning; mixtures of a polydimethylsiloxane gum and a cyclic silicone such as the product SF 1214 Silicone Fluid from the company General Electric, this product is an SF 30 gum corresponding to a dimethicone, having a number average molecular weight of 500,000 solubilized in oil SF 1202 Silicone Fluid corresponding to decamethylcyclopentasiloxane; mixtures of two PDMSs of different viscosities, and more particularly of a PDMS gum and a PDMS oil, such as the product SF 1236 from the company General Electric. The product SF 1236 is the mixture of an SE 30 gum defined above having a viscosity of 20 m 2 / s and an SF 96 oil with a viscosity of 5.10-6 m 2 / s. This product preferably comprises 15% of SE 30 gum and 85% of an SF 96 oil.

The organopolysiloxane resins used in accordance with the invention are crosslinked siloxane systems containing the units: R 2 SiO 2 O 12, R 3 SiO 11 2, RSiO 3 12 and StO 4 12 in which R represents an alkyl having 1 to 16 carbon atoms. Among these products, those that are particularly preferred are those in which R denotes a C1-C4 lower alkyl group, more particularly methyl. Among these resins may be mentioned the product marketed under the name "Dow Corning 593" or those sold under the names "Silicone Fluid SS 4230 and SS 4267" by the company General Electric and which are silicones of dimethyl / trimethyl siloxane structure. Mention may also be made of the trimethylsiloxysilicate type resins sold in particular under the names X22-4914, X21-5034 and X21-5037 by the company Shinetsu. The organomodified silicones that may be used in accordance with the invention are silicones as defined above and comprising in their structure one or more organofunctional groups attached via a hydrocarbon-based group. In addition to the silicones described above, the organomodified silicones may be polydiarylsiloxanes, especially polydiphenylsiloxanes, and polyalkylarylsiloxanes functionalized with the organofunctional groups mentioned above. The polyalkylarylsiloxanes are particularly chosen from polydimethyl / methylphenylsiloxanes, linear and / or branched polydimethyl / diphenylsiloxanes with a viscosity ranging from 1 × 10 -5 to 5 × 10 -2 m 2 / s at 25 ° C.

Among these polyalkylarylsiloxanes include by way of example the products sold under the following names: SILBIONE® oils of the 70 641 series from RHODIA; . RHODORSIL® 70 633 and 763 RHODIA series of oils; . DOW CORNING 556 COSMETIC GRAD FLUID oil from DOW CORNING; . silicones of the PK series from BAYER, such as the product PK20; silicones of the PN and PH series of BAYER, such as the PN1000 and PH1000 products; . certain oils of the SF series of GENERAL ELECTRIC such as SF 1023, SF 1154, SF 1250, SF 1265. Among the organomodified silicones, mention may be made of polyorganosiloxanes comprising: substituted or unsubstituted amino groups, such as the products sold under the name GP 4 Silicone Fluid and GP 7100 by the company Genesee or the products sold under the names Q2 8220 and Dow Corning 929 or 939 by Dow Corning. The substituted amino groups are, in particular, C1-C4 aminoalkyl groups; alkoxylated groups, such as the product sold under the name "Silicone Copolymer F-755" by SWS Silicones and Abil Wax® 2428, 2434 and 2440 by the company GOLDSCHMIDT.

Preferably, the fatty substances do not comprise an oxyalkylenated C2-C3 unit or a glycerolated unit. More particularly, the fatty substances are chosen from liquid or pasty compounds at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure.

Preferably, the fatty substances are liquid at a temperature of 25 ° C. and at atmospheric pressure. Said said fatty substance (s) present in the composition (A) is or are preferably chosen from volatile linear alkanes, C 6 -C 16 alkanes different from volatile linear alkanes, non-silicone oils of mineral origin comprising more than 16 carbon atoms, or of plant origin, or synthetic, C6-30 fatty alcohols, C6-30 fatty acid esters and / or C6-30 fatty alcohol esters, silicones, or mixtures thereof.

Preferably, the fatty substance (s) of the composition (A) according to the invention are non-silicone, and are chosen from volatile linear alkanes, C6.30 liquid fatty alcohols, liquid petroleum jelly, polydecenes, esters of C6-30 fatty acids and / or of liquid C6-30 fatty alcohol, and mixtures thereof. A preferred embodiment consists in that the composition (A) comprises one or more volatile linear alkanes as defined above, alone or in combination with one or more additional fatty substances as defined in the invention.

The anhydrous composition (A) has a total fat content (linear alkane (s) volatile (s) + the optional additional (s) fat (s)) advantageously from 50 to 90% by weight preferably from 55 to 90% by weight, and even more particularly from 60 to 85% by weight, relative to the weight of the anhydrous composition (A).

The anhydrous composition (A) also comprises one or more surfactants. The surfactant (s) may be anionic, cationic, amphoteric or nonionic. More particularly, the surfactant or surfactants are chosen from anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof. The anionic surfactants are more especially chosen from salts (in particular salts of alkali metals, in particular of sodium, ammonium salts, amine salts, salts of aminoalcohols or salts of alkaline-earth metals such as magnesium) of the following compounds alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl amido ether sulphates, alkylaryl polyethersulphates, monoglyceride sulphates; alkylsulphonates, alkylamidesulphonates, alkylarylsulphonates, aolefin-sulphonates, paraffin-sulphonates; alkylphosphates, alkyl ether phosphates; alkylsulfosuccinates, alkylethersulfosuccinates, alkylamide-sulfosuccinates; alkylsulfosuccinamates; alkylsulfoacetates; acylsarcosinates; acylisethionates and N-acyltaurates; salts of fatty acids such as oleic, ricinoleic, palmitic or stearic acids, coconut oil acid or hydrogenated coconut oil acid; salts of alkyl D galactoside uronic acids; acyl lactylates; salts of polyoxyalkylenated alkyl ether carboxylic acids, polyoxyalkylenated alkylarylether carboxylic acids, polyoxyalkylenated alkylamidoether carboxylic acids, in particular those containing from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups; - and their mixtures. It should be noted that the alkyl or acyl group of these various compounds advantageously comprises from 6 to 24 carbon atoms, and preferably from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, and the aryl group preferably denotes a phenyl or benzyl group.

The nonionic surfactants are more particularly chosen from mono- or poly-oxyalkylenated, mono-or poly-glycerolated nonionic surfactants. The oxyalkylenated units are more particularly oxyethylenated units, oxypropylene, or their combination, preferably oxyethylenated.

By way of examples of oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactants, mention may be made of: oxyalkylenated (C 8 -C 24) alkyl phenols, saturated or non-saturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated C 8 -C 30 alcohols, C 5 amides, -C30, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated, • saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched C 8 -C 30 acid esters, and polyethylene glycols, • saturated or unsaturated C 8 -C 30 acid esters , linear or branched, and oxyethylenated sorbitol, • oxyethylenated vegetable oils, saturated or not, • condensates of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, among others, alone or in mixtures. The surfactants have a number of moles of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide of between 1 and 100, preferably between 2 and 50. Advantageously, the nonionic surfactants do not comprise oxypropylene units.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactants are chosen from oxyethylenated C 8 -C 30 alcohols such as oxyethylenated lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, cetylstearyl and behenyl alcohols; saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, and polyoxyethylenesorbitol esters of polyoxyethylene As an example of mono- or polyglycerolated nonionic surfactants, the C 8 -C 40 alcohols, mono- or poly-glycerolated. In particular, the mono- or poly-glycerolated C 8 -C 40 alcohols correspond to the following formula: RO- [CH 2 -CH (CH 2 OH) -O] mH in which R represents a linear or branched C 8 -C 8 alkyl or alkenyl group -C40, preferably C8-C30, and m represents a number ranging from 1 to 30 and preferably from 1 to 10.

By way of example of suitable compounds in the context of the invention, mention may be made of lauryl alcohol with 4 moles of glycerol (INCI name: POLYGLYCERYL-4 LAURYL ETHER), lauric alcohol with 1.5 moles of glycerol, oleic alcohol with 4 moles of glycerol (INCI name: POLYGLYCERYL-4 OLEYL ETHER), oleic alcohol with 2 moles of glycerol (INCI name: POLYGLYCERYL-2 OLEYL ETHER), cetearyl alcohol with 2 moles of glycerol, cetearyl alcohol with 6 moles of glycerol, oleocetyl alcohol with 6 moles of glycerol, and octadecanol with 6 moles of glycerol. The alcohol can be a mixture of alcohols in the same way that the value of m represents a statistical value, which means that in a commercial product several species of polyglycerolated fatty alcohols can coexist as a mixture. Among the mono- or poly-glycerolated alcohols, it is more particularly preferred to use the C 8 / C 10 alcohol with one mole of glycerol, the C 10 / C 12 alcohol with 1 mole of glycerol and the alcohol with 1,5 Ciz mole of glycerol. Preferably, the surfactant present in the anhydrous composition is a nonionic surfactant.

The content of surfactants in the anhydrous composition (A) more particularly represents from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 30% by weight relative to the weight of the anhydrous composition. The cosmetic composition (A) may also contain various additives conventionally used in compositions for dyeing or lightening the hair, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric or zwitterionic polymers or mixtures thereof; mineral thickeners, and in particular fillers such as clays, talc; organic thickeners, in particular anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric polymeric associative thickeners; antioxidants; penetrants; sequestering agents; perfumes ; dispersants; film-forming agents; conditioning agents; ceramides; preservatives; opacifying agents.

The above additives are generally present in an amount for each of them between 0.01 and 20% by weight relative to the weight of the composition (A), when they are present. The composition may comprise one or more mineral thickeners chosen from organophilic clays, pyrogenic silicas, or mixtures thereof. The organophilic clay may be selected from montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof. The clay is preferably a bentonite or a hectorite. These clays can be modified with a chemical compound chosen from quaternary amines, tertiary amines, amino acetates, imidazolines, amine soaps, fatty sulphates, alkyl aryl sulphonates, amine oxides, and mixtures thereof. As organophilic clays, mention may be made of quaternium-18 bentonites such as those sold under the names Bentone 3, Bentone 38, Bentone 38V by Rheox, Tixogel VP by United catalyst, Claytone 34, Claytone 40, Claytone XL by Southern Clay Company; stearalkonium bentonites such as those sold under the names Bentone 27 by Rheox, Tixogel LG by United Catalyst, Claytone AF, Claytone APA by Southern Clay; quaternium-18 / benzalkonium bentonite such as those sold under the names Claytone HT, Claytone PS by Southern Clay; Quaternium-18 Hectorites such as those sold under the names Bentone Gel DOA, Bentone Gel ECO5, Bentone Gel EUG, Bentone Gel IPP, Bentone Gel ISD, Bentone Gel SS71, Bentone Gel VS8, Bentone Gel VS38 by Rhéox and Simagel M Simagel SI 345 by the company Biophil. The fumed silicas can be obtained by high temperature hydrolysis of a volatile silicon compound in an oxyhydrogen flame, producing a finely divided silica. This process makes it possible in particular to obtain hydrophilic silicas which have a large number of silanol groups on their surface. Such hydrophilic silicas are, for example, sold under the names "AEROSIL 130®", "AEROSIL 200®", "AEROSIL 255®", "AEROSIL 300®", "AEROSIL 380®" by the company Degussa, "CAB-O- SIL HS-5® "," CAB-O-SIL EH-5® "," CAB-O-SIL LM-130® "," CAB-O-SIL MS-55® "," CAB-O-SIL M -5® "by the company Cabot. It is possible to chemically modify the surface of the silica by chemical reaction in order to reduce the number of silanol groups.

In particular, it is possible to substitute silanol groups with hydrophobic groups: a hydrophobic silica is then obtained. The hydrophobic groups may be: trimethylsiloxyl groups, which are especially obtained by treatment of pyrogen in the presence of hexamethyldisilazane.

Silicas thus treated are called "silica silylate" according to the CTFA (6th edition, 1995). They are, for example, sold under the references "AEROSIL R812®" by Degussa, "CAB-OSIL TS-530®" by Cabot. - Dimethylsilyloxyl or polydimethylsiloxane groups, which are obtained in particular by treatment of fumed silica in the presence of polydimethylsiloxane or dimethyldichlorosilane. Silicas thus treated are called "Silica dimethyl silylate" according to the CTFA (heme edition, 1995). They are for example sold under the references "AEROSIL R972®", "AEROSIL R974®" by the company Degussa, "CAB-O-SIL TS-610®", "CAB-O-SIL TS-720®" by the company Pooch. The fumed silica preferably has a particle size that may be nanometric to micrometric, for example ranging from about 5 to 200 nm. Preferably, the composition comprises a hectorite, an organomodified bentonite or an optionally modified pyrogenic silica.

When present, the mineral thickening agent represents from 1 to 30% by weight relative to the weight of the composition. Advantageously, the composition is in the form of a gel or a cream. The process according to the invention also uses a composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents. More particularly, the oxidizing agent (s) is (are) chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates or ferricyanides, peroxygenated salts, for example alkali metal or alkaline persulfates, perborates and percarbonates; -terrous, as well as peracids and their precursors. One or more oxidation-reduction enzymes such as laccases, peroxidases and 2-electron oxidoreductases (such as uricase) may also be used as the oxidizing agent, optionally in the presence of their respective donor or cofactor.

This oxidizing agent is advantageously constituted by hydrogen peroxide and especially in aqueous solution (hydrogen peroxide) whose concentration may vary, more particularly from 0.1 to 50% by weight, and even more preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight. by weight, better from 1 to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the oxidizing composition (B).

Depending on the desired degree of lightening, the oxidizing agent may also comprise an oxidizing agent preferably chosen from peroxygenated salts. Preferably, the oxidizing agent is not chosen from peroxygenated salts and peracids and precursors. The oxidizing composition (B) may contain one or more fatty substances as described above. In a first variant of the invention, only the composition (A) comprises one or more volatile linear alkanes as defined above. In a second variant of the invention, the oxidizing composition (B) comprises one or more volatile linear alkanes as defined above, alone or in combination with at least one additional fatty substance as described above.

When the oxidizing composition (B) contains one or more fatty substances, it (they) is (are) contained (s) preferably in a total amount (linear alkane (s) volatile (s) + the eventual (s) ( s) additional fatty substance (s)) ranging from 5 to 70% by weight, better still from 10 to 65% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition (B) According to a third variant of the invention, the compositions ( A) and (B) comprise one or more volatile linear alkanes as defined above, alone or in combination with at least one additional fatty substance as described above. The oxidizing composition (B) may be aqueous or non-aqueous. By aqueous composition is meant a composition comprising more than 5% by weight of water, preferably more than 10% by weight of water, and even more advantageously more than 20% by weight of water relative to the weight. total of the composition (B). Preferably, the composition (B) is an aqueous composition.

It may also include one or more organic solvents. Examples of organic solvents that may be mentioned include linear or branched C 2 -C 4 alkanols, such as ethanol and isopropanol; glycerol; polyols and polyol ethers such as 2-butoxyethanol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and monomethyl ether; as well as aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol or phenoxyethanol, and mixtures thereof.

The solvent or solvents, if present, represent a content usually ranging from 1 to 40% by weight relative to the weight of the oxidizing composition (B), and preferably from 5 to 30% by weight. The oxidizing composition (B) may comprise one or more acidifying agents.

Among the acidifying agents, mention may be made, for example, of mineral or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, orthophosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, tartaric acid citric acid, lactic acid, sulphonic acids.

Usually, the pH of the oxidizing composition (B), when aqueous, is less than 7. The oxidizing composition (B) may also contain other additives conventionally used in the field, such as in particular those mentioned previously in the context of the present invention. of the anhydrous composition (A). Finally, the oxidizing composition (B) is in various forms, such as a solution, an emulsion or a gel. The process according to the invention also uses a composition (C) comprising one or more alkaline agents.

The alkaline agent is preferably chosen from: • ammonia, • organic amines having a pKb at 25 ° C. of less than 12, and their organic and inorganic salts, • mineral bases, • ammonium salts, and • their mixtures. As an alkaline agent, it is possible to use one or more organic amines having a pKb at 25 ° C. of less than 12, preferably of less than 10, and even more preferentially of less than 6.

It should be noted that this is the pKb corresponding to the highest basicity function. Said organic amine may be (i) an organic amine comprising one or two primary, secondary or tertiary amine functions, and one or more linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl groups carrying one or more hydroxyl groups, (ii) an amino acid, (iii) a heterocyclic organic amine, (iv) an amino acid dipeptide, (v) guanidine or a compound having a guanidine function, (vi) or a mixture thereof. As examples of amines (i), there may be mentioned alkanolamines such as mono-, di- or trialkanolamines, comprising one to three hydroxyalkyl groups, identical or not, C1-C4. Among the compounds of this type, mention may be made of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, N-dimethylaminoethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and triisopropanolamine, 2 amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol, tris-hydroxymethylaminomethane. Also suitable are organic amines of the following formula: wherein W is a C 1 -C 6 alkylene radical optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group; RX, Ry, Rz and Rt, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group or a C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl group or a C1-C6 aminoalkyl group. By way of example, mention may be made of such amines, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,3-diamino-2-propanol, spermine or spermidine. The amino acids that can be used as alkaline agents (ii) are more particularly of natural or synthetic origin, in their L, D, or racemic form, and comprise at least one acid function chosen more particularly from carboxylic, sulphonic, phosphonic or phosphoric. Amino acids can be in neutral or ionic form.

As amino acids that may be used in the present invention, mention may in particular be made of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, arginine, ornithine, citrulline, asparagine, carnitine and cysteine. , glutamine, glycine, histidine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, N-phenylalanine, proline, serine, taurine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine. Advantageously, the amino acids are basic amino acids comprising an additional amine function optionally included in a ring or in a ureido function. Such basic amino acids are preferably chosen from those corresponding to the following formula (I '):

Wherein R denotes a group selected from: - (CH2) 3NH2 - (CH2) 2NH2 - (CH2) 2NHCONH2 - (CH2) 2NH11-NH2NH25 The compounds corresponding to the formula (I ') ) are histidine, lysine, arginine, ornithine or citrulline. Preferably, the basic amino acids are arginine, lysine, histidine, or mixtures thereof. As examples of organic amine (iii) of heterocyclic type, mention may be made in particular, besides the histidine already mentioned in the amino acids, pyridine, piperidine, imidazole, triazole, tetrazole and benzimidazole. As amino acid dipeptides (organic amines (iv)) that can be used in the present invention, mention may be made in particular of carnosine, anserin and whale. As examples of organic amine (v), there may be mentioned guanidine, arginine already mentioned as amino acid (organic amine (ii)), creatine, creatinine, 1,1-dimethylguanidine, 1, 1-diethylguanidine, glycocyamine, metformin, agmatine, n-amidinoalanine, 3-guanidinopropionic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid and 2 - ([amino (imino) methyl] amino) ethane lsulfonique. In an advantageous embodiment, the composition (C) comprises the combination of monethanolamine and an amino acid (ii).

In this case, the monethanolamine is present in a content ranging from 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight relative to the weight of said composition (C). As regards the content of basic amino acid (s), this will more particularly vary from 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight relative to the weight of said composition (C). In this particular embodiment, the weight ratio monoethanolamine / amino acid (ii) is preferably from 0.1 to 10, more preferably from 0.3 to 10, more preferably from 1 to 5. The organic amine salts may used in the composition (C) are the organic or inorganic salts of an organic amine as described above. Preferably, the organic salts are chosen from salts of organic acids such as citrates, lactates, glycolates, gluconates, acetates, propionates, fumarates, oxalates and tartrates.

Preferably, the inorganic salts are chosen from halohydrates (hydrochlorides for example), carbonates, hydrogenocarbonates, sulphates, hydrogen phosphates and phosphates.

Preferably, the organic amine salts present in the cosmetic composition (C) are chosen from inorganic salts of organic amines, in particular carbonates of organic amines. More preferably, the organic amine salts are chosen from inorganic salts of alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine hydrochloride, inorganic salts of amino acids, and guanidine carbonate. Even more preferably, the organic amine salt is guanidine carbonate. The mineral bases that can be used in the composition (C) are compounds having in their structure one or more elements of the columns 1 to 13 of the periodic table, the elements being different from hydrogen, and not simultaneously comprising atoms. of carbon and hydrogen. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the mineral base contains one or more elements of columns 1 and 2 of the periodic table, different from hydrogen. In a preferred variant the mineral base has the following structure: (ZiX) m (Z2Y +) n in which: Z2 denotes a metal of columns 1 to 13 of the periodic table of the elements, preferably 1 or 2, such as sodium or potassium ; ZiX- is an anion selected from CO32-, 0W, HCO32-, 51032-, HPO42-, PO43-, B4O72-, preferably from CO32-, 0W, 51032; x is 1, 2 or 3; y is 1, 2, 3 or 4; m and n are independently of one another 1, 2, 3 or 4; with n.y = m.x. Preferably, the mineral base corresponds to the following formula (ZiX-) m (Z2y +) n, in which Z2 denotes a metal of columns 1 and 2 of the periodic table of the elements; ZiX- is an anion selected from CO32, 0W, SiO32-, x is 1, y is 1 or 2, m and n are independently 1 or 2 with n.y = m.x. As examples of mineral base that can be used according to the invention, mention may be made of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate and potassium metasilicate. Preferably the mineral base is an alkali carbonate or soda. The ammonium salts which can be used in the composition (C) according to the present invention are the ammonium salts (NH 4 +). The ammonium salts which can be used in the composition (C) according to the present invention are preferably chosen from the salts of the following acids: acetate, carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, citrate, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, sulfate. In a particularly preferred manner, the ammonium carbonate will be used. Preferably, the composition (C) does not include persalts. The ammonium salt (s) may be used in admixture with one or more solid or pasty adjuvants, and preferably pulverulent. The adjuvants may be chosen from clays, salts other than ammonium salts, anionic, nonionic, cationic or zwitterionic surfactants, natural or synthetic thickeners, optionally modified starch, glass beads, silica, nylon, alumina, titanium dioxide, zeolites, poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), chitosan, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin, mono- or disaccharides such as glucose, sucrose, sorbitol or fructose, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, silicates, talc, calcium borosilicates, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), cellulose and its derivatives, superabsorbent compounds, magnesium or calcium carbonates , polyacrylamide, porous hydroxyapatite, sawdust, fucus powder, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, calcium alginate, activated carbon, polyvinylidene chloride / acrylon particles itrile), in particular those marketed under the general name of "Expancel®" by AKZO NOBEL under the special references "Expancel® WE" or "DE" Expancels, and their mixtures. Preferably, the alkaline agent is chosen from: organic amines having a pKb at 25 ° C. of less than 12, such as ethanolamine alone or in admixture with an amino acid, inorganic salts of alkanolamines, inorganic salts amino acids, and guanidine carbonate, • alkali carbonates and sodium hydroxide, • ammonium carbonate, and • mixtures thereof. Even more preferably, the alkaline agent is an organic amine having a pKb at 25 ° C. of less than 12, and even more preferably monoethanolamine. Advantageously, the composition (C) has an alkaline agent content (s) ( s) ranging from 0.01 to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of said composition (C). The composition (C) may comprise one or more fatty substances as defined above, and in particular one or more volatile linear alkanes of the invention.

Preferably the composition (C) does not contain volatile linear alkanes of the invention. In one variant of the invention, the composition (C) does not contain fatty substances. The composition (C) may further comprise one or more oxidation dyes and / or one or more direct dyes, when it is a coloring process. The oxidation dyes are generally chosen from oxidation bases optionally combined with one or more couplers. By way of example, the oxidation bases are chosen from para-phenylenediamines, bis-phenylalkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases and their addition salts. Among the paraphenylenediamines, there may be mentioned, by way of example, para-phenylenediamine, paratoluylenediamine, 2-chloro-paraphenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl para-phenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine, 4-amino-N, N-diethyl-3- methyl aniline, N, N-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) -paraphenylenediamine, 4-N, N-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) amino-2-methylaniline, 4-N, N-bis- ( (3-hydroxyethyl) amino-2-chloroaniline, 2- (3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine, 2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine, N - ((3-hydroxypropyl) para-phenylenediamine, 2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N- (ethyl, (3-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, N - ((3, y-dihydroxypropyl) paraphenylenediamine, N- (4'-aminophenyl) paraphenylenediamine, N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2- (3-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2- (3-acetylaminoethyloxy) para-phenylenediamine, N- (P-methoxyethyl) -paraphenylene- diamine, 4-aminophenylpyrrolidine, 2-thienyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-13-hydroxyethylamino, 5-aminotoluene, 3-hydroxy-1- (4'-aminophenyl) pyrrolidine and their addition salts with an acid.

Of the paraphenylenediamines mentioned above, paraphenylenediamine, paratoluylenediamine, 2-isopropyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-P-hydroxyethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-hydroxy-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6 ethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, N, N-bis- (13-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2- (3-acetylaminoethyloxy) para-phenylenediamine, and their acid addition salts; Particularly preferred bis-phenylalkylenediamines include, for example, N, N'-bis- (13-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis (4'-aminophenyl) -1,3-diamino. propanol, N, N'-bis- (13-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis- (4'-aminophenyl) ethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (4-aminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N ' bis (13-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis- (4-aminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (4-methylaminophenyl) tetramate thylenediamine, N, N'-bis (ethyl) N, N'-bis- (4'-amino, 3'-methylphenyl) ethylenediamine, 1,8-bis (2,5-diamino phenoxy) -3 , 6-dioxaoctane, and their addition salts. Among para-aminophenols, para-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluoro phenol, 4-amino-3-chlorophenol, 4- amino 3-hydroxymethyl phenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol, 4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol, 4-amino-2- hydroxyethyl aminomethyl) phenol, 4-amino-2-fluoro phenol, and their addition salts with an acid. Among the ortho-aminophenols, mention may be made, for example, of 2-amino phenol, 2-amino-5-methylphenol, 2-amino-6-methylphenol and 5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and their addition salts. Among the heterocyclic bases that may be mentioned by way of example are pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives and pyrazole derivatives. Among the pyridine derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described for example in patents GB 1 026 978 and GB 1 153 196, such as 2,5-diamino pyridine, 2- (4-methoxyphenyl) amino-3-amino pyridine, 3,4-diamino pyridine, and their addition salts. Other pyridinic oxidation bases useful in the present invention are the 3-amino pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridines oxidation bases or their addition salts described for example in the patent application FR 2801308. By way of example, mention may be made of pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2-acetylamino pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 3-aminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-2-carboxylic acid; 2-methoxy-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamino; (3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) methanol; 2- (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-yl) -ethanol; 2- (3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) -ethanol (3-aminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-2-yl) -methanol; 3,6-diamino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine; 3,4-diamino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine; pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-3,7-diamine; 7-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-3,5-diamine; 5-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2 - [(3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-yl) - (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] ethanol; 2 - [(3-aminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) - (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] ethanol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-4-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-6-ol; 3-aminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-ol; as well as their addition salts. Among the pyrimidine derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described, for example, in DE 2359399; JP 88-169571; JP 05-63124; EP 0770375 or patent application WO 96/15765 such as 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2-hydroxy 4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine, 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine and their addition salts and tautomeric forms, when tautomeric equilibrium exists.

Among the pyrazole derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described in DE 3843892, DE 4133957 and patent applications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FR-A-2 733 749 and DE 195 43 988 as the 4.5 1-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino 1 - ((3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole, 3,4-diamino pyrazole, 4,5-diamino 1- (4'-chlorobenzyl) pyrazole, 4, 5-diamino 1,3-dimethyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenylpyrazole, 4-amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazino pyrazole, 1-benzyl-4,5-diamino-3-methyl-pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-tert-butyl-1-methyl-pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-pyrazole, 4 5-diamino-1 - ((3-hydroxyethyl) 3-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3- mét 1-isopropyl pyrazole, 4-amino-5- (2'-aminoethyl) amino 1,3-dimethyl pyrazole, 3,4,5-triamino pyrazole, 1-methyl-3,4,5-triamino pyrazole, 3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylamino pyrazole, 3,5-diamino 4 - ((3-hydroxyethyl) amino-1-methyl pyrazole, and their addition salts. It is also possible to use 4-5-diamino-1 - ((3-methoxyethyl) pyrazole.

Preferably, a 4,5-diaminopyrazole and even more preferably 4,5-diamino-1- (3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole and / or one of its salts will be used. As pyrazole derivatives, mention may also be made of diamino N, N-dihydropyrazolopyrazolones and especially those described in application FR-A-2 886 136 such as the following compounds and their addition salts: 2,3-diamino-6 7-Dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-ethylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol -1-one, 2-amino-3-isopropylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3- (pyrrolidin-1-yl) 6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 4,5-diamino-1,2-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4 5-diamino-1,2-diethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4,5-diamino-1,2-di- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3 -one, 2-amino-3- (2-hydroxyethyl) amino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-dimethylamino-6, 7-Dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2,3-diamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H, 6H-pyridazino [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 4-amino-1,2-diethyl-5- (pyrrolidin-1-yl) -1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4-amino-5- (3-dimethyl) amino-pyrrolidin-1-yl) -1,2-diethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 2,3-diamino-6-hydroxy-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1 2-a] pyrazol-lone. It will be preferred to use 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one and / or a salt thereof. As heterocyclic bases, 4,5-diamino-1- (3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole and / or 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2- a] pyrazol-1-one and / or a salt thereof. The composition according to the invention may optionally comprise one or more couplers advantageously chosen from those conventionally used for dyeing keratinous fibers. Among these couplers, there may be mentioned meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalenic couplers, heterocyclic couplers and their addition salts.

By way of example, mention may be made of 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene, 4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene and 2,4-diamino-1- (B- hydroxyethyloxy) benzene, 2-amino 4- (B-hydroxyethylamino) 1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diamino benzene, 1,3-bis- (2,4-diaminophenoxy) propane, 3-ureido aniline, 3-ureido 1-dimethylamino benzene, sesamol, 1-β-hydroxyethylamino-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene, α-naphthol, 2-methyl-1-naphthol, 6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy N-methylindole, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, 6-hydroxybenzomorpholine 3,5-diamino-2,6-dimethoxypyridine, 1-N- (13-hydroxyethyl) amino-3 , 4-methylene dioxybenzene, 2,6-bis- (13-hydroxyethylamino) toluene, 6-hydroxy indoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methyl pyridine, 1-H 3 -methyl pyrazole 5-one, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-pyrazole-5-one, 2,6-dimethyl-pyrazolo [1,5-b] -1,2,4-triazole, 2,6-dimethyl [3,2-c] -1, 2,4-triazole, 6-methyl pyrazolo [1 , 5-a] -benzimidazole, their addition salts with an acid, and mixtures thereof. In general, the addition salts of the oxidation bases and couplers that can be used in the context of the invention are chosen especially from the addition salts with an acid such as hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates, citrates, succinates, tartrates, lactates, tosylates, benzenesulfonates, phosphates and acetates. The oxidation base (s) each advantageously represent from 0.0001 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The content of the coupler (s), if they are (are) present, are each advantageously from 0.0001 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. As regards the direct dyes, the latter are more particularly chosen from ionic or nonionic species, preferably cationic or nonionic species.

As examples of suitable direct dyes, mention may be made of azo direct dyes; methinic; carbonyls; azinic; nitro (hetero) aryl; tri- (hetero) aryl methanes; porphyrins; phthalocyanines and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures. More particularly, the azo dyes comprise a function -N = N- whose two nitrogen atoms are not simultaneously engaged in a ring. However, it is not excluded that one of the two nitrogen atoms of the sequence -N = N- is engaged in a cycle.

The dyes of the family of methines are more particularly compounds comprising at least one sequence chosen from> C = C <and -N = C <whose two atoms are not simultaneously engaged in a ring. It is however specified that one of the nitrogen or carbon atoms of the chains can be engaged in one cycle. More particularly, the dyes of this family are derived from methine, azomethine, mono- and di-arylmethane compounds, indoamines (or diphenylamines), indophenols, indoanilines, carbocyanines, azacabocyanines and their isomers, diazacarbocyanines and their isomers, tetraazacarbocyanines, hemicyanines As regards the dyes of the carbonyl family, mention may be made, for example, of the dyes chosen from acridone, benzoquinone, anthraquinone, naphthoquinone, benzanthrone, anthranthrone, pyranthrone, pyrazolanthrone, pyrimidinoanthrone, flavanthrone, idanthrone, flavone, (iso) violanthrone, isoindolinone, benzimidazolone, isoquinolinone, anthrapyridone, pyrazoloquinazolone, perinone, quinacridone, quinophthalone, indigo, thioindigo, naphthalimide, anthrapyrimidine, diketopyrrolopyrrole, coumarin. As regards the dyes of the family of cyclic azines, there may be mentioned in particular azine, xanthene, thioxanthene, fluorindine, acridine, (di) oxazine, (di) thiazine, pyronine. The nitro (hetero) aromatic dyes are more particularly nitrobenzene or nitro pyridinic direct dyes.

With regard to porphyrin or phthalocyanine dyes, it is possible to use cationic or non-cationic compounds, optionally comprising one or more metals or metal ions, for example alkali and alkaline earth metals, zinc and silicon.

By way of example of particularly suitable direct dyes, mention may be made of the nitro dyes of the benzene series and the azo direct dyes; azomethines; methinic; azacarbocyanines such as tetraazacarbocyanines (tetraazapentamethines); quinone direct dyes and in particular anthraquinone, naphthoquinone or benzoquinone direct dyes azine; xanthenics; triarylmethane indoamines; indigoids; phthalocyanines, porphyrins and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures. These dyes may be monochromophoric dyes (that is to say comprising only one dye) or polychromophoric, preferably di- or tri-chromophoric dyes; the chromophores which may be identical or different, of the same chemical family or not. It should be noted that a polychromophoric dye comprises several radicals each derived from an absorbing molecule in the visible range between 400 and 800 nm. In addition, this absorbance of the dye does not require any prior oxidation thereof, or association with other (s) species (s) chemical (s). In the case of polychromophoric dyes, the chromophores are connected to each other by means of at least one linker which may or may not be cationic. Preferably, the linker is a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl chain, optionally interrupted by at least one heteroatom (such as nitrogen, oxygen) and / or by at least one group comprising (CO, SO2), optionally interrupted by at least one heterocyclic ring which may or may not be condensed with a phenyl ring and comprising at least one quaternized nitrogen atom engaged in said ring and optionally at least one other heteroatom (such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur), optionally interrupted by at least one phenyl or substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, optionally at least one quaternary ammonium group substituted by two optionally substituted C1-C15 alkyl groups; the linking arm does not comprise a nitro, nitroso or peroxo group.

If the heterocycles or aromatic rings are substituted, they are, for example, substituted by one or more C 1 -C 8 alkyl groups optionally substituted by a hydroxyl, C 1 -C 2 alkoxy, C 2 -C 4 hydroxyalkoxy, acetylamino or amino group substituted by one or more groups. two C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups optionally carrying at least one hydroxyl group or both groups being able to form, with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, optionally comprising another identical heteroatom or different from nitrogen; a halogen atom; a hydroxyl group; a C1-C2 alkoxy group; a C2-C4 hydroxyalkoxy group; an amino group; an amino group substituted with one or two identical or different C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group. Among the benzene direct dyes that may be used according to the invention, the following compounds may be mentioned in a nonlimiting manner: 1,4-diamino-2-nitrobenzene, 1-amino-2-nitro-4-13-hydroxyethylaminobenzene-1-amino -2-nitro-4-bis ((3-hydroxyethyl) -aminobenzene-1,4-bis (β-hydroxyethylamino) -2-nitrobenzene-1-β-hydroxyethylamino-2-nitro-4-bis - ((3-hydroxyethylamino ) -benzene-l, 3-hydroxyethylamino-2-nitro-4-aminobenzene-1- (3-hydroxyethylamino-2-nitro-4- (ethyl) (3-hydroxyethyl) -aminobenzene-1-amino-3-methyl- 4- (3-Hydroxyethylamino-6-nitrobenzene-1-amino-2-nitro-4- (3-hydroxyethylamino) -5-chlorobenzene-1,2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene-1-amino-2- (3-hydroxyethyl) amino 5-nitrobenzene-1,2-bis ((3-hydroxyethylamino) -4-nitrobenzene-1-amino-2-tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamino-5-nitrobenzene

- 1-Hydroxy-2-amino-5-nitrobenzene

- 1-Hydroxy-2-amino-4-nitrobenzene

- 1-Hydroxy-3-nitro-4-aminobenzene - 1-hydroxy-2-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzene

1- (3-hydroxyethyloxy-2- (3-hydroxyethylamino) -5-nitrobenzene

- 1-Methoxy-2- (3-hydroxyethylamino-5-nitrobenzene

1- (3-hydroxyethyloxy-3-methylamino-4-nitrobenzene

1- (3-yl-dihydroxypropyloxy-3-methylamino-4-nitrobenzene-1- (3-hydroxyethylamino-4- (3-yl) dihydroxypropyloxy) -2-

nitrobenzene

1- (3-yl-dihydroxypropylamino-4-trifluoromethyl-2-nitrobenzene

1- (3-hydroxyethylamino-4-trifluoromethyl-2-nitrobenzene

1- (3-Hydroxyethylamino-3-methyl-2-nitrobenzene-1-13-aminoethylamino-5-methoxy-2-nitrobenzene

- 1-Hydroxy-2-chloro-6-ethylamino-4-nitrobenzene

- 1-Hydroxy-2-chloro-6-amino-4-nitrobenzene

- 1-Hydroxy-6-bis - ((3-hydroxyethyl) -amino-3-nitrobenzene

1- (3-Hydroxyethylamino-2-nitrobenzene-1-hydroxy-4- (3-hydroxyethylamino-3-nitrobenzene.

Among the azo direct dyes, azomethines, methines or

tetraazapentamethines that may be used according to the invention may be mentioned

cationic dyes disclosed in WO patent applications

95/15144, WO 95/01772 and EP 714954; FR 2189006, FR 2285851, FR-2140205, EP 1378544, EP 1674073.

Thus, the following dyestuffs of formulas (I) to (IV), and preferably the compounds of formulas (I) and (III), may especially be mentioned: R'3 R1 AD D-N (I) X R2 R3 in which :

D represents a nitrogen atom or the group -CH, R1 and R2, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group which may be substituted with a -CN, -OH or -NH 2 group or form, with a carbon atom of the benzene ring, an optionally oxygenated or nitrogen-containing heterocycle, which may be substituted by one or more C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups; C4; a 4'-aminophenyl group, R3 and R'3, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom chosen from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a cyano group, a C1-C6 alkyl group, C4, C1-C4 alkoxy or acetyloxy, X - represents an anion preferably chosen from chloride, methyl sulfate and acetate, A represents a group chosen from the following structures A1 to A18 in a more advantageous manner A1, A4, A7, A13 and A18 R4 NN + + R4 R4 A1 A4 R4 A2 R4 N-N + R4 N R4 A5 A3 R4 N4 + R4 R4 A7 A8 A9 A11 Al2 / R4 / R4 IN + NN + S A13 A14 A15

R4 R4 R4 4 N + Ra N + N 1 N, SN, SN R4 A16 A17 A18 wherein R4 is C1-C4 alkyl which may be substituted by hydroxyl and R5 is C1-C4 alkoxy R4 B11N R6 / N

R, R9 in which:

R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group,

R7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted with a -CN group or an amino group, a 4'-aminophenyl group or form with R6 an optionally oxygenated and / or nitrogenous heterocycle which may be substituted by a group C1-C4 alkyl,

R8 and R9, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom,

A halogen atom such as bromine, chlorine, iodine or fluorine, a C1-C4 alkyl group or a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a -CN group,

X- represents an anion preferably chosen from chloride, methyl sulfate and acetate,

B represents a group chosen by the following structures B1 to B6 R10V, Rio R10 N + N N + N N + R10 R11 NS Rio R12 B2 B3 20 B1) N + • RS 10 Rio I Rio B4 B5 B6 in which: R10 represents an alkyl group C1-C4, R11 and R12, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group; (III) wherein R13 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a halogen atom such as bromine, chlorine, iodine or fluorine, R14 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group or form with a carbon atom of the benzene ring a heterocycle optionally oxygenated and / or substituted by one or more C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups, R 15 represents a hydrogen or halogen atom such that bromine, chlorine, iodine or fluorine, R16 and R17, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 alkyl group, D1 and D2, identical or different, represent a nitrogen atom or the group -CH, m = 0 or 1, preferably 1, it being understood that when R13 represents an unsubstituted amino group, then D1 and D2 simultaneously represent a -CH group and m = 0, X represents an anion of preferably selected from chloride, methyl sulfate and acetate, E represents a group selected by the structures E1 to E8, more particularly E1, E2 and E7 below: / \ R'uN + \ n + El o o

R '\ N N + N N +

R '

E3 E4 E6 E7 E8 wherein R 'is C1-C4 alkyl;

when m = 0 and D1 represents a nitrogen atom, then E can also denote a group of the following structure E9: R 'i R' N 'N + 1 and N i + NR' R 'R' \ R 'E2 OH E9 N + 1 R 'wherein R' represents a C1-C4 alkyl group. G n N N (IV) in which:

the symbol G represents a group chosen from the following structures G1 to G3: ## STR1 ## wherein R18 denotes a C1-C4 alkyl group, a phenyl group being be substituted by a C1-C4 alkyl group or a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine; R19 denotes a C1-C4 alkyl group or a phenyl group; R20 and R21, which may be identical or different, represent a C1-C4 alkyl group, a phenyl group, or together form in G1 a benzene ring substituted with one or more C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy or NO2 groups, or together form in G2 a benzene ring optionally substituted with one or more C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, or NO2 groups; R20 may further denote a hydrogen atom; Z is an oxygen atom, sulfur atom or a group -NR19; M represents a group -CH, -CR, R denoting a C1-C4 alkyl group, or -NR22 (X) r; K represents a group -CH, -CR, R denoting a C1-C4 alkyl group, or -NR22 (X) r; P represents a -CH, -CR group, R denoting a C1-C4 alkyl group, or -NR22 (X-) r; r is zero or 1; R22 represents an O atom, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, or a C1-C4 alkyl group; R23 and R24, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom chosen from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a C1-C4 alkyl group and a C1-C4 alkoxy group; NO2; X represents an anion preferably selected from chloride, iodide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, acetate and perchlorate; with the proviso that, if R22 is O, then r is zero; if K or P or M denote -N- (C1-C4 alkyl) X, then R23 or R24 is preferably different from a hydrogen atom; if K denotes -NR22 (X-) r, then M = P = -CH or -CR; if M denotes -NR22 (X-) r, then K = P = -CH or -CR; if P denotes -NR22 (X-) r, then K = M and denote -CH or -CR; if Z denotes a sulfur atom with R 21 denoting C1-C4 alkyl, then R20 is different from a hydrogen atom; if Z denotes -NR22 with R19 denoting C1-C4 alkyl, then at least one of the groups R18, R20 or R21 of the group of structure G2 is different from a C1-C4 alkyl group; the symbol J represents: - (a) a group of structure J1 following structure J1 in which: R25 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom chosen from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a group C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, -OH, -NO2, -NHR28, -NR29R30, -NHCO (C1-C4alkyl), or forms with R26 a 5- or 6-membered ring containing or not one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur; R 26 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom selected from chlorine, bromine, iodine and fluorine, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy or form with R27 or R28 a ring 5- or 6-membered ring containing or not containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur; R27 is hydrogen, -OH, -NHR28, -NR29R30; R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group, a C 1 -C 4 monohydroxyalkyl group, a C 2 -C 4 polyhydroxyalkyl group or a phenyl group;

R29 and R30, which may be identical or different, represent a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 monohydroxyalkyl group and a C2-C4 polyhydroxyalkyl group; (b) a 5- or 6-membered nitrogenous heterocyclic group capable of containing other heteroatoms and / or carbonyl groups and which may be substituted by one or more C 1 -C 4 alkyl, amino or phenyl groups,

and in particular a grouping of structure J2 following / R3, MiN

\ Mn J2 N

o R32

structure J2 wherein: R31 and R32, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a phenyl group; CH3 Y designates the group -CO- or the group ùC =

n = 0 or 1, with when n denotes 1, U denotes the group -CO-.

In the structures (I) to (IV) defined above, the alkyl or C 1 -C 4 alkoxy group preferably denotes methyl, ethyl, butyl, methoxy or ethoxy.

Among the compounds of formulas (I) and (III), the following compounds are preferred: ## STR2 ## The following dyes, described in the COLOR INDEX INTERNATIONAL 3rd edition: - Disperse Red 17 -, may also be mentioned among the azo direct dyes. Basic Red 22 10 - Basic Red 76 - Basic Yellow 57 - Basic Brown 16 - Basic Brown 17 - Disperse Black 9. We can also mention 1- (4'-aminodiphenylazo) -2-methyl-4bis - ((3- hydroxyethyl) aminobenzene Among the quinone direct dyes are the following dyes - Disperse Red 15 - Solvent Violet 13 - Disperse Violet 1 - Disperse Violet 4 - Disperse Blue 1 - Disperse Violet 8 - Disperse Blue 3 - Disperse Red 11 - Disperse Blue 7 - Basic Blue 22 - Disperse Violet 15 - Basic Blue 99 and the following compounds - 1-N-methylmorpholiniumpropylamino-4-hydroxyanthraquinone - 1-Aminoprop ylamino-4-methylaminoanthraquinone-1-aminopropylaminoanthraquinone-5- (3-hydroxyethyl-1,4-diaminoanthraquinone-2-aminoethylaminoanthraquinone-1,4-bis-((3-yl dihydroxypropylamino) anthraquinone. Among the azine dyes, mention may be made of the following compounds: - Basic Blue 17 - Basic Red 2.

Among the triarylmethane dyes that may be used according to the invention, mention may be made of the following compounds: - Basic Green 1 - Basic Violet 3 - Basic Violet 14 - Basic Blue 7 - Basic Blue 26 Among the indoamine dyes that can be used according to the invention, mention may be made of the following compounds: 2- (3-hydroxyethlyamino-5- [bis - ((3-4'-hydroxyethyl) amino] anilino-1,4-benzoquinone - 2- (3-hydroxyethylamino-5- (2'-methoxy) 4'-amino) anilino-1,4-benzoquinone-3-N (2'-chloro-4'-hydroxy) phenyl-acetylamino-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone imine-3-N (3 ') -Chloro-4'-methylamino) phenyl-ureido-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone imine-3- [4'-N- (ethyl, carbamylmethyl) amino] phenyl-ureido-6-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone imine.

Among the tetraazapentamethine type dyes that can be used according to the invention, mention may be made of the following compounds appearing in the table below: ## STR1 ## ## STR1 ## ## STR1 ## N1 \ 1, X- N + ^, NNX N + ~ N% N ~ N ~ NnN ~ OH ~ N \ N OH N '^ XN +: • ~ N ~ N ~~ IX NN% N, N. Wherein N is an anion preferably selected from chloride, iodide, methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, acetate and the like. perchlorate. Among the polychromophoric dyes, mention may be made more particularly of azo and / or azomethine (hydrazonic) di- or trichromophoric dyes, symmetrical or not, comprising on the one hand at least one aromatic heterocycle comprising 5 or 6 ring members, optionally fused, comprising at least one quaternized nitrogen atom engaged in said heterocycle and optionally at least one other heteroatom (such as nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen), and on the other hand, at least one phenyl or naphthyl group, optionally substituted, optionally carrying at least one OR group with R representing a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl ring, or at least one N (R ') 2 group with R 'identical or not, representing a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted phenyl ring; the groups R 'being able to form, with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, a saturated 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, or else one and / or both R' groups may each form with the carbon atom of the aromatic ring placed in ortho of the nitrogen atom, a 5- or 6-membered saturated heterocycle. As aromatic cationic heterocycle, there may be mentioned, preferably, 5- or 6-membered rings comprising 1 to 3 nitrogen atoms, preferably 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms, one being quaternized; said heterocycle being optionally further fused to a benzene ring. It should also be noted that the heterocycle may optionally comprise another heteroatom different from nitrogen, such as sulfur or oxygen.

If the heterocycles or phenyl or naphthyl groups are substituted, they are substituted with, for example, one or more C 1 -C 8 alkyl groups optionally substituted with a hydroxyl, C 1 -C 2 alkoxy, C 2 -C 4 hydroxyalkoxy or acetylamino group, amino substituted by one or two C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups optionally carrying at least one hydroxyl group or both groups being able to form, with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, optionally comprising another heteroatom identical or different from nitrogen; a halogen atom; a hydroxyl group; a C1-C2 alkoxy group; a C2-C4 hydroxyalkoxy group; an amino group; an amino group substituted with one or two identical or different C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups optionally bearing at least one hydroxyl group. These polychromophores are connected to one another by means of at least one linking arm optionally comprising at least one quaternized nitrogen atom, which may or may not be engaged in a saturated or unsaturated, optionally aromatic heterocycle. Preferably, the linker is a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C20 alkyl chain, optionally interrupted by at least one heteroatom (such as nitrogen, oxygen) and / or by at least one group comprising (CO, SO2), optionally interrupted by at least one heterocyclic ring which may or may not be condensed with a phenyl ring and comprising at least one quaternized nitrogen atom engaged in said ring and optionally at least one other heteroatom (such as oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur), optionally interrupted by at least one phenyl or substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, optionally at least one quaternary ammonium group substituted by two optionally substituted C1-C15 alkyl groups; the linking arm does not comprise a nitro, nitroso or peroxo group. The link between the linker and each chromophore is generally by means of a heteroatom which substitutes the phenyl or naphthyl ring or by means of the quaternized nitrogen atom of the cationic heterocycle.

The dye may comprise identical or different chromophores. By way of examples of such dyes, reference may especially be made to patent applications EP 1637566, EP 1619221, EP 1634926, EP 1619220, EP 1672033, EP 1671954, EP 1671955, EP 1679312, EP 1671951, EP167952, EP167971, WO 06/063866, WO 06/063867, WO 06/063868, WO 06/063869, EP 1408919, EP 1377264, EP 1377262, EP 1377261, EP 1377263, EP 1399425, EP 1399117, EP 1416909, EP 1399116, EP 1671560. can also also use cationic direct dyes cited in applications EP 1006153, which describes dyes comprising two anthraquinone chromophores connected by means of a cationic linker; EP 1433472, EP 1433474, EP 1433471 and EP 1433473 which describe identical or different dichromophoric dyes, connected by a cationic or non-cationic linking arm, as well as EP 6291333 which describes in particular dyes comprising three chromophores, one of them being an anthraquinone chromophore to which are connected two azo-type chromophores or diazacarbocyanine or one of its isomers.

Among the natural direct dyes that may be used according to the invention, lawsone, juglone, alizarin, purpurine, carminic acid, kermesic acid, purpurogalline, protocatechaldehyde, indigo, isatin , curcumin, spinulosin, apigenidine, orceins, brazilin, braziline, haematein, hematoxylin. It is also possible to use the extracts or decoctions containing these natural dyes, and in particular poultices or extracts made from henna. When they are present, the direct dye (s) represent more particularly from 0.0001 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition (C ). The composition (C) may comprise one and / or the other types of dyes. It may possibly be derived from the mixture of two coloring compositions, one comprising the oxidation dye (s) and the other, the direct dye (s). The composition (C) can be an anhydrous or aqueous composition. By aqueous composition is meant a composition comprising more than 5% by weight of water, preferably more than 10% by weight of water, and even more advantageously more than 20% by weight of water relative to the weight. total of the composition. Preferably, the composition (C) is an aqueous composition. The composition may optionally comprise one or more solvents. Those cited in connection with the description of the aqueous composition (B) may be suitable for the composition (C), up to the specified concentrations also. The composition (C) may also comprise conventional additives such as those listed above for the composition (A). The pH of the composition (C), if aqueous, is between 2 and 12, preferably between 8 and 11. The pH is adjusted using acidifying or alkaline agents, such as those mentioned above. It is specified that if the final composition applied to the hair (comprising the compositions (A), (B) and (C)) comprises ammonia or a salt thereof, its content will preferably be less than or equal to 0, 03% by weight of the final composition (expressed as NH 3), more particularly less than or equal to 0.01% by weight relative to the final composition. It is stated that the final composition results from the mixing of compositions (A), (B) and (C); these mixtures being made either before application on the keratinous fibers (extemporaneous preparation) or directly on the keratinous fibers (successive applications with or without premixes and without intermediate rinsing). Preferably, if the composition comprises ammonia or a salt thereof, then the amount of basifying agent (s) is greater than that of ammonia (expressed as NH3). According to one variant, the composition according to the invention obtained after mixing the compositions (A), (B) and (C) described above, is such that, after mixing, the amount of fatty substance is greater than 20% by weight, preferably greater than 25% by weight and even more advantageously greater than 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the final composition. According to a first variant of the invention, the compositions (A), (B) and (C) are applied to the keratinous fibers, dry or wet, successively and without intermediate rinsing, more particularly the compositions (A) are applied and then (C) then (B) or (C) then (A) then (B). A particular embodiment of this variant corresponds to applying successively and without intermediate rinsing the composition resulting from the mixture prior to the application of compositions (A) and (C) and the oxidizing composition (B). According to a second variant of the process, a composition obtained by extemporaneous mixing before application of the compositions (A), (B) and (C) is applied to the keratin fibers, dry or wet. This variant is preferred. In each of these variants, the weight ratios R 1 of the amounts of compositions [(A) + (C)] / (B) and R 2 of the amounts of compositions (A) / (C) vary from 0.1 to 10, and from preferably, from 0.3 to 3. In addition, regardless of the variant used, the mixture present on the fibers (resulting either from the extemporaneous mixing of the compositions or from the successive application thereof) is left in place for duration, in general, of the order of 1 minute to 1 hour, preferably 5 minutes to 30 minutes. The temperature during the process is typically between room temperature (which may range from 15 to 25 ° C) and 80 ° C, preferably between room temperature and 60 ° C. At the end of the treatment, the human keratin fibers are optionally rinsed with water, optionally washed with a shampoo followed by rinsing with water, before being dried or allowed to dry. Another subject of the invention relates to a ready-to-use composition comprising: one or more surfactants, one or more oxidizing agents, one or more alkaline agents, and optionally one or more oxidation dyes and / or or more direct dyes, one or more fatty substances chosen from volatile linear alkanes, and optionally one or more additional fatty substances, the total amount of fatty substances being greater than 20% by weight, preferably greater than 25% by weight, and even more advantageously, greater than 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

The surfactants, the oxidizing agents, the alkaline agents, the oxidation dyes, the direct dyes, the volatile linear alkanes and the additional fatty substances that can be used in this ready-to-use composition are those described above.

Another subject of the invention relates to a multi-compartment device comprising: a first compartment containing the anhydrous composition (A) as described above, comprising one or more fatty substances, and one or more surfactants, a second compartment containing a composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents, and optionally one or more fatty substances, and - a third compartment, a composition (C) comprising one or more alkaline agents, said one or more fatty substances being chosen from alkanes volatile linear compounds, additional fatty substances and mixtures thereof, and it being understood that one or more volatile linear alkanes is or are contained in at least one of compositions (A), (B) or (C), preferably in the composition (A) or (B). According to one embodiment, the composition (C) comprises one or more oxidation dyes and / or one or more direct dyes. This device may also comprise one or more compositions for washing and / or conditioning the keratinous fibers, intended to be applied before and / or after the coloring and / or discoloration treatment according to the invention. This device may advantageously be equipped with means for delivering the desired mixture onto the hair, such as the devices described in patent FR 2586913.

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention

EXAMPLES Example 1 A lightening composition was prepared from the three compositions (A1), (B1) and (C1) obtained by mixing the ingredients indicated below. The amounts are indicated in% by weight relative to the weight of each composition.

Anhydrous composition Al% by weight Octyldodecanol 11.5 Distéardimonium hectorite * 3.0 Propylene carbonate 1.0 Polysorbate 21 11.0 Laureth-2 1.0 Mixture of n-undecane and n-tridecane according to Example 2 of the WO 2008/155059 72.5 * sold under the trade name Bentone 38VCG by the company Rheox.

Composition B1 (20 volume oxidizing composition)% by weight Hydrogen peroxide in solution at 50% by weight 12.00 Liquid Vaseline oil 20.00 cetylstearyl alcohol 8.00 cetylstearyl alcohol oxyethylenated with 33 moles of ethylene oxide (0E) 3.00 tetrasodium pyrophosphate, 10 H2O 0.03 disodium and tetrahydroxide 0.04 Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid pentasodium salt 0.15 Polyquaternium-6 0.50 Hexadimethrine chloride 0.25 Acid phosphoric qs pH 2.3 Amoxy acids of rapeseed oxyethylenated (40E) protected 1.3 Tocopherol 0.1 Glycerol 0.5 Water qs 100 Composition Cl% by weight Monoethanolamine 15.05 Hydroxyethylcellulose 1.5 Sodium metabisulfite 0.7 Acid Ascorbic acid 0.25 Pentasodium salt of diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid Propylene glycol 6.2 Ethanol 8.8 Hexylene glycol 3.0 Dipropylene glycol 3.0 Water qs 100 At the time of use, the following were mixed: 10 parts by weight of the composition Al, 15 parts in Ids of composition B1, and • 4 parts by weight of composition Cl. The resulting mixture (pH = 9.9 ± 0.1) was then applied to a lock of natural hair having a pitch of 4. at a rate of 10g of mixture for 1g of hair, and a exposure time of 30 min at 27 ° C. At the end of this time, the hair is rinsed, washed with a standard shampoo, and dried. The mixture obtained is odorless either during the preparation or during the exposure time on the locks. In addition, a good level of lightening was obtained as shown in Table 1 below. L * a * b * AE * ab Natural hair untreated 18.1 2.06 1.87 - Natural hair treated with 23.04 6.43 7.64 8.77 mixture of the invention Example 2 prepared coloring compositions from the three compositions (A2), (B2) and (C2) or (C3) obtained by mixing the ingredients indicated below. The amounts are indicated in% by weight relative to the weight of each composition. Composition A2 Liquid Vaseline Oil% by Weight 64.5 Octyldodecanol 11.5 Polysorbate 21 11.0 Ethylene Glycol Distearate 8.0 Laureth-2 1.0 Distéardimonium Hectorite * 3.0 Propylene Carbonate 1.0 * Sold as Bentone 38VCG commercial name by Rheox. Composition B2 (20-volume oxidizing composition) Oxyethylenated behenyl alcohol (10 OE)% by weight 6,00 Sorbitol 5,00 Mixture of n-undecane and n-tridecane 10,00 according to Example 2 of Application WO 2008 / 155059 Liquid Vaseline Oil 50.98 Laureth-ammonium sulphate 3.00 96% ethanol 2.00 sodium salicylate 0.04 tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.04 tetrasodium salt of etidronic acid 0.20 phosphoric acid 0 Hydrogen peroxide solution at 50% by weight 12.00 Hexadimethrin chloride 0.20 Polyquaternium-6 0.40 Water qs 100 Composition C2 or C3 Ingredient C2 C3 (% by weight) (% by weight) Pentasodium salt of 1,1-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid sodium metabisulfite 0.7 0.7 monoethanolamine 15.05 15.1 Para-toluenediamine 0.58 2.53 6-hydroxy-benzomorpholine - 0.11 1- (3-hydroxyethyloxy) -2 , 4 - 0,066 diaminobenzene.2HCI 1-methyl-2-hydroxy-4-amino-3,34-benzene resorcinol-2,2-aminophenol-0,4-amino-6-chloro-o-cresol 0.725 - sulfate of 1 4,5,5-hydroxyethylcellulose 1,5 1,5-hexylene glycol-3 dipropylene glycol 10 3 ethyl alcohol absolute 14.06 8.25 propylene glycol 5 6.2 acid-hydroxyethyl 4,5-5,22-diamino-pyrazole para-aminophenol ascorbic acid 0.25 0.25 water Qsp 100 Qsp 100 At the time of use, 10 parts by weight of the composition A2 were mixed together. - 15 parts by weight of the composition B2 - 4 parts by weight of the composition C2 or C3 66 Each mixture (A2 + B2 + C2) or (A2 + B2 + C3) obtained (pH 9.6 to 9.8) was then applied to a lock of natural hair at 90% white, at a rate of 10 g mix for 1g of hair, and a exposure time of 30 min at 27 ° C. At the end of this time, the hair is rinsed, washed with a standard shampoo and dried. The coloring mixtures are odorless either during the preparation or during the exposure time on the locks. An intense red was obtained with the A2 + B2 + C2 mixture and a powerful chestnut with the A2 + B2 + C3 mixture.

L * a * b * AE * ab Natural hair 90% white untreated (BN) 61,17 0,45 12,95 - BN treated with the mixture from 27,37 26,93 15,8 43,04 composition C2 BN treated with the mixture resulting from the 23.5 3.02 4.66 38.66 composition C3

Claims (19)

REVENDICATIONS1. A process for coloring or lightening human keratin fibers, wherein said fibers are coated with: (a) an anhydrous composition (A) comprising one or more fatty substances, and one or more surfactants; (b) a composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents, and optionally one or more fatty substances; (c) a composition (C) comprising one or more alkaline agents and optionally one or more oxidation dyes and / or one or more direct dyes, said one or more fatty substances being chosen from volatile linear alkanes, organic additional fatty acids and mixtures thereof, and it being understood that one or more volatile linear alkanes is or are contained in at least one of compositions (A), (B) or (C) and preferably in at least one of the compositions (A) and (B). 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that volatile linear alkanes are contained only in the compositions (A) and / or (B). 3. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volatile linear alkane is a linear alkane having 7 to 15 carbon atoms. 4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volatile linear alkane is selected from n-heptane (C7), n-octane (C8), n-nonane (C9), nécane (CIO), n-undecane (Cl 1), n-dodecane (C 12), ntridecane (C 13), n-tetradecane (C 14), n-pentadecane (C 15) and mixtures thereof, and preferably n-nonane, n-undecane, n-dodecane, n-tridecane, n-tetradecane, and mixtures thereof. 5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volatile linear alkane is of plant origin. 6. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the additional fatty substance (s) are (are) chosen from C6-16 alkanes different from volatile linear alkanes, non-silicone oils of animal, vegetable mineral or synthetic origin, C 6-30 fatty alcohols, C 6-30 fatty acid esters and / or C 6-30 fatty alcohol esters, non-silicone waxes, silicones, and mixtures thereof. 7. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fatty substance or fats are chosen from volatile linear alkanes, C 6 -C 30 liquid fatty alcohols, petrolatum oil; polydecenes; esters of C6-30 fatty acids or of liquid C6-30 fatty alcohols; and their mixtures. 8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composition (A) or (B) comprises one or more volatile linear alkanes, alone (s) or in combination with at least one additional fatty substance. 9. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the compositions (A) and (B) comprise one or more volatile linear alkanes, alone or in combination with at least one additional fatty substance. 10. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total content of fatty substance ranges from 50 to 90% by weight, preferably from 55 to 90% by weight, better still from 60 to 85% by weight per relative to the weight of the anhydrous composition (A). 11. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total content of fatty substance ranges from 5 to 70% by weight, preferably from 10 to 65% by weight, relative to the weight of the composition ( B) 12. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surfactant present in the anhydrous composition (A) is a nonionic surfactant, more particularly chosen from mono- or polyoxyalkylenated, mono- or polyglycerolated nonionic surfactants. 13. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alkaline agent is chosen from: - ammonia, - organic amines having a pKb at 25 ° C lower than 12, and their organic and inorganic salts - mineral bases, - ammonium salts, and - their mixtures. 14. The method of claim 13, characterized in that the alkaline agent is chosen from organic amines having a pKb at 25 ° C of less than 12, and preferably monoethanolamine. 15. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compositions (A), (B) and (C) are applied successively and without intermediate rinsing. 16. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the composition resulting from the mixing prior to the application of the compositions (A) and (C) and then the oxidizing composition is applied successively and without intermediate rinsing. (B). 17. Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a composition obtained by extemporaneous mixing before application of the compositions (A), (B) and (C) is applied. 18. Ready-to-use composition comprising: one or more surfactants, one or more oxidizing agents, one or more alkaline agents, and optionally one or more oxidation dyes and / or one or more direct dyes, a or more fatty substances chosen from volatile linear alkanes and optionally one or more additional fatty substances, the total amount of fatty substances being greater than 20% by weight, preferably greater than 25% by weight and even more advantageously greater than 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 19. Multi-compartment device comprising: - a first compartment containing the anhydrous composition (A) according to one of claims 1 to 10, and 12, - a second compartment containing a composition (B) comprising one or more oxidizing agents and optionally one or more fatty substances, as defined in one of claims 1 to 9 and 11, and - a third compartment containing a composition (C) according to one of claims 1 and 13 and 14 comprising one or more alkaline agents, said one or more fatty substances being chosen from volatile linear alkanes, additional fatty substances and mixtures thereof, and it being understood that one or more volatile linear alkanes is or are contained in at least one of the compositions (A). ), (B) or (C), preferably in the composition (A) or (B); the composition (C) optionally comprising one or more oxidation dyes and / or one or more direct dyes.