FR2931381A1 - Cutting device for cutting pieces of wood, has tool holder, where internal thread of tool holder and bore of cutterhead form angle relative to each other to prevent insertion of locking screw of cutterhead in biased position - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a cutting assembly with surfaces (25A, 25B) supported on a base (6) of a notch (4) of a tool holder (1). The surface (25A) is formed by a deflector (23) and the surface (25B) is formed by a cutterhead (7) or a cutting blade (15) such that the cutterhead occupies a biased position in the absence of the deflector to support against the base at an inserted state of the assembly. An internal thread (22) of the holder and a bore (8) of the cutterhead form an angle relative to each other to prevent insertion of a locking screw (24) of the cutterhead in the position.

Description

The present invention relates to a cutting device for a cutting machine, with manual or mechanized feed, of parts to be cut, as well as a cutting assembly for such a cutting device.

It more particularly relates to a cutting device of the type comprising: - on the one hand a rotary tool holder formed of a central annular or cylindrical rotary body hollowed out, said body having at least two external radial notches, io - secondly at least two cutting sets each comprising a blade holder, a cutting blade and a deflector, each cutting assembly being adapted to be inserted removably between the lateral flanks of a notch of the tool holder up to a bearing position against the bottom of the notch in which the cutting blade and deflector extend substantially parallel to one another, and opposite a lateral flank of the notch.

Such cutting devices are well known to those skilled in the art as illustrated in particular in FR-2,888,524. In this cutting device, the blade holder is a centrally recessed cylindrical body. This blade holder, one of whose end faces is equipped with a cutting blade and whose other end face is equipped with a deflector, is held in the notch of the tool holder by a axis passing through its central recess.

It should be remembered that the deflector, also called counter-blade, is in the same way as the cutting blade, in the general shape of a plate whose peripheral edge is equipped with a profile identical or homothetic to that of the profile of the cutting blade. The deflector profile is positioned in the mounted state of the blade holder on the tool holder slightly recessed from the cutting profile of the cutting blade. This deflector is intended to limit the thickness of the chips and therefore the speed of any rejection of the piece of machined wood. The presence of such a deflector is mandatory in the case of an application of manual advance cutting machine cutting devices. In the case of patent FR-2,888,524, the blade holder is held in the notch of the tool holder by an axis passing through its central recess. Such a solution is suitable in the case of non-sharpening blade and small blade holder. The absence of deflector is indicated by the clearance created between the clamping member and a blind axial chamber of the blade holder, this chamber having an opening on the receiving face of the baffle and being intended to receive at least the protruding portion of the baffle. the clamping member in the absence of deflector. The problem is that the design of a tangential or axial clamping of the blade holder on the tool holder, as retained in the aforementioned French patent, is not suitable in the case of a large blade holder and is difficult to implement. Now, the tendency is to increase the size of the blades and consequently of the blade holders so that, on the one hand, a hole from one end of the blade holder from one end face to another becomes more laborious and that on the other hand, any compensation for dimensional variations, in particular thickness resulting from a sharpening of the blade is difficult. The result, after sharpening, a vibration of the blade. For the reasons mentioned above, more and more radial clamping of the blade holder on the tool holder of the cutting device is retained. The difficulty is then to ensure the presence of the baffle, in particular in the case of manual feed machine parts to cut. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting device of the aforementioned type whose design requires the presence of the deflector to allow the implementation of radial clamping.

To this end, the subject of the invention is a cutting device for a cutting machine, with manual or mechanized advance, of parts to be cut, the device comprising: on the one hand a rotary tool holder formed of a body annular rotary or cylindrical centrally recessed, said body having at least two external radial notches, - on the other hand, at least two cutting sets each comprising a blade holder, a cutting blade and a deflector, each cutting assembly being suitable to be inserted removably between the lateral flanks of a notch of the tool holder to a bearing position against the bottom of the notch in which the cutting blade and the deflector extend substantially parallel to one another; relative to the other, and vis-à-vis a lateral flank of the notch, characterized in that each cutting assembly comprises at least two surfaces adapted to bear against the bottom of the notch, in the inserted state of the cutting assembly in the said notch, said surfaces which, in the bearing configuration, are able to stabilize the blade holder in an assembly position in which a through bore, said radial, formed in the blade holder coincides with a radial tapping of the tool holder and delimits a housing for receiving a clamping screw from the blade holder to the tool holder, being formed at least for one, by the deflector, at least for another, by the blade holder or the cutting blade so that in the absence of deflector, the blade holder occupies, in the inserted state in the notch, a so-called bias position, bearing against the bottom of the notch, in which the tapping of the tool holder and the bore of the blade holder form an angle between them, preventing any insertion of the clamping screw.

Because of the design of the cutting assembly, any omission of the baffle makes it impossible to secure and mount the cutting assembly to the tool holder.

The at least two surfaces of each cutting assembly adapted to bear against the bottom of the notch each form at least one foot of said cutting assembly. The invention also relates to a cutting assembly for a cutting device of the aforementioned type, said assembly comprising at least one blade holder, a cutting blade and a deflector, adapted to be inserted removably between the lateral flanks. a notch of the tool holder to a bearing position against the bottom of the notch in which cutting blade and deflector extend substantially parallel to each other, and vis-à-vis -vis a lateral flank of the notch, characterized in that said cutting assembly comprises at least two feet adapted to bear against the bottom of the notch in the inserted state of the cutting assembly in said notch, said legs being formed at least for one, by the deflector, at least for another, by the blade holder or the cutting blade.

The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a cutting device according to the invention in exploded position of the constituent elements; Figure 2 shows a view. in perspective of a cutting device according to the invention in the mounted state of the cutting assemblies in a notch of the tool holder;

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a cutting device according to the invention in the mounted position of the cutting assemblies in a notch of the tool holder, the deflector having been forgotten;

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutting device in the mounted state of the cutting assemblies and

Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a cutting device according to the invention.

As mentioned above, the cutting device, which is the subject of the invention, is more particularly intended for manual feed cutting machines, although it can also be applied to mechanically advanced cutting machines. This device comprises at least one rotary tool holder 1 and at least two cutting assemblies each comprising a blade holder 7, a cutting blade 15 and a deflector 23. The rotary tool holder 1 is intended to be mounted, for example on a spindle shaft to which it can be coupled firmly in rotation. The assembly is thus rotated to allow the machining of parts moved manually or automatically in the vicinity of said body 2 of the tool holder 1 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the router shaft carrying said body 2.

In the examples shown, the body 2 of the tool holder 1 is a cylindrical body that is hollowed out centrally, the central recess having been shown at 3. This body 2 is provided with two diametrically opposite external radial notches, extending parallel to each other. the axis of the recess 3 central from one end face to the other end face of said cylindrical body 2. A similar solution could have been to use an annular tool holder body, in particular O-ring, such body being more particularly suitable for smaller blades.

The device also comprises at least two cutting assemblies each capable of being inserted removably between the lateral flanks of a notch 20 4 of the tool holder to a bearing position against the bottom 6 of the notch 4 in which, in the inserted position, the cutting blade 15 and the associated deflector 23 extend substantially parallel to each other, and opposite a lateral flank of the notch 4. Generally, the cutting assemblies, and in particular the blade carriers, are identical from one blade holder to another.

Two embodiments will now be described. The first example corresponds to FIGS. 1 to 4 and the second example to FIG. 5. These two examples are essentially distinguished by the configuration of the support surfaces 30 of the cutting assemblies as described below.

In a manner that is characteristic of the invention, each cutting assembly 7, 15, 23 has at least two bearing surfaces 25A, 25B capable of bearing against the bottom 6 of the notch 4, in the inserted state of the invention. cutting assembly in said notch 4. In the example shown in Figures 1 to 4, the bearing surfaces 25A, 25B form two feet equipping each cutting assembly and the bottom 6 of the notch is substantially planar. These feet which, in support configuration, are able to stabilize the blade holder 7 in an assembly position in which a bore 8, which is said to be radial, formed in the blade holder 7 comes into coincidence with a radial tapping 22. of the tool holder 1 and delimits a housing for receiving a screw 24 for clamping the blade holder 7 to the tool holder 1, are formed at least for one, corresponding to the surface 25A in the figures, Io by the deflector 23, at least for another, corresponding to the surface 25B in the figures, by the blade holder 7. In the absence of deflector 23, the blade holder 7 occupies, in the state inserted in the notch 4, a position, said bias, bearing against the bottom 6 of the notch 4, wherein the tapping 22 of the tool holder 1 and the bore 8 of the blade holder 7 form an angle between them preventing any insertion of the screw 24 tightening. This position is more particularly shown in FIG. 3. Conversely, when the deflector is present, the tapping 22 of the tool holder and the bore 8 of the blade holder 7 are perfectly aligned and a clamping screw 24 can be inserted firstly into the bore 8 passing through the blade holder and then, secondly, screwed into the tapping 22 of the tool holder to allow the blade holder to be held on the tool holder by screwing, the screw exerting a radial force on said blade holder towards the tool holder.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, the bearing surfaces are formed for one represented at 25A by the deflector 23 which is here formed of an assembly of two parts, for the other represented at 25B by a 7. In this embodiment, the bottom 6 of the notch is non-planar, in particular stepped. In a manner analogous to that described above, the surfaces 25A, 25B are in a bearing configuration capable of stabilizing the blade holder 7 in an assembly position in which a bore 8 passing through, said radial, arranged in the blade holder 7 comes into coincidence with a radial tapping 22 of the tool holder 1 and defines a housing for receiving a screw 24 for clamping the blade holder 7 to the tool holder 1. In the absence of deflector 23 , the blade holder 7 occupies, in the state inserted in the notch 4, a so-called bias position, bearing against the bottom 6 of the notch 4, in which the tapping 22 of the tool holder 1 and the 8 bore of the blade holder 7 form an angle between them preventing any insertion of the screw 24 clamping.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the blade holder 7 has the form of a polygonal block, preferably a parallelepiped block having a face 9, referred to as above, a face 10, referred to as the underside facing towards the bottom 6 of the notch 4 in the inserted state of the block in the notch 4 of the tool holder 1 and four side faces. The top faces 9 and bottom 10 of the block are interconnected by said at least one radial through-bore 8 while two opposite side faces of the block, parallel to the axis of the bore 8, form the receiving faces. one 11 of the blade 15, the other 12 of the deflector 23 of the wafer type. The face 11 for receiving the blade of the block extends in the direction of the outside of the block beyond the face 10 of the bottom of said block, to form a foot corresponding to the bearing surface 25B of the assembly of section, another foot corresponding to the bearing surface 25A being formed by a portion of the deflector 23 projecting from the underside 10 of said block, in the applied state of the deflector 23 on said block, in particular on the face 12 receiving said block. The lateral faces of the block, other than the receiving surfaces of the deflector or the blade, extend substantially parallel to the end faces of the cylinder constituting the cylindrical body 2 of the tool holder 1.

Of course, the design of the feet may be diverse and varied and other embodiments may be retained without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the cutting blade could have been used as a second foot in place of the blade holder 7. In the example retained, the constituent block of the blade holder 7 with its extension has a cross-sectional shape in the form of a blade. L. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the blade holder 7 has the shape of a hexagonal block having a face 9, referred to as above, a face 10, referred to from below as towards the bottom 6 of the notch 4 in the inserted state of the block in the notch 4 of the tool holder 1 and four lateral faces. The top faces 9 and bottom 10 of the block are interconnected by said at least one radial through-bore 8 while two opposite side faces of the block, parallel to the axis of the bore 8, form the receiving faces. one 11 of the blade 15, the other 12 of the deflector 23 of the wafer type. In this embodiment, the deflector 23 is formed of two pieces of contiguous wafer type, one forming at its free edge 25A support surface.

As mentioned above and in a manner known in the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the cutting larva 15 and the deflector 23 are each in the form of a wafer. To allow attachment of the deflector 23 to the blade holder 7, the receiving face 12 of the deflector 23 of the blade holder 7 comprises at least one hole 13 blind or crossing orthogonal to the bore 8 through, said radial said blade holder block 7, said at least one piercing 13 being adapted to receive a member 27 for fixing the deflector 23 to said face 12.

In the example shown in Figures 1 to 4, the deflector 23 is equipped with two holes 26 through. The lateral face 12 opposite the blade holder 20 comprises, in correspondence of said bores 26, threads 14 for receiving a screw 27 introduced at first into the through bore 26 of the deflector 23 before being screwed into The cutting blade 14 is also equipped with two bores 26 orthogonal to the axis of the bore 8 passing through said radial block 25 blade holder 7. These two bores 26 cooperate with holding 13 carried by the face 11 of receiving the blade 15 of the blade holder 7. In the example shown in Figures 1 to 4, the cutting blade 15 is provided on its longitudinal edge opposite its cutting edge 15A, the near a transverse edge, a seam 16 forming an axial abutment by pressing on said tool holder 1 30 during the displacement of the cutting assembly in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the tool holder 1 in order to of the introduction of the whole cutting inside a notch 4 of the tool holder 1.

In the example shown in FIG. 5, the attachment of the deflector to the lateral face 12 opposite the blade holder is carried out in a manner similar to that described for FIGS. 1 to 4.

Regardless of the chosen embodiment, to further facilitate the mounting of each cutting assembly in its slot, the device further comprises elastic means 17 for holding each set 7, 15, 23 of cutting in a notch 4 of the tool holder 1, said elastic holding means 17 being arranged at least between a lateral flank 5 of the notch 4 of the tool holder 1 and the cutting assembly 7, 15, 23 and reminding said cutting assembly in a position spaced from said flank 5 side of the notch 4 of the tool holder 1.

In the examples shown, the elastic holding means 17 are mounted, on the tool holder 1, retractable in a housing 21 formed in the lateral flank 5 of a notch 4 of said tool holder 1, said elastic holding means 17 making, in the non-retracted state, projecting inside the space delimited by said notch 4.

The resilient holding means 17 comprise at least one push-button formed of a spring-loaded ball 19, said ball 19 being rotatably mounted to form a rolling contact contact.

In this case and as illustrated in the figures, the tool holder 1 is equipped, for each notch, with two push buttons axially offset along an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the tool holder. Each push-button is formed of a ball 19 and a spring 18 housed at least partially inside a cage 20, itself forcibly pressed into the housing 21 formed in the lateral flank of a notch. In the positioned state, the ball 19 of the pushbutton projects partially from the sidewall 5 of the notch towards the interior of said notch. When inserting a cutter assembly into the notch, the ball moves inside its cage by compressing the associated spring. Once the introduction is complete, the ball bears on the assembly 2931381 cut and reminds the latter in position spaced from the side flank 5 of the tool holder provided with said elastic means. Generally, the resilient means bear on the face of the blade holder equipped with the deflector.

The insertion of a cutting assembly into a notch 4 of the tool holder takes place as follows. Firstly, the blade holder is provided with its cutting blade and its deflector 23. This cutting assembly is introduced into the notch 4 of the tool holder from an end face of the cylinder constituting the carrier. tool then slidably moved on the bottom of the notch until abutting the cutting blade, in particular the projection 16 of the cutting blade 15 against an end face of said cylinder constituting the tool holder. During this sliding movement of the cutting assembly in the notch of the tool holder, the push buttons partially retract into the housing formed in the side of the notch of the tool holder while remaining in support on the parts facing the cutting assembly. The assembly is easy. In the abutting position of the projection 16 of the cutting blade 15, the bore 8 of the blade holder 7 and the tapping 22 of the tool holder 1 are aligned to allow the screwing of a screw 24 fixing the cutting assembly to the holder. tool.

If the deflector is forgotten, despite the presence of the push buttons, the blade holder 7 is unable to maintain a position in which its through bore 8 is aligned with the tapping 22 of the tool holder so that, as soon as that the operator tries to introduce the screw 24 clamping inside the bore 8 of the blade holder 7, the blade holder 7 tends to be placed obliquely, preventing any further introduction of the screw of tightening 24 until reaching the tapping 22 of the tool holder. The operator then perceives his forgetfulness and can repair this oversight by removing the cutting assembly from the notch and positioning the deflector on the blade holder block 7.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Cutting device for a cutting machine, with manual or mechanized feed, of parts to be cut, the device comprising: - on the one hand a rotary tool holder (1) formed of a central annular or cylindrical rotary body (2) hollowed out centrally , said body (2) having at least two external radial notches (4), - on the other hand, at least two cutting assemblies (7, 15, 23) each comprising a blade holder (7), a blade (15), ) and a deflector (23), each cutting assembly (7, 15, 23) being adapted to be inserted removably between the lateral flanks (5) of a notch (4) of the tool holder ( 1) to a bearing position against the bottom (6) of the notch (4) in which the cutting blade (15) and deflector (23) extend substantially parallel to one another and opposite a lateral flank (5) of the notch (4), characterized in that each cutter (7, 15, 23) comprises at least two surfaces (25A, 25B) apl: es coming in support on the bottom (6) of the notch (4), in the inserted state of the cutting assembly (7, 15, 23) in said notch (4), said surfaces (25A, 25B) which, in configuration of support, are able to stabilize the blade holder (7) in an assembly position in which a bore (8) crossing, said radial, formed in the blade holder (7) coincides with a tapping ( 22) of the tool holder (1) and defines a housing for receiving a screw (24) for clamping the blade holder (7) to the tool holder (1), being formed at least for one (25A ), by the deflector (23), at least for another (25B), by the blade holder (7) or the cutting blade (15) so that in the absence of deflector (23), the blade carrier (7) occupies, in the state inserted in the notch (4), a so-called bias position, bearing against the bottom (6) of the notch (4), in which the thread (22) ) of the tool holder (1) and the bore (8) of the blade holder (7) form an angle between them, preventing insertion of the screw (24) Clamping. 30 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least two surfaces (25A, 25B) of each cutting assembly adapted to bear against the bottom (6) of the notch formchacune at least one foot said ensernble. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the blade holder (7) has the shape of a polygonal block, preferably parallelepiped, having a face (9), said from above, a face (10), said from the bottom-facing bottom (6) of the notch (4) in the inserted state of the block into the notch (4) of the tool holder (1) and four lateral faces, the top faces (9) and the bottom (10) of the block being interconnected by said at least one bore (8) crossing said radial while two opposite side faces of the block parallel to the axis of the bore form the receiving faces, one ( 11) of the blade (15), the other (12) of the plate-type deflector (23), the face (11) for receiving the blade of the block extending towards the outside of the block beyond the face (10) of the underside of said block, to form a foot of the cutting assembly, another foot being formed by a portion of the deflector (23) projecting from the face (10) of the underside of said block, in the applied state of the deflector (23) on said block. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the constituent block of the blade holder (7) with its prolongation affects in cross section the shape of an L. 5. Device according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the face (12) for receiving the deflector (23) of the blade holder (7) comprises at least one hole (13) blind or crossing orthogonal to The bore (8) passing through, said radial said blade holder block (7), said at least one bore (13) being adapted to receive a member (27) for fixing the deflector (23) to said face (12) . 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the cutting blade (15) is provided on its longitudinal edge opposite its cutting edge (15A), in the vicinity of a transverse edge, d a projection (16) forming an axial abutment by pressing on said tool holder (1) during the displacement of the cutting assembly (7) in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the tool holder (1) in order to introducing the cutting assembly into a notch (4) of the tool holder (1). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the device further comprises elastic means (17) for holding each set (7, 15, 23) of cut in a notch (4) of the door tool (1), said elastic holding means (17) being arranged at least between a lateral flank (5) of the notch (4) of the tool holder (1) and the assembly (7, 15, 23) cutting and reminding said cutting assembly in a position spaced from said side flank (5) of the notch (4) of the tool holder (1). 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the elastic holding means (17) are mounted on the tool holder (1), retractable in a housing (21) formed in the side flank (5) of a notch (4) of said tool holder (1), said elastic holding means (17) making, in the non-retracted state, projecting inside the space delimited by said notch (4). 9. Device according to one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the means (17 ') for holding elastic comprise at least one push-button formed of a ball (19) loaded by spring (18), said ball (19) being rotatably mounted to form a rolling contact contact. 10. The cutting device assembly (7, 15, 23) according to one of claims 1 to 9, said assembly comprising at least one blade holder (7), a cutting blade (15) and a deflector (23), adapted to be inserted removably between the side flanks (5) of a notch (4) of the tool holder (1) to a bearing position against the bottom (6) of the notch (4) in which the cutting blade (15) and deflector (23) extend substantially parallel to one another, and opposite a lateral flank (5) of the notch (4), characterized in that said assembly (7, 15, 23) of cutting comprises at least two feet adapted to bear against the bottom (6) of the notch (4) in the inserted state of the cutting assembly (7, 15, 23) in said notch (4), said legs being formed at least for one, by the deflector (23), at least for another, by the blade holder (7). ) or the cutting blade (15).