FR2921431A3 - Cylinder head gasket for internal combustion engine, has ribbed upper and lower sheets welded on sides of plate around cylinder for providing sealing to combustion gas in cylinder, where plate forms armature of gasket - Google Patents
Cylinder head gasket for internal combustion engine, has ribbed upper and lower sheets welded on sides of plate around cylinder for providing sealing to combustion gas in cylinder, where plate forms armature of gasket Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2921431A3 FR2921431A3 FR0757726A FR0757726A FR2921431A3 FR 2921431 A3 FR2921431 A3 FR 2921431A3 FR 0757726 A FR0757726 A FR 0757726A FR 0757726 A FR0757726 A FR 0757726A FR 2921431 A3 FR2921431 A3 FR 2921431A3
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- plate
- head gasket
- ribbed
- gasket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F11/00—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines
- F02F11/002—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines involving cylinder heads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
- F16J15/0818—Flat gaskets
- F16J15/0825—Flat gaskets laminated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
- F16J15/0818—Flat gaskets
- F16J2015/085—Flat gaskets without fold over
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
- F16J15/0818—Flat gaskets
- F16J2015/0875—Flat gaskets comprising welds
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
JOINT DE CULASSE La présente invention concerne un joint de culasse pour moteur à combustion interne. La présente invention concerne plu particulièrement un joint de culasse, destiné à être placé entre le bloc cylindres et la culasse d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant une plaque constituant l'armature munie d'orifices pour le passage des fluides et de joints d'étanchéité autour de ces orifices, une tôle supérieure nervurée positionnée entre la culasse et la plaque, une tôle inférieure nervurée positionnée entre le bloc cylindre et la plaque. The present invention relates to a cylinder head gasket for an internal combustion engine. The present invention more particularly relates to a cylinder head gasket, intended to be placed between the cylinder block and the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, comprising a plate constituting the armature provided with orifices for the passage of fluids and gasketed joints. sealing around these orifices, a ribbed upper plate positioned between the cylinder head and the plate, a ribbed bottom plate positioned between the cylinder block and the plate.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE: STATE OF THE ART
La plupart des moteurs refroidis par eau sont montés avec 20 un joint pour assurer l'étanchéité entre le bloc cylindres ou carter moteur et la culasse. Le joint de culasse reproduit toutes les ouvertures correspondant à l'alésage des cylindres, aux trous des passages d'eau et d'huile ainsi que des différents goujons de fixation de la 25 culasse sur le bloc cylindres. Le joint comporte des étanchéités autour des orifices qui laissent passer des fluides tels que l'eau de refroidissement, l'huile de lubrification et les gaz de combustion. L'étanchéité aux gaz de combustion est la plus difficile à obtenir du fait des températures et des pressions très 30 élevées des gaz de combustion. Cette étanchéité est remplie par des anneaux ou serpents de feu obtenus par découpe, emboutissage et sertissage d'une tôle métallique sur le bord des ouvertures pratiquées dans le corps du joint qui est pour sa part réalisé en un matériau métallo-plastiques tel qu'un carton d'amiante armé ou non, ou bien encore en une plaque d'acier pour les joints de type Curtyrem. Les anneaux de feu sont classiquement réalisés, cf. figure 1, par des anneaux de métal profilés en U. Or il est apparu qu'une telle forme est particulièrement défavorable à la réalisation de l'étanchéité. Du fait du profil en U, il se forme en effet, deux cavités annulaires en retrait de l'alésage cylindrique au droit des surfaces convexes de l'anneau, entre le joint et la culasse et entre le joint et le carter cylindres et ces cavités en forme de coin ont pour effet d'écarter la culasse et le bloc cylindres lorsque la pression monte dans la chambre de combustion ce qui favorise la fuite des gaz de combustion. Most water-cooled engines are mounted with a gasket to seal between the cylinder block or crankcase and the cylinder head. The cylinder head gasket reproduces all apertures corresponding to the cylinder bore, the water and oil passage holes as well as the different bolts for fixing the cylinder head to the cylinder block. The seal has seals around the ports that pass fluids such as cooling water, lubricating oil and flue gases. Flue gas tightness is the most difficult to achieve because of the very high temperatures and pressures of the flue gases. This seal is filled by rings or snakes of fire obtained by cutting, stamping and crimping a metal sheet on the edge of the openings made in the body of the seal which is for its part made of a metallo-plastic material such as a asbestos cardboard reinforced or not, or even a steel plate for Curtyrem type joints. The rings of fire are classically made, cf. Figure 1, by U-shaped metal rings.It has been found that such a shape is particularly unfavorable to achieving sealing. Due to the U-shaped profile, two annular cavities are formed in withdrawal from the cylindrical bore in line with the convex surfaces of the ring, between the seal and the cylinder head and between the seal and the cylinder block and these cavities. wedge-shaped have the effect of removing the cylinder head and the cylinder block when the pressure rises in the combustion chamber which promotes the escape of the combustion gases.
EXPOSE DE L'INVENTION : SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention vise à résoudre ce problème en proposant un joint de culasse comportant des aménagements réalisant une étanchéité aux gaz de combustion de conception particulièrement novatrice. L'objet de la présente invention est la réalisation d'un joint de culasse qui assure parfaitement l'étanchéité aux gaz de combustion en utilisant la pression de combustion sur ces aménagements, ce joint étant de plus simple et économique à réaliser. Selon l'invention, le joint de culasse est caractérisé en ce l'étanchéité aux gaz de combustion est réalisée au niveau de chaque cylindre par soudage des tôles nervurée de part et d'autre de la plaque autour de chaque cylindre. Ainsi lors de la combustion-explosion, les forces qui s'exercent sur la surface libre du joint ont des résultantes radiales qui tendent à s'appliquer sur les plaques nervurées et donc à empêcher toute fuite de gaz. Ce phénomène a pour effet de resserrer la culasse sur le bloc cylindres et ainsi d'accentuer l'étanchéité du joint. The present invention aims to solve this problem by proposing a cylinder head gasket having arrangements for sealing a particularly innovative design of combustion gases. The object of the present invention is the realization of a cylinder head gasket which perfectly ensures the sealing of the combustion gases by using the combustion pressure on these arrangements, this joint being simpler and economical to achieve. According to the invention, the cylinder head gasket is characterized in that the sealing of the combustion gases is performed at each cylinder by welding the ribbed plates on either side of the plate around each cylinder. Thus during the combustion-explosion, the forces exerted on the free surface of the seal have radial results that tend to apply to the ribbed plates and thus to prevent any leakage of gas. This phenomenon has the effect of tightening the cylinder head on the cylinder block and thus to increase the seal tightness.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention : - le soudage des tôles nervurées sur la plaque est réalisé sur une ligne de soudure sensiblement circulaire ; - la ligne de soudure est continue et de diamètre S sensiblement supérieur au diamètre C de chaque cylindre ; - des portions respectivement de chaque plaque nervurée située entre la ligne de soudure et le cylindre comporte des extrémités libre orientée vers l'extérieur de la plaque ; - la plaque présente un aménagement sur chacune des arrêtes des orifices orientés vers chaque cylindre de sorte que la pression de la chambre de combustion puisse venir s'appliquer au dos des portions ; -l'aménagement est un chambrage, un chanfrein ou un arrondi de rayon de courbure prédéterminé ; - les deux tôles nervurées sont soudées directement entre elles et destinées à être montées entre le bloc cylindres et la culasse. According to other characteristics of the invention: the welding of the ribbed plates on the plate is carried out on a substantially circular weld line; the weld line is continuous and of diameter S substantially greater than the diameter C of each cylinder; portions respectively of each ribbed plate located between the weld line and the cylinder have free ends oriented towards the outside of the plate; - The plate has an arrangement on each of the edges of the orifices facing each cylinder so that the pressure of the combustion chamber can be applied to the back of the portions; the arrangement is a recess, a chamfer or a rounding of predetermined radius of curvature; - The two ribbed sheets are welded directly between them and intended to be mounted between the cylinder block and the cylinder head.
DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES : D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention résulteront de la description qui suit et qui se réfère au dessin en annexe pour illustrer de manière non limitative plusieurs formes d'exécution du joint de culasse conformément à l'invention, dans lequel : - la figure 1 est une vue partielle, en coupe, d'un moteur équipé d'un joint de culasse de conception classique ; - les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues partielles en coupe d'un moteur équipé d'un joint de culasse selon une réalisation de l'invention, respectivement avant et après serrage de la culasse sur le bloc cylindres. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES: Other features and advantages of the present invention will result from the description which follows and which refers to the drawing in the appendix to illustrate in a nonlimiting manner several embodiments of the cylinder head gasket according to the invention, in which: - Figure 1 is a partial view, in section, of an engine equipped with a cylinder head gasket of conventional design; - Figures 2 and 3 are partial sectional views of an engine equipped with a cylinder head gasket according to an embodiment of the invention, respectively before and after clamping the cylinder head on the cylinder block.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE MODES DE REALISATION PREFERES DE L'INVENTION : DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION:
Le moteur à combustion représenté figures 1 à 3 a été restreint aux seuls éléments permettant la compréhension de 10 l'invention. Conformément aux figures, le moteur est composé d'un bloc cylindres 2, comportant au moins un logement ou alésage cylindrique 7 où coulisse un piston 1, et d'une culasse 3 chapeautant ce bloc cylindres et dans laquelle est formée une 15 cavité 10 en regard du logement cylindrique 7. Cette cavité 10 reçoit classiquement des moyens d'alimentation en air comburant et en combustible qui n'ont pas été figurés. Entre le bloc cylindres 2 et la culasse 3 est interposé un joint de culasse. 20 Ce joint comporte selon l'art antérieur, figure 1, une plaque 11 formant le corps de joint réalisé par exemple par un carton d'amiante. Cette plaque 11 comporte un orifice au niveau du cylindre 7 pour le passage des gaz. Cet orifice est entouré par un anneau ou segment de feu 12. Classiquement le segment de feu 25 est réalisé par une tôle métallique formant un segment profilé en U, sertie sur le corps du joint. Cette forme en U du segment de feu 12 disposée entre les deux faces planes de la culasse 3 et du bloc cylindres 2 génère deux cavités annulaires 13 en forme de coin. 30 Le joint de culasse selon l'invention présente, figure 2, une plaque 4 constituant l'armature du joint de culasse. Cette plaque 4 comporte une surépaisseur 41 faisant le tour du cylindre 7. The combustion engine shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has been restricted to only those elements allowing the understanding of the invention. According to the figures, the engine is composed of a cylinder block 2, comprising at least one cylindrical housing or bore 7 in which a piston 1 slides, and a cylinder head 3 covering this cylinder block and in which a cavity 10 is formed. This cavity 10 conventionally receives means for supplying combustion air and fuel that have not been shown. Between the cylinder block 2 and the cylinder head 3 is interposed a cylinder head gasket. This seal comprises, according to the prior art, FIG. 1, a plate 11 forming the seal body made for example by an asbestos board. This plate 11 has an orifice at the cylinder 7 for the passage of gases. This orifice is surrounded by a ring or segment of fire 12. Conventionally the fire segment 25 is made by a metal sheet forming a U-shaped segment, crimped on the body of the joint. This U-shape of the fire segment 12 disposed between the two flat faces of the yoke 3 and the cylinder block 2 generates two annular cavities 13 wedge-shaped. The cylinder head gasket according to the invention has, in FIG. 2, a plate 4 constituting the armature of the cylinder head gasket. This plate 4 has an extra thickness 41 around the cylinder 7.
Cette surépaisseur 41 est donc d'épaisseur supérieure à celle du corps 42 du joint de culasse de façon à laisser suffisamment d'espace entre le corps 42 de la plaque 4 et la pièce à étancher, par exemple la culasse 3 et le bloc cylindre 2. This extra thickness 41 is therefore of greater thickness than that of the body 42 of the cylinder head gasket so as to leave enough space between the body 42 of the plate 4 and the part to be sealed, for example the cylinder head 3 and the cylinder block 2 .
L'espace résiduel permet de réaliser des nervures 52 et 62 respectivement sur des tôles supérieures 5 et inférieure 6. Les nervures 52 et 62 sont donc destinées à favorisée le passage de fluide dans l'épaisseur du joint de culasse lorsque la culasse 3 est vissée sur le bloc cylindre 2. The residual space makes it possible to make ribs 52 and 62 respectively on upper plates 5 and lower 6. The ribs 52 and 62 are therefore intended to favor the passage of fluid in the thickness of the head gasket when the yoke 3 is screwed on the cylinder block 2.
Comme le présente la figure 2, les tôles nervurées 5 et 6 sont respectivement destinées à être en contact avec la plaque 4 et la culasse 3 d'une part et la plaque 4 et le bloc cylindre 2 d'autre part. Les plaques nervurées 5 et 6 sont soudées sur la plaque 4 au niveau de chaque orifice réalisé au niveau de chaque cylindre 7. La soudure est réalisée sur un cercle 8 entourant chaque cylindre 7 de diamètre S supérieure à celui de chaque cylindre 7. De cette façon, les plaques nervurées 5 et 6 comportent des portions libres 51 et 51 situées entre la soudure et l'orifice. As shown in Figure 2, the ribbed sheets 5 and 6 are respectively intended to be in contact with the plate 4 and the yoke 3 on the one hand and the plate 4 and the cylinder block 2 on the other. The ribbed plates 5 and 6 are welded to the plate 4 at each orifice made at each cylinder 7. The welding is performed on a circle 8 surrounding each cylinder 7 of diameter S greater than that of each cylinder 7. Of this way, the ribbed plates 5 and 6 have free portions 51 and 51 located between the weld and the orifice.
La figure 2 représente ces portions libres 51 et 61 avant serrage de la culasse 3 sur le bloc cylindre 2. Ces portions sont orientées vers l'extérieur de la plaque 4 de telle sorte que lorsque la culasse 3 est serré sur le bloc cylindre 2 (cf. figure 3), la pression existant au sein de chaque chambre de combustion 7 s'applique au dos de ces portions libres 51 et 61. Conformément à l'invention, la plaque 4 représentée aux figures 2 et 3 comporte un aménagement 9 sur chacune des arrêtes des orifices orientés vers chaque cylindre 7 de sorte que la pression de la chambre de combustion puisse venir s'appliquer au dos des portions 51 et 61. Cet aménagement 9 est réalisé sous la forme d'un chambrage, d'un chanfrein ou d'un arrondi de rayon de courbure prédéterminé. FIG. 2 represents these free portions 51 and 61 before clamping the cylinder head 3 on the cylinder block 2. These portions are oriented towards the outside of the plate 4 so that when the cylinder head 3 is tightened on the cylinder block 2 (FIG. 3), the pressure existing within each combustion chamber 7 is applied to the back of these free portions 51 and 61. In accordance with the invention, the plate 4 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 comprises an arrangement 9 on each of the edges of the orifices oriented towards each cylinder 7 so that the pressure of the combustion chamber can be applied to the back of the portions 51 and 61. This arrangement 9 is made in the form of a chamber, a chamfer or a round of predetermined radius of curvature.
Cet aménagement 9 permet à la pression de venir s'appliquer sur les portions libres 51 et 61 et de limiter les contraintes de bord entre la plaque 4 et les tôles nervurées 5 et 6. This arrangement 9 allows the pressure to be applied to the free portions 51 and 61 and to limit the edge stresses between the plate 4 and the ribbed sheets 5 and 6.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0757726A FR2921431A3 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2007-09-20 | Cylinder head gasket for internal combustion engine, has ribbed upper and lower sheets welded on sides of plate around cylinder for providing sealing to combustion gas in cylinder, where plate forms armature of gasket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0757726A FR2921431A3 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2007-09-20 | Cylinder head gasket for internal combustion engine, has ribbed upper and lower sheets welded on sides of plate around cylinder for providing sealing to combustion gas in cylinder, where plate forms armature of gasket |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2921431A3 true FR2921431A3 (en) | 2009-03-27 |
Family
ID=39494265
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR0757726A Withdrawn FR2921431A3 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2007-09-20 | Cylinder head gasket for internal combustion engine, has ribbed upper and lower sheets welded on sides of plate around cylinder for providing sealing to combustion gas in cylinder, where plate forms armature of gasket |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2921431A3 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020093142A1 (en) * | 1999-07-24 | 2002-07-18 | Klaus Schmitt | Cylinder head gasket having a welded-on overlay |
US20040212155A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-10-28 | Foster Jeffery A. | Cylinder head gasket with fold-over stopper |
DE102004007034A1 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-07-14 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Cylinder head seal for internal combustion engine, has external sheet metal plates joined to intermediate sheet layers by spot- or laser-welding |
-
2007
- 2007-09-20 FR FR0757726A patent/FR2921431A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020093142A1 (en) * | 1999-07-24 | 2002-07-18 | Klaus Schmitt | Cylinder head gasket having a welded-on overlay |
US20040212155A1 (en) * | 2003-04-28 | 2004-10-28 | Foster Jeffery A. | Cylinder head gasket with fold-over stopper |
DE102004007034A1 (en) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-07-14 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Cylinder head seal for internal combustion engine, has external sheet metal plates joined to intermediate sheet layers by spot- or laser-welding |
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Date | Code | Title | Description |
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ST | Notification of lapse |
Effective date: 20090529 |