FR2920151A1 - Treatment tank for purification of effluent in engineering and sanitary-medical fields, homes and commercial establishments, comprises compartments traversed by the effluents to be treated along a horizontal axis of organic filter elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The treatment tank (T) for purification of effluent, comprises compartments (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) traversed by the effluents to be treated along a horizontal axis of organic filter elements. The effluents pass over the three types of organic filter elements, which include a first type of organic filter element (7) constituted of natural vascular plant, hollow fiber stem, sub-species of Bambusoideae, grass species and stems (12, 13, 15) that are provided by internal and external diagonal slits in which colonies of photosensitive self-sustaining microorganisms grow, react and multiply. The treatment tank (T) for purification of effluent, comprises compartments (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) traversed by the effluents to be treated along a horizontal axis of organic filter elements. The effluents pass over the three types of organic filter elements, which include a first type of organic filter element (7) constituted of natural vascular plant, hollow fiber stem, sub-species of Bambusoideae, grass species and stems (12, 13, 15) that are provided by internal and external diagonal slits in which colonies of photosensitive self-sustaining microorganisms grow, react and multiply to form a retention chamber, a second type of organic filter element constituted of stems of same vascular plant cut into pieces and a third type of organic filter element constituted of stems of the same vascular plants, which are trimmed and transformed into carbon (14, 16). The microorganisms have the function to filter and digest the organic matter to be treated. The first compartment allows the effluent to be treated and contains the first organic filter element of which the stems are arranged horizontally and fill the tank at the base leaving 22% free space of the compartment for micro-organisms to proliferate. The second compartment receives the effluent obtained from first compartment, and is filled with first and second type of organic filter elements, which occupy 22% of internal space of the compartment. The third compartment receives effluent obtained from the second compartment, and is filled with the first type of organic filter element of which the stems fill the tank leaving 22% of free space at the bottom of the compartment. The fourth compartment receives effluent from the third compartment, and is filled with the first and third type of organic filter elements, which are placed at the bottom of the fourth compartment and occupy 22% of its internal space. The fifth compartment receives the effluent from the fourth compartment, and is filled with first and second type of organic filter elements, which are placed at the bottom of the fifth compartment and occupy 22% of its internal space. The sixth compartment receives the effluent from the fifth compartment, and is filled with first and third type of organic filter elements, which are placed at the bottom of the sixth compartment and occupy 50% of its internal space. An independent claim is included for a process for treating and purifying an effluent.

Description

The present invention relates to a reservoir and an organic method of

  treatment for the purification of effluents, especially in the field of engineering and health care.

  The present invention is thus particularly applicable to homes, commercial establishments and the treatment of sewers in inhabited areas.

  Scientific studies have shown that 97% of the available water on the planet is salty, out of the remaining 3%

  2% is found on the ice and polar ice caps, so that only 1% of the water in the waterways, and groundwater and aquifers remain available for consumption.

  We can also mention the growth

  disordered, wasted and lack of ecological awareness in the preservation of these precious water sources. According to a report published by the United Nations in 2003, it is expected that in the next twenty years the water reserve per person will fall by one

  third, and this as a consequence of uncontrolled pollution in recent centuries, 90% of this pollution from domestic sewage.

  This explains the growing concern of the scientific community in the development of

  technologies dedicated to the preservation, recycling and purification of the fresh water available on the planet.

  All over the world, water resources continue to be contaminated, drained, channeled, dammed, deflected, causing a shortage of water.

  misuse, which has serious environmental and social consequences.

  The currently known solutions for the treatment of effluents are extremely expensive because of the consumption of electricity and chemicals that they require.

  The present invention aims to propose an unprecedented solution, implementing formed tanks

  of materials and practical forms, preferably containing six compartments, so that the contaminated effluent can enter and move gravitational through treatment chambers, so as to ensure purification of the water at a rate of

  purity level 2, ultra pure water, and this in accordance with the technical standards in force. This water can be reused as level 2 water or released into the environment without any risk to the environment.

  Another object of the present invention is to propose an effluent treatment tank which is able to guarantee the displacement of the biological oxygen demand, known under the abbreviation BOD, as well as that of the chemical oxygen demand, COD, which takes place thanks to

  the natural aeration of the effluents during their journey through the compartments of the tank having, in addition, the characteristic of being completely odorless.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a reservoir and an organic process for treating and

  effluent purification using photoresponsive and self-supporting microorganisms with high capacity to eliminate faecal coliforms from effluents and low residue and sludge formation, without the need for permanent handling, or the use of products

  without the use of electrical energy. The present invention also makes it possible to allow other biochemical parameters such as pH, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, coliforms and sedimentary solids to be in accordance with the standards in force.

  Another object of the present invention is to propose a reservoir and an effluent treatment process.

  whose implementation is done at minimal cost

  The subject of the present invention is thus a treatment tank intended for the purification of effluent, characterized in that it consists of several compartments arranged in such a way that they are

  successively traversed by the effluent to be treated along a horizontal axis, so that it passes through three types of organic filtering elements, namely:

  a first type of organic filtering element consisting of natural vascular plants,

  empty fibrous stems, of the subspecies of Bambusoideae, of the species of grasses, stems being provided

  internal nicks and diagonal external cuts, through which the effluent to be treated between and in which the colonies of microorganisms

  self-sustaining life cycle sensitivities grow, react and multiply to form, within these plant stems, a chamber of retention and development of communities of these own microorganisms, which have the function of filtering and digesting the

  organic matter to be treated, - a second type of organic filtering element consisting of rods of the same vascular plant, cut into pieces, - a third type of organic filter element consisting of stems of the same vascular plant cut and transformed into charcoal. According to the invention the treatment tank will comprise six compartments, the first compartment will admit the effluent to be treated and contain the first type of organic filter element whose rods will be arranged horizontally and fill the tank so that the bottom thereof has 22% of the free space of the compartment, so that the culture of micro-organisms can benefit from the ideal environment to proliferate.

  The reservoir will include a second compartment that will receive the effluent from the first compartment, and will be filled with the first and second type of organic filter element, the latter filling 22% of the internal space of said compartment.

  The reservoir will preferably comprise a third compartment which will receive the effluent from the second compartment, which will be lined with the first type of organic filtering element, whose rods will fill the reservoir so that the bottom thereof has 22% of the free space of said compartment.

  The reservoir will preferably comprise a fourth compartment which will receive the effluent from the third compartment, and which will be filled with the first and third type of organic filter element, the latter being arranged at the bottom of the fourth compartment and filling 22% of the internal space of it.

  The reservoir will preferably comprise a fifth compartment which will receive the effluent from the fourth compartment, which will be lined with the first and second type of organic filter element, the latter

  being disposed at the bottom of the fifth compartment and filling 22% of the internal space thereof.

  The reservoir will preferably comprise a sixth compartment which will receive the effluent from the fifth compartment, and which will be filled with the first and third type of organic filter element, the latter being disposed at the bottom of the sixth compartment and filling 50% of the internal space of it.

  The subject of the present invention is also a process for the treatment and purification of effluent in a reservoir as described above, the first compartment providing a function for the retention of solids contained in the effluent, as well as an initiation function. a process of digestion of these organic materials under the effect of the action of photo-sensitive micro-organisms of self-sustained life cycle.

  According to the invention the process will implement a second compartment which will provide a purification function of the effluent initiated in the first compartment, so as to dissolve the organic materials which were solid at the beginning of treatment.

  According to the invention the process can implement a third compartment which will provide a function of stabilization of the effluent through an entirely natural biochemical process.

  According to the invention the process can implement a fourth compartment which will provide an oxygenation and filtration function of the effluent, filling the biochemical oxygen demand and the chemical oxygen demand relative to the standards in force.

  According to the invention, the method can implement a fifth compartment which will provide a filtering and elimination function for the solids remaining in suspension in the treated effluent.

  According to the invention the process can implement a sixth compartment which will provide a function of oxygenation and filtration of the effluent, so that at the end of the process, one obtains a water level 2 purity.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawing in which:

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the effluent treatment and purification tank according to the invention,

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first and third compartments of the reservoir shown in FIG. 1;

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the second and fifth compartments of the reservoir shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fourth and sixth compartments of the reservoir shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a view from above of a sample of a first type of organic filtering element used in the reservoir represented in FIGS. 1 to 4,

  FIG. 6 is a side view of the first type of organic filter element shown in FIG. 5;

  FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the first type of organic filter element shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

  The treatment chamber T according to the invention, which is shown in Figures 1 to 4, is made of a suitable material and is able to operate both buried and in the open air. It consists of six compartments 1 to 6 which are mounted communicating, and which are successively crossed by the effluent to be treated, in the horizontal direction, through communicating vessels 8, so that the latter passes through three types of organic filtering elements. These organic filtering elements are made from vascular natural plants, empty fibrous stems, the subspecies of Bambusoideae, graminaceous species, and which are positioned in such a way that the effluent passes through these elements following a horizontal axis.

  The first type of organic filtering element 7 has been provided, inside, with notches 9 and, on the surface, with diagonal cuts 10 through which the effluent to be treated is admitted, and in which the micro-colonies photo-sensitive organisms with a self-sustaining life cycle grow, react and multiply to form, inside these plant stems, a chamber of retention and development of colonies of microorganisms, which ensure the function of filtering and digesting the organic material to be treated.

  The second type of organic filter element consists of rods 12, 15 of the same vascular plant, which are cut into pieces.

  The third type of organic filter element consists of stems of the same vascular plant which are cut and then transformed into charcoal 14, 16.

  The organic process for treating and purifying effluents according to the invention comprises six steps, which take place distinctively in compartments 1 to 6.

  The compartment 1 thus ensures a retention function of the initial organic solids contained in the effluent and, under the effect of the action of photo-sensitive micro-organisms of self-sustained life cycle, initiates the process of digestion of these organic elements. For this purpose the compartment 1 contains the first type of organic filtering elements 7, namely the previously prepared plant rods, that is to say notched internally with the notches 9 and surface with the diagonal cuts 10. These rods 11 are arranged horizontally in the compartment 1

  so that they leave free 22% of the internal space of it, so that the culture of microorganisms

  can benefit from the ideal environment to proliferate. Compartment 2 provides a purification function for

  the effluent initiated in compartment 1, with the result of dissolving as much organic matter as was solid at the beginning of treatment.

  For this purpose, as well as in compartment 1, compartment 2 is provided with the first type of element

  Moreover, in addition to this, the compartment 2 also contains the second type of organic filtering element which is placed at the bottom of the compartment, and which consists of rods 12 of the same vascular plant, which are cut in half. pieces, and who

  fill 22% of the internal space of said compartment 2. These two organic filtering elements have the joint action of creating the ideal habitat for self-sustaining photo-sensitive micro-organisms to settle inside. rods 12 and provide the function

  previously mentioned. Compartment 3 provides a function of stabilization of the effluent through a completely natural biochemical process. Compartment 3 receives the effluent that has passed through compartment 2 and, as well as

  in compartments 1 and 2, it is provided with the first type of organic filtering element 7, which is thus crossed by the effluent. As previously, the rods 13 are arranged horizontally in the compartment 3, so that they leave free 22% of the internal space thereof, so that the culture of microorganisms can benefit from the ideal environment to proliferate, and perform the function mentioned above.

  Compartment 4 provides a function of oxygenation and filtration of the effluent, filling the biochemical oxygen demand and the chemical oxygen demand relative to the standards in force. The compartment 4 which is lined with the first type of organic filtering element 7, receives the effluent having passed through the compartment 3.

  As previously the rods are arranged horizontally in the compartment 4. Together with them the bottom of the compartment 4 is filled with the third type of organic filtering element, namely stems of the same vascular plant which are cut and transformed into charcoal 14 and this in a proportion of 22% of the internal space of the compartment 4. All of these two elements provides the function of creating the ideal habitat for the photo-sensitive self-sustaining life cycle microorganisms that are attached to the outside and inside of the rods 7 and coal 14 can perform the previously mentioned function.

  The compartment 5 provides a function of filtering and removing solids remaining in suspension. This compartment receives the effluent that has passed through the compartment 4 and is provided with the first type of organic filter element 7 which is thus crossed by the effluent. In addition, together with it, it also contains the second type of organic filter element which is placed at the bottom of the compartment 5, and which consists of rods 15 of the same vascular plant, which are cut into pieces, and which fill 22% of the internal space of said compartment 5. All of these two elements ensures the function of creating the ideal habitat for self-sustaining photo-sensitive life-cycle microorganisms that attach themselves to the outside. and inside the rods 7 and stems 15 cut in

  pieces can provide the previously mentioned function.

  The compartment 6 performs an oxygenation and filtration function of the effluent so that at the end of the process a level 2 purity water is obtained, in

  in accordance with the technical standards in force, allowing the treated effluent to be discharged into the natural environment without harming the environment or reused for the specific purposes specified by the technical standards in force for purity level 2 ultra-pure water .

  The compartment 6 which is lined with the first type of organic filter element 7, receives the effluent having passed through the compartment 5. As previously the rods are arranged horizontally in the compartment 6. Together with

  these the bottom compartment 6 is filled with the third type of organic filter element, namely stems of the same vascular plant which are cut and transformed into charcoal 16, and this in a proportion of 50% of the internal space of the compartment 6. All of these two

  elements ensures the function of creating the ideal habitat for self-supporting photo-sensitive life-cycle microorganisms that attach to the outside and inside of rods 7 and coal 16 can perform the function previously mentioned.

  In accordance with the standards in force it is necessary to install an inspection tank upstream of the tank T, in order to retain the non-biodegradable solids usually found in the effluents, such as in particular sponges, absorbents, condoms etc.

  The treatment method according to the invention has been designed to meet the volume requirements of effluents managed in communities, which can be proportionally increased or reduced according to the number of inhabitants of these communities, neighborhoods, subdivisions, in agreement with the technical standards in force.

Claims (13)

  1. - Tank (T) treatment for the purification of effluent, characterized in that it consists of several compartments (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) arranged communicating, so that they are traversed by the effluent to be treated along a horizontal axis, so that it crosses three types of organic filter elements namely: - a first type of organic filter element (7) constituted from vascular natural plants, of empty fibrous stems, of the subspecies of Bambusoideae, of the gramineae species, the stems being provided with internal indentations (9) and external diagonal cuts (10), through which the effluent to be treated between and in which colonies of photo-sensitive microorganisms of self-sustaining life cycle grow, react and multiply to form, within these plant stems, a chamber of retention and development of communities of these own micro - organizations, which have the function of filtering and digesting the organic matter to be treated, - a second type of organic filtering element consisting of rods (12,15) of the same vascular plant cut into pieces, - a third type of organic filtering element consisting of rods of the even vascular plant cut and transformed into charcoal (14,16).   2. - treatment tank according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises six compartments (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), the first compartment (1) admitting the effluent to be treated and containing the first type of filtering organic element (7) whose rods are arranged horizontally and fill the tank so that the bottom thereof has 22% free space of said compartment, so that the culture of microorganisms can benefit from the ideal environment to proliferate.   3. - Treatment tank according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that it comprises a second compartment (2) which receives the effluent from the first compartment (1), and which is furnished first and second type organic filter element, the latter filling 22% of the internal space of said compartment.   4. - Treatment tank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a third compartment (3) which receives the effluent from the second compartment (2), and which is furnished with the first type of element organic filtering, whose rods fill the tank so that the bottom thereof has 22% of free space of said compartment.   5. - treatment tank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a fourth compartment (4) which receives the effluent from the third compartment (3), and which is lined with the first and third type d organic filter element, the latter being disposed at the bottom of the fourth compartment (4) and filling 22% of the internal space thereof.   6. - Tank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a fifth compartment (5) which receives the effluent from the fourth compartment (4), and which is furnished with the first and second type of element organic filtering, the latter being disposed at the bottom of the fifth compartment (5) and filling 22% of the internal space thereof.   7. - Tank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a sixth compartment (6) which receives the effluent from the fifth compartment (5), and which is furnished with the first and third type of element organic filtering, the latter being disposed at the bottom of the sixth compartment (6) and filling 50% of the internal space thereof.   8. - Process for the treatment and purification of effluent in a tank according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a first compartment (1) provides a solid retention function contained in the initial effluent , as well as a function of initiation of a process of digestion of these organic materials under the effect of the action of photo-sensitive micro-organisms of self-sustained life cycle.   9. - Process for the treatment and purification of effluent according to claim 8, characterized in that a second compartment (2) provides a purification function of the effluent initiated in the first compartment (1), so as to dissolve organic matter that was solid at the beginning of treatment.   10. - Process for the treatment and purification of effluent according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that a third compartment (3) provides a stabilization function of the effluent through a fully biochemical process natural.   11. - Process for the treatment and purification of effluent according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a fourth compartment (4) provides a function of oxygenation and filtration of the effluent, filling the application biochemical oxygen and chemical oxygen demand relative to the standards in force.   12. - Process for the treatment and purification of effluent according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that a fifth compartment (5) provides a function of filtration and removal of solids remaining in suspension in the water. treated effluent.   13. - Process for the treatment and purification of effluent according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that a sixth compartment (6) provides a function of oxygenation and filtration of the effluent, so that at the end of the process, we obtain a level 2 purity water.