FR2909310A1 - Motor vehicle's rear axle, has connection units intercalated between rigid and stub axles, and permitting rotation of stub axle around rotation axis distinct from stub axle axis, where units have plates inclined with respect to each other - Google Patents

Motor vehicle's rear axle, has connection units intercalated between rigid and stub axles, and permitting rotation of stub axle around rotation axis distinct from stub axle axis, where units have plates inclined with respect to each other Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2909310A1
FR2909310A1 FR0655331A FR0655331A FR2909310A1 FR 2909310 A1 FR2909310 A1 FR 2909310A1 FR 0655331 A FR0655331 A FR 0655331A FR 0655331 A FR0655331 A FR 0655331A FR 2909310 A1 FR2909310 A1 FR 2909310A1
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France
Prior art keywords
axle
axis
train
rotation
flexible plates
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Granted
Application number
FR0655331A
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French (fr)
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FR2909310B1 (en
Inventor
Omar Khayame
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PSA Automobiles SA
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Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Priority to FR0655331A priority Critical patent/FR2909310B1/en
Publication of FR2909310A1 publication Critical patent/FR2909310A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2909310B1 publication Critical patent/FR2909310B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B37/00Wheel-axle combinations, e.g. wheel sets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/02Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque
    • B60B35/04Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque straight
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/10Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
    • B60G11/113Mountings on the axle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G9/00Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels
    • B60G9/003Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels the axle being rigidly connected to a trailing guiding device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10Type of spring
    • B60G2202/11Leaf spring
    • B60G2202/112Leaf spring longitudinally arranged
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/121Mounting of leaf springs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14Mounting of suspension arms
    • B60G2204/148Mounting of suspension arms on the unsprung part of the vehicle, e.g. wheel knuckle or rigid axle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/43Fittings, brackets or knuckles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/43Fittings, brackets or knuckles
    • B60G2204/4306Bracket or knuckle for rigid axles, e.g. for clamping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/30Constructional features of rigid axles
    • B60G2206/31Straight axle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/50Constructional features of wheel supports or knuckles, e.g. steering knuckles, spindle attachments
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/80Manufacturing procedures
    • B60G2206/82Joining
    • B60G2206/8207Joining by screwing

Abstract

The axle has a steering stub axle fixed to an end (20) of a rigid axle (2) by a plate forming a stub axle (3). Flexible connection units are intercalated between the rigid axle and stub axle, and permit rotation of the stub axle around a rotation axis (BY) distinct from a stub axle axis (AY). The connection units have two flexible plates (4, 5) inclined with respect to each other, and including upper edges rigidly fixed to a support part (6) that is fixed to the end of the rigid axle. An independent claim is also included for a vehicle comprising a rear axle.

Description

2909310 TRAIN ARRIERE DE TYPE A ESSIEU RIGIDE La présente invention2909310 REAR RIGID AXLE TYPE REAR TRAIN The present invention

concerne un train arrière de type à essieu rigide pour véhicule, notamment pour véhicule automobile. Elle concerne plus particulièrement un train arrière comprenant un essieu rigide porté par deux ressorts à lame longitudinaux articulés sur un élément de structure du véhicule, et au moins une fusée de roue venant se fixer à une extrémité de l'essieu par l'intermédiaire d'une plaque formant porte-fusée. i0 La figure 1 représente un train arrière connu, comprenant un essieu rigide 2 (autrement appelé traverse rigide) porté par deux ressorts à lame longitudinaux 9 et deux fusées de roue opposées (non représentées) venant chacune se fixer à un porte-fusée 31, les deux porte-fusées 31 étant fixés aux 15 deux extrémités 20 de l'essieu rigide 2. Dans cette conception, les porte-fusées 31 sont directement fixés sur l'essieu 2. Un véhicule équipé d'un tel train présente un comportement routier et un confort particulièrement limités du fait de la rigidité de ce train, et plus 20 particulièrement de la rigidité de l'essieu formant liaison entre les deux roues du véhicule ; chaque roue étant monté rotative sur les fusées de roue correspondantes. Dans un tel véhicule, la roue est principalement libre de se déplacer 25 verticalement pour amortir les irrégularités du sol. Cependant, lorsqu'un obstacle entre en contact avec la base de roue (proche du sol), il génère un effort de percussion sur cette roue dirigé en grande partie le long du véhicule, conduisant ainsi au recul de la roue le long dudit véhicule. Ce recul de la roue est permis par les articulations 90 des ressorts à lame 9 sur l'élément de 30 structure, et en particulier par les deux articulations 90 disposés à l'avant du véhicule ; les ressorts à lame étant généralement montés sur l'élément de structure par l'intermédiaire d'axes oscillant à l'avant du véhicule et d'axes à 2909310 2 position fixe à l'avant du véhicule. Le recul de roue rendu possible par ces articulations 90 permet de filtrer en partie l'effort de percussion et ainsi d'améliorer le confort du train.  relates to a rear axle type rigid axle for a vehicle, especially for a motor vehicle. It relates more particularly to a rear axle comprising a rigid axle carried by two longitudinal leaf springs hinged to a structural element of the vehicle, and at least one wheel spindle being attached to one end of the axle via a plate forming a stub axle. FIG. 1 shows a known rear axle comprising a rigid axle 2 (otherwise called rigid cross member) carried by two longitudinal leaf springs 9 and two opposite wheel flares (not shown), each of which attaches to a stub axle 31, the two stub axles 31 being fixed to both ends 20 of the rigid axle 2. In this design, the stub axles 31 are directly fixed on the axle 2. A vehicle equipped with such a train has a road behavior and a particularly limited comfort due to the rigidity of this train, and more particularly the rigidity of the axle forming a connection between the two wheels of the vehicle; each wheel being rotatably mounted on the corresponding wheel flares. In such a vehicle, the wheel is primarily free to move vertically to dampen ground irregularities. However, when an obstacle comes into contact with the wheel base (close to the ground), it generates a percussive force on the wheel, which is largely directed along the vehicle, thus causing the wheel to fall back along said vehicle. This recoil of the wheel is enabled by the hinges 90 of the leaf springs 9 on the structural element, and in particular by the two hinges 90 arranged at the front of the vehicle; the leaf springs being generally mounted on the structural element by means of axles oscillating at the front of the vehicle and fixed axle axes at the front of the vehicle. The wheel recoil made possible by these joints 90 allows to partially filter the percussion force and thus improve the comfort of the train.

La possibilité de rotation du porte-fusée, et donc de la fusée de roue, autour d'un axe distinct de celui de l'axe de rotation de la roue, correspondant à l'axe de la fusée, est un degré de liberté supplémentaire permettant d'améliorer cet effet filtrant (et donc le confort) sans dégrader le comportement routier du véhicule. i0 La présente invention a notamment pour but l'adjonction d'un tel degré de liberté supplémentaire à un train du type semi-rigide. On entend par degré de liberté supplémentaire la possibilité pour la fusée de roue de se déplacer lorsque des efforts sont appliqués à la roue, cette fusée revenant à une position 15 de référence lorsqu'aucun effort n'est appliqué à la roue. A cet effet, elle propose un train arrière pour véhicule, notamment pour véhicule automobile, comprenant un essieu rigide et au moins une fusée de roue venant se fixer à une extrémité dudit essieu par l'intermédiaire d'une 20 plaque formant porte-fusée, ledit train comprenant également des moyens de liaison flexibles s'intercalant entre ledit essieu et ledit porte-fusée, lesdits moyens de liaison étant adaptés pour permettre la rotation dudit porte-fusée autour d'un axe de rotation distinct de l'axe de la fusée. 25 Dans une réalisation particulière, les moyens de liaison comprennent au moins deux plaques flexibles inclinées l'une vers l'autre. Conformément à d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention : - les plaques flexibles sont sensiblement planes et contenues dans des plans 30 distincts dont l'intersection définit ledit axe de rotation ; 2909310 3 -les plaques flexibles sont en forme générale de quadrilatère, et présentent respectivement un premier bord rigidement fixé à l'extrémité de l'essieu et un second bord opposé rigidement fixé au porte-fusée ; - les premiers bords des dites plaques flexibles sont rigidement fixés à une 5 pièce support fixée à l'extrémité de l'essieu rigide ; - la pièce support est formée d'une plaque de forme générale trapézoïdale et dont les bords inclinés sont solidaires des premiers bords des dites plaques flexibles ; - la pièce support et le porte-fusée sont sensiblement parallèles ; io le porte-fusée est formée d'une plaque de forme générale trapézoïdale et dont les bords inclinés sont solidaires des seconds bords des dites plaques flexibles ; - les plaques flexibles sont rigidement fixés au porte-fusée et/ou à la pièce support par soudage ; 15 - les plaques flexibles sont sensiblement perpendiculaires au porte-fusée ; - les plaques flexibles sont orientées de telle sorte que ledit axe de rotation est approximativement parallèle à l'axe de la fusée. L'invention concerne également un véhicule comprenant un train tel que 20 décrit ci-avant, ledit train assurant la liaison entre le châssis dudit véhicule et au moins une roue montée rotative sur la fusée de roue, caractérisé en ce que les plaques flexibles sont orientés de telle sorte que ledit axe de rotation s'étend à une distance prédéterminée de l'axe de la fusée supérieure ou égale au rayon externe de ladite roue. 25 Avantageusement, les plaques flexibles sont orientées de telle sorte que ledit axe de rotation s'étend dans un plan sensiblement parallèle audit châssis. D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention 30 apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée ci-après, d'un exemple de mise en oeuvre non limitatif, faite en référence aux figures annexées dans lesquelles : 2909310 4 - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un train arrière de type à essieu rigide connu, déjà décrit ci-avant ; - la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un train arrière de type à essieu rigide selon l'invention ; 5 - la figure 3 correspond à un détail de la figure 2 et représente les moyens de liaison flexibles selon l'invention ; - la figure 4 représente schématiquement de côté le train arrière selon l'invention ; - la figure 5 représente schématiquement de côté une variante du train io arrière selon l'invention. Comme représenté en figure 2, le train arrière 1 de type à essieu rigide selon l'invention comporte un essieu rigide 2 porté par deux ressorts à lames longitudinaux 9 articulés sur un élément de structure du véhicule. Les ressorts à 15 lames 9 sont montés sur ledit élément de structure par l'intermédiaire d'articulations 90 du type connu, disposés aux extrémités desdits ressorts 9. L'élément de structure est constitué soit par un élément du châssis, soit par un élément de la caisse du véhicule. 20 Le train arrière 1 comprend deux fusées de roue venant se fixer aux extrémités 20 de l'essieu 2, par l'intermédiaire d'une plaque formant porte-fusée 3. Dans la figure 2, la fusée est symbolisée par son axe AY. De manière connu, une roue non représentée est montée rotative sur chaque fusée de roue, de sorte que l'axe de rotation de la roue corresponde à l'axe de la fusée AY. 25 La suite de la description portera sur un côté de la traverse et donc sur un ensemble fusée et porte-fusée 3. Le train 1 selon l'invention comprend des moyens de liaison flexibles 4, 5 30 s'intercalant entre l'essieu 2 et le porte-fusée 3, de sorte que le porte-fusée 3 est fixé à l'extrémité 20 de l'essieu 2 par lesdits moyens de liaison 4, 5. Selon 2909310 5 l'invention, ces moyens 4, 5 sont adaptés pour permettre la rotation dudit porte-fusée 3 autour d'un axe de rotation BY distinct de l'axe de la fusée AY. Ces moyens de liaison flexibles 4, 5 autorisent un degré de liberté 5 supplémentaire de la roue, qui est une possibilité de rotation du porte-fusée 3 (et donc de la fusée de roue) autour de cet axe de rotation BY distinct de l'axe de la fusée AY. Ces moyens de liaison sont formés par au moins deux plaques flexibles io 4, 5 inclinées l'une vers l'autre. Ces plaques flexibles 4, 5 sont sensiblement planes et contenues dans des plans distincts dont l'intersection définit l'axe de rotation BY. Chaque plaque flexible 4, 5 est en forme générale de quadrilatère et présente respectivement un premier bord 41, 51 rigidement fixé à l'extrémité 20 de l'essieu 2 et un second bord 42, 52 opposé rigidement fixé au porte-fusée 15 3, comme illustré en figure 3. Les premiers bords 41, 51 des plaques flexibles 4, 5 sont rigidement fixés à une pièce support 6, ladite pièce support 6 étant fixée à l'extrémité 20 de l'essieu rigide 2, par exemple par soudage. La pièce support 6 est 20 avantageusement formée d'une plaque de forme générale trapézoïdale et ses bords inclinés sont solidaires des premiers bords 41, 51 des dites plaques flexibles 4, 5. Cette plaque formant pièce support 6 est avantageusement perpendiculaire à l'axe de la fusée AY, et notamment à l'essieu 2 si ce dernier s'étend sensiblement selon une direction transversale parallèle à l'axe de la 25 fusée AY. En outre, le porte-fusée 3 est formée d'une plaque avantageusement de forme générale trapézoïdale et dont les bords inclinés sont solidaires des seconds bords 42, 52 des plaques flexibles 4, 5. Les plaques flexibles 4, 5 sont 30 sensiblement perpendiculaires au porte-fusée 3. De plus, la pièce support 6 et le porte-fusée 3 sont sensiblement parallèles. 2909310 6 Les plaques flexibles 4, 5 sont rigidement fixés au porte-fusée 3 et/ou à la pièce support 6 par soudage. Les plaques 4, 5 peuvent également venir de matière avec la pièce support 6 ou avec le porte-fusée 3. En considérant que les plaques 4, 5 viennent de matière avec le porte-fusée 3 (respectivement la 5 pièce support 6), les plaques 4, 5 et ledit porte-fusée 3 (respectivement ladite pièce support 6) sont avantageusement obtenus par un procédé d'emboutissage d'une tôle. Dans cette dernière réalisation, les premiers bords 41, 51 (respectivement les seconds bords 42, 52) des plaques 4, 5 sont avantageusement soudés sur la pièce support 6 (respectivement le porte-fusée io 3). Le degré supplémentaire de liberté est donné les plaques flexibles 4, 5 situées entre le porte-fusée 3 et l'extrémité 20 de l'essieu, de sorte que ces plaques 4, 5 peuvent être dimensionnés spécifiquement pour avoir une is élasticité souhaitée, sans altérer les autres caractéristiques du train arrière. Le degré de liberté supplémentaire qui est introduit par ces plaques flexibles 4, 5 correspond à une élasticité longitudinale permettant à la roue de reculer le long du véhicule. 20 Cette possibilité de recul facilite le passage d'obstacles de faible hauteur. Lorsqu'un tel obstacle entre en contact avec la roue, il génère un effort de percussion sur cette roue, mais cet effort de percussion est atténué par le recul de la roue, pour améliorer le confort du véhicule. Lorsque cet effort s'annule, la 25 roue revient vers une position de référence, du fait de la flexibilité des moyens de liaison 4, 5. Comme représenté aux figures 4 et 5, les plaques flexibles 4, 5 sont avantageusement agencés pour que l'axe de rotation BY du porte-fusée 3 30 s'étende à une distance D prédéterminée de l'axe de la fusée AY supérieure ou égale au rayon externe de la roue 7 ; le rayon externe de la roue 7 2909310 7 correspondant au rayon maximal de la roue 7. De la sorte, l'axe de rotation BY s'étend sensiblement : - au niveau du point de contact de la roue 1 avec le sol, lorsque ladite distance D est égale audit rayon R, ainsi qu'illustré sur la figure 4 ; ou 5 - sous le sol, lorsque ladite distance D est supérieure audit rayon R, ainsi qu'illustré sur la figure 5. Cet axe de rotation BY est approximativement parallèle à l'axe de la fusée AY, de telle sorte qu'il permet un recul de la roue selon un mouvement io sensiblement pendulaire inscrit dans un plan longitudinal du véhicule. On entend par approximativement le fait que l'axe de rotation puisse être exactement parallèle à l'axe la fusée AY, ou puisse être incliné par rapport à cet axe selon un angle non nul prédéterminé, avantageusement inférieur à 30 degrés ; cette inclinaison de l'axe BY permettant d'améliorer le comportement 15 du train sous efforts longitudinaux et transversaux. De plus, l'axe de rotation BY s'étend avantageusement dans un plan horizontal, ce qui correspond sensiblement au plan du châssis 8 du véhicule sur lesquels sont articulés les ressorts à lame 9. 20 Cette position particulière de l'axe de rotation BY procure au degré de liberté supplémentaire une flexibilité qui diffère selon qu'un effort est appliqué en partie supérieure ou en partie basse de la roue 7. Pour le cas du 25 franchissement d'un obstacle, un effort est appliqué sensiblement à mi-hauteur de la roue 7, c'est-à-dire à une distance importante de l'axe de rotation BY, de telle sorte que la roue 7 recule sous l'effet d'un tel effort. En cas de freinage du véhicule, un effort est appliqué par le sol à la base de la roue 7, à savoir dans une zone qui coïncide sensiblement avec l'axe de rotation BY, de sorte que 30 dans ce cas, la roue 1 ne recule pas ou très peu, ce qui correspond alors à un comportement rigide de la liaison. 2909310 8 Le confort du véhicule en est significativement amélioré car le passage d'obstacle est facilité par le recul de la roue, mais sans que le comportement routier du véhicule n'en soit modifié puisque les efforts appliqués par le sol à la roue 7 tels qu'un effort de freinage ne sollicitent pas le degré de liberté 5 supplémentaire de la roue. Dans le cas d'un véhicule muni d'un système de freinage équipé d'un ABS, le fait que la roue arrière 7 ne recule pas lors du freinage permet de ne pas perturber le fonctionnement de l'ABS. Comme représenté aux figures 4 et 5, les plaques flexibles 4, 5 ont une orientation formant un certain angle l'une par rapport à l'autre de manière à définir un V ouvert vers le haut. L'orientation de ces plaques flexibles 4 et 5 définit la position de l'axe de rotation BY, cette position étant donnée par l'intersection des plans dans lesquels sont contenues les plaques 4 et 5, comme représenté schématiquement sur les figures 4 et 5.  The possibility of rotation of the stub axle, and therefore of the wheel spindle, around an axis distinct from that of the axis of rotation of the wheel, corresponding to the axis of the rocket, is an additional degree of freedom to improve this filtering effect (and therefore comfort) without degrading the road behavior of the vehicle. The object of the present invention is in particular to add such an additional degree of freedom to a train of the semi-rigid type. By additional degree of freedom is meant the possibility for the wheel spindle to move when forces are applied to the wheel, this fuze returning to a reference position when no force is applied to the wheel. For this purpose, it proposes a rear axle for a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a rigid axle and at least one wheel axle coming to be fixed at one end of said axle by means of a plate forming a rocket carrier, said train also comprising flexible connecting means interposed between said axle and said knuckle, said connecting means being adapted to allow the rotation of said knuckle about an axis of rotation distinct from the axis of the rocket . In a particular embodiment, the connecting means comprise at least two flexible plates inclined towards one another. According to other advantageous features of the invention: the flexible plates are substantially flat and contained in distinct planes whose intersection defines said axis of rotation; The flexible plates are in the general shape of quadrilateral, and respectively have a first edge rigidly fixed to the end of the axle and a second opposite edge rigidly fixed to the knuckle; the first edges of said flexible plates are rigidly fixed to a support part fixed to the end of the rigid axle; - The support part is formed of a plate of generally trapezoidal shape and whose inclined edges are integral with the first edges of said flexible plates; the support piece and the knuckle are substantially parallel; the knuckle carrier is formed of a plate of generally trapezoidal shape and whose inclined edges are integral with the second edges of said flexible plates; the flexible plates are rigidly fixed to the stub axle and / or to the support piece by welding; The flexible plates are substantially perpendicular to the stub axle; the flexible plates are oriented such that the said axis of rotation is approximately parallel to the axis of the rocket. The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a train as described above, said train providing the connection between the chassis of said vehicle and at least one wheel rotatably mounted on the wheel spindle, characterized in that the flexible plates are oriented such that said axis of rotation extends at a predetermined distance from the axis of the fuze greater than or equal to the outer radius of said wheel. Advantageously, the flexible plates are oriented such that said axis of rotation extends in a plane substantially parallel to said frame. Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description below, of an example of non-limiting implementation, with reference to the appended figures in which: FIG. a perspective view of a rear axle of known rigid axle type, already described above; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rear axle of rigid axle type according to the invention; Figure 3 corresponds to a detail of Figure 2 and shows the flexible connection means according to the invention; - Figure 4 shows schematically side of the rear axle according to the invention; - Figure 5 shows schematically side of a variant of the rear train according to the invention. As represented in FIG. 2, the rear axle 1 of the rigid axle type according to the invention comprises a rigid axle 2 carried by two longitudinal leaf springs 9 articulated on a structural element of the vehicle. The leaf springs 9 are mounted on said structural element by means of hinges 90 of the known type, arranged at the ends of said springs 9. The structural element is constituted either by a frame element or by an element of the vehicle body. The rear axle 1 comprises two wheel flares which are fixed to the ends 20 of the axle 2, by means of a plate forming a rocket carrier 3. In FIG. 2, the rocket is symbolized by its axis AY. In known manner, a not shown wheel is rotatably mounted on each wheel spindle, so that the axis of rotation of the wheel corresponds to the axis of the rocket AY. The remainder of the description will relate to one side of the cross member and therefore to a rocket and knuckle assembly 3. The train 1 according to the invention comprises flexible connecting means 4, 5 30 interposed between the axle 2 and the knuckle 3, so that the knuckle 3 is fixed to the end 20 of the axle 2 by said connecting means 4, 5. According to the invention, these means 4, 5 are adapted to allow the rotation of said knuckle 3 about a rotation axis BY distinct from the axis of the rocket AY. These flexible connection means 4, 5 allow an additional degree of freedom of the wheel, which is a possibility of rotation of the stub axle 3 (and therefore the wheel flare) around this axis of rotation BY distinct from the axis of the rocket AY. These connecting means are formed by at least two flexible plates 4, 5 inclined towards one another. These flexible plates 4, 5 are substantially flat and contained in separate planes whose intersection defines the axis of rotation BY. Each flexible plate 4, 5 is in the general shape of a quadrilateral and has respectively a first edge 41, 51 rigidly fixed to the end 20 of the axle 2 and a second opposite edge 42, 52 rigidly fixed to the stub axle 3, as shown in Figure 3. The first edges 41, 51 of the flexible plates 4, 5 are rigidly attached to a support member 6, said support member 6 being fixed to the end 20 of the rigid axle 2, for example by welding. The support piece 6 is advantageously formed of a plate of generally trapezoidal shape and its inclined edges are integral with the first edges 41, 51 of said flexible plates 4, 5. This support plate 6 is advantageously perpendicular to the axis of the rocket AY, and in particular to the axle 2 if the latter extends substantially in a transverse direction parallel to the axis of the rocket AY. In addition, the knuckle 3 is formed of a plate preferably of generally trapezoidal shape and whose inclined edges are secured to the second edges 42, 52 of the flexible plates 4, 5. The flexible plates 4, 5 are substantially perpendicular to the In addition, the support piece 6 and the knuckle 3 are substantially parallel. The flexible plates 4, 5 are rigidly attached to the knuckle 3 and / or the support part 6 by welding. The plates 4, 5 can also be made of material with the support part 6 or with the knuckle 3. Considering that the plates 4, 5 are made of material with the knuckle 3 (respectively the support piece 6), the plates 4, 5 and said knuckle 3 (respectively said support piece 6) are advantageously obtained by a method of stamping a sheet. In this latter embodiment, the first edges 41, 51 (respectively the second edges 42, 52) of the plates 4, 5 are advantageously welded to the support part 6 (respectively the knuckle 3). The additional degree of freedom is given the flexible plates 4, 5 located between the knuckle 3 and the end 20 of the axle, so that these plates 4, 5 can be dimensioned specifically to have a desired elasticity, without alter other features of the rear end. The additional degree of freedom that is introduced by these flexible plates 4, 5 corresponds to a longitudinal elasticity allowing the wheel to move back along the vehicle. 20 This possibility of recoil facilitates the passage of obstacles of low height. When such an obstacle comes into contact with the wheel, it generates a percussion force on the wheel, but this percussion force is attenuated by the recoil of the wheel, to improve the comfort of the vehicle. When this force is canceled, the wheel returns to a reference position, because of the flexibility of the connecting means 4, 5. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the flexible plates 4, 5 are advantageously arranged so that the rotation axis BY of the knuckle 3 30 extends at a predetermined distance D from the axis of the fuze AY greater than or equal to the outer radius of the wheel 7; the outer radius of the wheel 7 corresponding to the maximum radius of the wheel 7. In this way, the rotation axis BY substantially extends: at the point of contact of the wheel 1 with the ground, when said distance D is equal to said radius R, as illustrated in Figure 4; or 5 - under the ground, when said distance D is greater than said radius R, as illustrated in FIG. 5. This rotation axis BY is approximately parallel to the axis of the rocket AY, so that it allows a recoil of the wheel in a substantially pendulum movement inscribed in a longitudinal plane of the vehicle. By approximately means that the axis of rotation can be exactly parallel to the axis AY rocket, or can be inclined relative to this axis at a predetermined non-zero angle, preferably less than 30 degrees; this inclination of the BY axis to improve the behavior of the train under longitudinal and transverse forces. In addition, the rotation axis BY advantageously extends in a horizontal plane, which substantially corresponds to the plane of the chassis 8 of the vehicle on which the leaf springs 9 are articulated. This particular position of the rotation axis BY provides the additional degree of freedom flexibility that differs depending on whether a force is applied to the upper or lower part of the wheel 7. For the case of crossing an obstacle, a force is applied substantially halfway up the the wheel 7, that is to say at a significant distance from the rotation axis BY, so that the wheel 7 retreats under the effect of such a force. In case of braking of the vehicle, a force is applied by the ground to the base of the wheel 7, namely in a zone which coincides substantially with the rotation axis BY, so that in this case the wheel 1 does not move. backwards or very little, which then corresponds to a rigid behavior of the connection. The comfort of the vehicle is significantly improved because the passage of obstacle is facilitated by the recoil of the wheel, but without the road behavior of the vehicle is changed because the forces applied by the ground to the wheel 7 such that a braking force does not solicit the additional degree of freedom of the wheel. In the case of a vehicle equipped with a braking system equipped with an ABS, the fact that the rear wheel 7 does not move back during braking makes it possible not to disturb the operation of the ABS. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the flexible plates 4, 5 have an orientation at a certain angle to each other so as to define an open V upward. The orientation of these flexible plates 4 and 5 defines the position of the rotation axis BY, this position being given by the intersection of the planes in which the plates 4 and 5 are contained, as shown schematically in FIGS. .

Ainsi, la position de l'axe de rotation BY est définie par l'angle formé par deux plaques flexibles fixées sur l'essieu rigide 2. Plus cet angle est fermé (figure 5), plus l'axe de rotation BY est situé vers le bas, plus cet angle est ouvert (figure 4), plus l'axe de rotation est situé à proximité de l'axe de la fusée AY. Plus particulièrement, lorsqu'un effort dirigé vers l'arrière du véhicule est appliqué par exemple à mi-hauteur de la roue 7, les plaques flexibles 4 et 5 se déforment de façon élastique, leurs bords 41, 51, 42 et 52 restant solidaires de la pièce support 6 et du porte-fusée 3. Les déformations subies par les plaques 4, 5 lorsqu'un effort est appliqué à la roue 7 sont principalement des déformations de flexion, qui donnent lieu à un mouvement relatif du porte-fusée 3 par rapport à la pièce support 6 et donc par rapport à l'essieu 2. Ce déplacement du porte-fusée 3 correspond à une rotation de celui-ci autour de l'axe BY. La position de l'axe BY peut se déplacer au cours de ce mouvement, mais dans des proportions faibles. En fait, des essais et simulations montrent 2909310 9 que le comportement des plaques flexibles 4, 5 correspond sensiblement à un mouvement de rotation autour de l'axe BY. Les plaques 4, 5 peuvent être réalisée à partir d'éléments de tôle 5 classiques. Le dimensionnement de l'épaisseur de chaque plaque flexible 4, 5 ainsi que le nombre de plaques 4, 5 permettent d'ajuster la rigidité des moyens de liaison. Dans l'exemple des figures 2 à 5, les moyens de liaison 4, 5 sont formés io par deux plaques flexibles, mais ils peuvent en comporter plus. Bien entendu l'exemple de mise en oeuvre évoqué ci-dessus ne présente aucun caractère limitatif et d'autres détails et améliorations peuvent être apportés au train arrière selon l'invention, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de 15 l'invention.  Thus, the position of the rotation axis BY is defined by the angle formed by two flexible plates fixed on the rigid axle 2. The more this angle is closed (FIG. 5), the more the rotation axis BY is located towards bottom, the more this angle is open (Figure 4), the more the axis of rotation is located near the axis of the rocket AY. More particularly, when a force directed towards the rear of the vehicle is applied for example at half height of the wheel 7, the flexible plates 4 and 5 are deformed elastically, their edges 41, 51, 42 and 52 remaining secured of the support piece 6 and the knuckle 3. The deformations experienced by the plates 4, 5 when a force is applied to the wheel 7 are mainly bending deformations, which give rise to a relative movement of the knuckle 3 relative to the support member 6 and thus relative to the axle 2. This movement of the knuckle 3 corresponds to a rotation thereof about the BY axis. The position of the BY axis can move during this movement, but in low proportions. In fact, tests and simulations show that the behavior of the flexible plates 4, 5 substantially corresponds to a rotational movement around the BY axis. The plates 4, 5 can be made from conventional sheet metal elements. The sizing of the thickness of each flexible plate 4, 5 as well as the number of plates 4, 5 make it possible to adjust the rigidity of the connecting means. In the example of Figures 2 to 5, the connecting means 4, 5 are formed by two flexible plates, but they may comprise more. Of course the implementation example mentioned above is not limiting and other details and improvements can be made to the rear train according to the invention, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (13)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Train arrière (1) pour véhicule, notamment pour véhicule automobile, comprenant un essieu rigide (2) et au moins une fusée de roue venant se fixer à une extrémité (20) dudit essieu (2) par l'intermédiaire d'une plaque formant porte-fusée (3), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de liaison flexibles (4, 5) s'intercalant entre ledit essieu (2) et ledit porte-fusée (3), lesdits moyens de liaison (4, 5) étant adaptés pour permettre la rotation dudit porte-fusée (3) autour d'un axe de rotation (BY) distinct de l'axe de la fusée (AY). io  A rear axle (1) for a vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a rigid axle (2) and at least one wheel axle coming to be fixed at one end (20) of said axle (2) via a plate forming a stub axle (3), characterized in that it comprises flexible connecting means (4, 5) interposed between said axle (2) and said stub axle (3), said connecting means (4) , 5) being adapted to allow the rotation of said knuckle (3) about an axis of rotation (BY) distinct from the axis of the rocket (AY). io 2. Train (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de liaison comprennent au moins deux plaques flexibles (4, 5) inclinées l'une vers l'autre. is  2. Train (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting means comprise at least two flexible plates (4, 5) inclined towards one another. is 3. Train (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les plaques flexibles (4, 5) sont sensiblement planes et contenues dans des plans distincts dont l'intersection définit ledit axe de rotation (BY).  3. Train (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the flexible plates (4, 5) are substantially flat and contained in separate planes whose intersection defines said axis of rotation (BY). 4. Train (1) selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les plaques 20 flexibles (4,  4. Train (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the flexible plates (4, 5) sont en forme générale de quadrilatère, et présentent respectivement un premier bord (41, 51) rigidement fixé à l'extrémité (20) de l'essieu (2) et un second bord (42, 52) opposé rigidement fixé au porte-fusée (3). 25 5. Train (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les premiers bords (41, 51) des dites plaques flexibles (4, 5) sont rigidement fixés à une pièce support (6) fixée à l'extrémité de l'essieu rigide.  5) are in the general shape of a quadrilateral, and respectively have a first edge (41, 51) rigidly fixed to the end (20) of the axle (2) and a second edge (42, 52) opposite rigidly fixed to the door -fuse (3). 5. Train (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first edges (41, 51) of said flexible plates (4, 5) are rigidly fixed to a support piece (6) attached to the end of the rigid axle. 6. Train (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la pièce support (6) 30 est formée d'une plaque de forme générale trapézoïdale et dont les bords inclinés sont solidaires des premiers bords (41, 51) des dites plaques flexibles (4, 5). 2909310 Il  6. Train (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the support part (6) 30 is formed of a plate of generally trapezoidal shape and whose inclined edges are integral with the first edges (41, 51) of said plates flexible (4, 5). 2909310 He 7. Train (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la pièce support (6) et le porte-fusée (3) sont sensiblement parallèles. 5  7. Train (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the support part (6) and the knuckle (3) are substantially parallel. 5 8. Train (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le porte-fusée (3) est formée d'une plaque de forme générale trapézoïdale et dont les bords inclinés sont solidaires des seconds bords (42, 52) des dites plaques flexibles (4, 5). io  8. Train (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the knuckle (3) is formed of a plate of generally trapezoidal shape and whose inclined edges are integral with the second edges (42). , 52) of said flexible plates (4, 5). io 9. Train (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les plaques flexibles (4, 5) sont rigidement fixés au porte-fusée (3) et/ou à la pièce support (6) par soudage.  9. Train (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the flexible plates (4, 5) are rigidly fixed to the knuckle (3) and / or the support piece (6) by welding. 10. Train (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce 15 que les plaques flexibles (4, 5) sont sensiblement perpendiculaires au porte-fusée (3).  10. Train (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the flexible plates (4, 5) are substantially perpendicular to the knuckle (3). 11. Train (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les plaques flexibles (4, 5) sont orientées de telle sorte que ledit axe de 20 rotation (BY) est approximativement parallèle à l'axe de la fusée (AY).  11. Train (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the flexible plates (4, 5) are oriented such that said axis of rotation (BY) is approximately parallel to the axis rocket (AY). 12. Véhicule comprenant un train (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 11, ledit train (1) assurant la liaison entre le châssis (8) dudit véhicule et au moins une roue (7) montée rotative sur la fusée de roue, caractérisé en ce que 25 les plaques flexibles (4, 5) sont orientés de telle sorte que ledit axe de rotation (BY) s'étend à une distance (D) prédéterminée de l'axe de la fusée (AY) supérieure ou égale au rayon externe (R) de ladite roue (7).  12. Vehicle comprising a train (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 11, said train (1) providing the connection between the frame (8) of said vehicle and at least one wheel (7) rotatably mounted on the rocket of wheel, characterized in that the flexible plates (4, 5) are oriented such that said axis of rotation (BY) extends at a predetermined distance (D) from the upper axis of the rocket (AY) or equal to the outer radius (R) of said wheel (7). 13. Véhicule selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les plaques 30 flexibles (4, 5) sont orientées de telle sorte que ledit axe de rotation (BY) s'étend dans un plan sensiblement parallèle audit châssis (8).  13. Vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that the flexible plates (4, 5) are oriented such that said axis of rotation (BY) extends in a plane substantially parallel to said frame (8).
FR0655331A 2006-12-05 2006-12-05 RIGID AXLE TYPE REAR AXLE Expired - Fee Related FR2909310B1 (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0834408A1 (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-04-08 The Pullman Company Suspension isolating device
EP1052122A1 (en) * 1998-11-05 2000-11-15 Mazda Motor Corporation Suspension device for car
EP1361084A2 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-12 Sistemi Sospensioni S.p.A. Mounting structure for a wheel carrier of a motor vehicle
EP1527911A1 (en) * 2003-10-28 2005-05-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles S.A. Semi-deformable rear suspension with longitudinal flexibility
EP1612068A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2006-01-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Vehicle axle with longitudinal elasticity limited by a stop device
WO2006061383A1 (en) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-15 Sistemi Sospensioni S.P.A. Independent suspension for a motor vehicle

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0834408A1 (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-04-08 The Pullman Company Suspension isolating device
EP1052122A1 (en) * 1998-11-05 2000-11-15 Mazda Motor Corporation Suspension device for car
EP1361084A2 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-12 Sistemi Sospensioni S.p.A. Mounting structure for a wheel carrier of a motor vehicle
EP1527911A1 (en) * 2003-10-28 2005-05-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles S.A. Semi-deformable rear suspension with longitudinal flexibility
EP1612068A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2006-01-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA Vehicle axle with longitudinal elasticity limited by a stop device
WO2006061383A1 (en) * 2004-12-09 2006-06-15 Sistemi Sospensioni S.P.A. Independent suspension for a motor vehicle

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