FR2899918A1 - Mobile pathogen analysis laboratory, transportable to contaminated locations, comprises chamber containing sealed, depressurized analysis zone, providing high level of safety - Google Patents

Abstract

In a laboratory (1) formed by a transportable container defining a base chamber, the interior of the chamber is isolated from the exterior by a sealed box (5) inserted in the chamber and having a sealed, depressurized pathogen analysis zone (50d). Independent claims are included for: (1) a mobile radiological, chemical and/or biological identification unit consisting of a laboratory (1) as above (where the exterior interface (10) of the base wall includes connections (60a, 60b, 60c) to sources of electrical energy, air and water) and an independent server module (7) provided with an electrical generator (7a), air compressor and/or vacuum pump (7b) and water treatment device (7c); and (2) an autonomous mobile radiological, chemical and/or biological identification combination, consisting of the laboratory and a vehicle.

Description

Description The present invention relates to a mobile laboratory for

pathogen analysis.

  It concerns the technical field of mobile laboratories that can be quickly transported to a contaminated site for the rapid detection and identification of pathogens. In particular, it concerns mobile high security containment laboratories for handling highly pathogenic radiological, chemical or biological agents for the individual and the community.

  Contamination of individuals and communities by toxic agents, contaminants or pathogens is a real risk. Indeed, large-scale industrial accidents involving harmful substances have already taken place: AZF factory (France, 2001), Jiln factory (China, 2005), etc. Also, terrorist attacks can take various forms and sometimes chemical toxins or deadly pathogens are used against the population. In addition to nuclear attacks, the most frequently mentioned biological or chemical agents are Anthrax (contaminated envelopes in the USA and Europe, 2001), smallpox, plague, cholera, tularemia, botulism, Ebola, SARS or gas Sarin (Tokyo subway, 1995), cyanide (tea leaves from Sri Lanka, 1985), mercury (citrus fruits from Israel, 1970) Soman, Tabun, etc.30

  Pathogens are classified according to their risk to health. In particular, their virulence, infectious dose, mode of transmission, host range, incubation and availability of preventive measures and treatments are considered. Generally four levels of risk are defined: - Risk group 1: low risk for the person and low for the community; - Risk Group 2: Moderate risk for the person, low for the community; -Group of risk 3: high risk for the person, low for the community; - Risk Group 4: high risk for the person, high for the community. Pathogens in this group are usually mentioned for bioterrorist attacks and for which no treatment or vaccine is available.

  The manipulation of pathogens must be carried out in analytical laboratories whose level of containment is defined according to the level of risks defined previously.

  In France, the Decree of 13 August 1996 classifies laboratories into four levels: - L1: basic laboratory for handling non-pathogenic agents (risk group 1); - L2: basic laboratory for handling low pathogenic agents (risk group 2); - L3: containment laboratory for the handling of highly pathogenic biological agents for the individual and low pathogen at the community level (risk group 3); L4: High security containment laboratory for the handling of highly pathogenic agents for the individual and the community (risk group 4).

  In the event of an industrial accident or a terrorist attack, whatever the pathogenic agent involved, it is necessary to take emergency measures as soon as the first outbreaks of infection appear. In particular, it is essential to quickly diagnose the pathogens in question so that the authorities can quickly implement preventive measures and save lives. Generally, a team of specialists takes samples (water, gas, debris, animals, skin samples, ...) on the contaminated area. These samples are then packaged and transported by a specialized vehicle to a hospital center equipped with an L4 type analysis laboratory to maintain a maximum level of safety until the identification of pathogens. Once the diagnosis is made, the information on the nature of the risk is transmitted to the competent authorities who take the appropriate measures. The specialized vehicles carrying the samples are at best equipped with an L3 biological safety cabinet, no diagnosis can be made within the same vehicle. In addition, there are very few centers with an L4-type laboratory, so the time it takes to transport samples from the contaminated area to the laboratory may take several hours. This period of time between the collection of samples and the transmission of information on the nature of the risk to the competent authorities is therefore not optimal, which is particularly detrimental to the spread of the pathogens and the contamination. a growing number of individuals.

  The present invention aims to remedy this state of affairs, particularly because it allows to carry out directly on the contaminated area a first analysis of pathogens in order to transmit as soon as possible information on the risks incurred . -4

  When in operation, the military usually uses transportable mobile containers per vehicle to carry technical equipment. Patent FR 2,821,869 (ALSTOM) discloses a transportable mobile container defining a base room and comprising at least one deployable wall to form an annex. This type of container is particularly advantageous because during its transport by vehicle, its footprint is limited to that of the base room and when deployed in the field, it offers more space available.

  However, transportable mobile containers are not suitable for handling pathogens because they do not have sufficient containment.

  An object of the invention is to adapt transportable mobile containers and in particular those of the type described in patent FR 2,821,869 (ALSTOM) in order to safely perform a first analysis of pathogens directly on the zone. contaminated. The invention also aims to provide a transportable mobile laboratory for handling highly pathogenic agents for the individual and the community (laboratory type L4). The invention also aims to provide a mobile laboratory of simple design and quickly operational on the contaminated area. Another object of the invention is to provide a mobile radiological identification unit and / or biological and / or chemical capable of operating autonomously on contaminated areas. Another object of the invention is to provide an autonomous set of radiological and / or biological and / or chemical identification, easily transportable on all types of contaminated areas.

  The subject of the invention is therefore a laboratory formed of a transportable mobile container defining a basic room, characterized by the fact that

  the interior space of said room is isolated from the outside by means of a sealed box inserted in said room, said box having a sealed zone for the analysis of pathogens arranged with a depressurization device. The characteristics claimed make it possible to confine the analysis zone perfectly and prevent pathogens from freely emerging from the latter.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the zone for the analysis of pathogens is only accessible by a sealed airlock arranged with a pressure device intended to maintain a positive pressure gradient between said airlock and said zone (Psas to Pzone). analysis> 0). Given this pressure gradient, when the personnel enters the analysis zone via the airlock, the air circulates one way to said zone, which helps to improve the retention of pathogens.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to optimize the retention of pathogens in the analysis zone, the depressurization device is set to maintain said zone at a negative pressure of between -20 Pa and -80 Pa and the device pressure is set to maintain the airlock at a negative pressure of -10 Pa to -30 Pa.

  According to a preferred feature of the invention ensuring optimum safety, the waterproof case comprises a first lock of protective equipment, a second airlock inlet / outlet, a third waterproof shelter decontamination shower arranged with a pressure device the area for pathogen analysis being only accessible by said third chamber. In an alternative embodiment, the watertight housing comprises a first lock of protective equipment, a second sealed airlock arranged with a pressure device, a third sealed airlock output

  comprising a decontamination shower arranged with a pressure device, the zone for the analysis of pathogens being only accessible by said second airlock.

  According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, a R.T P.C.R. (Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) is arranged in the area for pathogen analysis so that staff can select and multiply an identifiable gene or chain portion of DNA or RNA for identify the most common pathogens and diagnose the risk in less than two hours. A P.C.R. analysis device (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is also intended to select and multiply an identifiable gene or chain portion of DNA or RNA. This device makes it possible to identify unknown pathogens in less than seventy-two hours.

  According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the zone for the analysis of pathogens comprises an observation window making it possible to see the interior of said zone from outside said zone, so that personnel can control the personnel working in the analysis area and take all necessary measures in case of incidents.

  According to a preferred feature of the invention, the depressurization device arranged with the zone for the analysis of pathogens is an air extractor combined with HEPA filters. According to another preferred feature of the invention, the container comprises at least one deployable wall forming an annex to the area for the analysis of pathogens so as to have a laboratory of about 30 m, which is sufficient space to work in good conditions. 30

  According to an advantageous feature of the invention facilitating the deployment of the laboratory, gable panels and roof and floor panels are movably mounted in the base room between a folded position where they are stored in said base room and a deployed position where they partition the annex. Preferably the gable panels are pivotally mounted about a vertical axis fixed on the structure of the base room or on the side walls and the roof and floor panels are pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis fixed on the structure of the room. base or on the side walls.

  According to a preferred feature of the invention making it possible to make the laboratory rapidly operational, an external interface is disposed on a wall of the base room, said interface comprising means of connection to sources of electrical energy, air and energy. water.

  Another aspect of the invention relates to a mobile radiological and / or biological and / or chemical identification unit constituted by the combination of the mobile laboratory object of the invention equipped with the external interface defined above and a independent servicing module equipped with a generator, an air compressor and / or a vacuum pump and a water treatment device. The laboratory according to the invention can thus operate completely autonomously on the contaminated areas.

  According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention making it possible to quickly and easily connect the laboratory to the service module, without having to make complex connections, said service module comprises an interface connected to the generator, to the air compressor and / or to the vacuum pump and the water treatment device and comprising connecting means intended to be connected to the laboratory interface.

  Yet another aspect of the invention relates to an autonomous assembly of radiological and / or biological and / or chemical identification, constituted by the combination of a vehicle in which the laboratory according to the invention is arranged.

  Other advantages and features of the invention will appear better on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, made by way of indicative and non-limiting examples and in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of a deployable container; FIG. 2a is a schematic view in horizontal section of the container of FIG. 1 in deployed position; FIG. 2b is a schematic view in horizontal section of the container of FIG. 1 in the folded position; FIG. 2c is a diagrammatic view; in vertical section of the container of Figure 1 in the deployed position, - Figure 2b is a schematic vertical sectional view of the container of Figure 1 in the folded position, - Figure 3a is a schematic horizontal sectional view of the laboratory 20 object of the invention in the deployed position and arranged with its servitude module, - Figure 3b is a schematic horizontal sectional view of the laboratory object of the invention in the deployed position and arranged with its servitude module in an alternative embodiment, - Figure 4 is a schematic view of the mobile assembly object of the invention.

  The laboratory object of the invention is designed to rapidly intervene in areas contaminated by biological, chemical or radioactive agents, whether in the context of a terrorist attack or an industrial accident and to carry out directly on the zone. contaminated a first

  pathogen analysis to inform the relevant authorities in real time to quickly make the necessary decisions regarding emergency medical and decontamination measures to be put in place. Samples taken will then be transported to specialized laboratories for further detailed analysis.

  To achieve the external structure of the laboratory object of the invention is used a transportable mobile container, that is to say a container usually used for the transport of equipment or merchandise and able to be fixed temporarily or permanently on the trailer of a truck.

  Referring to Figure 1, there is used a 20 foot container formed of a roof la, a floor lb, a rear wall 1c and a front wall 1d provided with a 1'd door. These four elements are fixed together, possibly via a frame 2 and determine a base room 10 having a fixed size (Figures 2a to 2d). Referring to Figures 1, 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d, two walls 3a and 3b are deployably mounted to form two extensions 30a and 30b to the base room 10. When the walls 3a and 3b are in the folded position (Figure 2b) , the bulk of the container is limited to the bulk of the base room 10. When the walls 3a and 3b are in the deployed position (Figure 2a), the size of the container is increased by the size of the two annexes 30a and 3b to have a total usable surface of about 30 m. The two annexes 30a and 30b are respectively accessible by gates 30'a and 30'b.

  According to a preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1, the two side walls 3a and 3b of the base room 10 are mounted to move in translation through guide means 4. The guide means used may be guide bars fixed on the walls 3a and 3b and - 10-

  sliding in raceways arranged at roof level 1a and / or floor 1b. Any other equivalent guiding means may be used. The deployment of the walls 3a and 3b can be performed manually, but the guide means 4 are advantageously coupled to a motorization of known type.

  Referring to the accompanying figures, once the walls 3a and 3b are in the deployed position, closing means are provided for partitioning the annexes 30a and 30b.

  Referring more particularly to FIGS. 2a and 2b, for partitioning the front and rear walls of the annexes 30a and 30b, gable panels 3c mounted movably in the base room 10 are preferably used between a folded position where they are stored in said base unit (Figure 2a) and an extended position where they partition said annexes when the walls 3a and 3b are themselves deployed (Figure 2b). According to a preferred embodiment, the gable panels 3c are pivotally mounted about a vertical axis fixed on the structure of the base room 10 or on the structure of the walls 3a and 3b. Referring more particularly to Figures 2c and 2d, for closing the roof and the floor of Annexes 30a and 30b, it is preferentially used roof and floor panels 3d movably mounted in the base room 10, between a folded position where they are stored in said base room (Figure 2c) and an extended position where they partition said annexes when the walls 3a and 3b are themselves deployed (Figure 2c). According to a preferred embodiment, the roof and floor boards 3d are pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis fixed on the structure of the base room 10 or on the structure of the walls 3a and 3b. The deployment of the container is then very quickly: after deploying the two walls 3a and 3b, it is sufficient to rotate around their respective axis first the roof panels and floor 3d and the panels -11-

  gears 3c, a device for temporarily holding the various panels is provided.

  In an alternative embodiment not shown, the closing means for partitioning the annexes 30a and 30b are sealed tarpaulins attached to the structure of the base room 10 and to the structure of the walls 3a and 3b so that said tarpaulins automatically put in place when said walls are deployed.

  Referring to Figures 3a and 3b, the interior space of the base room 10 is isolated from the outside through a sealed box 5 inserted in said room. The casing 5 is advantageously made from a molded piece of hollow parallelepiped shape, without right angles and parts inaccessible for cleaning. The box 5 may also be formed of clean room panels joined together according to the characteristics of laboratories type L4.

  The casing 5 comprises a zone for the analysis of pathogens 5d, 50d of approximately 9 m, arranged with a depressurization device so as to maintain the interior of said zone under negative pressure relative to the external environment. An alarm system is provided to detect any unacceptable change in pressure. The depressurizing device is preferably an air extractor combined with HEPA filters. For example, a discharge fan coupled with a backup fan is used. Any other equivalent depressurizing device may be used. Because of the pressure gradient existing between the external environment and the analysis zone 5d, 50d, no pathogen suspended in the air can exit freely from said zone. -12-

  The air entering the analysis zone 5d, 50d, is conditioned and treated by passing on HEPA filters mounted in series with prior filters.

  A device for decontaminating the effluents extracted from said box is provided to prevent any release of pathogens in the external environment. For the treatment of wastewater and body fluids, heat and / or chemical agents of the Sanytex type are used as the means of action. Solid waste (consumables, pipettes, culture media, protective clothing, etc.) are decontaminated through autoclaves or incinerators.

  An automatic FM200 fire detection and suppression system is provided in the area for the analysis of pathogens 5d, 50d. The detection is performed by smoke and temperature sensors placed on the ceiling of the whole area for the analysis of pathogens 5d, 50d. Manual-operated emergency fire extinguishers are also easily accessible to staff.

  The box 5 is also equipped with a reserve of hot and cold water of about 2 m3 arranged with a water booster.

  According to a first embodiment shown in FIG. 3a, the casing 5 advantageously consists of: a first lock of protective equipment 5a in which the staff wears a protective garment consisting of an integral combination and a diving suit. This first chamber is accessible from the outside by a door 5'a sealed equipped with a closed closure system type badge. A pictogram is provided on the door 5'a to indicate the biological danger. The first airlock 5a is preferably arranged with a pressure device for maintaining a positive pressure gradient between the external environment and said airlock (outside - first airlock> 0). In a mode -13-

  preferred embodiment, the first airlock 5a is maintained at a negative pressure of between -10 Pa and -20 Pa. - a second sealed entry / exit airlock 5b serving as a transition between the first airlock equipment lock 5a protection and the third 5c decontamination shower enclosure. This second airlock 5b is accessible from the first airlock 5a by a sealed 5'b door equipped with a closed closure system of the badge type. The second inlet / outlet airlock 5b is preferably arranged with a pressure device intended to maintain a positive pressure gradient between the first airlock 5a and said second airlock (Ppremier sas û Pseoond sas> 0).

  Advantageously, the second airlock 5b is maintained at a negative pressure of between -10 Pa and -20 Pa. - a third airlock 5c, single access to the analysis zone 5d. This third chamber is accessible from the second chamber 5a by a door 5'c sealed equipped with a closed closure system type badge. The third airlock 5c is arranged with a pressure device for maintaining a positive pressure gradient between said third airlock 5c and the analysis zone 5d (PIIIth chamber to the analysis zone> 0). Due to this positive pressure gradient, the pathogens manipulated in the analysis zone 5d and suspended in the air can not freely exit through the third chamber 5c. The pressure device is of the type known to those skilled in the art. the area for the analysis of pathogens 5d accessible only by a sealed 5'd door equipped with a closed closure system of the badge type.

  Advantageously, the analysis zone 5d is maintained at a pressure of between -20 Pa and -80 Pa, preferably -60 Pa and the third lock 5c is maintained at a pressure between -10 Pa and -30 Pa, preferably -20 Pa Pa. In an alternative embodiment, the third chamber 5c is maintained at a pressure of between +20 Pa and +80 Pa, preferably +60 Pa.

  According to a second embodiment shown in FIG. 3b, the casing 5 advantageously consists of: a first lock of protective equipment 50a in which the staff wears a protective garment consisting of an integral combination and a diving suit. This first chamber is accessible from the outside by a 50'a waterproof door equipped with a closed closure system of the badge type. A pictogram is provided on the door 50'a to indicate the biological danger. The first airlock 50a is preferably arranged with a pressure device for maintaining a positive pressure gradient between the external environment and said airlock (outside - Ppremler sas> 0). In a preferred embodiment, the first airlock 50a is maintained at a negative pressure between -10 Pa and -20 Pa. - a second sealed airlock 50b input, single access to the analysis zone 50d . This second chamber is accessible from the first airlock 50a by a sealed 50'b door equipped with a closed closure system of the badge type. The second airlock 50b is arranged with a pressure device intended to maintain a positive pressure gradient between said second airlock 50b and the analysis zone 50d (Psecond sas analysis zone> 0) and advantageously between the first airlock 50a and said second airlock (Ppremier sas û Psecond sas> 0). Due to this positive pressure gradient, pathogens manipulated in the analysis zone 50d and suspended in air can not freely exit through said second airlock. The pressure device is of the type known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, the second lock 50b is maintained at a pressure between -10 Pa and -30 Pa, preferably -20 Pa. In an alternative embodiment, the second lock 50b is maintained at a pressure of between +20 Pa and +80 Pa , preferably +60 Pa. - of the area for pathogen analysis 50d accessible only by a sealed 50'd door equipped with a badge-type controlled closure system. Advantageously, the analysis zone 50d is maintained at a pressure of between -20 Pa and -80 Pa, preferably -60 Pa.

  a third sealed airlock 50c output, single output of the analysis zone 50d. This third chamber is accessible from the analysis zone 50d via a sealed door 50 "equipped with a closed closure system of the badge type and communicates with the first airlock 50a The third chamber 50c is arranged with a device pressure device for maintaining a positive pressure gradient between said third airlock 50c and the analysis zone 50d (third chamber-analysis zone> 0) and advantageously between the first airlock 50a and said third airlock (Ppremier sas ù Psecond sas As a result of this positive pressure gradient, the pathogens manipulated in the analysis zone 50d and in suspension in the air can not exit freely through said third chamber. Those skilled in the art Advantageously, the third chamber 50c is maintained at a pressure of between -10 Pa and -30 Pa, preferably -20 Pa. In an alternative embodiment, the third chamber 50c is maintained at a pressure between +20 Pa and +80 Pa, preferably +60 Pa.

  The third airlock 5c, 50c, is advantageously equipped with a shower to decontaminate personnel when it leaves the area for the analysis of pathogens 5d, 50d. As soon as personnel leave the area for pathogen analysis 5d, 50d and enter the third chamber 5c, 50c, it closes the door 5'd, 50 "d, and the decontamination shower is automatically started for about 4 minutes to sprinkle the staff with a chlorine-based decontaminant solution The decontamination shower is followed by a 2-minute rinsing shower.

  According to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3a, at the exit of the shower, the personnel enters the second airlock 5b, removes its protective clothing and incinerates the latter through an incinerator provided for this purpose . An autoclave can also be used in an equivalent way. When personnel leave the third airlock 5c to enter the area for 5d pathogen analysis, the shower can

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  automatically turn on for one minute when the 5'd door is closed. This decontamination ensures the decontamination of the air that has entered the third chamber 5c.

  According to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3b, at the exit of the shower, the personnel enters the first lock of protective equipment 50a by a sealed door 50'c, removes its protective clothing and incinerates the latter by through an incinerator provided for this purpose. An autoclave can also be used in an equivalent way.

  The area for pathogen analysis 5d, 50d, is equipped with a pressurized air supply suitable for scuba work. It is in this case a laboratory microbiological safety level L4 scuba. When personnel are connected to this supply, the entire protective clothing is in positive pressure relative to the area for the analysis of pathogens 5d, 50d, so that in case of accidental tearing, air out of said garment and prevents pathogens from coming into contact with the individual. The pressurized air supply for scuba work is carried out by means of a compressor provided for this purpose, but pressurized breathable air rescue cylinders are provided in the area for the analysis of pathogens 5d. , 50d.

  Staff located outside the Area for Pathogen Analysis 5d, 50d, are in constant communication with personnel within the area for pathogen analysis through microphones arranged in the suits and activated by the voice and which leave the hands free. Other equivalent means of communication may be used such as intercoms, telephone, satellite phone jacks, fax machine, network computer, etc.

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  These means of communication are preferably coupled to means of remote diagnosis and / or retransmission of data and / or video imagery to transmit information as quickly as possible to the competent authorities. Advantageously, the transmission of data is done in real time by a satellite system to allow rapid decision-making authorities. An observation window 56 is disposed on one of the walls of the box 5 so that the personnel located in the annex 30a can continuously observe the personnel located in the area for the analysis of pathogens 5d, 50d. An equivalent system of video can also be used. In the event of an accident, rescue personnel can break observation window 56 to quickly intervene in the area for pathogen analysis 5d, 50d. The observation window 56 is of the impervious type, resistant to high pressure gradients. An inflation seal consisting of a membrane into which pressurized air is injected, is disposed around the window 56 to form a seal. The removal of the observation window 56 during the establishment of the laboratory object of the invention allows to enter (and exit) the equipment used in the area for the analysis of pathogens 5d, 50d.

  Referring to Figures 3a and 3b, the area for pathogen analysis 5d, 50d, is equipped with a glove box 51 accessible via a sealed transfer lock 52. The glove box 51 is coupled to a microbiological safety station 53 with laminar flow hood (type III). A bench 54 is equipped with a 002 incubator, a microscope, a refrigerator, a double-entry autoclave, sinks whose faucets are manoeuvrable without the hands, a water-bath and small bowls. basic materials (vortex, automatic pipettes, ...). An analytical device R.T.P.C.R. (Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) 55 is also intended to select and multiply a gene or - 18 -

  an identifiable chain fraction of DNA or RNA. This device makes it possible to identify in less than two hours the most common pathogens. A P.C.R. analysis device (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is also intended to select and multiply an identifiable gene or chain portion of DNA or RNA. This device makes it possible to identify unknown pathogens in less than seventy-two hours.

  Annexes 30a and 30b comprise radiological and chemical detection means: flame photometry detectors 31, fixed or mobile mass spectrometer 32, detection apparatus 33 on the biological and / or chemical and / or radiological risk, coupled weather station 34 computer software for processing data, for calculating and predicting the propagation of zones contaminated by chemical agents, a radiation survey meter 35, a chemical warfare toxic detector 36, etc.

  According to an advantageous embodiment, the annexes 30a and 30b are arranged with a pressure device intended to maintain a positive pressure gradient between the external environment and said annexes (outside the Annex> 0). Preferably, the annexes 30a and 30b are maintained at a negative pressure of between -10 Pa and -20 Pa.

  Referring to Figures 3a and 3b, an independent servitude module 7 provides electrical energy, water and air laboratory 1 object of the invention. The combination of laboratory 1 and service module 7 constitutes a mobile radiological and / or biological and / or chemical identification unit operating completely autonomously and being able to easily be deployed on the contaminated area. The service module 7 is a transportable mobile container equipped with a generator 7a, an air compressor and / or a vacuum pump 7b and a water treatment device 7c by osmosis reverse. Although a backup power supply system is integrated

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  in the laboratory 1, a second generator and a second air compressor are preferably provided in the service module 7. Access to the service module 7 is via a sealed door 7d equipped with a closed closure system of the badge type.

  An external interface 60 is disposed on a wall of the laboratory base 1 so as to be able to quickly connect the latter to the service module 7. The interface 60 comprises connection means 60a, 60b, 60c to the generator 7a, the air compressor and / or the vacuum pump 7b and the water treatment device 7c, type quick couplings known to those skilled in the art. Equivalently, the service module 7 comprises an interface 70 connected to the generator 7a, to the air compressor and / or to the vacuum pump 7b and to the water treatment device 7c, and comprising connection means. 70a, 70b, 70c intended to be respectively connected to the connection means 60a, 60b, 60c of the interface 60 of the laboratory object of the invention. The connection between the service module 7 and the laboratory 1 is thus done very quickly by simply connecting the different connection means of the interfaces 60 and 70, for example by using quick connectors for the connection of water and water pipes. air and sockets for the connection of electric cables.

  The laboratory 1 object of the invention is intended for the actors of rescue operations, army, civil protection, firefighters and more particularly to the sectors of defense, security, health surveillance in the case of epidemiological studies , the chemical and petroleum industry. It allows for example to identify chemical warfare or industrial toxicants by mass spectrometry and NIST database, to determine areas of danger for the population thanks to integrated weather station and data processing software, to identify in less than two

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  hours by method P.C.R. pathogenic germs that can potentially be used by bioterrorists or carry out epidemiological field studies of viruses that can cause pandemics.

  Referring to Figure 4, the laboratory 1 object of the invention and the service module 7 are arranged to be transported in a vehicle 8 4x4 type. The laboratory 1 and the service module 7 are mounted removably or in a fixed manner on a trailer 8a of the vehicle 8. In an alternative embodiment, the vehicle 8 comprises a cell in which is fixedly fixed the laboratory object of the 'invention. This laboratory may further comprise a confined area equipped with a half-suit for the handling of highly pathogenic germs classified L4. This combination forms an autonomous set of radiological and / or biological and / or chemical identification that can rapidly reach any type of contaminated area.

  A mobile robot implemented from the vehicle can, by means of a remote control system, take samples or transport radiological or chemical sensors at a distance of 2 to 3 km.

Claims (16)

claims   Laboratory (1) formed of a transportable mobile container defining a base room (10), characterized in that the interior space of said room is isolated from the outside by means of a watertight box ( 5) inserted in said room, said box comprising a sealed zone for the analysis of pathogens (5d, 50d) arranged with a depressurization device.   2. Laboratory according to claim 1, characterized in that the container comprises at least one wall (3a, 3b) deployable forming an annex (30a, 30b) to the area for the analysis of pathogens (5d).   3. Laboratory according to claim 2, characterized in that gable panels (3c) and roof panels and floor (3d) are movably mounted in the base room (10) between a folded position where they are stored in said base room and an extended position where they partition the annex (30a, 30b).   4. Laboratory according to claim 3, characterized in that the pinion panels (3c) are pivotally mounted about a vertical axis fixed on the structure of the base room (10) or on the side walls (3a, 3b). .   5. Laboratory according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the roof panels and floor (3d) are pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis fixed on the structure of the base room (10) or on the side walls (3a, 3b). -22-   6. Laboratory according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the area for the analysis of pathogens (5d, 50d) is only accessible by a sealed airlock (50b, 5c) arranged with a pressure device intended to maintain a positive pressure gradient between said airlock and said zone.   7. Laboratory according to claim 6, characterized in that the depressurizing device is set to maintain the zone for the analysis of pathogens (5d, 50d) at a negative pressure between -20 Pa and -80 Pa and the pressure device is set to maintain the airlock (50b, 5c) at a negative pressure of between -10 Pa and -30 Pa.   8. Laboratory according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water chamber (5) comprises a first lock of protective equipment (5a), a second airlock input / output (5b), a third decontamination waterproof shower enclosure (5c) arranged with a pressure device, the zone for the analysis of pathogens (5d) being only accessible by said third chamber.   9. Laboratory according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that the waterproof case (5) comprises a first lock of protective equipment (50a), a second sealed airlock (50b) arranged with a pressure device, a third output sealed airlock comprising a decontamination shower (50c) arranged with a pressure device, the area for the pathogen analysis (50d) being only accessible by said second airlock.   10. Laboratory according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a R.T. P.C.R. (55) and a P.C.R. (55 ') is arranged in the area for the analysis of pathogens (5d, 50d).   11. Laboratory according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the area for the analysis of pathogens (5d, 50d) comprises an observation window (56) for viewing the interior of said area. from outside the said area.   12. Laboratory according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the depressurization device arranged with the zone for the analysis of pathogens (5d, 50d) is an air extractor combined with HEPA filters.   13. Laboratory according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an outer interface (60) is disposed on a wall of the base room (10), said interface comprising connecting means (60a, 60b, 60c ) to sources of electrical energy (7a), air (7b) and water (7c).   Mobile radiological identification unit and / or biological and / or chemical, characterized in that it is constituted by the combination of the laboratory (1) according to claim 13 and a servitude module (7). independent equipped with a generator (7a), an air compressor and / or a vacuum pump (7b) and a water treatment device (7c).   Mobile unit according to Claim 14, characterized in that the service module (7) has an interface (70) connected to the generator (7a), to the air compressor and / or to the vacuum pump ( 7b) and the water treatment device (7c) and having connection means (70a, 70b, 70c) for connection to the interface (60) of the laboratory (1).   16. Autonomous assembly of radiological and / or biological and / or chemical identification, characterized in that it is constituted by the combination of a vehicle (8) with the laboratory (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 13.