FR2890157A1 - Air temperature modifying installation for e.g. dwelling premises, has vertical trench constituted by assembly of plates and comprising upper part and lower part, where upper part is equipped with cover permeable to air - Google Patents

Abstract

The installation has a vertical trench (10) comprising an upper part and a lower part, where the trench is constituted by an assembly of plates (1). The upper part is equipped with a cover (3) permeable to air, and the lower part comprises a set of orifices communicating with buried pipes (11) in a sealed manner and equipped with joints. A ventilator circulates air until dwelling premises serviced by the installation.

Description

The invention essentially relates to installations intended for

  to improve the thermal comfort of residential premises, office space, industrial or recreational activities. It also relates to the products and components allowing the realization of such installations and more particularly the glances

  Modular modules that allow to realize such installations in optimal economic conditions while giving them significantly improved performances. The invention finds preferential applications in improving the thermal comfort of individual homes but may also apply to collective premises, medical or not. The installations according to the invention are intended to improve the temperature and hygrometry of the air distributed in the premises, with the lowest possible energy expenditure. The installations according to the invention will advantageously be used for the preheating and the frost and humidity freezing of the living quarters in winter and for the cooling of these same premises in summer.

  Controlling the temperatures and hygrometry rates of fresh air flows introduced into the premises becomes even more important that the use of double-glazed windows and insulated joinery implies the need to renew the air of these premises by mechanized devices, known as Controlled Mechanical Ventilation.

  It is known to cool or preheat the air renewal of residential premises, by means of heating or air conditioning. It is also known to use so-called dual flow ventilation devices, in which the calories contained in the extracted air are transmitted, for example by means of an exchanger, to the flow of fresh air introduced into the premises. In many applications, it is possible to address all the needs relating to the thermal and hygrometric comfort of the premises by treating the renewed air flow; in this case we speak of a heating system and / or air conditioning, especially qualified systems "all fresh air".

  Finally, it is known to use Canadian wells, also known as Californian wells or Provençal wells to improve the temperatures at which the flow of fresh air is introduced into the premises. This technique consists of passing air through buried pipes at a depth sufficient for this air to be relatively temperate in winter and relatively cool in summer. If we take the precaution of providing sufficiently long passage lengths, we obtain with this solution a very significant contribution to the perceived comfort and energy balance of the premises. These installations are based on the circulation of air in buried pipes at depths sufficient to benefit from the thermal inertia of the soil. However, they have the disadvantage of requiring long lengths of buried pipes, said pipes being difficult to access and therefore difficult to monitor and maintain. In Canadian wells known to date, the passage of air with a high hygrometry can cause condensation in the buried pipes, which causes significant difficulties in evacuation of water from this condensation. This evacuation is all the more necessary as the passage of air to be introduced into the premises in a humid atmosphere can cause nuisance.

  According to known technologies, the Canadian well-type installations include one or more buried tubes opening at one end in the living quarters and at the other end out of the ground. This type of embodiment has the disadvantage of making it difficult to monitor and clean the buried pipes and to prevent the production of condensation water discharge devices that can be deposited at the low points of the circuit in which the water circulates. air.

  Canadian well facilities have been proposed using concrete manholes, similar to those used for road works in the building or public works. In addition to the fact that they are very heavy and difficult to handle, these eyes do not allow the achievement of a satisfactory seal at the junctions between the pipes and the wall of said look.

  To solve these difficulties and obtain optimum performance, the invention proposes to use specific looks, constituted by the assembly of a plurality of modular elements of molded plastic materials. The dimensions of the unit plates, identical to each other, will be of the order of 600 x 600 mm and their thickness will be close to 30 mm. The method of assembling the plates together will, on the one hand, give the look obtained after assembly a rigidity sufficient to withstand the pressure of the earth which will be placed on the periphery of the structure when the trench is being filled in. the end of which will be placed said gaze and secondly to achieve a perfect seal to said gaze not only with respect to the ground but also vis-à-vis possible water infiltration. These specific looks will have the shape of a tower, preferably of square section; they will be placed in such a way that they will comprise a buried part, which will be provided with orifices allowing a tight connection between the wall of the manhole and pipes opening to the inside of said manhole and an emergent part, provided with a stage. filtration and a breathable lid. Preferably, the buried part will represent three quarters of the height of the look while the emerging part will represent the remaining quarter. The manholes may be equipped with devices for discharging condensation water may form in the pipes and flow from said pipes to the inside of said manholes.

  In a simple embodiment of an installation according to the invention, a trench of appropriate dimensions will be made at the end of which a specific look will be placed provided with a cover that is watertight and permeable to water. air and a filter in the upper part and two holes in the lower part. The two holes in the lower part will be provided with seals and flexible or rigid pipes will be placed at the bottom of the trench; preferably, a waterproof film will be placed below the pipes, prior to the establishment of the pipes. Particularly advantageously, a feed material, humus type, that is to say a potting soil may contain more than 10 times its weight in water will be placed in the bottom of the trench around and in close proximity to the pipes. The remainder of the trench will be filled with the land originally extracted, so that the eye will emerge above the natural ground level by a height approximately equal to one quarter of the total height of the eye, ie 60 cm in the preferred case of a look of height 2 m 40 off cover.

  In a preferred embodiment, the installation will include two views, namely an entrance look and an exit view. The entrance gaze will consist of a gaze of square section and height approximately 2 m 40 of which about 60 cm above ground level and about 180 cm buried below this level. Under these conditions, buried pipelines will be located at a depth of about 160 cm. They will emerge, for example after a journey to about 25 m underground, in a second look called exit look. Preferably, this second look will be placed in the immediate vicinity and outside the treated premises. It will receive in the lower part the ends of the buried pipes coming from the initial view and will be provided in its middle part or superior of an outlet pipe, which will cross a wall of the room so as to direct the air treated by the installation to the interior of said room. This outlet can also include an external air sampling compartment, for example consisting of a watertight and breathable cover and comparable to that fitted to the entry and exit eyes. a manual or motorized valve; this configuration will make it possible to produce a device for night-time ventilation and to regulate the intake of renewal air, inputs that may come either exclusively from the air that has traveled through the buried pipes, or exclusively from the outside or else from mixtures in different proportions. between these two sources, a mixture that can be made according to the indoor temperature, the outside temperature and the demand for comfort of the premises.

  The plants according to the invention are intended to modify the temperature of the air introduced into a room; they are particularly characterized in that they comprise a vertical look partially but not completely buried, said look comprising on the one hand an emerging upper part, said emerging upper part being provided with at least one breathable cover, d a device for capturing and evacuating moisture contained in the outside air and a filtering device and in that said sight also has a buried lower part comprising a plurality of orifices, the said orifices communicating in sealed manner with buried tubes in which appropriate means circulate air to the living space served by the installation.

  s The device for capturing and evacuating the moisture contained in the outside air may be of the mist eliminator type. In this case, it will be constituted by a cold plate or a braided metal fabric placed between the air inlet grille and the filter and a receptacle for discharging by gravity water collected outside the eyes . This new and claimed as such provision will allow to solve at the source, by reducing the hygrometry of the air passing through the buried pipelines, one of the main difficulties inherent in the technology of Canadian wells, namely the risk of occurrence. condensation phenomena inside the buried pipes.

  The installations are also remarkable in that the look is made of a rigid and light material, has a square section and a parallelepipedal shape and that it consists of an assembly of plates of polyethylene or other plastic or thermoplastic material of dimensions approximately 600 x 600 mm to a thickness of about 30 mm arranged between them so as to achieve a tight connection not only to the earth and sand but also to water infiltration.

  The plants according to the invention are produced by implanting the eye at the end of a trench of depth equal to about three quarters of the height of said eye, so that the emerging portion of the eye is about a quarter of the height total of the said look.

  Preferably, the watertight orifices placed in the lower part of the vertical view are provided with EPDM seals or other material of the family of elastomers, arranged in such a way that the junction tubes / seals and joints / walls of the eye is sealed not only to soil and sand but also to water infiltration.

  Advantageously, they include at the output a similar look to the input view, said outlet view being provided with sealed openings at the bottom and having an external air intake controlled by a valve-type device.

  In an advantageous embodiment, the base of one of the two manholes will be placed at a substantially greater depth than the other, so that the pipes making the junction between the entry and the exit eyes will present a constant slope from the base of one towards the base of the other.

  This provision will provide a device for evacuation of condensation or seepage water may be at the lowest point of the eye implanted at the most important depth. This evacuation device may be a non-return valve positioned at the lowest hard bottom, or a peristaltic pump or membrane, possibly powered by one or more photovoltaic panels and triggered by a humidity sensor. This device may advantageously be supplemented by a device for capturing and evacuating moisture contained in the outside air, a device of the demister type placed in the initial sight (10) between the air inlet grille (4). and the filter (2). These provisions will prevent the deterioration of the filters and the occurrence of water stagnation phenomena in the pipes traversed by the air introduced into the premises; they thus confer on the installations according to the invention important advantages over the installations known to date.

  In order to reduce the costs of producing the installations according to the invention, it will be possible to choose to place the trench in which the pipes are positioned, in the immediate vicinity of the foundations of the room to be equipped by using, partially or totally, the spaces of comfort provided by earthworks around the foundation works and / or trenches made for the supply of fluids and forces to the equipped premises. In a preferred manner, the trench will have an L shape and will run along two of the four exterior walls of the equipped building, which is compatible, in the case of a single-family house, with the realization of a trench of approximately 25 m long and depth between 1 m50 and 2m corresponding to an economic optimum for the installations according to the invention.

  Finally, the installations will be able to use a low-voltage and direct-current fan which will advantageously be powered by one or more photovoltaic panels. In this case, the photovoltaic panel (s) are placed on the cover of the entrance view of the installation , the fan being placed inside the said look.

  Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will become apparent on reading the following of a preferred embodiment of the invention, given merely by way of indication, and the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 represents an entrance view equipping an installation according to the invention FIGURE 2 represents the same look implanted in the ground.

  FIG. 3 represents an installation according to the invention, an installation comprising a starter, three buried ducts and an outlet sight.

  Figure 1 shows a view (10) consisting of an assembly of unit plates (1), said plates having generally the shape of a square 60 cm side and a thickness of about 3cm. Advantageously, these plates will be made by means of injection molding of polyethylene and will include reinforcing ribs. They will be linked together by clipping, gluing or screwing and will form a sealed tower of constant section. At the upper part of the tower thus formed, a filter (2), preferably of the dihedral filter type, will be placed. Above this filter, there will be placed a lid (3), for example made of stainless steel and fitting tightly on the eye (10). This cover (3) will be provided with one or more air intake grilles (4) and an inclined cover (5). Upstream of the filter (2) with respect to the direction of air circulation, advantageously will be placed a device (9) for eliminating or reducing the humidity contained in the air treated by the installation. This device (9) may be a separator, for example constituted by one or more metal plates inclined towards a collector for discharging water collected outside the eye (10) or, preferably, a woven metal media or nonwoven provided with a device for evacuating the collected water by gravity.

  In the lower part of the eye (10) will be positioned one or more orifices (7) for making a sealed junction with buried pipes. Preferably this seal will be provided by EPDM seals or other materials selected from the family of elastomers.

  Figure 2 illustrates the implementation of a look according to the invention in the field. It can be seen that the look and its location are designed in such a way that the said look has an emerging part, ie visible above the ground level of about a quarter of its total height and a buried part that represents approximately three quarters of this height. This arrangement, which is characteristic of the installations according to the invention, makes it possible to optimize the aeraulic configuration of Canadian well installations by minimizing pressure losses; it has the effect of allowing the use of low power fans to benefit from large airflows. In hot and sunny countries, this configuration makes it possible, for example, to use DC motor fans powered directly or through a battery by photovoltaic cells. In this case, the cover (5) of the cover (3) will be constituted by one or more panels of solar cells exposed to solar radiation and the fan may be placed inside the input view, for example just downstream of the filter (2).

  Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of an installation according to the invention. From an inlet port (10) made by assembling a plurality of plates (1), a plurality of buried pipes (11) are fed. In the illustrated example, we have chosen to represent three pipes (11), but it is obvious that we can choose different amounts of buried pipes. By construction, this quantity will be between 1 and 6 inclusively, knowing that one can easily equip each face of the base of the gaze (10) of 2 orifices (7), and that one can equip a front face and two lateral faces for servicing a trench whose main axis is perpendicular to said front face.

  Preferably, the trench and therefore the pipes placed at the bottom of the latter will have a length of several tens of meters, for example between 20 and 60 m.

  To facilitate the implementation of the facilities, the invention recommends to give the said trench a L-shape, to place it in the immediate vicinity of the foundations of the premises to be equipped and to use for the making of said trench, partially or totally, the spaces of comfort created by the earthworks around the foundation works and / or the trenches realized for the supply of fluids and forces to the equipped premises.

  The pipes (11) will lead into an outlet port (12) through ports (7) equipped with sealing devices similar to those fitted to the inlet port.

  A horizontal wall (16) will be formed in the outlet sight (12), so as to define a compartment that can be placed in communication, either with the air flow from the buried pipes, or with the outside air by intermediate of a cover (18) provided with air inlet, or with a combination in variable proportions of these two streams. The trade-offs between these different possibilities will be made by a manual or motorized damper (17), preferentially placed inside and in the upper part of the gaze (1 2). Preferably, the air will be sucked from the pipe (13). ), itself communicating with the manhole (12) which is connected to the inlet port (10) by the buried pipeline (s) (11) by means of a fan (14) placed inside and preferentially under floor or crawl space premises benefiting from the installation. Alternatively, the fan (14) will be a push fan and will be implanted after the filter (2) within the inlet port (10); in this case, said fan will advantageously be a DC fan, powered by one or more photovoltaic panels for example placed on the cover (5) of the cover (3).

  In any case, the air treated by the installation will finally be distributed and distributed in the room, for example by means of grids (15) floor or skirting boards.

  Descriptions and examples are given for information only and other embodiments may be chosen without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

  - 1 - Installation intended to change the temperature of the air introduced into a room, characterized in that it comprises a vertical view (10) partially but not entirely buried, said view comprising on the one hand an emerging upper part, said emerging upper part being provided with at least one cover (3) permeable to air and a filtering device (2) and on the other hand a buried lower part comprising a plurality of orifices (7), said orifices (7) sealingly communicating with buried tubes in which appropriate means (14) circulate air to the living space served by the installation.   - 2- Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the eye (10) is made of a rigid and light material, has a square section and a parallelepiped shape and that it consists of a plate assembly (1) polyethylene of approximate dimensions 600 x 600 mm to a thickness of about 30 mm arranged between them so as to achieve a tight connection not only to the earth and sand but also to water infiltration.   -3- Installation according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the eye (10) is located at the end of a trench depth equal to about three quarters of the height of said eye (10), so that the emerging portion of the gaze (10) represents about a quarter of the total height of said look.   - 4- Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealed openings (7) placed in the lower part of the vertical view are provided with seals (8) EPDM or other material of the family of elastomers, arranged in such a way that the pipe / joint joints and seals / walls of the eye is waterproof not only to soil and sand but also to water infiltration. he   - 5 - Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at the output a look (12) similar to the inlet view, said outlet view being provided with sealed openings at the bottom and having an external air intake controlled by a valve type device.   - 6- Installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base of one of the two eyes is placed at a substantially greater depth than the other, the pipes forming the junction between the entrance window and the exit aperture having a constant slope lo from the base of one towards the base of the other.   - 7- installation according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a device for discharging condensation water may be at the low point of the eye implanted at the deepest depth, this device being completed by a device (9 ) capturing and evacuating the moisture contained in the outside air, device of the demister type placed in the initial view (10) between the air inlet grille (4) and the filter (2).   - 8 - Installation according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trench in which are placed the pipes has a shape of L, is placed in the immediate vicinity of the foundations of the premises to be equipped and in that it uses, partially or totally, the spaces of comfort created by the earthworks around the foundation works and / or the trenches made for the supply of fluids and forces to the equipped premises.   - 9- Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses a fan (14), powered by one or more photovoltaic panels.   -10- Installation according to claim 9, characterized in that the one or more photovoltaic panels are placed on the cover (5) of the cover (3) of the inlet of the installation, the fan (14) being placed at the inside the said look.