FR2875245A1 - Railway`s rail integration or disintegration device, has slides supported on springs and electrically insulating cases to integrate and disintegrate rail, respectively and driven by synchronous eccentric mechanism having counter weight - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has slides (CO, CO`) comprising longitudinal axes situated in a plane parallel to a support surface of a rail (1) and slanted with respect to a longitudinal axis of the rail. The slides are supported on W-shaped springs to integrate the rail on a corresponding sleeper or supported on electrically insulating cases to disintegrate the rail from the sleeper and are driven by synchronous eccentric mechanism having a counter weight.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for securing or

  to separate the rails from their sleepers equipped with spring clips.

  It is particularly suitable for the realization of fastening devices of railway rails on their sleepers equipped with spring clips by actuation on said spring clips; these same devices also make it possible to release the rails of railway from their sleepers, thanks to a reciprocal actuation on said spring clips.

  In general, it is known that to secure a railway rail on its sleepers previously equipped with spring clips, the current technical response is to push on two springs W-shaped, arranged head to tail on both sides. other of the soul of the rail, which are supported on the one hand on shoulder metal flanges integral with the cross member, and on the other hand on the rail flanges by means of electrically insulating cabs.

  This operation of setting up the two W-shaped springs, on either side of the web of the rail, must be performed simultaneously on said springs, and perpendicularly to the web of the rail.

  Conversely, to separate a railway rail from its sleepers, the current technical response is to separate the two W-shaped springs by acting simultaneously on the two electrically insulating cabochons.

  Two categories of securing and / or uncoupling devices are currently used: - discontinuous displacement devices, continuous displacement devices.

  In both cases, the devices are equipped with carrier rollers in correspondence of shape and spacing with the two rails previously positioned on their sleepers.

  The first solution is to position the device in the vicinity of the pair of spring clips located on the corresponding cross; two jaws are then actuated simultaneously, in a direction transverse to the rail, to bring the two springs on either side of the web of the rail; said jaws are then spaced to allow positioning of the device in the vicinity of the pair of spring clips associated with the next cross.

  During the clamping movement of the springs, the device must be positioned in a precise and fixed manner, thus avoiding any wedging at a bias of said springs.

  Some devices in this category are equipped with positioning sensors associated with a controller for managing the movement of said devices.

  Other devices of this category are equipped with a shuttle supporting the aforesaid jaws, which shuttle moves closer to each other in the vicinity of each of the sleepers located along the path of said shuttle.

  Nevertheless, these solutions are not entirely satisfactory for the following reasons: the positioning of the jaws must be precise, in particular to avoid the biasing of the springs, - the discontinuous movement generates dead time.

  The second solution is to move in the longitudinal direction, parallel to the rail, a slider having a V-shaped opening, the top of the V being upstream of the movement of said slider; Moreover, the angle formed by the two branches of the V is of low value, generally between 3 and 6 degrees.

  Thus, during the displacement of the slider, the internal walls corresponding to the V-shaped opening are supported on the springs and gradually cause a movement perpendicular to the movement of said slider, tightening the two springs simultaneously on the rail flanges, on both sides. else of the soul of the rail.

  This solution is simple to implement and allows a continuous movement of the device; nevertheless the effort of advancement of the device is important and the risk of skewing at the bias of the springs is present; Moreover, the degradation of the electrically insulating cabochons is inevitable in case of skewing on the bias of said springs.

  The object of the invention is therefore more particularly to eliminate these disadvantages.

  It therefore proposes a device for securing or separating the railway rails from their sleepers previously equipped with spring clips using W-shaped metal springs, arranged head to tail on either side of the web of the rail. , which are supported on the one hand on shoulder flanges integral with the cross member, and on the other hand on the rail flanges by means of electrically insulating cabs, comprising two sliders, located on either side of the rail. the web core, whose cross section is U-shaped, each capping each at least one spring clip disposed in a plane parallel to the plane containing the support surface of said rail obliquely and symmetrically with respect to the axis longitudinal of said rail, forming a V centered on said longitudinal axis of the rail, which at least one of said two slides is animated by a circular movement contained in the aforesaid contained plane against the support surface of said rail, the main axis of said slide remaining parallel to itself, said sliders bearing on said W-shaped springs for securing the rail to the corresponding crossbar or bearing on the said electrically insulating cabochons for separating the rail from its corresponding cross member.

  Advantageously, the two slides may be driven in a circular motion contained in the plane containing the support surface of the rail, the main axis of each of the aforementioned slides remaining parallel to itself, which circular movements will be synchronous and rotational direction opposite.

  Furthermore, the aforesaid synchronous circular movements and opposite direction of rotation will be such that the tangential components, along the main axis of the rail, the contact forces of said sliders on the bearing surfaces of the spring clip in the vicinity of the aforesaid metal spring or the aforesaid electrically insulating cabochon, will cause the device according to the invention in a direction parallel to the main axis of the rail.

  The direction of movement of the device according to the invention is of direction opposite to the tangential velocity vector of the circular motion at the point of impact of said slider on said spring clip.

  In the case of the fastening of the rail on its sleepers, the top of the V formed by the two sliders will be upstream of the displacement of the device according to the invention; therefore the "starboard" slider will move in a counter-clockwise or counterclockwise direction, and the "port" slider will move in a clockwise circular motion. Thus, the contact forces exerted by the two sliders on the bearing surfaces of the spring clamps in the vicinity of the metal spring will allow, thanks to the displacement of the device according to the invention, to gradually introduce the two springs. metal towards the web of the rail bearing on the one hand on the corresponding shoulder metal flanges and on the other hand on the flanges of said rail; the two aforesaid spring clamps will secure the rail near the top of the V constituted by the two slides.

  In the case of the separation of the rail from its sleepers, the top of the V formed by the two sliders will be downstream of the displacement of the device according to the invention; therefore the "starboard" slider will move in a counter-clockwise or counterclockwise direction, and the "port" slider will move in a clockwise circular motion. Thus, the contact forces exerted by the two sliders on the bearing surfaces of the spring clamps in the vicinity of the electrically insulating cabochon will allow, thanks to the displacement of the device according to the invention, to gradually remove the two metal springs in the direction opposed to the soul of the rail; the two aforesaid spring clips will disengage the rail near the base of the V constituted by the two slides.

  Thus, this succession of shocks caused by the movement of the two aforesaid slides makes it possible to move the W-shaped springs closer to or away from the web core in a progressive manner and in a direction that is almost normal to the web of said rail. , and this in a continuous way all along the rail.

  One embodiment of the invention will be described below, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a spring clip in the disengaged position, the FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of a spring clip 30 in a secured position, FIG. 3 represents a cross-section of the device according to the invention, FIG. 4 represents a schematic view from above of the device according to FIG. FIG. 5 represents the configuration of the moving elements in the bonding phase, and FIG. 6 represents the configuration of the moving elements in the separation phase.

  In the example shown in Figure 1, a railway rail 1 is placed on a crossbar 2; a plate 3 of electrically insulating material is positioned between the rail 1 and the cross member 2, so as to isolate the rail 1 from the potential of the earth.

  The spring clip PI is a known device and allows the fastening of the rail 1 on its crossbeam 2 via a metal spring 6 W-shaped bearing on the one hand on a metal flange 4 with shoulders secured to the crosses 2, and secondly on the wings la, lb of the rail.

  Furthermore, in order to allow electrical isolation of the rail 1 from the potential of the earth, a plate 5 of electrically insulating material is inserted between the metal spring 6 and the lower flange of the wing of the rail; likewise, a cabochon 7 of electrically insulating material isolates the central portion of the metal spring 6 from the upper face of the wing 1a of the rail.

  The example shown in FIG. 1 shows the above-mentioned spring clip PI in the disengaged position or in the preliminary position for fastening the rail 1 to its cross-member 2.

  The example shown in FIG. 2 shows the aforementioned spring clip PI in the position of securing the rail 1 to its cross-member 2.

  Of course, a second clamp, identical to that described above, is arranged symmetrically with respect to the soul of the railway rail.

  In the example shown in Figure 3, the device according to the invention involves a U-shaped frame BA, covering the railway rail 1; this frame is integrated with a structure, not shown, which can run on the two rails of railroad; which rolling structure can be moved by an operator, or pulled by a motor, or possibly self-propelled.

  The base of the U-shaped structure of the frame BA is horizontal, parallel to the bearing surface of the rail 1; the two arms of the U-shaped structure of the frame BA are vertical and perpendicular to the bearing surface of the rail 1. A U-shaped slider CO is integral with one of the two vertical arms of the frame BA, and The spring-loaded pliers PI along the flange 1a of the rail L are bent. The second arm of the frame BA uses an eccentric mechanism, which mechanism will be described below, drives a second U-shaped slider CO '. which caps the spring clips PI 'located along the wing 1b of the rail 1. Each of said sliders CO, CO', have their longitudinal axis located in a plane parallel to the bearing surface of the rail 1, slightly in oblique with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rail 1, thus forming a V with respect to the rail 1.

  The aforesaid eccentric mechanism consists of two sets rotating about vertical axes, each being integral with the frame BA and supporting at their lower end the aforesaid slider CO '.

  These two rotating sets eccentricity are each animated by a circular motion, which circular movements are synchronous and their respective eccentricities are of the same amplitude and the same sense at each moment.

  Thus the slider CO 'is moved, in a plane parallel to the bearing surface of the rail 1, with a movement such that each point of said slider describes a circular path, the longitudinal axis of said slider remaining parallel to himself.

  The distance separating the two inner surfaces of the sliders CO, CO 'being slightly greater than the width of the W-shaped spring, the aforementioned internal surfaces of the sliders CO, CO' will strike the W-shaped springs in a direction transverse to the rail 1.

  Indeed, the slider CO ', being reciprocated in a plane parallel to the bearing surface of the rail 1, striking the springs 6', will cause the frame BA in a movement approximately identical following the effect reaction of the aforesaid slide CO 'on the springs 6', and consequently, the slide CO, integral with the frame BA, will strike the springs 6 in a movement approximately identical to that of the slide CO '.

  The eccentric mechanism, supporting one end of said slider CO ', consists of: a fixed AR shaft, whose axis A' is parallel to the axis of symmetry A of the rail 1, integral with the frame BA via a barrel FU located on the upper base of said frame BA; the blocking of the AR shaft in the barrel FU is obtained by means of a cone of small conicity and a nut EC located near the upper end of the barrel FU and coming to screw on the upper end threaded of the AR shaft, a sleeve TA 1: É whose inner bore is of diameter greater than the diameter of the BA shaft and concentric to said AR shaft, which sleeve TA 1 is pivotally mounted around said AR shaft by means of two bearings R1, R2, of cylindrical roller type for example, and É whose cylindrical outer surface has a longitudinal axis parallel to the axis L1 'but not collinear, 2875245 9 a pulley PO, concentric with the AR shaft and secured of the aforesaid sleeve TA 1 in the vicinity of the upper part of said sleeve TA 1 by means of a key CL, a second sleeve TA2, whose internal bore is of diameter greater than the outside diameter of the sleeve TAI, is pivotally mounted around said sleeve TAI through to two x bearings R3, R4, respectively of tapered roller type and cylindrical roller type; which sleeve TA2 is integral, in the vicinity of its lower part, of the slider CO ', a flange FL, integral with said sleeve TA2 near its upper part and pivotally mounted around the outer surface of the sleeve TA 1 by means of a bearing R5; which flange FL is sliding contact, in the vicinity of its upper surface, with the lower surface of said pulley PO.

  Thus these two rotating sets with eccentricity are rotated by means of their respective pulley PO, which are driven by a transmission member such as a toothed belt not shown, and a motor also not shown.

  The friction generated by the aforesaid bearings R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and in particular that generated by the sliding contact between the lower surface of the said pulley PO and the upper surface of the aforesaid flange FL, will cause a drive of the set consisting of elements FL, TA2, R3, R4 in a non-concentric circular motion to the aforesaid axis 11 '; which non-concentric circular movement will cause the movement back and forth in a horizontal plane of the slider CO ', perpendicular to the web of the rail 1.

  It should be noted that the contact forces of said sliders CO, CO 'on the spring clips, respectively 6, 6', due to the circular movement of said sliders, have a tangential component causing the driving of the device according to the invention in a direction parallel to the main axis of the rail, since the aforesaid springs can move only in a direction perpendicular to the main axis of the rail.

  In the example shown in FIG. 4, a railway rail 1, whose main longitudinal axis is Ao, is capped by two sliders CO, CO ', whose principal longitudinal axes, respectively A1, AZ, are slightly obliquely to the longitudinal axis C d of the rail 1, thus forming a V with respect to the rail 1.

  On either side of the rail 1, in a plane parallel to the support plane of said rail, spring clips are positioned as the device according to the invention advances. Thus four clamps 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, respectively equipped with their cabochon electrically insulating material 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, represent the four successive positions of implementation of the clamp "6" and its cabochon "7" by the slider CO; in the same way four clamps 6'a, 6'b, 6'c, 6'd, respectively equipped with their cabochon 7'a, 7'b, 7'c, 7'd, represent the four successive positions of setting up of the clamp "6" and its cabochon "7" by the slider CO '.

  The positioning of the above-mentioned clamps is achieved by means of the eccentric mechanism described above, which animates the slide CO ', the axes A', A ", perpendicular to the support plane of the rail 1, represent the main axes of the two mechanisms The eccentric slider CO, integral with the structure of the frame described above, positions the aforementioned clamps 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, following the reaction effect caused by the movement of the slider CO '.

  Thus, in the case of the fastening of the rail on its sleepers, the top of the V formed by the two sliders will be upstream of the movement of the device; reciprocally, in the case of the separation of the rail from its sleepers, the top of the V formed by the two slides will be downstream of the movement of the device.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 5, 6, the device for securing or separating the railway rails from their sleepers equipped with spring clips is shown schematically in the form of main axes representing the rail, the sliders and the eccentric mechanisms.

  In the present case, each slider is equipped with two eccentric mechanisms and will be named "starboard slider" and "port slider" according to the direction of movement of the aforesaid device according to the invention.

  Thus the rail is represented by its main longitudinal axis Ao; the sliders are represented by their main longitudinal axis L1, D2; the eccentric mechanisms are represented by their main axis 0 '1, A "I for the slide defined by the aforesaid axis O1, the eccentric mechanisms are represented by their main axis L'2, 11" 2 for the slide defined by the aforesaid axis A2; the directions of rotation of the eccentric mechanisms are represented by arrows, F'1, F "1, for the eccentric mechanisms represented by their main axis L '1, A" 1; the directions of rotation of the eccentric mechanisms are represented by arrows, F'2, F "2, for the eccentric mechanisms represented by their main axis L.'2, A" 2.

  In the case of the fastening of the rail on its sleepers, shown schematically in Figure 5, the top of the V formed by the two axes al, A2, will be upstream of the displacement of the device; in fact the movements of the eccentric mechanisms of the starboard slider, represented by the arrows F '1, F "1, will be in the trigonometric or counterclockwise direction, the movements of the eccentric mechanisms of the port slider, represented by the arrows F' 2, F "2, will be clockwise.

  The contact forces exerted by the two sliders represented by their main longitudinal axis A1, d2, on the bearing surfaces of the spring clamps 2875245 - 12 - in the vicinity of the metal spring will cause the movement of the device according to the arrow FA.

  In the case of the separation of the rail from its sleepers, shown schematically in FIG. 6, the vertex of the V formed by the two axes A1, a2, will be upstream of the displacement of the device; indeed, the movements of the eccentric mechanisms of the starboard slider, represented by the arrows F'2, F "2, will be in the trigonometric or counterclockwise direction, the movements of the eccentric mechanisms of the port slider, represented by the arrows F ' 1, F "1, will be clockwise.

  The contact forces exerted by the two sliders represented by their main longitudinal axis A1, A2, on the bearing surfaces of the spring clips in the vicinity of the cabochon will cause the movement of the device according to the arrow FB.

  It will be understood that the impact of the percussion forces on the spring clips relative to the plane defined by the core of the railway rail, is a function of the opening of the V constituted by the aforesaid axes A1, A2. Thus, the lower the opening of said V, the more the impact of the percussion forces will be close to a normal incidence; nevertheless, an opening of said weak V will require a large slider length; a satisfactory compromise is to provide an angle of 3 to 6 degrees between the longitudinal main axis of the slider and the longitudinal main axis of the railroad rail.

  Advantageously, the eccentric mechanisms may be equipped with 25 weights to limit parasitic vibrations given the inertia involved and the rotational speeds of said eccentric mechanisms.

  The proposed invention is simple to implement; it allows in particular: a positioning of the spring clamps in a continuous manner whether for securing or detaching the railway rail, 2875245 - 13 - a force of installation of the spring clamps directed perpendicular to the railroad core, a penetration force of the spring clamp or extraction of said clamp requiring a low installed power due to the percussion phenomenon, a driving effect of the entire device allowing variable speeds along the railway rail without any particular automation, the possibility of carrying out the securing or uncoupling operations by means of a device comprising only a single motorized slide, making it possible to respond to the installation of pliers made by a single operator, the ability to perform the same operations faster by means of the motorization of eight slides, allowing solida Raise the two rails simultaneously in the context of large construction site; in this case the device will be towed or self-propelled.

Claims (6)

- 14 - Claims   1. Device for securing or separating the rail rails (1) from their sleepers (2) previously equipped with spring clips (PI, PI ') involving W-shaped metal springs (6, 6'), arranged head-to-tail on either side of the web (1c) of the rail (1), which are supported on the one hand on metal flanges (4, 4 ') with shoulders integral with the crossmember (2), and on the other hand on the flanges (la) of the rail by means of electrically insulating cabochons (7, 7 '), characterized in that it comprises two sliders (CO, CO'), located on both sides other of the web of the rail (1), the cross section of which is U-shaped, each capping each at least one spring clip (PI, PI '), arranged in a plane parallel to the plane containing the bearing surface said rail (1) obliquely and symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis (Do) of said rail (1), forming a V centered on said longitudinal axis (Ao) of the rail (1), which at least one n of the two aforesaid sliders (CO, CO '), is animated by a circular motion contained in the aforesaid plane containing the bearing surface of said rail (1), the main axis (A ,, 112) of said slider remaining parallel to itself, which aforesaid sliders (CO, CO '), bearing on the aforesaid springs (6, 6') W-shaped to secure the rail (1) on the crossbar (2) corresponding or supporting on the aforementioned electrically insulating cabochons (7, 7 ') for separating the rail (1) from its corresponding crossbar (2).   2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of said two sliders (CO, CO ') is driven by two synchronous eccentric mechanisms and identical direction of rotation.   3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two aforesaid sliders (CO, CO ') are each driven by two synchronous eccentric mechanisms and the same direction of rotation, the directions of rotation of each of the pairs of eccentric mechanisms associated with each of said sliders (CO, CO ') being of opposite direction.   4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotational speeds of said eccentric mechanisms are synchronous.   5. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle defined by the longitudinal main axis (A ,, A2) of said slider (CO, CO ') and the longitudinal main axis (Ao) of the rail (1 ) is between 1 degree and 10 degrees, preferably between 3 degrees and 6 degrees.   6. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the aforesaid eccentric mechanisms comprise weights limiting parasitic vibrations.