FR2865225A1 - Track crossing unit support assembly for railway network, has fixation unit with elastic fastener mounted on brace so that insulator is fixed with concrete support using screw and fastener, in position for fixing base on support - Google Patents

Abstract

The assembly has a fixation unit fixing rails on a concrete support (11) and having a screw (53) for fixing a lateral brace (59) on the support. The unit has an elastic fastener (61) maintained in pressure on an insulator (57), in a position for fixing a base (45) on the support. The fastener is mounted on the brace, so that the insulator is fixed with the support, in fixation position, using the screw and fastener. An independent claim is also included for a utilization of a support assembly for fixing track crossing units.

Description

The invention relates to a support assembly for a track apparatus

  pavement, intended for incorporation in the process of such an apparatus including the half-switches, the intermediate and external rails, and the heart, the whole

  comprising a support pad fixed on the support, this support assembly comprising: a reinforced concrete support with longitudinal central groove, in particular mono-, bi-, tri-, or quadblast, whose length is optimized, presenting a surface support of the elements of the apparatus; and a device for fixing the elements on the support, which comprises, on each side of a median plane of the bearing surface of the support: an insulating abutment bearing on the pad, a positioning wedge and a lateral stop for the shoe, a fixing screw of the wedge on the support, engaged on the wedge and the groove, and a first associated clamping nut, and 20. an elastic fastener which, in the fixing position of the shoe on the support , is held in pressure on the insulating abutment.

  The object of the invention is more particularly intended for use in a railway network intended for rolling stock, such as trams and tram-trains, and is suitable for attaching to the platform of turnout devices. .

  The object of the invention is intended for the ground fixing of devices with grooved or Vignole rail.

  The roadway support assemblies of the above type and as known in the state of the art generally comprise, on each side of the profile of the track apparatus element, a bolt of fixing the stop block to the support, and another bolt for fixing the insulating stop to the support, the insulating stop being interposed between the shim and the pad, resting on the latter.

  This design support assembly with two separate bolts on either side of the profile, designed to attach the device element to the support, imposes a large length of support dedicated to the attachment of the device element. It imposes a large size in the longitudinal direction of the support (transversely to the track).

  This is particularly disadvantageous for parts of the urban network, where the footprint of the platforms is reduced in width.

  The object of the invention is to remedy this drawback and to reduce the length of the support sections dedicated to fixing the element, and thus to reduce the total length of the supports. It is at least for the purpose of reducing the length of solid parts, that is to say concreted, supports, and incidentally to reduce their weight.

  For this purpose, according to the invention, the fastener is mounted on the shim, so that in the fixing position, the insulating stop is fixed relative to the support by means of said fixing screw and the fastener.

  With this arrangement, the fixing of the wedge and the insulating abutment being carried out by means of the same single screw, it is possible to provide, for the same length of support, shorter concrete parts than in the state of the technique, and incidentally longer external reinforcement. It is also possible to reduce the total length of the supports.

  According to advantageous features of the invention: the support comprises a longitudinal metal reinforcement, and at least one concrete block cast on said reinforcement, and the reinforcement protrudes longitudinally from said rattle; - The metal frame can project from said blochet on both sides of the latter; - The support comprises at least two rattles, and the armature projects from each of said rattles; - the distance between the axes of the two fixing screws situated on either side of the bearing surface is equal to the length of the bearing surface, increased by a value which is less than 80 mm, preferably of the order of 60 mm; the support assembly comprises a saddle with an inclined plane, interposed between the support and the pad, allowing inclined installation of the track apparatus; and the saddle is in the form of a plate with an inclined plane, which has two opposite notches engaged in a complementary manner on the periphery of the screws, so that the latter hold said saddle in position.

  Thanks to these provisions, the supports are particularly well suited to be incorporated in the concrete wedging of switches. Indeed, the reinforcement between the blochets is incorporated perfectly in the concrete, which allows a better adhesion of the supports and, consequently, a better longevity of the network, with a quasi-total suppression of the maintenance.

  Preferably, the fastener is mounted on the wedge so as to selectively take a position among a pressurizing position on the insulating abutment, and a position released from the insulating abutment.

  With this arrangement, the stop block can be fixed in its final position and the preassembled fastener, during operations carried out in the workshop, while the final fixing of the insulating stop can be performed on the installation site.

  For example, the support assembly comprises a second clamping nut mounted on the screw, and the fastener is screwed onto the shim, and maintained in pressure on the insulating stop by means of the fixing screw and the second nut.

  In such a case, it can be provided that the fastener is designed and mounted so as to be able to move from one position to another, among the position of pressurization and the disengaged position, by longitudinal translation, when the assembly formed the fixing screw and the second clamping nut is loosened.

  Alternatively, it can be provided that the fastener is designed and mounted so as to be able to move from one position to another, among the pressurized position and the unobstructed position, by rotation about the axis of the screw, when the assembly formed of the fixing screw and the second clamping nut is loosened.

  In another embodiment, the fastener comprises a torsion bar forcibly fitted into a recess complementary to the wedge, and an elastic bearing part acting on the insulating abutment under the effect of the torsional deformation of the bar torsion.

  Particular embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: - Figure 1 is a top view of a section of railroad track for streetcar or tramway; train, comprising common track sections, track apparatus elements, and support assemblies according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a perspective view of a bi-blochet support, alone, of one of the support assemblies according to the invention shown in Figure 1; - Figure 3 is a sectional view, in a transverse plane, in the direction III-III, the support of Figure 2; - Figures 4 to 6 are views similar to Figure 2 supports, respectively tri-blochet, quadblochet, and mono-blochet, according to the invention; - Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 2, a bi-blochet support according to the invention devoid of external reinforcement at the ends; - Figure 8 is a partial sectional view in a longitudinal median plane of a support assembly according to the invention, and a rail section fixed on the support, according to a first embodiment of the invention; Figure 9 is a side view, in the IX direction, of the support assembly and the rail section of Figure 8; Figure 10 is a top view, in the X direction, of the support assembly and the rail section of Figure 8; Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 8, on a larger scale, in which the section of the switchgear is a switch section; Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 11, in which the section of a switchgear is a crossing core section; - Figures 13 and 14 are views similar respectively to Figures 8 and 10, according to a second embodiment of the invention; - Figures 15 and 16 are views similar respectively to Figures 8 and 10, according to a third embodiment of the invention; - Figure 17 is a view similar to Figure 13, showing the section of inclined laying apparatus of course; and - Figure 18 is a top view of the saddle, alone, allowing the inclined installation of the track apparatus section, in the configuration shown in Figure 17.

  FIG. 1 shows, in a plan view from above, a section of railroad track for trams or tram-trains, this section of railroad track being fixed to a platform by way of a series of rail support assemblies, conventional for some (shown in phantom), and according to the invention for others (in solid lines), arranged transversely to the track.

  The section of track shown comprises, at the ends, sections of common track 1, 3A, 3B (shown in phantom), and in a central section (shown in solid lines), elements of the track apparatus, in occurrence a switch 5 and a crossing heart 7.

  The support assemblies according to the invention ensuring the attachment of the switchgear are all of similar design, although they have, in part, different shapes. These support assemblies are all designated by the general numerical reference 10, possibly followed by a letter A, B, C, D, E distinguishing some of the different particular types.

  As will be better seen below, each support assembly 10 is essentially formed of a support 11, or support block 11 'in the case of a so-called monoblock support, and a device 12 for fixing the switchgear section on the support.

  With reference to Figures 2 and 3, we will now describe a support 11 of a particular type used in the invention, said bi-blochet.

  Such a support is made of reinforced concrete, and is an elongated beam in a longitudinal general direction X. Unless otherwise stated, the longitudinal and axial terms will be understood as relating to the direction X, which is a direction transverse to the way.

  The support consists essentially of a metal lattice frame 15 extending continuously over the entire length of the support, and concrete blocks 17 of generally parallelepipedal shape, two in number in the example shown, called blochets. Blocks 17 have a generally flat upper surface, a transverse band 18 of which constitutes a plane bearing surface for the section of the track apparatus.

  The concrete blocks 17 (or blocks) are cast over a portion of the length of the frame, leaving a bare part of reinforcement on each side of each of them. In the double-blind configuration shown in FIG. 2, the armature 15 thus protrudes longitudinally from each blochet 17, at each end of the support 11, as well as between the blocks 17.

  In use, the supports 11 being inserted into a concrete slab, the external reinforcement allow better incorporation and better adhesion of the support in the setting concrete.

  In the example shown, the armature 15 consists of a plurality of rectilinear rods 19 extending longitudinally over the entire length of the support, a series of rectilinear rods horizontal and horizontal 21 regularly distributed over the entire length of the support and, for each support section in which a transverse rod 21 is disposed, a U-bent rod 23. Each U-shaped rod 23 is folded symmetrically with respect to the median vertical longitudinal plane XZ, so as to have on each side from the median plane a double vertical side branch.

  Of course, the invention is not limited to this type of reinforcement structure.

  Each blochet 17 has, in the same way as the armature, a symmetry along the vertical longitudinal median axis XZ.

  It will be noted essentially that each blochet 17 is provided with a longitudinal central groove 25, which opens on the upper face 18 of the bloket, and which is intended to receive and retain a fastener of the section of apparatus on the support. The groove 25 extends over the entire length of the bloket 17, and has, in cross section as shown in Figure 3, an enlarged bottom 27 with a generally pentagonal shape contour.

  The bloket 17 is further provided with a special metal profile 29 incorporated into the concrete of the blochet. The profile 29 has a longitudinal opening 31 formed between the free edges of the profile. These define a constriction of the groove 25. A support for the fastener, as will be visible for example in Figure 9, is provided by the lateral oblique faces of the profile, which will resume the efforts of the fastening device 12. The metal profile 29, as well as the opening 31, extend over the entire length of the bloket 17.

  Finally, it will be noted, with respect to the bloket 17, that its lateral faces 33 are slightly inclined, so that in cross-section, the bloket 17 has a trapezoidal shape, the large base of which is the lower base.

  Figures 4 and 5, it is illustrated that a support 11 used in a support assembly according to the invention, could comprise a greater number of blocks, in this case respectively three or four. These supports 11, as is clear from the figures, are of a type similar to that described with reference to FIG. 2, in that they also comprise a continuous lattice metal reinforcement, and a plurality of blocks 17 connected by said frame.

  In Figure 6, there is shown another particular type of support 11 ', formed essentially of a metal reinforcement 15 of the same type as before, and a single blochet 17.

  In Figure 7, it is illustrated that the supports 11 or 11 'could also be devoid of external reinforcement at one or both ends of the support. In the example of FIG. 7, the armature 15 protrudes from the blokets 17 only between the latter, so that the external reinforcement of the support is limited to the armature portion 15 located between the blocks 17.

  Note also that in Figure 1, the supports 11, 11 'shown do not include external reinforcement at their ends. On the other hand, although external reinforcement located between two consecutive blocks has been shown in Figure 1, these external reinforcements are actually integrated and embedded in the concrete slab.

  Referring now to Figures 8 to 10, a support assembly according to a first embodiment of the invention will be described.

  This support assembly 10, as shown by way of example in these Figures, has a configuration for supporting a rail section of a switchgear.

  The rail section 41 has a groove profile 43, which conventionally has a shoe 45, a central core 47, and a mushroom 49 defining a tread.

  The support assembly 10, on which the rail 41 rests, comprises a support 11 of the type described above, of which only one block 17 is shown, and a set 51 for fixing the rail to the support on each side of the profile.

  The pad 45 is supported on the support region 18 of the bloket 17, via an insulating soleplate 52.

  In the example shown, the tread formed by the mushroom 49 is horizontal, as is the support plane of the shoe (in this case, the sole 52) on the bloket, and the core 47 is vertical ( Z).

  The invention, however, applies in the same way to sections of inclined laying apparatus, an inclined seat then being interposed between the sole 53 and the support region 18 of the bloket 17. This will be described more The invention is equally applicable to a horizontal or inclined tread profile, in horizontal or inclined installation.

  Finally, although the invention is here described with a groove profile, it is intended to also apply the invention to Vignole profiles.

  The two fastening assemblies 51 of the fastening device 12 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical longitudinal median plane of the profile (corresponding to a transverse plane of the support 11).

  Each fixing assembly 51 comprises a bolt composed of a visinsert or special screw 53 with a vertical axis Z, and two nuts 54, 55 mounted on the screw, in this case brake nuts. The fastening assembly 51 further comprises an insulating abutment 57 for bearing on the shoe 45, a wedge 59 for lateral positioning and stopping for the shoe, and an elastic fastener 61 intended to put pressure on the insulating abutment 57.

  The insulating abutment 57 is a piece of electrically insulating material, and the shim 59 is preferably made of a molded metal part.

  It will be noted that FIGS. 8 and 10 show the two fastening assemblies 51 associated with a bloket 17 of a support assembly 10, located on either side of a rail profile, in positions different assembly: the assembly 51 located on the left side of these Figures has been shown in its complete configuration and fully assembled, while the fixing assembly located on the right of the Figures has been shown without the insulating stop, and pre-assembled configuration and set in the workshop, in which the support assembly can be brought on site, before the installation of the switchgear. During installation on site, we will be able to find the quality of the tolerances obtained during factory pre-assembly.

  Note also that in Figure 9, only the fully assembled assembly is visible.

  The shim 59 consists of a square part, comprising a horizontal plate 63 and a vertical plate 65 projecting upwardly therefrom. The horizontal plate 63 is provided with a through bore 67, bordered by a flange 69 projecting downwards and engaged in the groove 25, while the plate 63 is generally in plane bearing on the upper surface of the bloket 17.

  The screw 53 has a trapezoidal head 71 engaged in the bottom 27 of the groove, and a vertically extending threaded rod engaged in the bore 67. It is understood that the screw 53 can be mounted in the rattle by inserting the head 71, in the groove bottom 27 from the axial end X of the rattle, and by axial displacement of the screw, the screw being held vertically to its final mounting position.

  The inclined lateral faces of the trapezoidal head 71 are designed with an inclination identical to that of the lateral faces of the profile 29, so that when the clamping screw 53 is tightened, the support of the head of the screw on the profile is limited to these side faces.

  The wedge 59 is fixed in position on the bloket 17, by clamping the first nut 54, which bears on the upper surface of the horizontal plate 63 of the shim by means of a first washer 75 of the fixing assembly.

  The fastener 61 is engaged on the threaded rod of the screw 53, superimposed on the first nut 54, and tightened on the latter by means of the second nut 55, which bears on the fastener via a second washer. 76 of the fixing assembly.

  The insulating abutment 57 also has a general shape of a square. It has a portion interposed axially between the shim 59 and the pad 45, and another bearing portion interposed vertically between the fastener 61 and the upper surface of the pad 45. In order to wedge the pad on the support 11, the shape square of the insulating abutment 57 is complementary to the lateral edge region of the pad, so that the stop engages the pad.

  As best seen in FIG. 10, the elastic fastener 61 is in the form of a wire, folded substantially symmetrically with respect to the vertical longitudinal median plane XZ of the support 11. With respect to the direction longitudinally connected to the support, the fastener 61 has two lateral loops, and in the center, a loop 81 open on the opposite side to the shoe, defining the form of engagement on the threaded rod of the screw 53.

  In the absence of tightening of the nut 55, the fastener 61 can be slidably displaced along the axis X with respect to the screw 53, the lateral branches of the loop 81 making it possible to guide the fastener onto the threaded rod of the screw 53.

  When the fastening assembly 51 is tightened, that is to say when the two nuts 54, 55 are tightened on the screw 53, the free end portions 83 of the wire constituting the fastener are supported and pressurized. elastically on the upper surface of the insulating abutment, which itself bears and presses on the upper surface of the shoe 45. On the opposite side, the fastener 61 bears on the upper edge of the vertical plate 65 of the hold, which presents a footprint for stabilizing the positioning of the fastener on the hold.

  From the foregoing, it is understood that the wedge 59 ensuring the lateral setting of the rail section, and the insulating abutment 57 ensuring a lateral wedging but also a vertical support on the pad, are fixed to the support 11 via of the same fastening screw 53. The insulating abutment 57 is in this case fixed, with respect to the support 11, by means of the screw 53 and the fastener 61, by means of the tightening action of the nuts 54, 55. In the same plane transverse to the support, and a given side of the profile, the fixing screw 53 is unique.

  In the pre-assembled configuration of the fixing assembly 51, which has been illustrated to the right of FIGS. 8 and 10, the second nut 55 is loosened, and the fastener 61 is disengaged from the space defined by the pad 45. , the wedge 59 is in its final fixing position, that is to say that the first nut 54 is tightened to secure the wedge on the bloket 17.

  It will be understood that in order to pass from this pre-assembled configuration to the complete assembly configuration described above, it suffices for an operator: to place the insulating abutment 57 between the shim 59 and the pad 45, as has been previously seen; move the fastener 61 in translation along the longitudinal axis X of the support, to its pressing position 2865225 14 on the insulating stop 57, the fastener 61 then coming into its wedging position in the edge imprint upper of the vertical plate 65 of the shim, and - to tighten the nut 55 for pressurizing the insulating abutment 57 on the pad 45.

  The elastic fastener 61 which has been described is known by the name VOSSLOH. Referring to FIG. 8, it will be noted that the length L of the bloket 17 is considerably reduced compared to that of the supports of the state of the art. This is made possible by the use, for attachment, of a single screw-insert 53 on each side of the profile.

  Optimally, the spacing L of the two screws 53 located on either side of the bearing surface is equal to the length 1 of the bearing surface 18, increased by a value S which does not exceed 80 mm, and which is preferably of the order of 60 mm, and more preferably equal to 60 mm.

  The expression of the order of can be understood as a + 10% approximation.

  In FIGS. 11 and 12, it is illustrated that the support which has been described above applies not only to an apparatus section having a current track profile, but also to any section of a switchgear, in this case, for example, a switch section 41A (Figure 11) or a core section (Figure 12). Of course, any other section of the turnout could have been chosen to illustrate this.

  With reference to FIGS. 13 and 14, a second embodiment will now be described, in which the support assembly 110 comprises a support 11 of the same type as previously, only the fixing assemblies 151 being of different type.

  As in the previous embodiment, each fastener assembly 151 comprises a screw 53, two nuts 2865225, 54, 55, an insulating stopper 57, a shim 59, and two washers 75, 76, all of which are of the type similar to those of the previous embodiment, and arranged in the same way.

  This second embodiment differs essentially from the first embodiment in that the fastener 161 of each fastener assembly 151 is of the NABLA type: the fastener 161 is essentially formed of a folded and pierced metal plate. More specifically, the fastener 161 comprises in a central region a through bore 181, through which the screw 53 is engaged, and on the edges of which the nut 55 bears when it is tightened, via the washer. 76. The fastener 161 further comprises an edge 183 folded at right angles downwards, and the opposite side, a strip 185 folded back to substantially 180. Between the flat portion in which is formed the bore 181 and the folded band 185 is formed a spring portion 187, which has a relatively large radius of curvature.

  In the upper edge of the vertical wall 65 of the shim 59 is formed a notch 193 complementary to the folded edge 183, and receiving the latter when the fixing assembly 151 is in its fully assembled configuration (configuration shown on the left of the Figures 13 and 14).

  In the pre-assembled configuration of the fixing assembly 151 (configuration shown on the right-hand side of FIGS. 13 and 14), only the nut 54 is tightened so as to rigidly fix the shim 59 on the bloket 17, whereas the nut 55 is loose. The fastener 161 is then in a position such that the folded edge 183 is turned towards the profile 41, being pressed against the nut 54, while the hinge 187 is turned outwards. The free edge of the folded strip 185 is pressed against the outer face of the vertical wall 65 of the shim 59.

  To move the fastener 161 from its pre-assembled position to its final position, shown on the left-hand side of FIGS. 13 and 14, the operator must slightly lift the fastener 161 and rotate the fastener 161 about the screw 53. a half turn (180), until the folded edge 183 engages in the notch 193. The operator then squeezes the nut 55 so that the fastener 161 presses against the insulating stop 57 by through its folded band 185.

  The complete assembly of the fixing assembly 151 is thus achieved by very simple operations, from the pre-assembled configuration.

  In this embodiment again, the fixing assembly 151 can be placed in its configuration pre-assembled in the workshop, before final installation on site.

  Referring now to Figures 15 and 16, there is shown a support assembly 210 according to a third embodiment of the invention.

  In this embodiment, the support 11 is still identical or analogous to that described above, with reference to the first and second embodiments.

  Each of the two fastening assemblies 251 disposed on either side of the profile differs essentially from the fastening assemblies described above: first, in that it comprises a single nut 54 and a single washer 75, ensuring, with the screw 53, the clamping of the wedge 259, and - secondly in that the pressurization of the insulating abutment 57 on the shoe 45 is performed by a fastener 261 PANDROL type The fastener 261 is formed essentially of a metal bar, folded so as to have a straight torsion bar 281, fitted along its axis in the wedge 259. The torsion bar 281 extends parallel to the general direction of the rail 41, that is to say transversely relative to a support 11. The fastener 261 further comprises a free end section 283 coming, in definitive mounting configuration of the fastener 261, bearing on the insulating abutment 57. Between the free end section 283 and the torsion bar 281, the att Ach 261 has a curved intermediate portion 285, providing the fastener resilient deformation capacity, and for applying to the insulating abutment 57, a significant bearing force due to the elastic deformation of the fastener.

  Unlike the two previous embodiments, the fastening assembly 251 according to this third embodiment is not entirely premountable: in fact, essentially, only the wedge 259, the screw 53 and the nut 54 ( with the associated washer 75) are mounted in the workshop on the crosspiece 11, with tightening of the nut 54. The fastener 261 is mounted on site by press fitting into the shim 259, after the insertion of the insulating abutment 57 .

  This is why, in FIG. 16, the two fastening assemblies 251 are shown in the final assembly position. In Figure 15, the attachment of the attachment assembly to the right of Figure 10 is not shown for reasons of clarity.

  In Figure 17, it is illustrated that it is possible, with support assemblies according to the invention, to perform an inclined installation of the rails and elements of the switchgear. For this, there is shown a support assembly 110 similar to that shown in Figure 13, the rail section 41 resting on the bloket 17 via a saddle 301 interposed between the pad 45 and the bearing surface 18 of the blocket.

  As can be seen together in FIGS. 17 and 18, the saddle 301 is in the form of a substantially rectangular plate having a plane inclined in the direction of the greatest length. Saddle 301 is formed with a semicircular notch 311 in each of its opposite small edges. In the mounting position, these symmetrical notches 311 engage on the periphery of the screws 53, so as to provide a wedge of the saddle 301 in all directions. The latter is thus perfectly locked in position after complete tightening of the nuts 54, 55, that is to say after definitive fixing of the fixing assembly 151.

  The mounting of the fasteners 151 in the presence of the saddle 301 is identical to that described above with reference to Figure 13. Therefore, the inclined installation will not be described in more detail.

  Of course, it is possible to perform an inclined installation of the switchgear, in particular by using a saddle as described above, with the other types of supports according to the invention.

  It is important to note that the invention which has just been described allows a considerable reduction in the weight of the supports, facilitates handling in the factory and on site, and considerably reduces the cost of transport. The reduction in the length of the supports, thanks in particular to the types of fasteners used, leads to a significantly reduced footprint in the direction of the sleepers, which is a decisive advantage in urban settlements.

  These supports can be used with any type of coating, especially pavers, asphalt, turf.

  In addition, thanks to the invention just described, the laying of the current roadway and track equipment, which has been heretofore carried out flat, can be considered with inclined running tables. This can be done using a profile whose table is inclined during rolling of the rail, the pads then being laid flat, or inclined table track supports, or saddles (especially for the switchgear as shown and described previously). Thus, all types of installation are possible.

  The support assemblies according to the invention are perfectly suited to urban tramway networks, as well as networks provided for tram-trains.

  The support assemblies according to the invention, in which the fasteners are fixed in the central grooves of the blokets, allow all track gauges, all deflection angles, and are adaptable to all types of track apparatus. This is achieved by the possibility of adjusting the position, along the central groove, of the fastening assemblies 12.

Claims (13)

  1. Trackside lane support assembly intended for incorporation in the course of such an apparatus comprising the half-switches, the intermediate and outer rails, and the core, all comprising a brake liner. support attached to the support, this support assembly comprising.   - a support (11) of reinforced concrete with longitudinal central groove (25), in particular mono-, bi-, tri- or quadri-blast, whose length is optimized, having a bearing surface of the elements of the apparatus ; and a device (12) for fixing the elements (41, 41A, 41B) on the support (11), which comprises, on each side of a median plane of the bearing surface of the support (11). 15. an insulating abutment (57) for bearing on the shoe (45), a wedge (59) for lateral positioning and stopping for the shoe (45), a screw (53) for fixing the wedge (59). on the support (11), engaged in the wedge and the groove (25), and a first associated clamping nut (54), and an elastic fastener (61; 161; 261) which, in the position of fixing the shoe on the support (11) is held in pressure on the isolating stop (57), characterized in that said clip (61; 161; 261) is mounted on the shim (59), so that in the fixing position the insulating stop (57) is fixed relative to the support (11) by means of said fixing screw (53) and the fastener (61; 161; 261).   2. Support assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (11) comprises a longitudinal metal reinforcement (15), and at least one rattle (17) poured concrete on said frame, and in that the reinforcement (15) protrudes longitudinally from said rattle (17).   2865225 21 3. Support assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the metal armature (15) can project from said rattle (17) on either side of the latter.   4. Support assembly according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the support (11) comprises at least two rattles (17), and the armature (15) protrudes from each of said rattles (17).   5. Support assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the distance (L) between the axes of the two fixing screws (53) located on either side of the bearing surface, is equal to the length (1) of the bearing surface, increased by a value (8) which is less than 80 mm, preferably of the order of 60 mm.   6. support assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a saddle (301) inclined plane, interposed between the support (11) and the pad (45), allowing inclined installation of the switchgear.   7. Support assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the saddle (301) has the shape of a plate with an inclined plane, which has two opposite notches (311) engaged in complementary manner on the periphery of the screws (53) , so that the latter maintain said saddle in position.   8. Support assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fastener (61; 161) is mounted on the wedge (59) so as to selectively take a position from a position of implementation. pressure on the insulating stop (57), and a position released from the insulating stop (57).   9. Support assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a second clamping nut (55) mounted on the screw (53), and in that the fastener (61; ) is screwed onto the shim (59), and maintained under pressure on the insulating stop (57) by means of the fixing screw (53) and the second nut (55).   10. Support assembly according to claims 8 and 9 taken together, characterized in that the fastener (61) is designed and mounted so as to be able to move from one position to another, among the pressurizing position and the position released, by longitudinal translation, when the assembly formed of the fixing screw (53) and the second clamping nut (55) is loosened.   11. Support assembly according to claims 8 and 9 taken together, characterized in that the fastener (161) is designed and mounted to be able to move from one position to another, among the pressurized position and the free position, by rotation about the axis of the screw (53), when the assembly formed of the fixing screw (53) and the second clamping nut (55) is loosened.   12. Support assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fastener (261) comprises a torsion bar (281) forcibly fitted into a recess complementary to the shim (59), and a resilient bearing portion (283) acting on the insulating abutment (57) due to the torsional deformation of the torsion bar (281).   13. Use of a support assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for securing a track element (41) in track.