FR2865070A1 - Heat regulation device for motor vehicle`s battery module, has heat regulation unit with refrigerant fluid/air heat exchanger forming evaporator for cold source of heat pump, such that exchanger is called as battery evaporator - Google Patents
Heat regulation device for motor vehicle`s battery module, has heat regulation unit with refrigerant fluid/air heat exchanger forming evaporator for cold source of heat pump, such that exchanger is called as battery evaporator Download PDFInfo
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- FR2865070A1 FR2865070A1 FR0400139A FR0400139A FR2865070A1 FR 2865070 A1 FR2865070 A1 FR 2865070A1 FR 0400139 A FR0400139 A FR 0400139A FR 0400139 A FR0400139 A FR 0400139A FR 2865070 A1 FR2865070 A1 FR 2865070A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
- H01M10/6565—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers with recirculation or U-turn in the flow path, i.e. back and forth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6566—Means within the gas flow to guide the flow around one or more cells, e.g. manifolds, baffles or other barriers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/003—Component temperature regulation using an air flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif perfectionné de régulationThe present invention relates to an improved regulating device
thermique d'un module de batteries pour véhicule automobile. thermal of a battery module for a motor vehicle.
Certains véhicules, de type hybride, comprennent une motorisation comportant un moteur d'entraînement thermique et une machine électrique permettant d'alterner des configurations de fonctionnement en modes thermique et électrique. Some vehicles, hybrid type, include a motor comprising a thermal drive motor and an electrical machine for alternating operating configurations in thermal and electrical modes.
La machine électrique est reliée à un module de batteries. Le bon fonctionnement des batteries, refroidies à l'air, dépend notamment de la température de l'air qui les entoure. The electrical machine is connected to a battery module. The proper functioning of the batteries, cooled in the air, depends in particular on the temperature of the air which surrounds them.
En saison froide, lorsque par exemple la température des batteries est voisine de -18 C, les réactions chimiques dans les batteries sont inhibées ce qui empêche ces dernières de délivrer la puissance électrique nécessaire au bon fonctionnement de la machine électrique. Il convient donc d'élever la température des batteries jusqu'à environ 5 C, température à partir de laquelle les batteries sont en mesure de délivrer la puissance électrique nécessaire au bon fonctionnement de la motorisation. In the cold season, when for example the temperature of the batteries is close to -18 C, the chemical reactions in the batteries are inhibited, which prevents them from delivering the electrical power necessary for the proper functioning of the electric machine. It is therefore necessary to raise the temperature of the batteries to about 5 C, temperature from which the batteries are able to deliver the electrical power necessary for the proper operation of the engine.
En saison chaude, lorsque par exemple la température des batteries est supérieure à 55 C, leur sollicitation doit être réduite afin de ne pas affecter leur durée de vie. In hot weather, for example when the temperature of the batteries is higher than 55 C, their solicitation must be reduced in order not to affect their life.
On connaît déjà dans l'état de la technique, notamment d'après FR-A-2 829 619 (FR-01 11610), un dispositif de régulation thermique d'un module de batteries pour véhicule automobile, du type comprenant des moyens de mise en circulation d'un flux d'air à travers le module de batteries, et une enceinte formant des moyens de guidage du flux d'air dans laquelle sont logés le module de batteries et des moyens de régulation thermique du flux d'air. Already known in the state of the art, particularly from FR-A-2 829 619 (FR-01 11610), a thermal regulation device of a battery module for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising means for circulating a flow of air through the battery module, and an enclosure forming means for guiding the air flow in which are housed the battery module and thermal regulation means of the air flow.
Ces moyens de régulation thermique comportent en général des moyens de chauffage, permettant d'élever la température de l'air circulant dans l'enceinte lors d'un démarrage en saison froide, et un échangeur thermique liquide caloporteur/air permettant de réduire la température de l'air circulant dans l'enceinte lors d'un fonctionnement du véhicule automobile au cours duquel la température des batteries est proche de 55 C. These thermal regulation means generally comprise heating means, making it possible to raise the temperature of the air circulating in the chamber during a cold-season start, and a liquid / heat-exchanger heat exchanger for reducing the temperature. air circulating in the enclosure during operation of the motor vehicle during which the temperature of the batteries is close to 55 C.
L'échangeur thermique liquide caloporteur/air est raccordé à un circuit de liquide présentant une inertie thermique relativement importante limitant l'efficacité de la régulation thermique du module de batteries. The liquid heat exchanger heat / air is connected to a liquid circuit having a relatively large thermal inertia limiting the efficiency of the thermal regulation of the battery module.
L'invention a notamment pour but de fournir des moyens de régulation thermique du module de batteries économiques et efficaces, tout en optimisant le fonctionnement et la durée de vie de ce module de batteries. The invention aims in particular to provide thermal regulation means of the battery module economic and efficient, while optimizing the operation and life of this battery module.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de régulation thermique du type précité, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de régulation thermique du flux d'air 15 20 25 30 35 comprennent un échangeur thermique fluide frigorigène/air formant un évaporateur d'une première source froide de pompe à chaleur, dit évaporateur de batteries. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a thermal regulation device of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the air flow thermal regulation means comprise a refrigerant / air heat exchanger forming an evaporator. a first cold source heat pump, said battery evaporator.
L'air circulant à travers le module de batteries est ainsi susceptible d'être directement refroidi par échange thermique avec le fluide frigorigène circulant dans le circuit de la pompe à chaleur, ceci sans être gêné par l'inertie thermique d'un liquide caloporteur ou par des pertes thermiques dans des conduits véhiculant ce liquide caloporteur. The air circulating through the battery module is thus capable of being directly cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant circulating in the circuit of the heat pump, without being hampered by the thermal inertia of a heat transfer liquid or by thermal losses in conduits carrying the heat transfer liquid.
Un dispositif de régulation thermique selon l'invention peut en outre comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes: - la pompe à chaleur participe à la climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule automobile; - la pompe à chaleur comporte une seconde source froide comprenant un second évaporateur, dit évaporateur d'habitacle, raccordé en parallèle avec l'évaporateur de batterie à un circuit de fluide frigorigène; - les moyens de régulation thermique du flux d'air comportent des moyens de chauffage, par exemple des moyens électriques de chauffage par effet joule; - les moyens de chauffage comprennent une thermistance, notamment de type CTP (Coefficient de Température Positif) ; un ventilateur d'entraînement du flux d'air à travers l'échangeur thermique est logé dans l'enceinte; - le dispositif comporte des moyens d'isolation thermique de l'enceinte; l'enceinte est raccordée à des moyens de mise en circulation d'air provenant de l'extérieur de l'enceinte; les moyens de mise en circulation d'air extérieur comportent une ouverture d'entrée de l'air dans l'enceinte et une ouverture de sortie de l'air de l'enceinte; les moyens de mise en circulation d'air extérieur comportent des moyens d'obturation des ouvertures d'entrée et de sortie de l'air; - les moyens d'obturation comportent un volet déplaçable entre une position d'obturation des ouvertures d'entrée et de sortie et une position de canalisation de flux d'air entrant et sortant; les moyens de mise en circulation d'air extérieur comportent des moyens de commande des moyens d'obturation entre des configurations de mise en circulation de l'air dans l'enceinte et d'isolation de l'enceinte par rapport à l'air extérieur; les moyens de commande comportent un calculateur prenant en compte au moins un paramètre thermique; - le paramètre thermique est choisi parmi une consigne pour la climatisation de l'habitacle, la température de l'air à l'intérieur de l'enceinte, la température de l'air provenant de l'extérieur de l'enceinte et la température du module de batteries. A thermal regulation device according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics: the heat pump participates in the air conditioning of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle; - The heat pump comprises a second cold source comprising a second evaporator, said cabin evaporator, connected in parallel with the battery evaporator to a refrigerant circuit; - The thermal regulation means of the air flow comprise heating means, for example electric heating means Joule effect; the heating means comprise a thermistor, in particular of the CTP (Positive Temperature Coefficient) type; a fan for driving the flow of air through the heat exchanger is housed in the enclosure; the device comprises means of thermal insulation of the enclosure; the enclosure is connected to means for circulating air from outside the enclosure; the external air circulation means comprise an inlet opening of the air in the enclosure and an air outlet opening of the enclosure; the means for circulating outside air comprise means for closing the air inlet and outlet openings; - The closure means comprise a movable shutter between a closed position of the inlet and outlet openings and a pipe position of the incoming and outgoing air flow; the means for circulating outside air comprise means for controlling the closure means between configurations for circulating the air in the enclosure and for isolating the enclosure from the outside air ; the control means comprise a computer taking into account at least one thermal parameter; the thermal parameter is chosen from a set point for the air-conditioning of the passenger compartment, the temperature of the air inside the enclosure, the temperature of the air coming from outside the enclosure and the temperature battery module.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels: - la figure 1 est une vue schématique un dispositif de régulation thermique selon l'invention inséré dans un circuit de pompe à chaleur; la figure 2 est une vue schématique plus détaillée du dispositif de régulation thermique de la figure 1 dans un premier mode de fonctionnement; la figure 3 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 2, dans un second mode de fonctionnement. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a thermal regulation device according to FIG. invention inserted into a heat pump circuit; Figure 2 is a more detailed schematic view of the thermal control device of Figure 1 in a first mode of operation; Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2, in a second mode of operation.
On a représenté sur la figure 1 un dispositif de régulation thermique d'un module de batteries B pour véhicule automobile, notamment de type électrique ou hybride. FIG. 1 shows a thermal regulation device for a battery module B for a motor vehicle, in particular of the electric or hybrid type.
Le module de batteries B comprend en général plusieurs éléments formant batterie mais pourrait le cas échéant n'en comprendre qu'un seul. The battery module B generally comprises several battery elements but could possibly include only one.
Le module B est logé dans une enceinte E. Le dispositif de régulation thermique, désigné par la référence générale 10, comporte notamment une pompe à chaleur 12. The module B is housed in an enclosure E. The thermal regulation device, designated by the general reference 10, comprises in particular a heat pump 12.
Cette pompe à chaleur 12 comporte un circuit 14 de fluide frigorigène, de type à compression, prélevant des calories de première 16 et seconde 18 sources froides pour les transférer, au moins partiellement, vers une source chaude 20. This heat pump 12 comprises a compression-type refrigerant circuit 14, taking first and second cold sources 18 and 18 cold sources to transfer them, at least partially, to a hot source 20.
Les première 16 et seconde 18 sources froides sont raccordées à l'amont de la source chaude 20 par un compresseur commun 22, de type électrique ou mécanique, et à l'aval de la source chaude 20 par des première 24 et seconde 26 vannes de détente. The first 16 and second 18 cold sources are connected upstream of the hot source 20 by a common compressor 22, electrical or mechanical type, and downstream of the hot source 20 by first 24 and second 26 valves of relaxation.
Le fluide frigorigène passant par la première 16 ou seconde 18 source froide se vaporise en enlevant de la chaleur à cette première 16 ou seconde 18 source 20 froide. Le compresseur 22 aspire le fluide vaporisé et le refoule vers la source chaude 20 où il se condense en refroidissant. La première 24 ou seconde 26 vanne de détente laisse passer le fluide frigorigène liquide vers la source froide 16 ou 18 correspondante en abaissant sa pression. Le sens de circulation du fluide frigorigène dans le circuit principal 14 est indiqué par des flèches sur la figure 1. The refrigerant passing through the first 16 or second cold source 18 vaporizes by removing heat at this first 16 or second cold source 18. The compressor 22 draws the vaporized fluid and delivers it to the hot source 20 where it condenses while cooling. The first 24 or second 26 expansion valve passes the liquid refrigerant to the corresponding cold source 16 or 18 by lowering its pressure. The direction of circulation of the refrigerant in the main circuit 14 is indicated by arrows in FIG.
On notera que le fluide frigorigène circulant dans le circuit principal 14 est de type classique. Ce fluide frigorigène est choisi par exemple parmi un dérivé chloré et fluoré du méthane ou de l'éthane (Fréon, R134a), un hydrocarbure, l'ammoniaque, le dioxyde de carbone, etc. La source chaude 20 comprend par exemple un échangeur thermique 27 fluide frigorigène/air, dit condenseur. It will be noted that the refrigerant circulating in the main circuit 14 is of conventional type. This refrigerant is selected for example from a chlorinated and fluorinated derivative of methane or ethane (Freon, R134a), a hydrocarbon, ammonia, carbon dioxide, etc. The hot source 20 comprises for example a heat exchanger 27 refrigerant / air, said condenser.
La première source froide 16, logée dans l'enceinte E, comme le module de batteries B, comporte un échangeur thermique 28 fluide frigorigène/air, dit évaporateur de batteries. The first cold source 16, housed in the enclosure E, as the battery module B, comprises a refrigerant / refrigerant heat exchanger 28, said battery evaporator.
De préférence, l'enceinte E comporte des moyens d'isolation thermique. Preferably, the enclosure E comprises thermal insulation means.
La seconde source froide 18 comporte un échangeur thermique 29 fluide frigorigène/air destiné à participer à la climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule. Cet échangeur 29, dit évaporateur d'habitacle, est raccordé en parallèle avec l'évaporateur de batteries 28 au circuit de fluide frigorigène 14. On notera donc que la pompe à chaleur 12 utilisée dans le cadre de l'invention participe à la climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule automobile ainsi qu'à la régulation thermique du module de batteries B. L'enceinte E, représentée plus en détail sur les figures 2 et 3, forme des moyens de guidage d'un flux d'air mis en circulation à travers le module de batteries B. Ce flux d'air est schématisé par des flèches F. Des moyens 32 de régulation thermique de ce flux d'air, comprenant notamment l'évaporateur de batterie 28, sont logés dans l'enceinte E. Les moyens 32 de régulation thermique du flux d'air F comportent en outre des moyens de chauffage 34, par exemple des moyens électriques de chauffage par effet Joule. Ces moyens de chauffage 34 comprennent une thermistance classique, notamment de type CTP (Coefficient de Température Positif), utilisée dans une plage de fonctionnement telle que la puissance délivrée par la thermistance diminue lorsque la température augmente. La puissance fournie par les moyens électriques de chauffage 34 dépend de la thermistance utilisée. Par exemple, on pourra utiliser une thermistance CTP participant à la climatisation de l'habitacle du véhicule. Dans d'autres cas, on pourra utiliser une thermistance CTP alimentée par le module de batteries. The second heat sink 18 comprises a refrigerant / air heat exchanger 29 for participating in the air conditioning of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. This exchanger 29, called cabin evaporator, is connected in parallel with the battery evaporator 28 to the refrigerant circuit 14. It will therefore be noted that the heat pump 12 used in the context of the invention contributes to the air conditioning of the the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle and the thermal regulation of the battery module B. The enclosure E, shown in greater detail in FIGS. 2 and 3, forms means for guiding a circulating air flow. through the battery module B. This flow of air is shown schematically by arrows F. Thermal control means 32 of this air flow, including the battery evaporator 28, are housed in the enclosure E. The means 32 for thermal regulation of the air flow F further comprise heating means 34, for example electric heating means by Joule effect. These heating means 34 comprise a conventional thermistor, in particular of the CTP (Positive Temperature Coefficient) type, used in an operating range such that the power delivered by the thermistor decreases as the temperature increases. The power supplied by the electric heating means 34 depends on the thermistor used. For example, we can use a PTC thermistor participating in the air conditioning of the passenger compartment of the vehicle. In other cases, a PTC thermistor powered by the battery module may be used.
En général, la puissance fournie par les moyens électriques de chauffage 34 est de l'ordre de 1 kW. In general, the power supplied by the electric heating means 34 is of the order of 1 kW.
Le flux d'air F passant à travers le module de batteries B ainsi qu'à travers les moyens de régulation thermique 32 est entraîné par un ventilateur classique 36 logé dans l'enceinte E. On notera que l'enceinte E est raccordée à des moyens 38 de mise en circulation d'air provenant de l'extérieur de l'enceinte E, c'est à dire d'une source externe à cette enceinte E. Ces moyens 38 de mise en circulation d'air comportent une ouverture d'entrée 38E de l'air dans l'enceinte E et une ouverture de sortie 38S de l'air de l'enceinte E, visible sur la figure 3. The flow of air F passing through the battery module B as well as through the thermal regulation means 32 is driven by a conventional fan 36 housed in the enclosure E. It will be noted that the enclosure E is connected to means 38 for circulating air coming from outside the enclosure E, that is to say from a source external to this enclosure E. These means 38 for circulating air comprise an opening of 38E air inlet in the enclosure E and 38S air outlet opening of the enclosure E, visible in Figure 3.
Les moyens 38 de mise en circulation d'air extérieur comportent en outre des moyens 40 d'obturation des ouvertures d'entrée 38E et de sortie 38S d'air. Ces moyens d'obturation 40 comportent un volet 42 déplaçable entre une position d'obturation des ouvertures d'entrée 38E et de sortie 38S et une position de canalisation de flux d'air entrant et sortant. The means 38 for circulating outside air further comprise means 40 for closing the inlet openings 38E and the outlet 38S of air. These shutter means 40 comprise a flap 42 movable between a closed position of the inlet 38E and 38S outlet openings and an inlet and outlet air flow pipe position.
Les moyens 38 de mise en circulation d'air extérieur comportent des moyens 44 de commande des moyens d'obturation 40 entre des configurations de mise en circulation de l'air dans l'enceinte E et d'isolation de cette enceinte E par rapport à l'air extérieur, telles que représentées respectivement sur les figures 3 et 2. The means 38 for circulating outside air comprise means 44 for controlling the shut-off means 40 between air circulation configurations in the enclosure E and isolation of this enclosure E with respect to the outside air, as shown respectively in Figures 3 and 2.
Ces moyens de commande 44 comportent un calculateur 46 pilotant le volet 42 en prenant en compte au moins un paramètre thermique. Ce paramètre thermique est par exemple choisi parmi une consigne pour la climatisation de l'habitacle, la température de l'air à l'intérieur de l'enceinte E, la température de l'air provenant de l'extérieur de l'enceinte E, et la température du module de batteries B. On décrira ci-dessous certains aspects du fonctionnement du dispositif de régulation thermique 10 liés à l'invention. These control means 44 comprise a computer 46 controlling the flap 42 taking into account at least one thermal parameter. This thermal parameter is for example chosen from a set point for the air conditioning of the passenger compartment, the air temperature inside the enclosure E, the temperature of the air coming from outside the enclosure E , and the temperature of the battery module B. Some aspects of the operation of the thermal control device 10 related to the invention will be described below.
1) Saison froide.1) Cold season.
a) Démarrage du véhicule.a) Starting the vehicle.
Lorsque la température des batteries est voisine de -18 C, le module de batteries B est réchauffé à l'aide des moyens de chauffage 34. L'air, contenu dans l'enceinte E, est entraîné par le ventilateur 36 à travers les moyens électrique de chauffage 34. Le volet 42 est fermé de manière à isoler l'enceinte E de l'extérieur (figure 2) et ainsi ne pas perdre de chaleur fournie par les moyens de chauffage 34. Le flux F d'air chauffé traverse donc le module de batteries B de manière à élever la température des batteries jusqu'à environ 5 ou 6 C. When the battery temperature is close to -18 C, the battery module B is heated by means of heating means 34. The air contained in the enclosure E is driven by the fan 36 through the means The shutter 42 is closed so as to isolate the enclosure E from the outside (FIG. 2) and thus not to lose heat supplied by the heating means 34. The heated air flow F therefore passes through the battery module B so as to raise the temperature of the batteries to about 5 or 6 C.
Le flux F d'air chauffé par les moyens de chauffage 34 permet aux batteries du module B d'atteindre rapidement une température pour laquelle elles sont susceptibles de délivrer une puissance électrique suffisante permettant une activation du mode de réalisation hybride ou électrique pure sans contrainte indésirable sur les batteries. The flow F of air heated by the heating means 34 enables the batteries of the module B to rapidly reach a temperature for which they are capable of delivering a sufficient electrical power allowing activation of the hybrid or pure electric embodiment without undesirable constraint. on the batteries.
b) Démarrage effectué et température des batteries sensiblement stabilisée. b) Startup done and battery temperature substantially stabilized.
Le volet 42 est ouvert de manière à ce que l'air provenant de l'extérieur de l'enceinte E, relativement froid en saison froide, participe au refroidissement du module de batteries B. Ainsi, grâce à l'ouverture de ce volet 42, il n'est généralement pas nécessaire d'activer la pompe à chaleur 12 en saison froide, sous réserve que la température de l'air extérieur soit suffisamment basse, par exemple inférieure à 10 C. The shutter 42 is open so that the air coming from outside the enclosure E, which is relatively cold in the cold season, contributes to the cooling of the battery module B. Thus, thanks to the opening of this shutter 42 , it is generally not necessary to activate the heat pump 12 in the cold season, provided that the outside air temperature is sufficiently low, for example less than 10 C.
2) Saison chaude.2) Hot season.
Le flux d'air F, traversant l'échangeur thermique 28, permet de refroidir le module de batteries B de façon à maintenir la température de ce module B en dessous d'un seuil garantissant une durée de vie optimale des batteries. Ce seuil est par exemple d'environ 40 C. Le refroidissement du flux d'air F est réalisé par transfert, via l'échangeur 28, de frigories provenant du liquide frigorigène, relativement froid, vers le flux d'air F circulant dans l'enceinte E. Durant la saison chaude, on choisira ou non d'ouvrir le volet 42 suivant la température de l'air extérieur. The flow of air F, passing through the heat exchanger 28, allows the cooling of the battery module B so as to maintain the temperature of the module B below a threshold ensuring optimal battery life. This threshold is, for example, approximately 40 ° C. The cooling of the air flow F is carried out by transfer, via the exchanger 28, of frigories coming from the refrigerant liquid, relatively cold, to the flow of air F circulating in the atmosphere. During the hot season, it will be decided whether or not to open the shutter 42 according to the temperature of the outside air.
Le cas échéant, le volet 42 est maintenu fermé pendant l'activation de la pompe à chaleur 12, afin que l'air froid, circulant en circuit fermé, soit utilisé uniquement pour refroidir le module de batteries. Ceci permet d'assécher l'air circulant dans l'enceinte E. En effet, l'humidité dont l'air est chargé est condensée sur l'évaporateur 28 dès les premiers instants de circulation de l'air à travers cet évaporateur 28. L'air circulant en circuit fermé dans l'enceinte E reste ensuite sec en permanence. Une grande partie de l'énergie utilisée pour la condensation de l'eau comprise dans l'air est donc économisée. If necessary, the shutter 42 is kept closed during the activation of the heat pump 12, so that the cold air, circulating in a closed circuit, is used only to cool the battery module. This makes it possible to dry the air circulating in the enclosure E. In fact, the humidity of which the air is charged is condensed on the evaporator 28 from the first instants of circulation of the air through this evaporator 28. The air circulating in closed circuit in the enclosure E then remains dry permanently. Much of the energy used for condensing the water in the air is saved.
De même qu'en saison froide, lorsque la température de l'air extérieur est suffisamment basse, le volet 42 est ouvert. Dans ce cas, la pompe à chaleur 12 est désactivée. As in the cold season, when the outside air temperature is low enough, the shutter 42 is open. In this case, the heat pump 12 is deactivated.
Parmi les avantages de l'invention, on notera que celle-ci permet d'optimiser le fonctionnement et la durée de vie du module de batteries B. En effet, en saison froide, le flux d'air chauffé, circulant à travers le module B de batteries permet d'élever rapidement la température des batteries jusqu'à une valeur permettant un bon fonctionnement de la machine électrique. Ensuite, la mise en circulation d'air froid dans l'enceinte E provenant de l'extérieur permet d'économiser de l'énergie en évitant d'activer la pompe à chaleur 12. Among the advantages of the invention, it will be noted that this makes it possible to optimize the operation and the service life of the battery module B. In fact, during the cold season, the flow of heated air flowing through the module B batteries allows to quickly raise the temperature of the batteries to a value allowing proper operation of the electric machine. Then, the introduction of cold air into the chamber E from outside saves energy by not activating the heat pump 12.
En saison chaude, le flux d'air F, refroidi par l'échangeur thermique 28 de la pompe à chaleur 12, permet de réduire si nécessaire la température du module de batteries B de façon à la stabiliser à une valeur garantissant une durée de vie relativement longue des batteries. Cet échangeur 28 est un échangeur fluide frigorigène/air plus efficace qu'un échangeur liquide caloporteur/air classique. In the hot season, the air flow F, cooled by the heat exchanger 28 of the heat pump 12, makes it possible to reduce the temperature of the battery module B if necessary so as to stabilize it to a value guaranteeing a lifetime relatively long battery. This exchanger 28 is a refrigerant / air exchanger more efficient than a heat exchanger liquid coolant / air conventional.
On notera par ailleurs que l'échangeur thermique 28 étant monté en parallèle par rapport à l'échangeur thermique de la source froide 18, ces deux échangeurs peuvent fonctionner indépendamment l'un de l'autre. L'habitacle et le module de batteries peuvent donc être régulés thermiquement de manière indépendante. Note also that the heat exchanger 28 being mounted in parallel with respect to the heat exchanger of the cold source 18, these two heat exchangers can operate independently of one another. The passenger compartment and the battery module can therefore be thermally controlled independently.
La pompe à chaleur 12 utilisée peut être une pompe à chaleur standard destinée à la climatisation de l'habitacle sur laquelle est raccordée l'évaporateur de batteries 28 en parallèle avec l'évaporateur d'habitacle. Il n'est pas nécessaire de modifier les dimensions du condenseur standard qui est généralement agencé sur la face avant du véhicule. The heat pump 12 used may be a standard heat pump for the air conditioning of the passenger compartment to which the battery evaporator 28 is connected in parallel with the passenger compartment evaporator. It is not necessary to modify the dimensions of the standard condenser which is generally arranged on the front of the vehicle.
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0400139A FR2865070B1 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2004-01-08 | IMPROVED THERMAL REGULATION DEVICE FOR A BATTERY MODULE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0400139A FR2865070B1 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2004-01-08 | IMPROVED THERMAL REGULATION DEVICE FOR A BATTERY MODULE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2865070A1 true FR2865070A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 |
| FR2865070B1 FR2865070B1 (en) | 2007-04-20 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0400139A Expired - Fee Related FR2865070B1 (en) | 2004-01-08 | 2004-01-08 | IMPROVED THERMAL REGULATION DEVICE FOR A BATTERY MODULE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE |
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| Country | Link |
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| FR (1) | FR2865070B1 (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2899019A1 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-09-28 | Renault Sas | Fuel cell device for motor vehicle, has main enclosure separated from stack of cells of fuel cell by inner air layer, where enclosure includes opening with shutter having closed position in which air layer is separated from exterior air |
| FR2911220A1 (en) * | 2007-01-08 | 2008-07-11 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Battery e.g. high voltage electric power supply battery, heating device for hybrid vehicle, has equipment connected on exhaust line to provide heat to battery, and pump permitting flow of coolant in heater circuit when engine is stopped |
| WO2008104359A1 (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-04 | Daimler Ag | Electrochemical single cells for a battery and battery |
| FR2933539A1 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-01-08 | Cooltech Applications | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THERMALLY REGULATING A RECHARGEABLE BATTERY FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY |
| EP2305496A1 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2011-04-06 | Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Device for cooling a heat source of a vehicle |
| WO2011157700A1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-22 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Heat conditioning system for a motor vehicle |
| WO2012063025A3 (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-07-05 | Ecotricity Group Ltd | Battery housing and a vehicle comprising such a housing |
| FR2975535A3 (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-23 | Renault Sa | Device for controlling temperature of electrical traction battery of car, has casing for locking traction battery in water-tight manner, and ventilator arranged inside casing for regulating circulation of gas coolant inside casing |
| FR2987499A1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-30 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Air-conditioning system for lead-acid battery connected to onboard network, to supply power to heat engine of car, has ventilator aspiring fresh air to generate air flow to cool battery, and resistor generating air flow for heating battery |
| US20150118536A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-04-30 | Valeo Japan Co., Ltd. | Battery Temperature Control Unit |
| EP2916383A4 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-11-18 | Nissan Motor | Battery temperature regulation device |
| US20150380781A1 (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-31 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Battery temperature regulating system |
| CN106739926A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 合肥同智机电控制技术有限公司 | A kind of electric automobile double evaporators joint refrigeration air-conditioning system |
| GB2558914A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-25 | Arrival Ltd | Thermal management unit and system |
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Cited By (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2899019A1 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-09-28 | Renault Sas | Fuel cell device for motor vehicle, has main enclosure separated from stack of cells of fuel cell by inner air layer, where enclosure includes opening with shutter having closed position in which air layer is separated from exterior air |
| FR2911220A1 (en) * | 2007-01-08 | 2008-07-11 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Battery e.g. high voltage electric power supply battery, heating device for hybrid vehicle, has equipment connected on exhaust line to provide heat to battery, and pump permitting flow of coolant in heater circuit when engine is stopped |
| WO2008096091A3 (en) * | 2007-01-08 | 2008-12-24 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Device and method for heating the battery of a hybrid vehicle |
| JP2010519713A (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2010-06-03 | ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | Electrochemical individual cells and batteries for batteries |
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| EP2305496A1 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2011-04-06 | Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Device for cooling a heat source of a vehicle |
| EP2305497A1 (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2011-04-06 | Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Device for cooling a heat source of a vehicle |
| FR2933539A1 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-01-08 | Cooltech Applications | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THERMALLY REGULATING A RECHARGEABLE BATTERY FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY |
| WO2010004131A2 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-01-14 | Cooltech Applications S.A.S. | Method and device providing the temperature regulation of a rechargeable electrical energy storage battery |
| WO2010004131A3 (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2010-04-01 | Cooltech Applications S.A.S. | Method and device providing the temperature regulation of a rechargeable electrical energy storage battery |
| US20130146251A1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2013-06-13 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Heat Conditioning System For A Motor Vehicle |
| CN103124645A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2013-05-29 | 法雷奥热系统公司 | Heat conditioning system for motor vehicle |
| FR2961445A1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-23 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | THERMAL CONDITIONING SYSTEM OF AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE |
| JP2013528529A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2013-07-11 | ヴァレオ システム テルミク | Automotive thermal conditioning system |
| US9803896B2 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2017-10-31 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Heat conditioning system for a motor vehicle |
| WO2011157700A1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-22 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Heat conditioning system for a motor vehicle |
| CN103124645B (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2017-08-04 | 法雷奥热系统公司 | Heat regulating system for motor vehicles |
| WO2012063025A3 (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-07-05 | Ecotricity Group Ltd | Battery housing and a vehicle comprising such a housing |
| FR2975535A3 (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-23 | Renault Sa | Device for controlling temperature of electrical traction battery of car, has casing for locking traction battery in water-tight manner, and ventilator arranged inside casing for regulating circulation of gas coolant inside casing |
| US20150118536A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-04-30 | Valeo Japan Co., Ltd. | Battery Temperature Control Unit |
| US9564667B2 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2017-02-07 | Valeo Japan Co. Ltd. | Battery temperature control unit including heat exchanger arranged in air flow passage of unit case |
| FR2987499A1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-30 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Air-conditioning system for lead-acid battery connected to onboard network, to supply power to heat engine of car, has ventilator aspiring fresh air to generate air flow to cool battery, and resistor generating air flow for heating battery |
| US9566859B2 (en) | 2012-11-05 | 2017-02-14 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Battery temperature control device |
| EP2916383A4 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2015-11-18 | Nissan Motor | Battery temperature regulation device |
| US20150380781A1 (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-31 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Battery temperature regulating system |
| US9583801B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-02-28 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Battery temperature regulating system |
| CN106739926A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 合肥同智机电控制技术有限公司 | A kind of electric automobile double evaporators joint refrigeration air-conditioning system |
| GB2558914A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-25 | Arrival Ltd | Thermal management unit and system |
| GB2558914B (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2021-03-31 | Arrival Ltd | Thermal management unit and system |
| US11001123B2 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2021-05-11 | Arrival Limited | Thermal management unit and system |
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