FR2848736A1 - Electrical supply to loads installed in a motor vehicle, uses supercapacitors to handle peak demands in supply of electrical load in vehicle - Google Patents

Electrical supply to loads installed in a motor vehicle, uses supercapacitors to handle peak demands in supply of electrical load in vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2848736A1
FR2848736A1 FR0216030A FR0216030A FR2848736A1 FR 2848736 A1 FR2848736 A1 FR 2848736A1 FR 0216030 A FR0216030 A FR 0216030A FR 0216030 A FR0216030 A FR 0216030A FR 2848736 A1 FR2848736 A1 FR 2848736A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
supercapacitors
supply
storage means
vehicle
supercapacitor
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Granted
Application number
FR0216030A
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French (fr)
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FR2848736B1 (en
Inventor
Denis Porcellato
Eric Gimet
Joseph Beretta
Jean Francois Fauvarque
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PSA Automobiles SA
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Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Priority to FR0216030A priority Critical patent/FR2848736B1/en
Publication of FR2848736A1 publication Critical patent/FR2848736A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2848736B1 publication Critical patent/FR2848736B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The electric supply to a load (1) has an energy storage (2) and a power storage (3) connected in parallel. The power storage has a supercapacitor (4) connected in series with batteries or a fuel cell (3). The supercapacitor is made up of a number of supercapacitors in series. A resistance (5) is placed between the active terminals of the energy storage and the supercapacitors.

Description

La présente invention concerne un système d'alimentation électriqueThe present invention relates to a power supply system

d'au moins une charge notamment embarquée à bord d'un véhicule automobile.  at least one load, in particular on board a motor vehicle.

L'augmentation des besoins d'alimentation en énergie électrique notamment à bord des véhicules automobiles conduit actuellement à un surdimen5 sionnement par exemple des batteries embarquées à bord de ceux-ci, pour d'une part, assurer l'apport d'énergie et d'autre part, supporter les pics de courant que l'on peut observer dans ce type d'applications.  The increase in the need for electric power supply, notably on board motor vehicles, is currently leading to an oversizing, for example of the batteries on board these, on the one hand, ensuring the supply of energy and d on the other hand, withstand the current peaks that can be observed in this type of application.

On conçoit également que de telles contraintes ont des répercussions sur la durée de vie d'une batterie.  It is also understood that such constraints have repercussions on the life of a battery.

Par ailleurs, on sait également que l'utilisation de ce type de matériels n'est pas optimisée pour une récupération d'énergie.  Furthermore, we also know that the use of this type of equipment is not optimized for energy recovery.

Le but de l'invention est donc de résoudre ces problèmes.  The object of the invention is therefore to solve these problems.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un système d'alimentation électrique d'au moins une charge notamment embarquée à bord d'un véhicule automo15 bile, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de stockage d'énergie et des moyens de stockage de puissance, raccordés en parallèle et en ce que des moyens formant supercondensateur sont raccordés en série avec les moyens de stockage de puissance.  To this end, the subject of the invention is an electrical power supply system for at least one load, in particular on board an auto-bile vehicle, characterized in that it includes energy storage means and means power storage, connected in parallel and in that supercapacitor means are connected in series with the power storage means.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques - les moyens formant supercondensateur comprennent plusieurs supercondensateurs associés; - les supercondensateurs sont en série; - une impédance de couplage est raccordée entre les moyens de stockage d'énergie et la branche comportant les moyens de stockage de puis25 sance en série avec les moyens formant supercondensateur; - les moyens de stockage d'énergie comprennent une batterie plombacide; - les moyens de stockage de puissance comprennent une batterie NiMH.  According to other characteristics - the means forming a supercapacitor comprise several associated supercapacitors; - the supercapacitors are in series; - A coupling impedance is connected between the energy storage means and the branch comprising the power storage means 25 in series with the means forming a supercapacitor; - The energy storage means include a lead acid battery; - The power storage means include a NiMH battery.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels: - la Fig.1 représente un schéma synoptique illustrant la structure d'un système d'alimentation selon l'invention; et - la Fig.2 représente un exemple détaillé de réalisation d'un tel système.  The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which: - Fig.1 represents a block diagram illustrating the structure of a feeding system according to the invention; and - Fig.2 shows a detailed example of embodiment of such a system.

L'invention se rapporte donc à un système d'alimentation électrique d'au moins une charge, qui est désignée par la référence générale 1 sur la figure 1, et qui est par exemple embarquée à bord d'un véhicule automobile.  The invention therefore relates to a power supply system for at least one load, which is designated by the general reference 1 in Figure 1, and which is for example on board a motor vehicle.

Ce système comporte des moyens de stockage d'énergie désignés par la référence générale 2 et des moyens de stockage de puissance désignés par la référence générale 3, qui sont raccordés en parallèle et des moyens formant supercondensateur désignés par la référence générale 4, raccordés en sé10 rie avec les moyens de stockage de puissance.  This system includes energy storage means designated by the general reference 2 and power storage means designated by the general reference 3, which are connected in parallel and means forming a supercapacitor designated by the general reference 4, connected in series. laughs with the means of power storage.

Comme cela est illustré, ces moyens formant supercondensateur peuvent comporter plusieurs supercondensateurs associés par exemple en série et une impédance résistive et/ou inductive de couplage désignée par la référence générale 5 sur la figure 1, peut être raccordée entre les moyens de stockage 15 d'énergie 2 et la branche comportant les moyens de stockage de puissance 3 en série avec les moyens formant supercondensateur 4. Ces moyens formant supercondensateur peuvent comporter plusieurs supercondensateurs associés par exemple en série.  As illustrated, these supercapacitor means can comprise several supercapacitors associated for example in series and a resistive and / or inductive coupling impedance designated by the general reference 5 in FIG. 1, can be connected between the storage means 15 of energy 2 and the branch comprising the power storage means 3 in series with the means forming a supercapacitor 4. These means forming a supercapacitor may comprise several associated supercapacitors for example in series.

Un supercondensateur est un composant de puissance de faible éner20 gie spécifique et il doit donc être le plus souvent utilisé avec d'autres moyens d'apport en énergie, tels que par exemple une batterie.  A supercapacitor is a power component of specific low energy and it must therefore most often be used with other means of energy supply, such as for example a battery.

L'association de supercondensateurs avec une batterie permet donc de séparer les fonctions puissance et énergie.  The association of supercapacitors with a battery therefore makes it possible to separate the power and energy functions.

De tels supercondensateurs permettent alors de fournir un apport de 25 puissance afin notamment d'optimiser le dimensionnement de la batterie et de moins la solliciter au niveau des pics de courant, ce qui permet d'augmenter sa durée de vie.  Such supercapacitors then make it possible to provide a supply of power in order in particular to optimize the dimensioning of the battery and to less demand it at the level of current peaks, which makes it possible to increase its lifespan.

On sait par ailleurs, que les supercondensateurs permettent de mieux récupérer par exemple de l'énergie électrique en association avec des moyens 30 de freinage électrique, par exemple d'un véhicule.  It is also known that supercapacitors make it possible to better recover, for example, electrical energy in association with means 30 for electric braking, for example of a vehicle.

Dans le cadre d'une application par exemple dans un véhicule hybride, l'association supercondensateur/batterie permet un meilleur rendement au niveau de l'utilisation de l'énergie électrique et donc une consommation de carburant plus basse.  In the context of an application, for example in a hybrid vehicle, the combination of supercapacitor and battery allows better efficiency in terms of the use of electrical energy and therefore lower fuel consumption.

Grâce à la structure du système selon l'invention, on peut associer des supercondensateurs à des batteries, sans utiliser de moyens de gestion électroniques coteux.  Thanks to the structure of the system according to the invention, it is possible to associate supercapacitors with batteries, without using expensive electronic management means.

Par ailleurs, elle permet d'utiliser au mieux les différents composants, c'est-à-dire les supercondensateurs et les batteries.  In addition, it makes it possible to make the best use of the various components, that is to say the supercapacitors and the batteries.

En effet, dans l'architecture proposée, les supercondensateurs sont utilisés dans toute leur plage de tension en exploitant leur bipolarité.  In fact, in the proposed architecture, supercapacitors are used throughout their voltage range by exploiting their bipolarity.

Un avantage d'une telle structure est donc une exploitation totale de l'énergie stockée dans les supercondensateurs (1/2 CU2). On sait en effet que 10 généralement, les supercondensateurs sont utilisés entre les tensions U et U/2, ce qui fait que seulement les 3/4 de l'énergie stockée dans ces supercondensateurs sont mis en jeu.  An advantage of such a structure is therefore a total exploitation of the energy stored in the supercapacitors (1/2 CU2). It is known in fact that generally, the supercapacitors are used between the voltages U and U / 2, so that only 3/4 of the energy stored in these supercapacitors is used.

Par ailleurs, l'exploitation de la bipolarité de tels supercondensateurs permet de doubler la plage d'énergie mise en jeu (- 1/2 CU2, 1/2 CU2).  Furthermore, the use of the bipolarity of such supercapacitors makes it possible to double the energy range involved (- 1/2 CU2, 1/2 CU2).

Dans une telle structure, le supercondensateur joue donc le rôle d'un interrupteur progressif permettant de gérer le flux d'énergie de la branche puissance et d'interrompre le courant naturellement.  In such a structure, the supercapacitor therefore plays the role of a progressive switch enabling the energy flow of the power branch to be managed and the current to be interrupted naturally.

L'impédance de couplage 5 permet de limiter le courant provenant de la source de stockage d'énergie.  The coupling impedance 5 makes it possible to limit the current coming from the energy storage source.

Cette impédance de couplage peut ne pas être nécessaire si la résistance interne de cette source est adaptée.  This coupling impedance may not be necessary if the internal resistance of this source is suitable.

Une telle architecture peut être étendue à tout système de couplage entre une source de puissance et une source d'énergie (par exemple pile à combustible, volant d'inertie, etc...).  Such an architecture can be extended to any coupling system between a power source and an energy source (for example fuel cell, flywheel, etc.).

On a représenté sur la figure 2, un exemple de réalisation d'une telle structure dans lequel on met en jeu les éléments et les paramètres suivants.  FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of such a structure in which the following elements and parameters are brought into play.

L'application envisagée est une application à 42 volts d'une puissance de 300 W moyen 3 kW en transitoire.  The envisaged application is a 42 volt application with a power of 300 W average 3 kW transient.

Les moyens de stockage et de puissance sont formés par une batterie 30 au plomb-acide de 40 Ah/36V.  The storage and power means are formed by a lead-acid battery 30 of 40 Ah / 36V.

L'impédance de couplage présente une résistance d'une valeur de 0,6 Q2. Les moyens de stockage de puissance sont quant à eux formés par une batterie de type Ni-MH de 4 Ah et les moyens formant supercondensateur sont quant à eux formés de trois éléments supercondensateurs de 3000F.  The coupling impedance has a resistance of 0.6 Q2. The power storage means are formed by a 4 Ah Ni-MH type battery and the means forming a supercapacitor are formed by three 3000F supercapacitor elements.

On conçoit alors qu'une telle architecture présente un certain nombre 5 d'avantages car elle ne nécessite pas un nombre élevé de supercondensateurs tout en permettant d'exploiter tout le potentiel énergétique de ceux-ci, sans être associée à des moyens de gestion électroniques coteux.  It is therefore conceivable that such an architecture has a certain number of advantages since it does not require a high number of supercapacitors while making it possible to exploit the full energy potential of these, without being associated with electronic management means. costly.

De nombreuses applications d'un tel système peuvent être envisagées, notamment dans les véhicules automobiles.  Many applications of such a system can be envisaged, in particular in motor vehicles.

Bien entendu, d'autres modes de réalisation en particulier des moyens de stockage peuvent être envisagés.  Of course, other embodiments, in particular storage means, can be envisaged.

Ainsi, les moyens de stockage d'énergie peuvent être formés par une batterie Lithium, Ni-MH ou encore une pile à combustible, etc..  Thus, the energy storage means can be formed by a Lithium, Ni-MH battery or even a fuel cell, etc.

De même, les moyens de stockage de puissance peuvent également 15 être formés par ce type de batterie ou de pile ou encore par un volant d'inertie, etc...  Similarly, the power storage means can also be formed by this type of battery or by a flywheel, etc.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Système d'alimentation électrique d'au moins une charge (1) notamment embarquée à bord d'un véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de stockage d'énergie (2) et des moyens de stockage de 5 puissance (3), raccordés en parallèle et en ce que des moyens formant supercondensateur (4) sont raccordés en série avec les moyens de stockage de puissance (3).  1. Power supply system for at least one load (1) in particular on board a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises energy storage means (2) and storage means for 5 power (3), connected in parallel and in that supercapacitor means (4) are connected in series with the power storage means (3). 2. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens formant supercondensateur (4) comprennent plusieurs supercondensateurs as10 sociés.  2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the means forming a supercapacitor (4) comprise several associated as10 supercapacitors. 3. Système selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les supercondensateurs sont en série.  3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that the supercapacitors are in series. 4. Système selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une impédance de couplage (5) est raccordée entre les moyens de stockage 15 d'énergie (2) et la branche comportant les moyens de stockage de puissance (3) en série avec les moyens formant supercondensateur (4).  4. System according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a coupling impedance (5) is connected between the energy storage means (2) and the branch comprising the power storage means (3 ) in series with the means forming a supercapacitor (4). 5. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de stockage d'énergie comprennent une batterie plomb-acide.  5. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy storage means comprise a lead-acid battery. 6. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de stockage de puissance comprennent une batterie Ni-MH.  6. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power storage means comprise a Ni-MH battery.
FR0216030A 2002-12-17 2002-12-17 POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF AT LEAST ONE LOAD Expired - Lifetime FR2848736B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2874136A1 (en) * 2004-08-09 2006-02-10 Valeo Securite Habitacle Sas Window regulator or lock`s electrical actuator supply device for motor vehicle, has voltage converter delivering regulated voltage to supply actuator, electrical switch unit to select either battery or electric energy storage units
EP2143124A4 (en) * 2007-04-04 2017-06-28 Cooper Technologies Company System and method for boosting battery output

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10946746B2 (en) 2019-01-28 2021-03-16 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vehicle power system including ultra-capacitor for mitigating transient current events

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2751145A1 (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-16 Renault Control of charge on super-capacitor supplementing battery of motor vehicle
EP0865142A1 (en) * 1997-03-13 1998-09-16 Renault Electric power supply device with secondary battery and supercapacitor
EP1130737A1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2001-09-05 Renault Autonomous electrical installation, especially for vehicle
WO2001086737A2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-15 Gp Batteries International Multiple battery system and method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2751145A1 (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-16 Renault Control of charge on super-capacitor supplementing battery of motor vehicle
EP0865142A1 (en) * 1997-03-13 1998-09-16 Renault Electric power supply device with secondary battery and supercapacitor
EP1130737A1 (en) * 2000-03-03 2001-09-05 Renault Autonomous electrical installation, especially for vehicle
WO2001086737A2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-15 Gp Batteries International Multiple battery system and method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BONERT R ET AL: "SUPER-CAPACITORS FOR PEAK LOAD SHAVING OF BATTERIES", EPE '97. 7TH. EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS. TRONDHEIM, SEPT. 8 - 10, 1997, EPE. EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS, BRUSSELS, EPE ASSOCIATION, B, vol. 1 CONF. 7, 8 September 1997 (1997-09-08), pages 1055 - 1060, XP000769079, ISBN: 90-75815-02-6 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2874136A1 (en) * 2004-08-09 2006-02-10 Valeo Securite Habitacle Sas Window regulator or lock`s electrical actuator supply device for motor vehicle, has voltage converter delivering regulated voltage to supply actuator, electrical switch unit to select either battery or electric energy storage units
EP2143124A4 (en) * 2007-04-04 2017-06-28 Cooper Technologies Company System and method for boosting battery output

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