FR2845405A1 - COMBINED MAT FOR A CONSTRUCTION MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

Mast for a construction machine whose end receives a tool as well as hydraulic cylinders for lifting and deploying the mast and pivoting the tool. He understands A. a telescopic mast of polygonal section having a main mast, an auxiliary mast, an extension cylinder, controlling the auxiliary mast (MA); B. an arrow of section corresponding to that of the auxiliary mast (MA) slidably housed in the auxiliary mast (MA), a jib extension cylinder; C. a beam with a section smaller than that of the auxiliary mast (MA) to slide in the auxiliary mast (MA), the foot of which is articulated to the head of the jib, a jib ram (V-BA), resting in the jib; D. a tool holder head articulated to the head of the balance (BA), a digging cylinder to control the tilting of the tool holder, relative to the balance (BA).

Description

The present invention relates to a mast for a construction machine of which

  the end receives a tool as well as hydraulic cylinders

  lifting and deploying the mast and pivoting the tool.

  There are many realizations of construction equipment equipped with a telescopic mast or an arm carrying a pendulum, and receiving at the end, a bucket or blade to perform earthworks or a fork to lift and transport charges.

  The present invention aims to develop such a mast to multiply the possibilities and the range while reducing its size.

  To this end, the invention relates to a mast of the type defined above, characterized in that it comprises A. a telescopic mast of polygonal section having - a main mast, - an auxiliary mast sliding in abutment in the main mast, - a cylinder d 'extension (V-MA), controlling the auxiliary mast, B. an arrow (FL) of section corresponding to that of the auxiliary mast; - housed in sliding in the auxiliary mast, - a boom extension cylinder, 20 C. a pendulum - of section smaller than that of the auxiliary mast to slide in the auxiliary mast, - whose foot is articulated at the head of the arrow, - a pendulum cylinder, supported in the arrow; 25 D. a tool holder head, - articulated to the balance head, - a tilt cylinder to control the tilting of the tool holder,

relative to the pendulum.

  This combined mast, which is practically grouped in the length of the telescopic mast, that is to say the main mast, can be deployed telescopically not only for the parts of the telescopic mast, that is to say the main mast and the mast auxiliary but also for

  the length partly of the boom and of the pendulum.

  This allows lifting operations, of large reach. 35 When the auxiliary mast is engaged in the main mast but the boom and the pendulum are out, this makes it possible to work as an excavator or machine of this type.

  When the auxiliary mast is engaged in the main mast and the boom and the pendulum are engaged in the auxiliary mast, the mast thus grouped, can receive a blade allowing earthmoving or clearing work in the manner of a bulldozer.

  Many other functions are possible for a

  construction machine equipped with such a combined mast and receiving the appropriate tools on its tool holder head.

  According to another advantageous characteristic, the mast extension cylinder is mounted on top of the main mast and the auxiliary mast, avoids cluttering the interior of the telescopic assembly and leaves

  more room for other elements such as the boom and balance with the actuators that actuate them. Thus the boom extension cylinder is connected by its head to the head of the boom and by its foot to the foot of the auxiliary mast.

  Its arrangement of cylinders makes it possible not only to group the assembly more easily, but also to protect these cylinders under certain conditions of use of the mast, in particular when the mast is provided.

  a bucket or blade for clearing work.

  According to another advantageous characteristic, the balance cylinder connected by its head to the base of the balance at a point different from the articulation of the balance to the boom.

  According to another advantageous characteristic, the tool holder head is connected to the balance head by a first articulation and an articulation compass with two connecting rods, one of which is connected to a second articulation of the tool holder head and the other connecting rod is connected to the pendulum 25 between its head and its foot, a free articulation connecting the two connecting rods at the top of the compass, this articulation being connected to the head of the tilt cylinder. According to another advantageous characteristic, the main mast is equipped with sliding plates in the upper and lower part inside, at its end close to the head, the auxiliary mast is provided with sliding plates in the upper and lower part, at the outside, near its foot, the mast

  auxiliary bearing against the sliding plates of the main mast by its outer surface and by its sliding plates against the inner surface of the main mast.

  The sliding plates interposed between the main mast 35 and the auxiliary mast facilitate the telescopic movements of the auxiliary mast, even when the assembly is strongly stressed by a load or

  by the efforts to be made for the execution of an operation.

  For the same reasons it is advantageous that the auxiliary masts comprise near the head and externally, a reinforcement in the form of a belt carrying the yoke to which the elongation head of the mast is connected. This yoke makes it possible to transmit even significant forces to the auxiliary mast which, moreover, has the advantage of being pulled by the extension cylinder, bearing at the front end of the auxiliary mast. As on the other hand this extension cylinder is located outside and protected on top of the main mast and the auxiliary mast, it can be a very long cylinder, using all the available length of the main mast and auxiliary mast.

  As the mast extension cylinder is located outside, the bottom of the main mast and especially that of the auxiliary mast can be closed by a reinforcement plate.

  Finally, it is particularly advantageous that the main mast and the auxiliary mast are of rectangular section. This shape corresponds to a simple realization of the masts while offering good surfaces

of support distributing the efforts.

  According to another advantageous characteristic, the boom is a box of rectangular cross section, less than that of the auxiliary mast 20 for sliding therein, the lower side and the upper side of the boom

  comprising sliding plates and internally the structure is provided with reinforcements transversely carrying the axis of the foot of the balance cylinder.

  According to another advantageous characteristic, the pendulum 25 has a mechanically welded structure, connected by its foot to the articulation axis of the pendulum and at the same time serving as a fixing axis for the head of the jack.

boom extension.

  According to another advantageous characteristic, the pendulum has a split axis at its foot, and the tilt cylinder is split, as does the compass to receive a double tilt cylinder.

  Drawings The present invention will be described below in more detail using an embodiment shown schematically in the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a sectional view of a combined mast according to the invention , the different elements being retracted, - Figure 2 is a bottom view of the combined mast of Figure 1, also showing the section plane II, - Figure 3 is a front view, exploded of the various components of the combined mast of Figure 1, - Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the combined mast of Figure 1, - Figure 5 is a perspective view from below of the main mast, - Figure 6 is a bottom view of the auxiliary mast , - Figure 6A is a section along a median plane (6-6) of the auxiliary mast of Figure 6, - Figure 7 is a perspective view from below of the arrow of the mast of Figure 1, - Figure 8 is a side view of the retracted combined mast, with a retracted boom and a pendulum in the extended position, - Figure 9 is a side view of the mast combined with the auxiliary mast retracted, the extended boom and the pendulum in the extended position, - Figure 10 is a side view of the mast combined with the auxiliary mast extended, the boom extended and the balance in the extended position, FIG. 10A is a sectional view along a median plane of the combined mast in the position of FIG. 10, - FIG. 11 is a side view of the combined mast with auxiliary mast ren20 tré, boom extended and balance in intermediate position, - Figure 1i1A is a sectional view of the combined mast in the position of Figure 11, - Figure 12 is a side view of the combined mast whose auxiliary mast is retracted, the boom extended and the balance in the folded position, - Figure 12A is a sectional view through a median plane of the combined mast of Figure 12, - Figure 13 is a side view of the combined mast, the auxiliary mast being extended, the boom being extended and the balance in the intermediate position, - Figure 13A is a sectional view corresponding to Figure 13, - Figure 14 is a side view of the mast combined with the auxiliary mast extended, the boom extended and the balance in the folded position, - Figure 14A is a sectional view through a median plane of the mast in the position of Figure 14, - Figure 15 is an offset view of the mast combined with the auxiliary mast 35 extended and the boom and the balance returned,

  FIG. 15A is a sectional view through a median plane of FIG. 15.

  Description of a preferred embodiment

  The structure of the combined mast will be described below using Figures 1 7 and the different possibilities of extension and movement

  of the combined mast will be described using Figures 8 - 15.

  According to Figures 1 to 7, the invention relates to a combined mast for a construction machine not shown. This mast is pivotally mounted on a support carried by the machine to tilt about a normally horizontal axis. The tilting is controlled by a jack.

  According to the invention, the combined mast comprises a telescopic mast comprising a main mast MP and an auxiliary mast MA, a boom FL, a pendulum BA and a tool holder head TPO.

  The telescopic mast is formed of a main mast MP provided with a hinge yoke 1 for the axis carried by the machine and a yoke 2 for the head of the jack controlling the pivoting of the combined mast. This main mast MP of polygonal section, here of rectangular section, receives an auxiliary mast MA of section corresponding to that of the main mast MP and sliding therein telescopically. The movement of the auxiliary mast MA relative to the main mast MP is controlled by an auxiliary mast cylinder V-MA formed by a tube 3, the foot 4 of which is connected to a yoke 5 carried by the top of the main mast MP, by example by means of a reinforcing strip 6, projecting from the sides. The V-MA jack also includes a piston and its rod 7, the head (jack head) 8 of which is connected to a yoke 9 carried by the front end of the telescopic mast MA. This yoke 9 is connected to a belt 10 surrounding in a peripheral manner the telescopic mast MA at its front end. The bottom 11 of the main mast MP is closed by a reinforcement plate, welded, provided with orifices for the passage of the pipes of

  fluid supplying the cylinders housed inside the combined mast.

  The bottom 12 of the auxiliary mast MA is also closed by a reinforcing plate, welded, provided with orifices for the passage of

  supply lines for the cylinders housed inside the combined mast.

  At the front end 13, on the lower internal face and the internal upper face of the main mast MP, sliding plates 35, 15 have been fixed. Conversely, the telescopic mast MA has at its rear part, on the lower face and the upper face, outside, a sliding plate 16 and 17; when the auxiliary mast MA is engaged in the main mast MP, the sliding surfaces 16, 17 of the foot of the auxiliary mast MA slide against the upper and lower internal faces of the main mast MP and likewise the part of the auxiliary mast MA, before exit the front end 13 of the mast

  main MP, slides on the sliding plates 14, 15.

  The length along the axis is reduced to a minimum, sliding plates 14, 15 of the primary mast MP and those 16, 17 of the auxiliary mast MA because they meet at the end of the telescopic deployment stroke of the auxiliary mast and thus define the maximum extension of

  the assembly constituted by the two masts MP, MA.

  The arrow FL has a section corresponding to that of the mast

  auxiliary MA, that is to say a rectangular section. The arrow FL is intended to slide in the auxiliary mast MA with the pendulum BA.

  The arrow FL (Figure 7) is a box section construction of rectangular section, the front end of which ends in two triangular sides 15, carrying the axis 20 of the pendulum. At this level the outer ends of the boom are provided with lateral reinforcements 21. The lower face and the upper face 22, 23 of the box of the boom FL are provided with sliding plates 24, 25 on their outer faces. These sliding plates occupy the entire surface of the upper face 23 of the housing and a corresponding surface of the lower face 22. These plates

  sliding can have such a large surface area because the interior surface of the MA telescopic mast is free.

  The arrow FL is provided with a reinforcing partition 26, horizontal, extending over a large part of the length of the arrow, at a certain distance above the bottom, ending in a bias portion 27 joining the nose of the arrow, behind the part carrying the axis 20

balance wheel.

  There are also provided inside the box of the arrow FL, two reinforcements 28, 29 carrying the axis 30 for the jack V-BA of the pendulum. 30 The telescopic movement of the boom FL relative to the telescopic mast MA is controlled by a boom extension cylinder V-FL, the tube 31 of which is housed in the telescopic mast MA near its lower side, the foot of the tube 31 being articulated near the bottom 12 of the MA telescopic mast. The piston with the rod 32 are carried by the arrow, the end of the rod, that is to say the head of the jack being articulated around the axis 20 of the pendulum. The rod 32 and the tube 31 of the cylinder V-FL are located close enough to the bottom of the auxiliary mast MA and the arrow FL to

  come under the interior reinforcement partition 26.

  The space above this partition 26 is reserved for the jack of the V-BA pendulum and the movements which it has to carry out. As these movements are an extension combined with a pivoting, it is preferable that the internal reinforcement partition 26 is as close as possible to the bottom of the arrow FL.

  The arrow FL carries the pendulum BA articulated around the axis 20. The pendulum consists of an elongated box 40, of section much smaller than the interior section of the auxiliary mast MA. This substantially L-shaped box has a main branch directed from front to rear 1o terminated by a transverse branch 41. These two branches 40, 41

  leave the hinge pin 20. The branch 40 is connected at its front end by a pin 42 to the tool-holder head TPO and the branch 41 is connected by its end other than that of the axis 20, by a articulation 43 at the head of the V-BA balance cylinder, the base of the VBA cylinder being carried by the axis 15 30 of the bridge formed by the plates 28, 29 of the arrow FL.

  At the branch 41 there is also a hinge pin 44 for the foot of the V-TPO digging cylinder connected to the tool holder head TPO by means of a double compass formed by two connecting rods 51, 52 , the top 53 of which is articulated at the head of the jacking jack 20 V-TPO. The other end of the first connecting rod 51 is articulated to the pendulum

  around an axis 54 located between the axis 43 of the tool-holder head TPO and the articulation axis 20 of the pendulum on the arrow FL. The other connecting rod 52 is articulated by an axis 55 at the head TPO. The double compass 51, 52 is formed by two sets of connecting rods 51, 52 placed on each side of the box 40 of the pendulum BA, crossed by the axis 54. Advantageously, the jacking jack V-TPO is split.

  The combined mast described above operates under the following conditions, which will be described using different end positions or limit positions shown in Figures 8 to 15. In these 30 figures, only the main elements are provided with references for the

description of operation.

  Thus according to Figure 8, the combined mast is in its most folded position. The auxiliary mast is fully engaged in the main mast, the V-MA mast extension cylinder being retracted. The boom FL 35 is itself retracted into the auxiliary mast and the balance is in the extended position, almost completely retracted into the auxiliary mast at the

following the arrow FL.

  FIG. 8 shows a position of the elements of the combined mast to which one arrives after deployment of the boom and of the pendulum: the auxiliary mast MA has always returned to the main mast MP but the arrow FL has been taken out by the jack V-FL and the BA balance is always in alignment with the arrow FL.

  Figure 10 shows a position that can be reached from the position of Figure 9. In this position the auxiliary mast MA is out, the arrow FL is out and the balance BA is in the extended position.

  The transition from the position of Figure 9 to that of Figure 10 is done by 1o deployment of the mast extension cylinder V-MA, the other elements of the

  combined mast having kept the position they had in Figure 9.

  FIG. 10A shows in section the auxiliary mast MA, the arrow FL and the pendulum BA. This figure shows the deployment of the V-MA mast extension cylinder and the V-FL boom extension cylinder. 15 These two cylinders are deployed while the V-BA balance cylinder is in

  retracted position as well as the V-TPO tilt cylinder.

  Figure 11 shows a position different from that of Figure 10 but obtained from the position of Figure 9. In this position of Figure 11, the auxiliary mast MA is retracted, the arrow FL 20 is out and the pendulum BA is in an intermediate position, tilted around its articulation axis 20 with the arrow FL by the control of the

  V-BA balance cylinder. The tilt cylinder has not changed.

  Figure 1i1A shows the arrangement of parts according to Figure 11, in section.

  Figure 12 shows a position obtained from that of Figure 11: the BA balance was put in the folded position by the control of the V-BA balance cylinder. The other elements of the combined mast

have retained their position.

  FIG. 12A shows in section the arrangement of the various elements constituting the combined mast, for the position shown in the

figure 12.

  Figure 13 shows a position that can be reached from the position of Figure II but after deployment of the extension cylinder of the mast V-MA, the other elements having retained their position.

  FIG. 13A shows in section the position of the parts of the mast according to FIG. 13.

  Figure 14 shows the balance more folded relative to the position of Figure 13. The mast is deployed, the auxiliary mast MA being

  got out; the arrow FL is out and the pendulum BA is in the folded position.

  Figure 14A is a sectional view showing the arrangement of the parts according to Figure 14. Figure 15 is a sectional view showing the retracted position of the arrow FL and the pendulum BA but after deployment of the auxiliary mast MA relative to the main mast MP by the extension cylinder

of the V-MA mast.

  The various cylinders of the combined mast are supplied by hydraulic circuits connected to a control control managing the operation according to the possibilities of the tool installed at the end of the combined mast and the authorized movements of the various components of the combined mast. The prohibitions include, for example, the ban on controlling the V-TPO tilt cylinder when the balance is still

engaged in the MA auxiliary mast.

  This management of the functions of the combined mast also takes account of the movements of lifting the mast and pivoting the mast around a vertical axis.

Claims (2)

REVE N D I CATI O N S   1) Mast for a construction machine, the end of which receives a tool as well as hydraulic cylinders for lifting and deploying the mast and pivoting the tool, characterized in that it comprises A. a telescopic mast of polygonal section having - a main mast (MP), - an auxiliary mast (MA) sliding in abutment in the main mast (MP), - an extension cylinder (V-MA), controlling the auxiliary mast (MA); B. an arrow (FL) of section corresponding to that of the auxiliary mast (MA), housed in sliding in the auxiliary mast (MA), 15 - a boom extension cylinder (V-FL); C. a pendulum (BA) - of section smaller than that of the auxiliary mast (MA) to slide in the auxiliary mast (MA), - whose foot is articulated at the head of the boom (FL), - a pendulum cylinder (V-BA), pressed in the arrow; D. a tool holder head (TPO) - articulated to the balance head (BA), - a tilt cylinder (V-TPO) to control the tilting of the tool holder, relative to the balance (BA). 25) Combined mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension cylinder (V-MA) of the mast is mounted on top of the main mast (MP) and the auxiliary mast (MA). 30) Combined mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the boom extension cylinder (V-FL) is connected, by its head, to the head of the boom (FL) and by its foot, to the foot of the auxiliary mast (MA). 35) Combined mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the balance cylinder (V-BA) is connected, by its head, to the foot of the balance (BA)   at a different point from the articulation of the pendulum (BA) to the arrow (FL).   ) Combined mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool-holder head (TPO) is connected to the balance head (BA) by a first articulation and an articulation compass with two connecting rods (51, 52) of which l one is connected to a second articulation (55) of the tool-holder head (TPO) and the other connecting rod (51) is connected (54) to the balance (BA) between its head and its foot, a free articulation (53 ) connecting the two connecting rods (51, 52) to the top 10 of the compass, this articulation being connected (53) to the head of the tilt cylinder (V-TPO). ) Combined mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the main mast (MP) is equipped with sliding plates at the top and bottom inside (15, 16), at its end (13) near the head, the auxiliary mast (MA) is provided with sliding plates at the top and bottom, outside (16, 17), near its foot, the auxiliary mast (MA) pressing against the sliding plates of the mast 20 main (MP) by its external surface and by its sliding plates,   against the inner surface of the main mast (MP).   ) Combined mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary mast (MA) comprises near the head and externally a belt-shaped reinforcement (10) carrying a yoke (9) for the head of the jack mast extension (V-MA).   ) Combined mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the main mast (MP) and / or the auxiliary mast (MA) have a bottom on the side of   their foot which is closed by a reinforcing plate (11, 15).   ) Combined mast according to claim 1, 35 characterized in that   the main mast (MP) and the auxiliary mast (MA) have a rectangular section.   ) Combined mast according to claim 1, characterized in that   the boom (FL) is a box of rectangular cross section, lower than that of the auxiliary mast (MA) for sliding in it, the lower side (22) and the upper side (23) of the boom having sliding plates (24, 25) and internally the structure is provided with reinforcements transversely carrying the axis (30) of the foot of the balance cylinder (V-BA).   i 10) combined mast according to claim 1, 10 characterized in that   the pendulum (BA) has a mechanically welded structure, connected by its foot to the articulation axis of the pendulum (BA) and at the same time serving as a fixing axis for the head of the boom extension cylinder ( V-FL).   12) Combined mast according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the balance (BA) has a split axis at its foot, and the digging cylinder (V-TPO) is split as the compass (51, 52 ) to receive a double digging cylinder (V-TPO). 20