FR2845366A1 - On-board lift machinery comprises hydraulic actuator connected to hydraulic machinery located under cabin, all operating units being accessible from inside cabin - Google Patents

Abstract

The lift raising system comprises a hydraulic actuator (1) connected to on-board hydraulic machinery (4) acting on a tackle block which displaces the lift cabin (5). The hydraulic actuator is fixed to the machinery located under the cabin. The pump motor unit (55), the pressure accumulator (44), the control cabinet (41), the operating cabinet (47) and the handling hooks (45) are all accessible from inside the cabin.

Description

ON-BOARD MACHINERY FOR ELEVATOR

  The present invention relates to a concept of motorization fully assembled 5, in a movable box secured to a hydraulic cylinder. This concept is particularly studied for a displacement, vertical or inclined, within a limit

  specified, of the elevator or other similar type.

  In the present patent application, this concept adapts to an elevator 10 or the like. You have to understand not only the elevators in the literal sense of

  term, but also freight elevators, car elevators or disabled devices.

  The motorization for the drive of a hydraulic elevator is in. general, 15 disposed outside the sheath. To date, no elevator works with a jack, itself mobile (jack plus the jack rod). In the concept presented, the jack is integral with a box which brings together all the necessary, pump motor group with a complete circuit of component to ensure motorization and

maneuver safely.

  The term “assembly of its motorization” is understood to mean the actuator, the motor and pump group, the fluid reservoir, the electrical control, control and

  help. The machinery is fully loaded.

  The purpose of this patent application is to respond to market demand, namely: the elevator without machinery and to cover a fairly wide range

  wide, from a load of 225 kg, to loads of 3000 kg and more.

  Some features of the list, non-exhaustive of the advantages in the

patent application.

  - The height of the duct from 2 to 15 floors.

  - The speed is from 0.60 m / s to 2.50 m / s.

  - An energy saving linked to the use in the hydraulic circuit, of an energy recovery system during the descent of the cabin using an accumulator, allows a return of this accumulated energy, during of the climb. The total mass of the cabin and all its components are compensated

by the pressure of the accumulator.

  -The electric control cabinet is located in the box.

  -Only the electronic control card called in this application "control cabinet" is in the false ceiling of the cabin. Access is from inside the cabin, unlocking can only be done by a professional 45, from the roof of the cabin.

  - The box designated in this application is "the machinery" is located under the cabin floor, access is from the inside of the cabin by

  a hatch, which is in fact, the floor.

-. 12845366

DESCRIPTION OF THE PATENT APPLICATION

  The cylinder is integral with a box called machinery, the assembly is fixed to

  the load-bearing structure of the elevator car.

  3 arrangements are possible. They are distinguished by the position of the guides and by the number of layers of traction cables anchored at the top of the sheath. 10 1st arrangement:

  For lift cabins from 225 kg to 1000 kg, the guide rails are installed on the same side in the shaft, this arrangement is designated in the professional jargon "lateral guide".

  The cylinder is placed in the same rails, to guide the movable cross member. The

  the muffle pulleys are all placed below the cabin.

  The traction is said to be lateral, it is then done in the same alignment of the guides, by a single sheet of cables fixed at the top of the sheath. 2nd arrangement: For the payload cabins, greater than 1000 kg, the guide rails are installed on the same side in the sheath and guide the fairly wide support structure. On the opposite side an additional guide is then positioned forming a

  triangle, for better stabilization of the cabin. In this arrangement the traction is central, the cables pull the cabin from the 2 lateral sides, passing through the underside of the cabin floor. The muffle pulleys and deflection pulleys are all located below the cab. The arrangement of these guides is not shown in the accompanying figures.

  In the case of a centered pull, the two cable layers are fixed at the top

sheath.

  Centered traction solution allows payload elevators

  important, to take advantage of the concept, on-board machinery.

  This arrangement allows the use of a single cylinder to avoid problems of synchronization of several cylinders for the same load. 40 3rd arrangement:

  The cylinder, for the races (distance traveled from the lowest door, to the highest door) important, collaborates with a mobile frame, named 45 telescopic trolley.

  The telescopic carriage is connected by a traction chain provided for this purpose, from its attachment in the upper part of said carriage. The chain then passes through the lower part of the jack on a small pulley and goes up, to a fixed point located in

machinery under the cabin.

  When the cylinder deploys, the chain pulls on the upper part of the carriage

  telescopic that moves at the same time.

  The telescopic carriage doubles the stroke, with the advantage of not having to add hydraulic fluid. The movable pulleys of the block are fixed on the lower part of the telescopic carriage.

  The spacing of the muffle has the effect of moving the cabin.

  The fixed block pulleys and the return pulleys are securely installed, 10 in the lower structure of the cabin machinery box. This provision

  allows to occupy a free space not used usually.

  The positioning of the pulleys under the cabin makes it possible to significantly reduce the height of arrival of the lift at the top of the shaft. This important detail makes it possible to use this type of elevator, in practically all 15 stairwells, in particular for buildings with a height below

very limited ceiling.

  This on-board design allows you to have all the elements together in the same space. Maintenance is possible from inside the cabin. Access to the control card is via the false ceiling. The pump motor group and all the hydraulic components are accessible by opening the hatch forming the floor. The cabin then becomes a machine room. 25 For handling, the pump motor unit and the accumulator, hooks, fixed or removable, are provided above the hatch, in the structure of the cabin roof. These hooks are hidden by the false ceiling, if the choice is to

leave it at home.

  Energy recovery is based on the "law of Mariotte", using a

  pressure accumulator. The calculation is done in the following way.

  The static mass of the vacuum elevator is transformed into pressure calculated on the cylinder section. This pressure is equivalent to the static mass of the assembly

suspended material.

  The pressure equivalent to the suspended mass is then multiplied by the number of pulley blocks. For example when there are 3 pulleys on the end of the rod, the pressure is multiplied by 6, to obtain the required nominal pressure value. A volume of inert gas is then stored in the accumulator, corresponding to the nominal pressure value called P 0. 40

  The pressure value changes to P2 when the entire volume of fluid, equivalent to the displacement of the cylinder rod, is transferred to the accumulator and compresses the bladder containing the inert gas. This maximum pressure, called P2, can be read when the rod is fully retracted into the jack, cabin at the last 45 low level.

  The transfer of the fluid between the cylinder and the accumulator is ensured by the rotation of the pump. The rotation is bidirectional, according to the direction of movement of the cabin. This transfer principle eliminates any problem of fluid rolling and eliminates a rise in temperature of the hydraulic fluid, even for a

  fairly high operating rate.

  The presence in the circuit of a pressure accumulator significantly reduces energy consumption. To simplify the explanation, the pressure of the accumulator can raise the elevator to the last level, without energy consumption, the suspended mass is neutralized by the pressure of the accumulator.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

  FIG. 1, represents the diagram of a jack, provided with its movable cross member and 3 pulleys. These three pulleys move with the rod down, when the cylinder is subjected to hydraulic pressure. FIG. 2, shows the diagram of the jack, provided with its movable cross member and pulleys. These pulleys are connected by cables to other pulleys fixed in the machinery of the cabin. These two sets of fixed and mobile pulleys,

constitute a mitten.

  FIG. 3, shows from the front, the two sets of pulleys, linked by a sheet of traction cables and a fixed point cabin, located in the machinery in

below the cabin.

  For a better understanding, with regard to the cable plies, when the traction is lateral, the ply is designated 1st cable ply, for a traction

  centered there will be a 2nd layer of cables.

  FIG. 4, mainly represents the necessary components and gives an idea of the advantages of the on-board concept. We distinguish on this 30 figure:

- Handling hooks.

  - The removable false ceiling and its locking accessible from the roof.

  - The electronic control cabinet.

  - A button box, inside the cabin.

  - A hatch, with 2 flaps, forming the cabin floor.

  - In the machinery box, a pump motor group and an accumulator.

  - The cylinder and the two sets of fixed and mobile pulleys.

- The control cabinet.

  FIG. 5, represents another configuration of hauling, this is

  suitable for centered traction, with two cable plies, the idler pulleys, and the deflection of the 2nd cable. The pulley 31 is the zero point of rotation, this pulley does not rotate, it is of capital importance, it makes it possible to balance the tension of the cables between the two layers.

  FIG. 6, represents FIG. 5 from another angle, with the cabin.

  FIG. 7 is a very schematic view of a jack collaborating with a telescopic carriage. In fact, the cylinder is located in the space of the telescopic carriage. For better understanding they are drawn separately. In reality these two elements are nested and do not require additional space in the sheath for installation. The chain is shown fixed

at both ends.

  One end is fixed in the box, the other on the upper part of the telescopic carriage. The movable pulleys are located on the lower part of the

telescopic cart.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PATENT APPLICATION

  The jack (1) is fixed to the machinery (4), which is located below the supporting structure (3) of the elevator car (5), in 3 arrangements

  possible. Referring first to the first figure, the cylinder (1) is suspended by the base, on the crosspiece (10) of the supporting structure (3) of the cabin (5). The rod (2) extends downwards. At the end of the rod (2) which is free. Pulleys are fixed and guided in the cabin rails (5), not shown in this figure, by a movable cross member (14).

  It can be seen from the view in FIG. 2 that the pulleys of the movable cross member (14) are connected by a sheet of cables (16) to the pulleys (8) fixed in the machinery (4), below the cabin (5). The slightest movement of the cylinder rod (2) (1) causes the muffle to separate. It is easy to guess that this spacing causes the cables to lengthen and drives the cabin (5) upwards.

  By FIG. 3, a distinction is made between the cable ply (16) fixed at one end, on the fixed point (11) located below the cabin (5) in the machinery (4). The cable ply (7) then passes alternately over the pulleys of the movable cross member 30 (14) and the pulleys of the fixed block (8) of the machinery (4).

  The 1st ply of cables (15), rises towards its point of attachment, at the top of the sheath, not shown in this figure. The pulleys of the fixed block (8) are all placed

below the cabin (5).

  The traction in this arrangement is said to be lateral, it is then carried out in the same alignment of the guides, by a single ply of cables (15).

  For the payload cabins, greater than 1000 kg, the guide rails are installed on the one hand, on the same side in the sheath and guide the fairly wide support structure (3). On the opposite side, an additional guide is then positioned, forming a triangle, for better stabilization of the cabin (5).

  For central traction, a 1st layer of cables (23) suspended by its anchoring point, not shown in the figures, goes towards the lower part of the movable block (9), cylinder side (1). The cable ply (6) then passes alternately, 45 over the pulleys of the mobile crossmember (14) and the pulleys of the machinery (4)

up to the pulley (31).

  The second cable ply (24) on the opposite side, is also suspended on an anchor point from the top of the sheath, passes through the return pulley (21), located under the cabin floor (5), continues through the mark (22) to another pulley 50 of return (20) located under the cabin (5), directly above the movable pulleys (9) of the * 6 block until the pulley (31). This pulley (31) is of interesting importance, it does not rotate, it is the neutral or zero point of a reverse winding of the pulleys (9), this precise point could have been replaced by two fixing points, the cable tension adjustment would then always remain a critical point of cable tension. This pulley (31) resolves the problems efficiently and permanently.

  This arrangement for passing the cables makes it possible to envisage the cabin design (5) such as car lifts for example, with the machinery 10 on board.

  This solution also makes it possible to have a single cylinder (1) to avoid the problems of

  synchronization of several cylinders for the same load.

  Another solution for large strokes, the jack (1) collaborates with a telescopic carriage (50), also embedded in the supporting structure (3) of the cabin (5), allows a greater deployment of the block. The cylinder stroke (1) is doubled, without increasing the volume of hydraulic fluid. To do this, a jack (1) and machinery (4) of the same type used previously, are in the supporting structure (3) of the cabin (5), the movable rod (2) deploys downwards. 20 At the end of the rod (2) one or two pulleys (53), (depending on the load) of small sizes make it possible to receive traction chains. A telescopic carriage (50) is then installed with the jack (1). The pulleys of the movable block (9) are transferred to the base of the telescopic carriage (50). On the upper part of the telescopic carriage (50), a traction chain (52) fixed to a fastener (54) is connected to a fixed point (51) in the machinery (4) of the cabin (5). This same traction chain (52) passes through the pulley (53), provided for this purpose, fixed on the end of the cylinder rod (2) (1). When the rod (2) deploys, the telescopic carriage (50) also moves, the spacing of the muffle is doubled, the displacement of the cabin (5)

is more important.

  The other aspect of the invention particularly concerns the motorization and the control (41) grouped in the same space, making the design totally

  autonomous, without the need for an independent local machinery.

  To do this, the engine is located below the cabin (5) a machine 35 (4), this space is in no way used. Access to the machinery (4) is secure

  for maintenance and assembly personnel, it is done from the cabin floor (5), it is removable, like a hatch (30). The unlocking of this hatch (30) is possible only by an authorized person, when the cabin (5) is stopped with the doors open, from the outside, through the threshold, using a specific tool 40.

  To handle the motor unit or the pressure accumulator (44), handling hooks (45) are provided directly above the hatch (30), in the cabin ceiling (5). These handling hooks (45) are fixed or removable, they are invisible to users, they are located after the false ceiling

  (40). In this same false ceiling (40) is also the control cabinet (41), it is of a small size. When the false ceiling (40) pivots, access to the control members (41) are at the height of the button box in the cabin (5). The unlocking (42) of the part of the false ceiling (40) can only be done from the cabin roof (5) by an authorized person.

  A very important detail, not visible in the figures, which justifies the presence of

  the pressure accumulator (44) relates to energy recovery.

  The energy is recovered using a pressure accumulator (44). The volume of inert gas stored in the accumulator (44) gives the value of the nominal pressure called PO. Energy recovery based on the "law of Mariotte" allows to balance the static mass of an elevator, when the cabin (5) is at the top of the shaft, without its payload, with a volume of gas inert called PO. The static mass of the vacuum lift is equivalent to a volume of inert gas stored in the accumulator (44), this pressure is

called PO value.

  The pressure value changes to P2, when the entire volume of fluid, equivalent to the displacement of the rod (2) of the jack (1) is transferred to the accumulator (44), the cabin (5) is at the most low, the pressure is therefore at the maximum. 15

  The transfer of the fluid is ensured by the rotation of the pump (46) of the motor-pump group (31), its rotation is bi-directional, according to the direction of movement of the cabin (5). This transfer principle eliminates any problem of rolling of the fluid, which has no effect on a rise in temperature even for a fairly high operating rate.

  The presence in the circuit of this pressure accumulator (44), significantly reduces energy consumption The hydraulic pump (46) is bidirectional, it allows the volume of fluid to be transferred between the jack (1) and the pressure accumulator (44) in the direction of movement of the cabin (5). It rotates at the desired speed using a variable speed drive. This arrangement prevents the temperature of the

fluid by rolling.

  In the lifting system of the invention, the cylinder is of equivalent height of the

  supporting structure (3) which supports the cabin (5).

  In the first arrangement of FIG. 3, the fixed point (11) of one end of the cables is connected to a fixed point in the machinery (4) under the cabin (5), for lateral traction, when the spacing of the block, and when the elevator moves all the pulleys rotate at different speeds. The fastest is the one that works with the suspension cable. The slowest is that which is in alignment with the fixed point under the cabin (5). The traction is lateral for

loads up to 1000 Kg.

  In the second arrangement in FIG. 5, the suspension cables are on either side of the cabin (5) for centered traction, when the block is actuated the pulleys rotate at different speeds. The fastest are those that work with the suspension cables. The pulley located in the axis 45 of the rod (2) of the jack (1) does not rotate. The pulley (31) is the zero point of the block, it is installed to balance, permanently, the tension of the traction cables. The pulley (31), fixed in the axis of the movable rod (2), in the 2nd arrangement for a centered traction, does not rotate, all the pulleys rotate when the jack (1) is actuated except this one, it balances the tension of the traction cables. The two fixed points are located at the top of the sheath. The

  traction is said to be centered, for loads greater than 1000 kg.

  The control cabinet (41) is located in the false ceiling (40) of the cabin (5).

5 When the latter is open, the panel is fixed on a hinge, allowing it to pivot, and to be in a vertical position, near the button box (43) of the cabin (5). 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Claims (11)

claims   1. Lifting system for an elevator, comprising a hydraulic cylinder (1) connected to a hydraulic machinery (4) and 5 acting on a block, with which a cable sheet cooperates, for moving an elevator car (5) in a sheath, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (1) is integral with the hydraulic machinery (4) which is located under the cabin (5), the assembly being fixed to a supporting structure 10 (3) of the cabin (5 ) and on board with the cabin (5).   2. Lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that access to the hydraulic machinery (4) is effected from inside the cabin (5) by lifting the floor 15 which is designed as a hatch (30 ).   3. Lifting system according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the block comprises a fixed part consisting of pulleys fixed in the hydraulic machinery (4) 20 and a movable part consisting of pulleys integral with the   rod (2) of the hydraulic cylinder (1), the rod (2) unfolding spreading the block down and allowing the cabin (5) to   move under the action of the cable layer.   4. Lifting system according to claim 3, characterized in that the cables have one end connected to a fixed point (11) in the hydraulic machinery (4) and another end connected to an attachment point at the top of the sheath. , providing lateral traction in which, when the cabin moves, all the pulleys of the muffle rotate at different speeds, the fastest pulley collaborating with a suspension cable (15) connected to the point of attachment and the pulley la slower being in alignment with the fixed point (11) under the cabin.   5. Lifting system according to claim 3, characterized in that the cables comprise two suspension cables (23, 24) which are located on either side of the cabin (5) and which have anchoring points in top of the sheath, as well as a cable ply (6) which is located between the suspension cables and which passes through the pulleys of the block and by a balancing pulley (31) located in the axis of the rod (2) of the jack (1) and constitutes the zero point of the block to permanently balance the tension of the cables, providing a central traction in which, when the cabin moves, the 10 fastest pulleys collaborate with the suspension cables ( 23, 24) while the balancing pulley (31) does not not turn.   6. lifting system according to claim 3, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (1) collaborates with a telescopic carriage (50), also embedded in the carrying structure (3) of the cabin (5), via a chain (52) which is fixed to a fastener (54) in the upper part of the telescopic carriage (50), passes through a pulley (53) placed at the end of the rod (2) of the hydraulic cylinder (1 ) and is fixed to a fixed point (51) in the hydraulic machinery (4), the movable pulleys of the block being fixed in the lower part of the telescopic cart (50).   7. lifting system according to one of claims 1 to 6,   characterized in that it comprises a false ceiling (40) capable of being opened only from the roof of the cabin (5) and in which the control (41) of the hydraulic machinery (4).   8. Lifting system according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises handling hooks (45) located behind the false ceiling (40) of the cabin for the manipulation of elements of the hydraulic machinery (4) located under the cabin floor (5). he   9. Lifting system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the hydraulic machinery (4) comprises a motor unit (31) driving a hydraulic pump (46) capable of transferring a volume of hydraulic fluid between the cylinder 5 hydraulic (1) and a pressure accumulator (44) by bi-directional rotation of the hydraulic pump (46).   10. Lifting system according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure accumulator (44) ensures energy recovery according to the "law of Mariotte", in which the static mass of the vacuum lift is equivalent to a volume of inert gas stored in the pressure accumulator (44) and giving a nominal pressure (PO) and in which the pressure changes to a maximum value (P2) when the total volume of hydraulic fluid, equivalent to the displacement of the rod (2) of the   hydraulic cylinder (1) is transferred to the pressure accumulator (44), the cabin (5) being at the lowest level.   11. Lifting system according to one of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the hydraulic machinery comprises   in addition to an operating cabinet (47) which is also located under the cabin floor (5).