FR2844864A1 - Vaporization of a cryogenic liquid by heat exchange with water in a steam-heated pool involves using a water-cooling circuit having a compressor - Google Patents

Vaporization of a cryogenic liquid by heat exchange with water in a steam-heated pool involves using a water-cooling circuit having a compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2844864A1
FR2844864A1 FR0306918A FR0306918A FR2844864A1 FR 2844864 A1 FR2844864 A1 FR 2844864A1 FR 0306918 A FR0306918 A FR 0306918A FR 0306918 A FR0306918 A FR 0306918A FR 2844864 A1 FR2844864 A1 FR 2844864A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
water
compressor
heat exchanger
cooling circuit
cryogenic liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR0306918A
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French (fr)
Other versions
FR2844864B3 (en
Inventor
Frederic Judas
Patrick Leduc
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR0302296A external-priority patent/FR2844863A1/en
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to FR0306918A priority Critical patent/FR2844864B3/en
Publication of FR2844864A1 publication Critical patent/FR2844864A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2844864B3 publication Critical patent/FR2844864B3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0223—H2/CO mixtures, i.e. synthesis gas; Water gas or shifted synthesis gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0252—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0261—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon monoxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04775—Air purification and pre-cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04836—Variable air feed, i.e. "load" or product demand during specified periods, e.g. during periods with high respectively low power costs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0316—Water heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/40—One fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/58—One fluid being argon or crude argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F25J2270/904—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by liquid or gaseous cryogen in an open loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
    • F25J2280/02—Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Vaporization of a cryogenic liquid coming from cryogenic separation unit for forming a gaseous product, in which the cryogenic liquid is evaporated by indirect heat exchange with water in a heat exchanger (5), involves providing at least part of the water passed to the heat exchanger with a cooling circuit (7, 9, 11, 13) having a compressor (6). An Independent claim is given for a cryogenic liquid vaporization installation used for implementation of the invented process. The installation comprises a heat exchanger (5), apparatus for passing the cryogenic liquid to the heat exchanger (5) and apparatus for discharging the gaseous product from the heat exchanger (5), apparatus for passing the water (15) from the heat exchanger (5) and for discharging the cooled water from the heat exchanger (5), and a compressor (6) having a cooling circuit (7, 9, 11, 13) and apparatus for passing the water from the cooling circuit to the heat exchanger (5).

Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé et à une installation deThe present invention relates to a method and an installation of

vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique.  vaporization of a cryogenic liquid.

Il est connu de vaporiser un liquide cryogénique provenant d'un appareil de séparation d'air par échange de chaleur avec de l'eau contenue dans une piscine 5 chauffée avec de la vapeur d'eau. Par exemple, dans le cas o la vapeur d'eau disponible serait polluée (de mauvaise qualité ou contenant beaucoup de chlore) ou en débit insuffisant, l'objet de la présente invention prévoit une solution alternative. Selon un objet de la présente invention, il est prévu un procédé de 10 vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique provenant d'un appareil de séparation cryogénique pour former un produit gazeux dans lequel le liquide cryogénique se vaporise par échange de chaleur indirect avec de l'eau dans un échangeur de chaleur caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de l'eau envoyée à l'échangeur provient du circuit de refroidissement d'un compresseur. 15 Selon d'autres aspects facultatifs: - le compresseur sert à comprimer un gaz provenant de ou destiné à l'appareil de séparation cryogénique; - le compresseur sert à comprimer tout le mélange gazeux destiné à être séparé dans l'appareil de séparation cryogénique; - on chauffe de l'eau par échange de chaleur avec un gaz comprimé dans au moins un étage du compresseur pour produire de l'eau chauffée et on envoie au moins une partie de l'eau chauffée à l'échangeur de chaleur; - au moins une partie de l'eau envoyée à l'échangeur de chaleur a été  It is known to vaporize a cryogenic liquid from an air separation apparatus by heat exchange with water contained in a pool heated with steam. For example, in the case where the available water vapor is polluted (poor quality or containing a lot of chlorine) or insufficient flow, the object of the present invention provides an alternative solution. According to an object of the present invention, there is provided a method of vaporizing a cryogenic liquid from a cryogenic separation apparatus to form a gaseous product in which the cryogenic liquid vaporizes by indirect heat exchange with the water in a heat exchanger characterized in that at least a portion of the water sent to the exchanger comes from the cooling circuit of a compressor. According to other optional aspects: the compressor serves to compress a gas coming from or intended for the cryogenic separation apparatus; the compressor serves to compress all the gaseous mixture intended to be separated in the cryogenic separation apparatus; - Water is heated by heat exchange with a compressed gas in at least one stage of the compressor to produce heated water and at least a portion of the heated water is sent to the heat exchanger; - at least part of the water sent to the heat exchanger has been

chauffée par contact direct ou indirect avec un gaz comprimé dans au moins un 25 étage du compresseur.  heated by direct or indirect contact with a compressed gas in at least one stage of the compressor.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, il est prévu une installation de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique provenant d'un appareil de séparation cryogénique pour former un produit gazeux comprenant un échangeur de chaleur, des moyens pour envoyer le liquide cryogénique à l'échangeur de chaleur et des 30 moyens pour sortir le produit gazeux de l'échangeur, des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau à l'échangeur de chaleur et des moyens pour sortir de l'eau refroidie de l'échangeur, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un compresseur ayant un circuit de refroidissement à l'eau et des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau depuis le circuit  According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for vaporizing a cryogenic liquid from a cryogenic separation apparatus to form a gaseous product comprising a heat exchanger, means for sending the cryogenic liquid to the heat exchanger and means for discharging gaseous product from the exchanger, means for supplying water to the heat exchanger and means for discharging cooled water from the exchanger, characterized in that it comprises a compressor having a water cooling circuit and means for sending water from the circuit

de refroidissement à l'échangeur.cooling to the exchanger.

L'installation peut comprendre: - des moyens pour envoyer un gaz, provenant de ou destiné à l'appareil de séparation cryogénique, au compresseur afin de le comprimer; - des moyens pour envoyer tout le mélange gazeux, destiné à être traité dans l'appareil de séparation cryogénique, au compresseur afin de le comprimer; - des moyens pour chauffer de l'eau par échange de chaleur avec un gaz comprimé dans au moins un étage du compresseur et des moyens pour envoyer  The installation may comprise: means for sending a gas, from or to the cryogenic separation apparatus, to the compressor to compress it; means for sending all the gaseous mixture, intended to be processed in the cryogenic separation apparatus, to the compressor in order to compress it; means for heating water by heat exchange with a compressed gas in at least one stage of the compressor and means for sending

au moins une partie de l'eau chauffée à l'échangeur de chaleur.  at least a portion of the water heated to the heat exchanger.

Le circuit de refroidissement peut comprendre des moyens pour chauffer 10 l'eau par contact direct ou indirect avec un gaz comprimé dans au moins un étage  The cooling circuit may comprise means for heating the water by direct or indirect contact with a compressed gas in at least one stage

du compresseur.of the compressor.

L'invention sera décrite en plus de détails en se référant à la figure, qui est  The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the figure, which is

un dessin schématique d'une installation selon l'invention.  a schematic drawing of an installation according to the invention.

Un liquide cryogénique tel que de l'azote, de l'argon, de l'oxygène, de 15 l'hydrogène ou du monoxyde de carbone, est stocké dans un stockage 1.  Cryogenic liquid such as nitrogen, argon, oxygen, hydrogen or carbon monoxide is stored in a storage 1.

Le liquide cryogénique provient d'un appareil de séparation par distillation cryogénique, qui est un appareil de séparation d'air pour le cas de l'azote, de l'argon et de l'oxygène ou un appareil de séparation d'un mélange d'hydrogène et  The cryogenic liquid comes from a cryogenic distillation separation apparatus, which is an air separation apparatus for the case of nitrogen, argon and oxygen or a mixture separation apparatus. hydrogen and

de monoxyde de carbone, tel qu'un gaz de synthèse.  carbon monoxide, such as synthesis gas.

Pour subvenir à des besoins ponctuels, le liquide est pompé par la pompe 3 et ensuite vaporisé dans une piscine de vaporisation 5 par échange de chaleur indirecte avec de l'eau chaude. L'eau chaude peut également être chauffée par  To meet occasional needs, the liquid is pumped by the pump 3 and then vaporized in a spray pool 5 by indirect heat exchange with hot water. Hot water can also be heated by

injection de vapeur comme dans les procédés connus.  steam injection as in the known methods.

Le gaz vaporisé ainsi produit est envoyé à un réseau ou vers le procédé 25 consommateur d'un client.  The vaporized gas thus produced is sent to a network or to the consumer process of a customer.

L'eau chaude provient des réfrigérants intermédiaire et final d'un circuit de  The hot water comes from the intermediate and final refrigerants of a cooling circuit.

refroidissement servant à refroidir le gaz sortant des différents étages de compression d'un compresseur 6 à deux étages 6A, 6B, qui peut être le compresseur d'air principal de l'appareil de séparation d'air d'o provient le liquide 30 cryogénique.  cooling unit for cooling the gas leaving the different stages of compression of a compressor 6 with two stages 6A, 6B, which may be the main air compressor of the air separation apparatus from which the cryogenic liquid originates .

De l'air gazeux filtré est comprimé dans le premier étage 6A, refroidi par échange de chaleur indirect avec le circuit d'eau de refroidissement dans un échangeur 11, et ensuite envoyé à un deuxième étage 6B. Après compression à sa pression finale dans cet étage, l'air est refroidi dans l'échangeur 13 contre de l'eau de refroidissement avant d'être envoyé à un appareil d'épuration o il est  Filtered gaseous air is compressed in the first stage 6A, cooled by indirect heat exchange with the cooling water circuit in an exchanger 11, and then sent to a second stage 6B. After compression at its final pressure in this stage, the air is cooled in the exchanger 13 against cooling water before being sent to a purification device where it is

épuré en eau et en dioxyde de carbone.  purified in water and carbon dioxide.

L'air est ensuite refroidi dans un échangeur de chaleur (non-illustré) jusqu'à sa température de rosée et est envoyé dans une colonne de séparation d'air, telle que la colonne moyenne pression d'une double colonne. L'échangeur 13 peut être une tour air/eau (contact direct) ou un échangeur  The air is then cooled in a heat exchanger (not shown) to its dew point temperature and sent to an air separation column, such as the medium pressure column of a double column. The exchanger 13 may be an air / water tower (direct contact) or an exchanger

de chaleur tubulaire (contact indirect).  tubular heat (indirect contact).

Du liquide provenant de l'appareil de séparation d'air peut être envoyé à un  Liquid from the air separation apparatus may be sent to a

stockage ou une colonne de l'appareil peut même constituer un stockage.  storage or a column of the device can even constitute storage.

De l'eau froide provenant d'une source d'eau froide (typiquement une tour  Cold water from a source of cold water (typically a tower

de refroidissement par contact direct avec de l'azote provenant de l'appareil de séparation d'air, tel que décrit dans US-A-5505050 ou de tours atmosphériques).  cooling by direct contact with nitrogen from the air separation apparatus as described in US-A-5505050 or atmospheric towers).

Un débit d'eau froide 7 est envoyé à l'échangeur de chaleur 11 en aval du premier étage 6A et un débit d'eau froide 9 est envoyé à l'échangeur de chaleur 13 en aval 15 du deuxième étage 6B.  A flow of cold water 7 is sent to the heat exchanger 11 downstream of the first stage 6A and a flow of cold water 9 is sent to the heat exchanger 13 downstream 15 of the second stage 6B.

Une partie du débit d'eau 9 est renvoyée à la source d'eau froide avec une  Part of the flow of water 9 is returned to the source of cold water with a

partie du débit d'air 7, mais une autre partie 15 du débit 7 et du débit 9 qui se trouve à 35cC est envoyée à la piscine de vaporisation 5 à travers une vanne de régulation 17 du circuit de refroidissement. La vanne de régulation est 20 commandée par un TIC 21 de la piscine 5.  part of the air flow 7, but another part 15 of the flow 7 and the flow 9 which is 35cC is sent to the vaporization pool 5 through a control valve 17 of the cooling circuit. The control valve is controlled by a TIC 21 of the pool 5.

L'eau chaude se refroidit dans la piscine jusqu'à une température de 150C et est renvoyée à la source d'eau froide, éventuellement après pompage par la  The hot water cools in the pool to a temperature of 150C and is returned to the source of cold water, possibly after pumping by the

pompe 23 du circuit.pump 23 of the circuit.

En cas de panne complète ou partielle du compresseur, l'eau 15 peut être 25 remplacée par une injection de vapeur. Un apport de vapeur peut également se  In case of complete or partial compressor failure, the water can be replaced by steam injection. A supply of steam can also be

révéler nécessaire en cas de forte charge de la piscine de vaporisation.  reveal necessary in case of heavy load of the spray pool.

L'eau de refroidissement 15 peut provenir alternativement ou  The cooling water can come alternatively or

additionnellement d'un circuit de refroidissement d'un autre compresseur d'un appareil de séparation d'air, tel qu'un surpresseur d'air ou un compresseur 30 d'azote.  additionally a cooling circuit of another compressor of an air separation apparatus, such as an air booster or a nitrogen compressor.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique provenant d'un appareil de séparation cryogénique pour former un produit gazeux dans lequel 5 le liquide cryogénique se vaporise par échange de chaleur indirect avec de l'eau dans un échangeur de chaleur (5) caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie de l'eau envoyée à l'échangeur provient du circuit de refroidissement  A method of vaporizing a cryogenic liquid from a cryogenic separation apparatus to form a gaseous product in which the cryogenic liquid vaporizes by indirect heat exchange with water in a heat exchanger (5) characterized in that at least a part of the water sent to the exchanger comes from the cooling circuit d'un compresseur (6).a compressor (6). 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 dans lequel le compresseur (6) sert 10 à comprimer un gaz provenant de ou destiné à l'appareil de séparation cryogénique.  The method of claim 1 wherein the compressor (6) serves to compress a gas from or destined for the cryogenic separation apparatus. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 2 dans lequel le compresseur (6) sert à comprimer tout le mélange gazeux destiné à être séparé dans l'appareil de3. Method according to claim 2 wherein the compressor (6) serves to compress all the gas mixture to be separated in the apparatus of séparation cryogénique.cryogenic separation. 4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel on  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims wherein chauffe de l'eau par échange de chaleur avec un gaz comprimé dans au moins un étage du compresseur (6) pour produire de l'eau chauffée et on envoie au  heating water by heat exchange with a compressed gas in at least one stage of the compressor (6) to produce heated water and moins une partie de l'eau chauffée à l'échangeur de chaleur (5).  least part of the water heated to the heat exchanger (5). 5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel au 20 moins une partie de l'eau envoyée à l'échangeur de chaleur a été chauffée par  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims wherein at least a portion of the water sent to the heat exchanger has been heated by contact direct ou indirect avec un gaz comprimé dans au moins un étage du  direct or indirect contact with a compressed gas in at least one floor of the compresseur (6).compressor (6). 6. Installation de vaporisation d'un liquide cryogénique provenant d'un appareil de séparation cryogénique pour former un produit gazeux comprenant 25 un échangeur de chaleur (5), des moyens pour envoyer le liquide cryogénique à l'échangeur de chaleur et des moyens pour sortir le produit gazeux de l'échangeur, des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau (15) à l'échangeur de chaleur et des moyens pour sortir de l'eau refroidie de l'échangeur, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un compresseur (6) ayant un circuit de refroidissement à 30 l'eau et des moyens pour envoyer de l'eau depuis le circuit de refroidissement  6. Apparatus for vaporizing a cryogenic liquid from a cryogenic separation apparatus to form a gaseous product comprising a heat exchanger (5), means for sending the cryogenic liquid to the heat exchanger and means for extracting the gaseous product from the exchanger, means for sending water (15) to the heat exchanger and means for leaving the cooled water of the exchanger, characterized in that it comprises a compressor (6) having a water cooling circuit and means for supplying water from the cooling circuit à l'échangeur.at the interchange. 7. Installation selon la revendication 6 comprenant des moyens pour envoyer un gaz provenant de ou destiné à l'appareil de séparation cryogénique  7. Installation according to claim 6 comprising means for sending a gas from or intended for the cryogenic separation apparatus au compresseur (6) afin de le comprimer.  compressor (6) to compress it. 8. Installation selon la revendication 7 comprenant des moyens pour envoyer tout le mélange gazeux destiné à être traité dans l'appareil de séparation cryogénique au compresseur (6) afin de le comprimer  8. Installation according to claim 7 comprising means for sending all the gaseous mixture to be treated in the cryogenic separation apparatus to the compressor (6) in order to compress it 9. Installation selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8 comprenant des 5 moyens pour chauffer de l'eau par échange de chaleur avec un gaz comprimé  9. Installation according to one of claims 6 to 8 comprising means for heating water by heat exchange with a compressed gas dans au moins un étage du compresseur (6) et des moyens pour envoyer au  in at least one stage of the compressor (6) and means for sending to moins une partie de l'eau chauffée à l'échangeur de chaleur.  least part of the water heated to the heat exchanger. 10.1nstallation selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9 dans laquelle le  10.1nstallation according to one of claims 6 to 9 wherein the circuit de refroidissement comprend des moyens pour chauffer l'eau par 10 contact direct ou indirect avec un gaz comprimé dans au moins un étage (6A,  cooling circuit comprises means for heating the water by direct or indirect contact with a compressed gas in at least one stage (6A, 6B) du compresseur (6).6B) of the compressor (6).
FR0306918A 2003-02-25 2003-06-10 METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR VAPORIZATION OF A CRYOGENIC LIQUID Expired - Lifetime FR2844864B3 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3012876A1 (en) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-08 Air Liquide METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COOLING AIR TO BE SEPARATED BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3012876A1 (en) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-08 Air Liquide METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COOLING AIR TO BE SEPARATED BY CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION

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