FR2838493A1 - Planetary gear train comprises input chassis, fixed sun wheel, movable planet gear and two stage satellite with internal teeth, chassis connected to radial braking part by radial rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The planetary gear train comprises an input chassis (U) in the shape of an eccentric crank, a fixed sun wheel (B), a movable planet gear (A) and a two stage satellite (S) with internal teeth. The chassis can be connected to a radial braking part (F1) by one end of its radial rod (F1/1) whose terminal cylindrical ring (F1/2) mounted coaxially around a fixed braking cylinder is out of true and clamped against it

Description

straight cylinders are separated by different distances.

  The present invention relates to a single planetary gear train with a positive ratio and a geared-toothed satellite, optionally equipped with a specific automatic brake with two-way resection. This means that it has two versions, one of which can be reversed and the other is irreversible. It falls within the general area of speed reduction and mechanical transmission safety in all its applications including

lifting gear.

  Simple planetary trains with a positive reason are those which, at the end of their chassis, do not reverse the direction of the motor action which is conferred on them at the entrance and which are the only ones capable of directly reaching high speed reduction. So far, their use has always been reported as potentially dangerous, because the higher their reduction ratio, the greater the strain on the hub and the teeth of their satellites is potentially harmful. This requires the utmost caution in their design and use and often, their strengthening including the choice of very high strength steel for their manufacture. Until now again and in another order of ideas, all lifting gear had to be accompanied by one or more additional safety brake (s) in order to avoid the free fall of the load. case of stopping the motor action. In practice, the automatic control of a load at the climb is ensured by the use of a free wheel as "backstop". But on the other hand, at the descent of the load, such a control can be obtained only by a so-called reaction brake "of inconvenient use and whose principle of operation makes that it can not be of any use to the The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages 1 by resorting to the use of a two-stage satellite with internal teeth whose axis can only be immaterial and which is therefore subjected to less demanding efforts and 2 by optionally taking advantage of the occurrence of a secondary phenomenon, which occurs under certain circumstances, to incorporate an automatic and immediate brake called "two-way reaction" which makes them reliably irreversible. being as efficient on the descent as on the rise of a load

moved by a hoist.

  The descriptions which will follow having several times resort to the comparison of a chassis of

  Planetary gear with one or the other kind of different cranks, it seems essential to describe each one of them in a detailed way and to identify them clearly below by numbers and / or letters of reference which will be taken again later to the drawing of the different figures

  accompanying this description.

  1 / Hand crank type I.- This kind, the simplest crank is composed of a horizontal pin (U1) X axis around which it is supposed to turn. Said pin being rigidly connected to the base of a vertical body (U2) bound, itself at its top to a manetoM

  horizontal (U3) with eccentric axis x. The radius r equals the distance between the X and x axes.

  FIG. 1 represents, without further comment, a crank of said genus I at its PMB-2 / Crank of the genus II. This genius II differs from the preceding genus only in that the body (U2) of the crank comprises in its a head (U2bis) which is no more than an eccentric horizontal axis bearing x in which can rotate freely a horizontal pin (U3) driving its axis x in circular rotation around the central axis X.

  Figure 2 shows without further comment a crank of the genus II to his P.M.B.

  3 / Eccentric crank of the genus III.- An eccentric crank comprises a horizontal trunnion (U1) of X axis around which it is supposed to turn. Said pin being connected to the normal bottom of a cylindrical cup (U2 + U2bis) of horizontal axis x which combines the functions of body (U2) and head (U2bis) crank. The interior of said cup; cylindrical constituting the housing of a dilated cylindrical pin (U'3) whose x axis is supposed to rotate about the central axis X. This kind of eccentric crank differentiates from the two preceding types in that it is mainly characterized in that the diameter of its eccentric eccentric crankpin (U'3) x includes the axis X of the trunnion (U1). Figure 3 shows an indicative crank type III above positioned at his P.M.B. - Note

  that it conforms to the description given in 3 / above and that it is primarily

  characterized in that the cylindrical cup (U2 + U2bis), whose bottom is rigidly connected to the normal of a horizontal pin (U1) of central axis X combines the functions of body and crank head as well as the diameter of its expanded crankpin (IJ3) is crossed

  only by its own axis x but also by the axis X of the trunnion (U1).

  4 / hybrid crank type IV. - said hybrid crank (M), which had to be imagined within the framework of the completion of the automatic braking power in both directions of which prevails the present invention "is here described strictly according to the rules governing the filing of patent applications, since it will ultimately be claimed.It is composed of a first auxiliary crank (M '), of the kind described above and of a finally ineffective radius R, formed of a trunnion (H1 ) of horizontal axis X normally connected to a body (H2) whose apex is provided with a head (H2bis) inside which is freely mounted a first crankpin (H3), of horizontal axis eccentric y parallel to said X axis, adjusted thereto.This first crankpin, which accumulates the functions of crankpin of said first crank and link rigidly connecting it in parallel with a member-shaped cylindrical ring (H4), eccentric axis x parallel to so-called X and y, combining for its part the body and head functions of a second eccentric crank (M ") of the genus III above and of effective radius r, whose effective trunnion, of axis X, is none other than the trunnion (H1) of the first auxiliary crank (M ') preceding and whose cylindrical crankpin expanded (U' 3), eccentric axis x and fitted to said ring-shaped member, is rotatably mounted on the inside of the last. It being understood that said second crank has no other choice, in the logic of the construction of the simple planetary gear with positive reason and internal teeth according to the invention, than to turn its own axis x around the X-axis. FIG. 4 represents, by way of non-anonymous example, the hybrid crank of the genus IV according to the invention. It is noted that the diagram representing the hybrid crank (M) contains all of a first auxiliary crank (M ') of said genus II of radius R finally not effective and a second eccentric crank (M "), said effective, of radius R. Said second crank being effective because it is actually of the same radius r as

  the assembly finally forming the hybrid crank (M).

  The simple positive planetary gear according to the invention is derived from simple positive type planetary gear trains of the type III mechanical manuals. It is therefore essential, before

  to begin the description of it, to recall here the characteristics common to any train

  planetary positive reason of said type III.

  Thus, Figure 5 represents for memory one of the latter whose chassis (U) is driving as will be further, the frame of a planetary gear according to the invention. The observation of this Figure 5 shows that this simple train type III comprises an input member that is. a frame (U) leading in the form of a crank. of type I above and of radius r, composed of a trunnion (IJ1) of central axis X, a body (U2) and a crankpin (U3), of eccentric axis x. Said pin being rotatably mounted in a bearing (1) itself arranged at the center of a first vertical wall of a casing (C) which contains and supports the entire device and said crank pin being coaxially carrying a satellite ( S) with two stages, (Sa) and (Sb), with external teeth rotatably mounted thereon. The first stage (Sa) of said satellite meshing within a first fixed sun gear (A) with internal teeth, of central axis X, which is rigidly connected to said housing (C) internally thereto, and the second stage (Sb) of said satellite meshing with a second sun gear (B) with internal teeth, of the same axis X as the first and whose output half shaft (3) is rotatably mounted in an output bearing Finished

  in the center of a second wall placed symmetrically to the first.

  The planetary single gear gearbox with positive gear and with internally toothed gearbox optionally equipped with a specific automatic two-way reaction Dein according to the invention, in its first reversible version without brake, which will be discussed here in

  first place since it is easier to describe, consists of a primary chassis leading

  (U) in the form of eccentric cranks of the kind III above and of radius r composed, itself

  same: a journal (U1) of central axis X, a body (U2) and a head (U2bis) merged into a single cylindrical cup (U2 + U2bis) eccentric axis x parallel to said axis X; said journal being rotatably mounted in a bearing (1) which is arranged at the center of the first vertical wall of a casing (C) containing all the members of the device, and said cylindrical cup being secured to a dilated cylindrical pin ( U '33 having the same eccentric axis x, said crankpin being coaxially connected to a satellite (S) or driven secondary chassis (U') of eccentric axis x or identifying with the cylindrical outer body of the first internally toothed stage (Sa) said satellite (S) which is largely hollowed out at its center and which carries a second stage with internal teeth (Sb) placed symmetrically with the first, said satellite or secondary chassis being driven meshing said first stage (Sa) with a first sun gear (A) with external toothing carried by an output shaft (3), of central axis X, and meshing said second stage (Sb) with a second fixed sun gear (B), of the same axis X than the first and with int teeth also higher, which is rigidly connected to the second vertical wall of said housing arranged symmetrically to the first; said output shaft, which finds a passage through the largely recessed center of said satellite or subframe, finally being rotatably mounted in a bearing (2) located in the center of the second vertical wall of said housing which may itself be optionally provided internally of a hollow central cylinder of support which is bound to it and around

  which can slide said satellite or secondary chassis in rotation about its eccentric axis x.

  The satellite (S) and / or driven secondary chassis (U ') does not have a materialized x-axis to support it, the inner teeth of the stages (Sa) and (Sb) and the external toothing planetary gears (A) and (B) are subjected to high pressures from the primary driving chassis (U) and can cause their damaging interpenetration. A characterizing palliative means of the present invention consists in laterally reinforcing each toothed wheel (whether it is internally or externally toothed by a cylindrical edge (convex or concave, lo n the case) coming from widening of its pitch circle to give a reliable support for its "rolling without sliding" in the gear that it forms with another s Figure 6 schematically shows by way of example the positive planetary gear and satellite gear with internal teeth according to the invention in its simplest mode of execution, which has no automatic reaction brake in both directions and thus becomes irreversible only when its reduction ratio is sufficiently high, it can be seen that it has a primary chassis leading to (IJ3 type eccentric crank-shaped input already described and of radius r whose head-shaped eylindrical cup (U2 + U2bis), d eccentric axis x, includes the axis X of the journal (U13 which is rotatably mounted in an inlet bearing (1) arranged in the center of a first vertical wall of a casing (C) serving as a support for the entire the mechanism; comprises a satellite (S) with two stages or driven secondary chassis (U ') which can be in the form of a disk, of eccentric axis x, largely hollowed out at its center so as to allow the passage to a central shaft (3) of X axis output, said disk comprising on the one hand, projecting on the input side, a cylindrical ring (U '3) which is housed inside the aforesaid cup (U2 + U2bis), fulfills the crank pin function of eccentric crank; said cylindrical ring being internally toothed, as drawn here, to accumulate crank pin functions (U '3) and first stage (Sa) teeth of satellite (S) and said two-stage satellite or driven sub-frame (U') on the other hand, projecting on the output side a second stage (Sb) toothed internally and symmetrically placed on the first stage (Sa); and that the first satellite stage (Sa) meshes with a first externally-toothed mobile planet gear (A) linked to an X-axis output shaft (3) while the second satellite stage meshes with a second fixed sun gear (B) with external toothing rigidly connected to the second vertical wall of said housing (C) which is symmetrically symmetrically placed at the first and which comprises at its center an output bearing (2) in which the aforesaid shaft ( 3) of the X-axis sun gear (A). It should be noted that the simple positive planetary gear of the aforesaid kind III of the mechanical manuals such as that shown in Figure 5, are considered to be of potentially dangerous use. for their satellite (s) as soon as their speed reduction ratio becomes sufficiently important to promote their irreversibility by canceling the performance of their Yes Isis o'er it. This 1b it abet in Q_i 61 <^ z Is pat man - man Ian oh as obverse ace = pa SEDRE is Setter Won as cede oD of cock prosper as sunrises oh of Selibe (0 _s pasta anon agog clashes This is why the elk has 31'ene-plus or got as well as the pats by the as ace (rents (q = - Lou co-lee e_e plan pa) cage lady co1d61e risk Basque -.. have dens in my awn the spat as as as Ban n pa f the 1ouRaIiveDoom _ _ p - - ^ s # it pos = sekDn the lver1kon d6 - Okay above d6cotdo spEclqplenlel1 of carar * dIlCs ape pIseSiIe the latter that it alone

  It can be used as a basis for marketing.

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  Ikbgs1tve according to the DnveI1Don.

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18 F 6.

  - what it does with it IV -6.

  The stage of these in situ is the same as its school, which is impossible, and a crankcase. (C) of which a first vertical wall is provided with an inlet bearing (1) of horizontal central axis X in which is rotatably mounted a horizontal input half shaft (H1) forming the trunnion axis X a hybrid crank (M) of the genus IV and whose top of the body (H2) comprises a head (H2bis) inside which is mounted freely a first horizontal crankpin (H3), of axis y parallel to the central axis X, one end of which is rigidly connected to the normal of the radial rod (F1 / 1) of a radial braking member (F / 1) ending in a cylindrical ring (F1 / 2) which is. rotatably mounted without contact around a central axis brake cylinder (F2) advantageously surrounded by a high friction cover and fixed internally to the first vertical wall of said housing and whose opposite end is rigidly connected in parallel to a cylindrical ring (H4), of axis x parallel to the two preceding axes and combining the functions of body and head of an eccentric crank, in which is mounted freely a dilated crankpin (U'3) of axis x which can be identified with the cylindrical outer body of the first stage (Sa) of the satellite (S) or secondary chassis (U ') of the first, simplest, version of the simple planetary gear with positive reason to satellite with internal gears according to the 'invention. Said satellite or secondary chassis bearing, symmetrically to said first stage which is internally toothing, a second stage with internal teeth and X axis also. The first stage (Sa) then meshes with a first shafted mobile sun gear (A) whose output half shaft (3) is of central axis X while the second stage (Sb) meshes with a second sun gear fixed (B) rigidly connected to the second vertical wall of said housing in which is arranged an output bearing (2) for supporting said half output shaft. This same casing being optionally, in addition, lined with a cylindrical ring of central axis X which is fixed there to serve as support for the slipped course of the satellite (S).

  or secondary chassis (U ') rotating about its axis x.

  9 shows schematically, by way of non-limiting example, the simple planetary gears gear positive in its complete version, and still irreversible, provided

  a self-winding brake reaction in both directions according to the invention.

  It can be seen that said train is composed of a two-way reaction brake as represented in FIG. 7 which shares a same casing (C) with a planetary gear in its simplest first version as represented in FIG. detail in Figure 6 Said reaction brake and said planetary gear being secured by the crankpin (U'3) that carries the satellite (S)

  or chassis (U ') of the second which is rotatably mounted inside the ring (H4) of the first.

  Explanation of the operation of the automatic two-way reaction brake according to

the invention.

  The second stage (Sb3 with internal teeth of the satellite (S) is engaged with the second fixed sun gear (B) of the sun gear at a gear point (I) which is called to renew itself at a point I ', at a point I "etc., around the original circumference of said second planetary.- But if this point I is permanently marked on the principal circumference of the satellite stage (Sb), we notice that, as soon as the motion is initiated, trace around the X axis a hypocycloidal curve describing successive lobes around the pitch circle of said sun gear which move it away and then cyclically close it. As long as the input chassis, in the form of a modified hybrid nanovelle, is leading, this kinematic phenomenon has no influence on the ring (F1 / 2) of the braking member (F1) which, perfectly mastered, rotates around the X-axis brake cylinder (F2) by brushing it without touching it, but as soon as the engine is stopped becomes the leader of the output shaft (33), the initial tendency of the point I to move away from a circular curve, which concerns the movement of the whole satellite (S) or secondary chassis (U '), is not perfectly mastered with a small delay at} eccentric crank (M ") part of the hybrid crank (M) which acts as chassis leading entry of the device and which is constitutive of the reaction brake to two direction according to the invention and it is rnanifeste until the radial braking member (F1) whose ring (F1 / 2 comes into contact more or less intense with the fixed brake cylinder (F2). However, it turns out that, at the complete stop of the motor force, this contact is always intense enough to immediately cancel any tendency of the load, as heavy as it may be, to fall freely. This while, on the descent of a load aided by a motor input force, the intensity of this same contact is reduced to the only friction necessary to inhibit smoothly

  the acceleration of the latter under the effect of the force of gravity.

  Provided with the two-way reaction brake according to the invention, the planetary simple gear train with internal teeth according to the invention is of a nature to entirely secure the use of any lifting gear whatsoever, both at the ascent to the descent of the charges. In addition, said planetary gear thus provided can advantageously replace irreversible two-way co incement pebbles in the perfect control of many reaction movements

existing mechanisms.

: 9 ::::

Claims (1)

1. - Planetary gear train of positive gear and satellite gear with internal teeth, in a first reversible reversible version of brake, characterized, - in that it is composed of a primary chassis leading (U ) in the form of an eccentric crank, itself composed of a trunnion (U1) of central axis X, of a body and a head merged into a single cylindrical cup (IJ2 + U2bis) of eccentric axis x parallel to said X axis, said journal being rotatably mounted in an X-axis input bearing (1) which is arranged in the center of the first vertical wall of a casing containing all the members of the device and said cup being secured to an enlarged cylindrical pin (U'3) of the same axis x which is rotatably mounted thereon; said crankpin being coaxially connected to a satellite (S) or driven secondary chassis (U '), eccentric axis x, or identifying with the cylindrical outer body of the first stage (Sa) with internal teeth of said satellite (S) largely hollowed out at its center and port: a second stage (Sb) with internal teeth placed symmetrically to the first, said satellite or secondary frame meshing on the one hand its first stage (Sa) to a first sun gear (A) with external toothing carried by a half shaft (3), of central axis X, and meshing on the other hand its :: second stage (Sb) to a second fixed sun gear (B), of the same axis X and external teeth also, rigidly connected to the second vertical wall of said housing placed symmetrically to the first; said half output shaft, which finds a passage through the largely hollow center of said satellite or secondary chassis, finally being rotatably mounted: in an output bearing (2) arranged in the center of said wall of said housing which can itself , optionally being provided internally with a hollow central cylinder (4) support which is linked thereto and around which can slide said satellite or secondary chassis in rotation about its axis: eccentric x; and in that it is optionally provided with a palliative means for the interpenetration of its externally-toothed gear wheels with internally-toothed wheels, which consists in reinforcing each of them laterally by a cylindrical outer edge enlarging of their pitch circles to provide reliable support for their rolling without slipping. :: :: 2.- Planetary gear train for positive-action gear and gear with internal gear teeth according to claim 1, in a second version provided with a specific automatic two-way reaction brake, characterized in that the primary chassis (U) [Fig.6] driving the satellite (S) or secondary chassis (IJ ') takes the form of a hybrid crank (M) of the kind IV [Fig.4] that is. itself, composed of a first auxiliary crank (M ') of the genus II [Fig.2] of radius R formed of a trunnion (H1) of horizontal axis X normally connected to a body (H2) whose. sorumet is provided with a head (H2bis) inside which is freely mounted a first crank pin (H3), of horizontal axis eccentric y which is connected at one end parallel to a cylindrical ring (H4), axis horizontal x, combining the functions of body (U2) and head (U2bis) of an eccentric crank of genus (III) [Fig.  3 3 effective radius r whose dilated cylindrical crankpin is other than the cylindrical periphery of the first stage (Sa) or ((U'3) of the satellite (S) or secondary chassis (U '- and in that said first crankpin is connected by the other end normally to the radial rod (F1 / 1) of a radial braking member (F1) composed of said rod terminated by a cylindrical ring (F1 / 2) arranged in close proximity, without contact effective, about a fixed brake cylinder (F2) X axis, advantageously covered with a high friction material, which is connected to the first wall of said housing (C) around the bearing (1) arranged at center of it.   3.- planetary gear according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that it comprises a   hybrid crank (M) of the genus IV [Fig. 4] composed of an auxiliary crank (M ') of the genus II [Fig. 2], of finally non effective radius R formed, itself formed of a trunnion (H1) of horizontal axis X normally connected to a body (H2) whose sorumet is provided with a head (H2bis) in which is freely mounted a first crankpin (3) of horizontal axis eccentric y fitted thereto. Said first crankpin, which accumulates the crankpin functions of said first crank and of a link rigidly connecting it to a cylindrical ring-shaped member (H4), of eccentric axis x parallel to the axes X and y, and accumulating, for its part, the body and head functions of a second eccentric effective crank (M ") of the genus III and effective radius r, whose effective trunnion is none other than the trunnion (H1) of said first auxiliary crank and whose enlarged cylindrical pin (U '3), x-axis and fitted to said ring-shaped member, is   rotatably mounted therein.   4- planetary gear according to claims 1 and 2 and characterized in that it is equipped with a brake   specific automatic two-way reaction characterized in that it consists of a hybrid crank at the free end of the first crankpin (H3) which is normally connected to one end of the rod (Fl / l) of a radial braking member (F1) terminated by a cylindrical ring (F1 / 2) rotating without contact around a fixed braking cylinder (F2), of horizontal axis X, grazing the latter which is rigidly connected to the center the first vertical wall a casing (C).   S.- planetary gear according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that it comprises a means   palliative to the interpenetration of the gears formed of an internal gear wheel and an external gear wheel, characterized in that it consists in reinforcing one and the other of these by a cylindrical outer edge (concave or convex as appropriate) coming into enlargement   of their respective primitive circles.   central X which is fixed there to serve as support for the sliding of said satellite or secondary chassis which turns eccentrically around said central axis while turning, itself, around its eccentric axis x.   In which case, he is always reliably irreversible.   2. Hybrid crank according to claim 1 characterized in that it is composed of a first auxiliary crank (M ') of genus II which has been described and of finally non-effective radius R, formed of a trunnion (H1) d X horizontal axis normally connected to a body (H2) whose apex is provided with a head (H2bis) inside which is freely mounted a first crank pin (H3), of horizontal axis eccentric y parallel to the X axis, adjusted to it. Said first crankpin, which accumulates the crankpin functions of said first crank and link rigidly connecting it to a cylindrical ring-shaped member (H4), eccentric axis x parallel to the X and Y axes, and comulant, for its on the one hand, the body and head functions of a second effective eccentric crank (M ") of genus III which has been described and of effective radius r, the effective trunnion of which is none other than the trunnion (H1) of said first auxiliary crank, and whose cylindrical crankpin dilated (U'3), axis x and fitted to said ring-shaped member, is rotatably mounted inside the latter. materially no other choice, in the logic of the operation of said hybrid crank, than to rotate his crank pin dilated axis x   around the X axis of the latter.   3.- Automatic two-way reaction brake according to claims 1 and 2 characterized   firstly, by the exclusive use of a simple planetary gear with positive reason and satellite with internal teeth according to the invention which is only able to produce its braking effect, and then characterized in that it presents all the characteristics of the hybrid crank which has been described and from which it differs only by the addition of a brake composed of a mobile radial braking member (F1) which surrounds a fixed braking cylinder (F2) advantageously covered with a material with high coefficient of friction. Said radial member being composed of a radial rod (F1 / 1) whose end is rigidly connected to the normal of the first crank pin (H3) of axis y of the first auxiliary crank (M ') of said crank and I' another end is rigidly connected radially to a cylindrical ring (F1 / 2) rotating without contact around said fixed cylinder, axis X, grazing thereof which is rigidly connected to the center of the first vertical wall of a single planetary gear positive and satellite to   internal teeth according to the invention.   4.- Medium palliative to the interpenetration of the toothings of the gears formed of a cogwheel   externally with a toothed wheel internally according to claims 1 and 3,   characterized in that it consists in reinforcing the one and the other of these by a cylindrical outer edge (convex or concave as the case) from widening their respective primitive circles to give a reliable support to "rolling without sliding "from one on / under the other.