FR2832301A1 - Shelf system has two uprights with pivoting bars on one side fitting into slots in shelves, other side of each shelf having curved groove fitting on to supports with curved top surface on opposite side - Google Patents

Abstract

The shelf system has two uprights (11). These have bars (15) mounted on pivots (21) on one side which fit into slots in the shelves. The other side of each shelf has a curved groove which fits on to supports (14) with curved upper surface on the opposite side of each upright.

Description

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SELF-LOCKING SHELF-LIKE STRUCTURE, SHELVES,
LIBRARY OR DISPLAY
The subject of the invention is a self-locking structure, in particular of shelving, shelves, bookcase or display stand. The shelves or shelves or panels (horizontal or inclined) are blocked on the uprights of the structure thanks to an assembly system.

 Document FR-A-2 574 876 describes a piece of furniture having panels assembling in a first step without attached fastening elements. A panel has a tenon on a leveling surface complementary to a mortise formed in a leveling surface of another panel to be assembled. The insertion of the tenon of one panel into the mortise of another panel ensures the reciprocal maintenance of the panels.

 The rigidity of an assembly formed with such panels, however, requires the use of glue or bolts to reduce the play between the panels.

 The document EP-A-0 945 088 describes a self-locking structure having two uprights and a vertical bottom on which horizontal shelves are attached. The uprights and the bottom have studs placed in corresponding mortises on the shelves. Both tenons and mortises have a truncated sphere shape. The tenons cooperate with the mortises to create a pulling effect.

 This device has drawbacks. Indeed, once a tablet is mounted on the uprights, this tablet is easily dislodged from its location, for example by an involuntary operation of a user. In addition, the uprights are not held together before returning the shelves. Maintaining the uprights with the bottom is also not optimal in the presence of shelves.

 There is therefore a need for a structure and an assembly method providing a solution to one or more of these different problems.

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 The invention thus relates to a self-locking structure comprising: at least two uprights each having: - at least one stud; - fixed at the amount; - Having at least one part formed by a volume of revolution whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the upright; - presenting, with respect to the upright, a concavity in a plane along the axis of the upright; - a tablet having a substantially flat surface, - pivotally mounted relative to an upright around an axis; - blocked in translation relative to the latter amount in both directions of a direction normal to the surface; - Having two mortises of shape corresponding substantially to that of a respective tenon in order to cooperate with the latter to create a pulling effect.

 According to a variant, the amounts are joined and not coplanar.

 According to another variant, - one of the uprights has an additional tenon; - fixed at the amount; - Having at least one part formed by a volume of revolution whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the upright; - presenting, with respect to the upright, a concavity in a plane along the axis of the upright; - The other amount having a mortise shape corresponding substantially to that of the post in order to cooperate with it to create a pulling effect.

 According to yet another variant, the uprights are spaced from one another.

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 According to yet another variant, the structure has a third upright, one of the uprights being non-coplanar and attached to the other two.

 It can also be provided that: - the pivoting is ensured by a pivot of an upright; - The pivot axis is distant from the post of this amount cooperating with the mortise of the tablet.

 According to another variant, - the tablet has, substantially parallel to its surface, a groove in which the pivot is slidably mounted.

 According to another variant, the pivot is an elongated cleat pivoting about an axis normal to its amount.

 According to a variant, the groove and the pivot are shaped to clamp the tablet in translation along a normal to the amount of the pivot in the direction of the relative spacing of the tablet and the amount.

 According to yet another variant, a mortise of the tablet is formed in an extension of the groove.

 We can still predict that a post has the same shape as the pivot.

 Alternatively, a post has a flat substantially perpendicular to the corresponding amount, and said post and the corresponding mortise are shaped so that the post is flush with a surface of the tablet.

 According to another variant, the volume of revolution of a tenon has a flat in contact with the corresponding amount.

 According to another variant, the post has a fixing axis offset from the axis of revolution of the volume of revolution.

 According to yet another variant, the volume of revolution of a tenon is a sphere.

 We can also foresee that a mortise is a recess whose depth, along the axis of attachment of the associated stud, corresponds to the dimension of said stud along this axis.

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 According to a variant, the tenon comprises an angular portion of a frustoconical less than or equal to 1800, and two faces tangent to the frustoconical extending the frustoconical.

 According to another variant, the structure also has: - another stud - fixed to the upright; - Having at least one part formed by a volume of revolution whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the upright; - presenting, with respect to the upright, a concavity in a plane along the axis of the upright; - a drawer having: - a base - pivotally mounted relative to the upright around an axis offset from the tenon; - blocked in translation relative to the upright in a direction normal to the surface; -having a mortise shape corresponding substantially to that of the post in order to cooperate with it to create a pulling effect; - a sliding tray with respect to the base.

 The structure according to the invention makes it possible in particular to form shelving, shelves, bookcases or display stands.

 The invention is now described in more detail in the description which follows, and with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of part of a self-locking structure according to a first embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a self-locking structure according to the invention; Figure 3 is a front view of an upright of the structure of Figure 1 or Figure 2;

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3 ; la figure 6, une vue en perspective d'une tablette d'une structure de la figure 1 ou de la figure 2 ; la figure 7, une vue de derrière d'un autre montant de la structure de la figure 1 ; la figure 8, une vue de face du montant de la figure

7 ; la figure 9, une vue en coupe au niveau d'un tenon, d'un montant et d'une tablette assemblés ; la figure 10, une vue en coupe de ces mêmes pièces représentant les différentes forces intervenant ; la figure 11, une vue en coupe d'un tasseau, d'une tablette et d'un montant assemblés ; la figure 12, une vue de derrière d'un autre montant de la structure de la figure 1 ; la figure 13, une vue de face du montant de la figure 12 ; la figure 14, une vue de dessus d'un exemple de structure selon un troisième mode de réalisation ; les figures 15 à 24 représentent diverses façons de fixer les tenons sur les montants ; les figures 25 à 29 représentent diverses variantes des tenons et mortaises selon l'invention, avec du haut vers le bas de la figure une vue du haut du tenon, une vue de côté du tenon, une vue de face de la mortaise et une vue en coupe de la mortaise ; les figures 30 et 31 représentent la répartition des efforts exercés par un tenon sur une tablette dans deux configurations ; la figure 32 représente un mode de réalisation d'un tenon ou d'un tasseau particulier ; la figure 33 représente un mode de réalisation particulier d'une tablette ; la figure 34 représente une variante des tablettes. Figure 4, a side view of the upright of Figure 3; Figure 5, a top view of the upright of Figure

3; Figure 6, a perspective view of a tablet of a structure of Figure 1 or Figure 2; Figure 7, a rear view of another upright of the structure of Figure 1; Figure 8, a front view of the upright of Figure

7; Figure 9, a sectional view at a stud, an upright and a shelf assembled; Figure 10, a sectional view of these same parts representing the different forces involved; Figure 11, a sectional view of a cleat, a shelf and an upright assembled; Figure 12, a rear view of another upright of the structure of Figure 1; Figure 13, a front view of the upright of Figure 12; Figure 14, a top view of an exemplary structure according to a third embodiment; Figures 15 to 24 show various ways of fixing the studs on the uprights; Figures 25 to 29 show various variants of the tenons and mortises according to the invention, with from top to bottom of the figure a view from the top of the tenon, a side view of the tenon, a front view of the mortise and a view in section of the mortise; Figures 30 and 31 show the distribution of the forces exerted by a tenon on a shelf in two configurations; FIG. 32 represents an embodiment of a particular tenon or cleat; FIG. 33 represents a particular embodiment of a tablet; Figure 34 shows a variant of the shelves.

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 In general, the invention relates to a self-locking structure having at least two uprights on which at least one shelf is assembled. The tablet has mortises corresponding to a respective tenon of two uprights. During assembly, the studs fit into the mortises and exert a pulling effect on the shelf. The tablet pivots about an axis relative to an upright and is clamped in translation in both directions in a direction normal to the tablet. Thus, the tablet can be assembled with a pulling effect on the uprights without dislodging during improper handling.

 Figure 1 is a perspective representation of part of a self-locking structure 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The structure 1 shown can for example be used as a corner unit. This structure has a first upright 11, and a second upright 12 used for example as the bottom for the piece of furniture. The first and second uprights are joined and not coplanar. These uprights are vertical in the example shown, but it is also generally possible to envisage using inclined uprights. Shelves 13 are assembled to the uprights. These shelves are horizontal in the example shown, but it is also possible to envisage using inclined shelves, as for example in the case of a display stand.

 A possible variant of the shelves is shown in Figure 34. A first shelf 33 has a lug 34 and a pivot 35 as described above.

 Figures 3 to 5 show more specifically an example of amount 11 of this embodiment. Tenons 14 are fixed to a wall of the upright 11. The tenons 14 are each provided for fixing a shelf. The studs 14 have at least one part formed by a volume of revolution whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the upright. These tenons 14 have a concavity with respect to the upright in the plane along the axis of the upright. This concavity is arranged on the upper side of a tenon

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 14. The operation of the tenons 14 will be explained in more detail below.

 The upright 11 also has pivots 15. These pivots 15 are produced in this example in the form of cleats pivotally mounted on the upright 11. The translation of the pivots along a plane parallel to the upright is clamped, for example by a screw 21 passing through the pivot 15.

 FIG. 6 represents a shelf 13 in perspective, intended to be assembled on the upright 11 and on the upright 18 described below. The tablet 13 thus has a mortise 16, and a groove 17 made on a field intended to come into contact with the upright. The tablet also has another not shown mortise provided for fitting into place with a stud 18 of the upright 12.

 Figures 7 and 8 show respectively rear and front views of the panel 12. The tenons 18 are provided to receive the corresponding mortises of shelves 13. In general, the connection between the tenons 18 and the corresponding mortises is similar to the connection between the tenons 14 and the mortises 16. These tenons 18 can be identical to the tenons 14.

 The mortise 16 has a shape substantially corresponding to that of a tenon 14. The mortise can thus fit onto a tenon 14 and thus cooperate with the latter to create a pulling effect between the upright 11 and the shelf 13. The FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the fitting of a tenon 14 into a mortise of a shelf 13.

 FIG. 10 more precisely explains the pulling force exerted between the mortise 16 and the tenon 14 and generally between a tenon and a corresponding mortise of the structure. The principle is that the shelf or shelf, by leaning on the tenon 14 or 18, via the mortise hollowed out according to a shape corresponding to the tenon, will lock against the upright 11 or 12. The mortise 16 is slightly offset from tenon 14, as happens in reality

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 during the assembly phase of a shelving or library.

 When a force F1 is applied to the tablet 13, for example by presenting the mortise of the tablet to the tenon during assembly, a reaction force F2 is generated, this force F2 pressing the tablet against the upright. This gives a pulling effect. A point of contact between the tenon 14 and the mortise 16 is located at C, namely at the level of the concavity formed by the tenon and the upright, due to the specific shape of the tenon.

 Thus, the higher the force applied to the shelf 13 in the direction of the tenon / mortise fitting, and the greater the pulling effect between the shelf 13 and the upright 11 or 12. Thus, the force applied to the surface of the tablet by the user during assembly or by loads in use, reinforce the pulling effect.

 It is noted that the mortise has, in section, along the vertical plane passing through the axis of the tenon, an arc whose corresponding arrow can be horizontal (or parallel to the axis of the tablet). The mortise acts like a hook, cooperating with the concave part delimited by the post (and the associated upright).

 As described above, the shelf 13 is pivotally mounted relative to the upright 11. The shelf 13 can thus pivot about an axis substantially perpendicular to the upright 11. The shelf 13 is also clamped in translation in the direction normal to its surface in both directions. One can thus, on the one hand, rotate the tablet during assembly, before fitting it into studs corresponding to its mortises.

The assembly is thus extremely simple and self-locking.

The mounting of the shelf 13 on the structure then fixes the uprights and the shelf together. The clamping in translation on the other hand prevents the dislocation of the tablet during improper handling after assembly.

 The pivoting and the clamping in translation of the shelf relative to the upright are in this example

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 obtained by inserting the cleat 15 of the upright 11 in the groove 17 of the tablet. The cleat 15 slides in the groove 17 to allow the insertion of the shelf in the structure. The translation along the normal to its surface is also clamped following the insertion of the cleat 15 in the groove 17. It then suffices to rotate the shelf so that its mortises fit together with the studs 14 and 18 of the uprights 11 and 12 It is also possible to provide a clearance in the pivot, for example a clearance between the groove and the cleat to facilitate the fitting of the tenon 18 into the corresponding mortise of the tablet. It is of course possible to carry out the clamping and the pivoting of the shelf by any other suitable means, such as a bore cooperating with a cylindrical pivot. It is also possible to provide the clamping in translation and the pivoting using a cleat placed on the wall 12 which is inserted in a corresponding groove made on a field of the shelf. The cleat advantageously allows the load to be distributed over the shelf.

 As the pivot formed by the cleat 15 is offset relative to the tenon 14, there is a large lever arm for fitting the tenon 14 into the mortise 16. The stability of the structure is then also improved.

 FIG. 2 represents a second embodiment of the structure according to the invention. This structure has two lateral uprights 11 and 25, between which a bottom upright 12 is interposed.

 This structure can be produced using an upright 11 similar to that of the first embodiment, and for example another upright 25, symmetrical to the upright 11. The bottom upright 12 can be inserted into optional grooves in the uprights 11 and 25 for block this amount 12 in depth in a manner known per se.

The bottom upright is of course optional and one can envisage forming a structure only with uprights 11 and 25 spaced apart and connected by shelves 13.

 The tablet 13 preferably has another mortise 16 and another groove 17 placed on an edge

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 opposite of the shelf if applicable. The shelf may for example have four support points: a lug 14 and a cleat 15 on the uprights 11 and 25.

 To mount the structure shown in FIG. 2, it suffices to introduce the cleats into the grooves of a shelf, then to fold down the shelf to cause the tenons 14 to fit into the mortises 16.

 One can optionally use a bottom upright 12 which fits together with a pulling effect on another upright 11 or 25.

 One can also provide a third embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 14. The structure here has four uprights 21,22, 23 and 24 assembled so as to free a passage between the panels 21 and 24. The uprights 21 and 23 have pivots produced in the form of battens 15. The studs 14 and 26 have a function similar to the studs of the other embodiments. The upright 24 has a tenon fitting into a corresponding mortise of the shelf 13.

 In the example of the first embodiment, the bottom upright 12 has mortises 19 provided for receiving corresponding pins 26 fixed on the amount 11. One can use tenons 26 and mortises 19 similar to tenons and mortises 14, 16 and 18. It is thus possible to generate a pulling effect between two adjacent panels. This pulling effect not only increases the rigidity of the structure but also makes the structure stable during an intermediate mounting step. Thus, two adjacent panels can exert a pulling effect on each other, before the mounting of shelves. The user can thus assemble or disassemble shelves without the structure collapsing.

 In the example of the second embodiment, the bottom upright may have mortises 19 on either side, to receive the corresponding pins 26 of the panels 11 and 25.

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 It may be particularly advantageous to provide a cleat 15 which temporarily blocks the mortised upright 12 against the studs 26 before the mounting of the shelves 13. It is thus possible to provide a cleat 15 mounted for rotation about an axis which has a position in which the upright 12 is compressed between the tenon 26 and the cleat 15. In another angular position, for example the position allowing the mounting of a shelf 13, the cleat 15 releases the upright 12.

 One can generally use tenons whose volume of revolution comprises at least one part of a sphere. This gives excellent contact between the mortise and the corresponding post.

 As can be seen in Figure 30, the force between the tenon and the mortise is evenly distributed. It is thus possible to transmit a force between the tenon and the mortise over substantially the entire height which they have in common. An upright or a shelf thus rest on a large part of their height. The forces applied locally between the tenon and the mortise are distributed in the volume. This variant can be advantageous insofar as industrial manufacturing standards are not always very precise and also insofar as (inevitable) wear is then compensated, without leading to play.

 According to the variant of FIG. 31, the diameter of the mortise is slightly less than that of the tenon. The weight is then distributed over the crown at the level of which the contact takes place between the post and the mortise.

 As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the post can optionally be truncated, to form a flat on the plane of the amount. This increases the range of the post on the amount.

 As is also shown, one can optionally provide a fixing between a post and an amount made so that the axis of the volume of revolution is offset from the axis of the fixing. We

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 then benefits from a squaring effect which improves the retention of the post on the upright.

 Furthermore, according to another variant, the post is truncated (in the direction leading to a flat on the plane of the shelf and not on the plane of the upright), it is then possible to obtain (i) a particular aesthetic effect by this sense that the tenon will be flush with the surface of the shelf, which will also lead to (ii) a technical effect in the sense that the space under the shelf will be completely freed, in particular to allow the insertion of a flush drawer . This aesthetic effect can be reinforced if the post and shelf have the same finish. A substantially invisible junction is then obtained.

 Figure 11 shows a variant of a cleat and a groove increasing the strength of the structure. The cleat 15 and the groove 17 are shaped to allow sliding of the cleat but by clamping a translation of the tablet in the direction of a relative spacing of the tablet and the corresponding amount (represented by the crossed arrow). The groove 17 can thus have a trapezoid shape, the base of which forms the bottom of the groove.

This variant thus makes it possible to increase the forces transmitted between the tablet and an upright.

 Figures 15 to 24 show various ways to attach the studs, including the sphere-shaped studs.

These figures represent two by two a front view and a 900 view.

 Figures 15 and 16 show the embodiment where the tenons are present on both sides of the upright, as for example in the case of a bookcase with several boxes. Two spheres are connected together by a threaded rod (with single or multiple screw thread, over its entire length or not).

 According to Figures 17 and 18, the uprights have grooves facing T-shaped (also called rebate), in which a washer (folded in half at an angle corresponding to that of the groove of the upright)

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 can slide. This washer operates in the same way as that used in the embodiment of Figures 20 and 21. The sphere is also the same, the wire always forming a loop. Two uprights are combined here according to this embodiment, the maintenance being ensured by pinching. This embodiment also allows, with a few quarter turns to release the sphere, then a translational movement, then tightening of the sphere, modularity.

 Figures 19 and 20 illustrate an embodiment in which tenons are present on both sides of the upright, as for example in the case of a bookcase with several boxes. The two spheres are connected together by a wire forming a loop as before.

 According to FIGS. 21 and 22, the sphere comprises a screw pitch into which a screw is screwed, said screw having two longitudinal grooves receiving a wire, this wire forming a loop blocked on the other side of the upright by a washer, so that the screwing action will cause tensioning of the wire and consequently tightening.

 According to Figures 23 and 24, a screw embedded in the sphere or double screw pitch is simply screwed into the amount, with or without pilot hole. The post and the screw can also be in one piece if they are made of the same material.

 Figures 25 to 29 show various variants of the tenons and mortises usable in the context of the invention, with from right to left of the figure a top view of the tenon, a side view of the tenon, a front view of the mortise and a cross-section of the mortise. FIG. 25 represents a sphere cut in two along a horizontal line. The mortise is a spherical recess; Figure 26 also shows a sphere, but truncated according to another variant. The mortise remains a spherical recess;

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 FIG. 27 represents a truncated cone of revolution, the smallest face of which is on the rising side. The mortise is then a recess of corresponding conical shape; FIG. 28 represents a flattened sphere, of substantially elliptical section, the major axis being perpendicular to the axis of the fixing screw. The mortise is then a recess of corresponding elliptical shape; Figure 29 shows a regular hexagonal flared tenon. The corresponding mortise is also a regular flared hexagon.

 In the case of a sphere, for example not truncated, pressed against the upright, the mortise will be obtained by reproducing in the tablet a cylindrical imprint such as: the depth of the imprint, along the axis of attachment of the tenon (sphere ), is at least equal to the radius of the sphere; preferably, this depth is equal to the length (here the diameter) of the spherical post which protrudes from the upright (the shelves are then joined with the upright). The depth of the imprint in the thickness of the tablet is chosen so as to be sufficient to ensure the "hook" effect mentioned above. For example, the depth can be of the order of at least half the radius of the sphere, preferably about the radius of the sphere. It can also be provided that the depth of the imprint is such that a free space is obtained between the tablet and the upright, providing an additional aesthetic effect.

 Cylindrical and spherical shapes can be combined in the case of mortises for very thick tablets. A slight play may be taken into account, and the characteristic dimensions of the mortises will then be adapted according to those of the associated tenon. In general, and preferably, the mortises according to the invention are blind (i. E. The tablet is not crossed).

 The materials used for making the posts are conventional, and include wood, glass, brass, steel, plastic, etc. Similarly, the materials of the uprights are

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 classic and include wood (chipboard, medium, solid, etc.), plastic, glass, metal, etc.

 The dimensions of the uprights, shelves, etc. are classic: height of the structure for example from 20 to 400 cm; width and depth of the box from 5 to 80 cm; height between two shelves 5 to 80 cm. For example, for an embodiment in the form of classic interior furnishings, the following dimensions may be chosen: height of the structure from 50 to 250 cm, width and depth of the box from 15 to 60 cm, height between two shelves from 15 to 60 cm. The thickness of the uprights and shelves is variable, between 8 mm (for example for glass) and 50 mm. Variations are of course possible.

 The dimensions of the tenons and mortises are such that the structure is effectively self-locking. For example, in the case of a tenon in the form of a sphere, the diameter thereof is between 12 mm and 30 mm, while the corresponding mortise will be a sphere of a corresponding diameter.

 The manufacture of tenons and mortises specific to the invention poses no problem to those skilled in the art. For example, in the case of a sphere-shaped tenon, the mortise will be obtained using a cutter similar to that of the tenon.

 FIG. 32 gives three views of a part 27, which can serve as well as a post as a pivot. This part mainly comprises an angular portion of a truncated cone less than or equal to 1800, and two faces tangent to the truncated cone extending this truncated cone.

 The face 28 is brought into contact with the upright, so as to form a concavity with respect to the upright. This piece can thus serve as a tenon by imposing a pulling effect on a corresponding mortise. This part can also replace a cleat as mentioned above.

 As the faces are tangent to the ends of the truncated cone, these faces are inclined both with respect to

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 vertical and transverse of the part 27. These faces therefore also make it possible to obtain a pulling effect. These faces also make it possible to distribute the force exerted by the tenon on the tablet. This part is advantageous since it makes it possible to reduce the number of references to be manufactured as well as the number of assembly errors.

 Although the generatrices of the truncated cone are straight lines, it is of course possible to use any type of curve suitable for the generatrix of this truncated cone.

 Figure 33 shows schematically a simplified manufacturing tablet, which allows the use of the part 27 as a lug and as a pivot.

This shelf thus has a groove 31, forming a sliding portion 30 for a first part 27 serving as a pivot, and extends to the surface of the shelf to form a mortise 29 for the placement of a second piece 27 serving as a tenon. . Just use an appropriately shaped bur in a single pass to make the mortise and groove on the spot. The manufacturing phases of the tablets are thus considerably simplified.

 According to another variant in which the same part is used as a tenon and as a cleat, provision can be made for making a mortise and an independent groove. By making a groove, for example by milling, the bottom shape of which corresponds to the shape of the cleat shown in FIG. 32, an improved resistance of the tablet is obtained. One can indeed increase the contact surface between the cleat and the shelf at the bottom of the groove.

 In general, there are a very large number of tenons and mortises that can be combined. Any post having, relative to the amount on which it is fixed and in the plane of the amount (vertical plane), a concavity is suitable. Any mortise having, in section along the plane passing through the axis of the tenon and along the axis of the uprights, an arc whose corresponding arrow may be horizontal (or parallel to the axis of the tablet) is

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 adapted; arc whose arrow is horizontal therefore means that the mortise can act like a hook, cooperating with the concave part delimited by the tenon (and the associated upright), thus operating a pulling effect on the uprights. Suitable studs are especially those which are regular and correspond to regular polygons (see Figure 28). Suitable studs are also in particular those which are of revolution (subsequently truncated in a plane comprising the axis of attachment or not), preferably not truncated. The preferred post is the sphere, but any other shape as defined above is suitable. Although the description relates in particular to a sphere, it applies mutatis mutandis to any post according to the invention. The sphere (or any other tenon) can be fixed to the upright by means of a cylindrical piece or rod or the like, thus leaving a free space between it and the upright, or on the contrary being applied against the upright.

 In general, the tenons and cleats can be fixed to the uprights by any suitable means, for example by screwing, by embedding or by nailing.

 As the various detailed embodiments show, various structures can be obtained, all of which have very great stability, in particular under load, as well as great modularity, each shelf being able to be removed very easily while avoiding involuntary dislocation. Thus, each shelf can be adjusted in height independently of the others. In particular, it is possible to adjust the height of the feet of the structure. The uprights of a structure according to the invention can be perpendicular two by two, or on the contrary form a different angle. In fact, the invention allows all possible fantasies in terms of the projected shape of the structure (rectangle, trapezoid, double trapezoid, rounded, etc.).

 You can use undifferentiated shelves to make the top, the shelves or the base of the structure. There is therefore no need to plan

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 different shelves, which simplifies both the manufacture and the assembly of the self-locking structure.

 It is even conceivable within the framework of the invention to use removable drawers. One can for example provide two substantially parallel uprights, each having a pivot and a stud as described above.

The drawer may have at least one base having a groove and a mortise of the type described above. A base can thus be pivotally mounted relative to an upright, and be clamped in translation relative to this upright. The mortise cooperates with the post of the corresponding amount to create a pulling effect. The base has a rail on which a storage bin is slidably mounted. It is thus very easy to produce drawers capable of replacing shelves or of being placed at different places in a structure.

Claims (18)

 CLAIMS 1. Self-locking structure (1) comprising: - at least two uprights (11,12, 25) each having - at least one stud (14,18) - fixed to the upright (11,12, 25); - Having at least one part formed by a volume of revolution whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the upright; - presenting, with respect to the upright, a concavity in a plane along the axis of the upright; - a shelf (13) having a substantially flat surface, - pivotally mounted (15,17) relative to an upright (11) around an axis (21); - blocked in translation (15,17) relative to the latter upright (11) in both directions in a direction normal to the surface; - Having two mortises (16) of shape corresponding substantially to that of a respective tenon (14,18) in order to cooperate with it to create a pulling effect. 2. The structure of claim 1, characterized in that the uprights (11,12) are contiguous and not coplanar. 3. The structure of claim 2, characterized in that: - one of the uprights (11,25) has an additional tenon (26); - set at the amount (11, 25); - Having at least one part formed by a volume of revolution whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the upright; <Desc / Clms Page number 20>  - Having, relative to the amount (11,25), a concavity in a plane along the axis of the amount; - The other upright (12) having a mortise (19) of shape corresponding substantially to that of the stud (26) in order to cooperate with the latter to create a pulling effect. 4. The structure of claim 1, characterized in that the uprights (11, 25) are spaced from one another. 5. The structure of one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has a third upright, one of the uprights (12) being non-coplanar and joined to the other two. 6. The structure of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: - the pivoting is provided by a pivot (15,17, 21) of an amount; - The axis (21) of the pivot is distant from the tenon (14) of this amount (11) cooperating with the mortise (16) of the tablet. 7. The structure of claim 6, characterized in that - the tablet has, substantially parallel to its surface, a groove (17) in which the pivot (15, 21) is slidably mounted. 8. The structure of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the pivot is a cleat (15) elongated pivoting about an axis (21) normal to its amount (11,12, 25). 9. The structure of one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the groove (17) and the pivot (15, 21) are shaped to clamp the shelf (13) in translation along a normal to the amount of the pivot in <Desc / Clms Page number 21>  the direction of the relative spacing of the shelf (13) and the upright (11,25). 10. The structure of one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a mortise (29) of the tablet is formed in an extension of the groove (31). 11. The structure of claim 6 to 10, characterized in that a stud (27) has the same shape as the pivot (27). 12. The structure of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tenon has a flat substantially perpendicular to the corresponding amount, and in that said tenon and the corresponding mortise are shaped so that the tenon (14) is flush surface of the shelf (13). 13. The structure of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volume of revolution of a post has a flat in contact with the corresponding amount. 14. The structure of claim 13, characterized in that the post has a fixing axis (21) offset from the axis of revolution of the volume of revolution. 15. The structure of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volume of revolution of a stud is a sphere. 16. The structure of any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mortise is a recess whose depth, along the axis of attachment of the associated tenon, corresponds to the dimension of said tenon along this axis. <Desc / Clms Page number 22> 17. The structure of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tenon (27) comprises an angular portion of a frustoconical less than or equal to 180, and two faces tangent to the frustoconical extending the frustoconical. 18. The structure of one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also has: - another stud - fixed to the upright; - Having at least one part formed by a volume of revolution whose axis is substantially perpendicular to the upright; - presenting, with respect to the upright, a concavity in a plane along the axis of the upright; - a drawer having: - a base - pivotally mounted relative to the upright around an axis offset from the tenon; - blocked in translation relative to the upright in a direction normal to the surface; - Having a mortise shape corresponding substantially to that of the post in order to cooperate with it to create a pulling effect; - a sliding tray with respect to the base.