FR2831797A1 - COSMETIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING A POLYURETHANE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a nail varnish composition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, a polyurethane obtained by polycondensation of tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate. The invention also concerns a make-up and nail care method consisting in applying said composition on the nails. The composition produces a film with good cosmetic properties such as adherence and gloss, is not tacky and capable of being peeled off from the surface of the support whereon the film is deposited, but still capable of being removed with standard acetone and/or ethyl acetate solvents

Description

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The subject of the present invention is a film-forming cosmetic composition comprising a particular polyurethane that can be used especially as a makeup or skincare composition for keratin materials such as the skin, including the lips, the nails, the eyelashes, the eyebrows, the hair of beings. humans. The invention also relates to the use of this composition for the makeup or cosmetic care of keratin materials.

The composition according to the invention can be a nail polish, a mascara, a foundation, a lip product, an eyeliner, a body makeup product, a beauty mask, a facial care composition. or body. More specifically, the composition is a nail polish.

The nail polish composition can be used as a base for varnish, as a nail makeup product, as a finishing composition, also called "top-coat" in English terminology, to be applied to the nail makeup product or else as cosmetic nail care product. These compositions can be applied to human nails or false nails.

It is known from the state of the art of peelable water-based paints comprising an aqueous polymer dispersion, as for example described in JP-A-56-131513. However, if the peeling of the makeup film deposited on the nail is poorly performed and pieces of film remain on the nail, it is difficult for the user to completely eliminate the pieces of film remaining because these pieces do not can not be cleansed with conventional nail polish removers.

It is also known varnishes in organic solvent medium comprising nitrocellulose to obtain a water-resistant film. However, this polymer forms a film having a good hardness but is not peelable from the surface of the nail.

The object of the present invention is to provide a film-forming cosmetic composition with an aqueous medium, in particular with nail polish, forming a film having good cosmetic properties such as adhesion and gloss, not being sticky and capable of detaching. by peeling off the surface of the support on which the film is deposited, for example from the surface of the nails, while also being removable from the conventional solvents based on acetone and / or ethyl acetate.

The Applicant has found that such a composition can be obtained by using a particular polyurethane, especially in aqueous dispersion.

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Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet une composition cosmétique comprenant, dans un milieu cosmétiquement acceptable, un polyuréthane obtenu par polycondensation du diisocyanate de tétraméthylxylylène.

More specifically, the subject of the invention is a cosmetic composition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, a polyurethane obtained by polycondensation of tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate.

The subject of the invention is also a cosmetic process for makeup and / or non-therapeutic care of keratinous substances (such as nails or skin) comprising the application to the keratin materials of a composition as defined above. This method is more particularly applicable to nails.

The subject of the invention is also the use of a composition as defined above for obtaining a film, deposited on keratinous substances (such as nails or skin), peelable and / or cleanable at the same time. acetone and / or ethyl acetate, and / or as peelable nail polish.

The subject of the invention is also the use of a polyurethane, in particular an aqueous dispersion, obtained by polycondensation of tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, in a cosmetic composition for obtaining a film, deposited on keratin materials (such as nails or skin), peelable and / or make-up remover with acetone and / or ethyl acetate.

The polyurethane present in the composition according to the invention is a polyurethane of tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI). Such a polyurethane also has the advantage of being able to be prepared without using N-methyl pyrrolidone or acetone, thus allowing the use of this polyurethane in cosmetics without encountering the problems related to the presence of such organic solvents.

méthyléthyl) benzène, et de préférence est le méta-TMXDI. Said tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, also called bis- (1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl) benzene (having Registry Number 58067-42-8) may be meta-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (meta-TMXDI), also called meta-bis - (1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl) benzene, or paratetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (para- TMXD 1), also called para-bis- (1-isocyanato-1-

methylethyl) benzene, and preferably is meta-TMXDI.

The meta-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate has the formula:

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Ledit polyuréthane est, de façon connue, obtenu par polycondensation dudit diisocyanate avec au moins un diol. Avantageusement, le diol comporte des groupes hydroxyles primaires. The para-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate has the formula:

Said polyurethane is, in known manner, obtained by polycondensation of said diisocyanate with at least one diol. Advantageously, the diol has primary hydroxyl groups.

The diol may be chosen from diol monomers or diol polymers.

col, le diéthylène glycol, le triéthylène glycol, le 1, 3-propandiol, le cyclohexane diméthanoi, le 4-butandiol. The diol monomer may in particular be chosen from aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic diols. A diol chosen from ethylene glycol is preferably used.

col, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,3-propandiol, cyclohexane dimethanol, 4-butandiol.

The diol polymer may be chosen from polyesters diols or polyether diols, and preferably from polyesters diols.

The polyester diol may for example be obtained by reaction of dicarboxylic acid in the presence of diol, especially in excess.

diméthylmalonique, l'acide succinique, l'acide glutarique, l'acide adipique, l'acide pimélique, l'acide 2, 2-diméthylglutarique, l'acide azélaïque, l'acide subérique, l'acide sébacique, l'acide fumarique, l'acide maléique, l'acide itaconique, l'acide phtalique, l'acide dodécanedioïque, l'acide 1, 3-cyclohexanedicarboxylique, l'acide 1, 4-cyclohexa-nedicarboxylique, l'acide isophtalique, l'acide téréphtalique, l'acide diglycolique, l'acide thiodipropionique, l'acide 2, 5-naphtalènedicarboxylique, l'acide 2, 6-naphta-lènedicarboxylique. Ces monomères acide dicarboxylique peuvent être utilisés seuls ou en combinaison d'au moins deux monomères acide dicarboxylique. Parmi ces monomères, on choisit préférentiellement un acide dicarboxylique comprenant de 4 à 8 atomes de carbone, comme l'acide phtalique ou l'acide succinique. The dicarboxylic acid can be aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic. Examples of such acids are: oxalic acid, malonic acid,

dimethylmalonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, 2,2-dimethylglutaric acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid , maleic acid, itaconic acid, phthalic acid, dodecanedioic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexa-nedicarboxylic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid diglycolic acid, thiodipropionic acid, 2,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid. These dicarboxylic acid monomers may be used alone or in combination with at least two dicarboxylic acid monomers. Among these monomers, a dicarboxylic acid comprising from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, such as phthalic acid or succinic acid, is preferably chosen.

The diol may comprise from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and may be, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or cyclohexanedimethanol.

The polyether diol may be chosen from polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycols, especially those having from 2 to 50 units of ethylene oxide or of propylene oxide).

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Advantageously, the polyurethane is an anionic polyurethane, in particular a polyurethane comprising at least one carboxylic acid group. In this case, the polyurethane results from the polycondensation of at least one diol having at least one carboxylic acid group, such as, for example, 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid or 2, 2-dimethylol butyric acid.

Preferably, the carboxylic acid group present in the polyurethane can be neutralized with a base. The base may be chosen from inorganic bases such as sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate as well as ammonia, or organic bases such as amino alcohols such as 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine (TIPA), monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, tri [(2-hydroxy) -1-propyl] amine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propandiol (AMPD) or 2 -amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3propandiol as well as diamines, such as lysine.

The base is preferably chosen from ammonia, sodium hydroxide and triethylamine.

l'éthylènediamine, l'hexaméthylènediamine, la méta- ou para-phénylènediamine. The polyurethane may further comprise an additional monomer selected from diamines and amino alcohols. As diamines, mention may be made

ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, meta- or para-phenylenediamine.

As aminoalcohol, there may be mentioned monoethanolamine.

Preferably, said polyurethane is free of unreacted isocyanate group.

The polyurethane may have a weight average molecular weight ranging from 2,000 to 1,000,000.

The polyurethane present in the composition according to the invention is preferably in the form of solid particles in aqueous dispersion, generally known under the name of latex or pseudolatex.

 The polyurethane in aqueous dispersion may be in the form of solid particles having a size ranging from 10 nm to 500 nm, preferably ranging from 20 nm to 300 nm, preferably ranging from 50 nm to 200 nm, and more preferably ranging from 100 nm. at 150 nm. Such particles make it possible to obtain a film of a particularly high and durable gloss.

According to one embodiment of the composition according to the invention, the polyurethane may have a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 20 ° C., in particular ranging from 20 ° C. to 50 ° C., preferably greater than or equal to 30 ° C., in particular ranging from C. at 50 ° C., advantageously greater than or equal to 35 ° C., in particular ranging from 35 ° C. to 50 ° C.

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The measurement of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer can be carried out by DMTA (Dynamic and Mechanical Temperature Analysis).

L'échantillon subit une force statique de 0, 01 N à laquelle se superpose un déplacement sinusoïdal de 8 um à la fréquence de 1 Hz. On travaille ainsi dans le domaine linéaire, sous de faibles niveaux de déformation. Cette sollicitation de traction est effectuée sur l'échantillon à des températures variant de-150 C à + 220 C, avec une variation de température de 3 C par minute. To measure the glass transition temperature (Tg) of a polymer, viscoelasticimetry tests are carried out with a DMTA apparatus of TA instruments, on a sample of polymer film having for example a thickness of about 100 μm in thickness, a width of about 5 mm and a length of about 10 mm, obtained especially after drying for 24 hours at 30 ° C., at 50% relative humidity. This sample is imposed a tensile stress.

The sample is subjected to a static force of 0.01 N, superimposed on a sinusoidal displacement of 8 μm at the frequency of 1 Hz. This is done in the linear domain at low levels of deformation. This tensile stress is carried out on the sample at temperatures ranging from-150 ° C. to + 220 ° C., with a temperature variation of 3 ° C. per minute.

The complex modulus E * = E '+ iE "of the tested polymer is then measured as a function of temperature.

From these measurements, one deduces the dynamic modules E ', E "and the damping power: tgò = E" / E'.

Then we draw the curve of the values of tgâ as a function of the temperature; this curve has at least one peak. The glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer corresponds to the temperature at which the peak of this peak is located.

Advantageously, the polyurethane is such that the hardness of a film obtained after drying, for 24 hours at 30 ° C. and at 50% relative humidity, with a layer 300 μm thick (before drying) of a dispersion 28% aqueous solids content of polyurethane particles and 1% by weight, relative to the total weight of polyurethane, of n-butyl dipropylene glycol ether ranges from 50 to 200 seconds, preferably from 60 to 150 seconds, and better from 80 to 150 seconds.

The hardness of the film is measured according to ASTM standard D-43-66, or standard NF-T 30-016 (October 1981), using a Persoz pendulum.

As an example of polyurethane, mention may be made of those sold under the names CYDROTHANE HP 1035, CYDROTHANE® HP 4033, CYDROTHANEO HP 5036, CYDROTHANE® HP 6000 by the company CYTEC.

In the composition according to the invention, the polyurethane may be present in a content ranging from 0.1% to 60% by weight of solids, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably from 1% to 50% by weight. and better from 5% to 40% by weight.

Advantageously, the polyurethane present in the composition according to the invention is a film-forming polyurethane: the polyurethane is capable of forming on its own or in

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 presence of an auxiliary film-forming agent, a continuous and adherent film on a support, in particular on keratin materials.

To improve the film-forming properties of the composition, an auxiliary film-forming agent may be present in the composition. Such an auxiliary film-forming agent may be chosen from all the compounds known to those skilled in the art as being capable of fulfilling the desired function, and in particular among plasticizing agents and coalescing agents.

les sébacates tels que le sébacate de diméthyle, le sébacate de diéthyle, le sébacate de dibutyl, les citrates tels que le citrate de triéthyle, le citrate d'acétyl triéthyle, le citrate d'acétyl tributyle, les phtalates tels que le phtalate de diéthyle, le phtalate de dibutyl, le phtalate de dioctyl. As an example of a plasticizer, mention may be made of: adipates such as diethyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, diisopropyl adipate,

sebacates such as dimethyl sebacate, diethyl sebacate, dibutyl sebacate, citrates such as triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, phthalates such as diethyl phthalate , dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate.

The plasticizer may be present in the composition according to the invention in an amount sufficient to plasticize the polymer film deposited on the keratin materials. In particular, the content of plasticizer in the composition can range from 0.05% to 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, and better still from 0.1% to 10% by weight.

le lactate de méthyle, le lactate d'éthyle, le lactate d'isopropyle, le lactate de bu- tyle. As coalescing agent, mention may be made of: propylene glycol ethers such as propylene glycol n-butyl ether, propylene glycol tbutyl ether, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, ethers of dipropylene glycol such as dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol t-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol npropyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol,

methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, isopropyl lactate, butyl lactate.

The coalescing agent may be present in the composition according to the invention in a content ranging from 0.05% to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, and better still from 0.1% to 8% by weight. weight.

The medium of the composition of the invention is advantageously an aqueous medium.

This aqueous medium can consist essentially of water. The water content in the composition may range from 10% to 95% by weight, relative to the total weight

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 of the composition, preferably from 40% to 90% by weight, and more preferably from 60% to 85% by weight.

The composition may also comprise a water-miscible solvent such as lower monoalcohols having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, glycols having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, C3-C4 ketones, C2-C4 aldehydes, in particular in a content ranging from 0.1% to 15% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise a thickening agent, in particular an aqueous medium thickening agent, such as water-swellable clays such as hectorites, bentonites, associative thickeners such as associative polyurethanes, acrylic polymers. associative, water-soluble cellulosic thickeners such as hydroxyethylcellulose.

The thickener may be present in a content ranging from 0.1% to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. The composition according to the invention may further comprise dyestuffs such as water-soluble dyes, pulverulent dyestuffs such as pigments, pearlescent agents, flakes well known to those skilled in the art. The dyestuffs may be present in the composition in a content ranging from 0.01% to 50% by weight, relative to the weight of the composition, preferably from 0.01% to 30% by weight.

By pigments, it is necessary to include particles of any shape, white or colored, mineral or organic, insoluble in the physiological medium, intended to color the composition.

 By nacres, it is necessary to understand particles of any iridescent form, in particular produced by certain molluscs in their shell or else synthesized.

 The pigments may be white or colored, mineral and / or organic. Among the inorganic pigments, titanium dioxide, optionally surface-treated, zirconium oxide or cerium oxides, and oxides of zinc, iron (black, yellow or red) or chromium, the violet of manganese, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate and ferric blue, metal powders such as aluminum powder, copper powder.

 Among the organic pigments, mention may be made of carbon black, D & C type pigments, and lacquers based on cochineal carmine, barium, strontium, calcium, aluminum.

 The pearlescent pigments may be chosen from white pearlescent pigments such as mica coated with titanium, or bismuth oxychloride, colored pearlescent pigments such as titanium mica coated with iron oxides, titanium mica containing

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 covered with in particular ferric blue or chromium oxide, titanium mica coated with an organic pigment of the aforementioned type as well as pearlescent pigments based on bismuth oxychloride.

The water-soluble dyes are, for example, beet juice, methylene blue.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise fillers, in particular in a content ranging from 0.01% to 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably ranging from 0.01% to 30% by weight. weight. By fillers, it is necessary to include particles of any form, colorless or white, mineral or synthetic, insoluble in the medium of the composition regardless of the temperature at which the composition is manufactured. These fillers serve in particular to modify the rheology or the texture of the composition.

thylène (Téflon@), la lauroyl-lysine, l'amidon, le nitrure de bore, les microsphères creuses polymériques telles que celles de chlorure de polyvinylidène/acrylonitrile comme l'Expancel@ (Nobel Industrie), de copolymères d'acide acrylique (Poly- trap@ de la société Dow Corning) et les microbilles de résine de silicone (Tos- pearls@ de Toshiba, par exemple), les particules de polyorganosiloxanes élastomères, le carbonate de calcium précipité, le carbonate et l'hydro-carbonate de magnésium, l'hydroxyapatite, les microsphères de silice creuses (Silica Beads (D de Maprecos), les microcapsules de verre ou de céramique, les savons métalliques dérivés d'acides organiques carboxyliques ayant de 8 à 22 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 12 à 18 atomes de carbone, par exemple le stéarate de zinc, de magnésium ou de lithium, le laurate de zinc, le myristate de magnésium. The fillers can be mineral or organic of any shape, platelet, spherical or oblong, irrespective of the crystallographic form (for example sheet, cubic, hexagonal, orthorhombic, etc.). Mention may be made of talc, mica, silica, kaolin, polyamide (Nylon®) powders (Orgasol® from Atochem), poly-ss-alanine and polyethylene, tetrafluoroethylene polymer powders.

thylene (Teflon®), lauroyl-lysine, starch, boron nitride, polymeric hollow microspheres such as those of polyvinylidene chloride / acrylonitrile such as Expancel® (Nobel Industry), acrylic acid copolymers ( Poly- trap® from Dow Corning) and silicone resin microbeads (eg Toshiba Toshams®), elastomeric polyorganosiloxane particles, precipitated calcium carbonate, carbonate and hydro-carbonate. magnesium, hydroxyapatite, hollow silica microspheres (Silica Beads (D from Maprecos), glass or ceramic microcapsules, metal soaps derived from organic carboxylic acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 12 at 18 carbon atoms, for example zinc, magnesium or lithium stearate, zinc laurate, magnesium myristate.

les filtres UV, les actifs, les tensioactifs, les agents hydratants, les parfums, les neutralisants, les stabilisants, les antioxydants. The composition according to the invention may further comprise any cosmetic additive known to those skilled in the art as being capable of being incorporated in such a composition, such as the additional film-forming polymers (different from the polyurethane described above), the agents of spreading, wetting agents, dispersing agents, defoamers, oils, waxes, preservatives,

UV filters, actives, surfactants, moisturizers, perfumes, neutralizers, stabilizers, antioxidants.

Of course, those skilled in the art will take care to choose this or these optional additional compounds, and / or their quantity, in such a way that the beneficial properties

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 the corresponding composition according to the invention are not, or not substantially, impaired by the addition envisaged.

The composition of the invention can be obtained according to the preparation methods conventionally used in cosmetics.

The invention is illustrated in more detail in the following examples.

EXAMPLE 1 A nail polish having the following composition was prepared:

<Tb>
<tb> - <SEP><SEP> aqueous dispersion <SEP> of <SEP> polyurethane <SEP> to <SEP> 35 <SEP>% <SEP> in <SEP> weight <SEP> of
<tb> materials <SEP> dry <SEP> sold <SEP> under <SEP> the <SEP> denomination
<tb><SEP> CYDROTHANE @ <SEP> HP <SEP> 6000 <SEP><SEP> by <SEP><SEP> Company <SEP> CYTEC <SEP> 31 <SEP> g <SEP> MA
<tb> - <SEP> n-butyl <SEP> ether <SEP> of <SEP> dipropylene <SEP> glycol <SEP> 1 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> polyurethane <SEP> associative <SEP> sold <SEP> under <SEP> the <SEP> denomination
<tb><SEP> Serad <SEP> FX <SEP> 1100 <SEP><SEP> by <SEP> The <SEP> Company <SEP> SERVO <SEP> HOLS <SEP> 0, <SEP> 1 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> Ethanol <SEP> 4 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> Pigments <SEP> 1 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> Preservatives <SEP> qs
<tb> - <SEP> Water <SEP> qsp <SEP> 100 <SEP> g
<Tb>
A nail polish is obtained which is easily applied to the nails and after drying forms a glossy, non-sticky film. The film is easily peeled off the surface of the nail. The varnish film also removes easily with the cleanser sold under the name Lancôme Douceur.

Example 2: A nail polish having the following composition is prepared:

<Tb>
<tb> - <SEP><SEP> aqueous dispersion <SEP> of <SEP> polyurethane <SEP> to <SEP> 35 <SEP>% <SEP> in <SEP> weight <SEP> of
<tb> materials <SEP> dry <SEP> sold <SEP> under <SEP> the <SEP> denomination
<tb><SEP> CYDROTHANEO <SEP> HP <SEP> 5035}} <SEP> by <SEP> the <SEP> company <SEP> CYTEC <SEP> 31 <SEP> g <SEP> MA
<tb> - <SEP> polyurethane <SEP> associative <SEP> sold <SEP> under <SEP> the <SEP> denomination
<tb><SEP> Serad <SEP> FX <SEP> 1100 <SEP><SEP> by <SEP> The <SEP> Company <SEP> SERVO <SEP> HÜLS <SEP> 0.15 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> Ethanol <SEP> 4 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> Pigments <SEP> 1 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> Preservatives <SEP> qs
<Tb>

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<Tb>
<tb> - <SEP> Water <SEP> qsp <SEP> 100 <SEP> g
<Tb>
This varnish applied to the nails forms a glossy film, non-sticky, which films easily. The varnish film also removes makeup remover sold under the name Lancôme Douceur.

Claims (37)

1. Cosmetic composition comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, a film-forming polyurethane obtained by polycondensation of tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that said isocyanate is meta-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate. 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said polyurethane is obtained by polycondensation of said diisocyanate with at least one diol selected from diol monomers or diol polymers. 4. Composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the diol monomer is chosen from ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,3-propandiol, cyclohexane dimethanol, 4-butanediol. 5. Composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the diol polymer is chosen from polyesters diols or polyether diols. 6. Composition according to Claim 5, characterized in that the polyester diol is obtained by reaction of a dicarboxylic acid comprising from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and a diol. 7. Composition according to Claim 6, characterized in that the said dicarboxylic acid is phthalic acid or succinic acid.  8. Composition according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that polyester diol is obtained by reaction of a dicarboxylic acid and a diol comprising from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.  9. Composition according to claim 8, characterized in that said diol is

 selected from ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol. 10. Composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the polyether diol is chosen from polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycols, especially those having from 2 to 50 units of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide. 11. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane is an anionic polyurethane. 12. Composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the polyurethane comprising at least one carboxylic acid group. <Desc / Clms Page number 12> 13. Composition according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the polyurethane results from the polycondensation of at least one diol chosen from 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid or 2, 2-dimethylol butyric acid. 14. Composition according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the carboxylic acid group present in the polyurethane is neutralized, partially or totally, with a base. 15. Composition according to Claim 14, characterized in that the base is chosen from sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonia, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, triethanolamine and triisopropanolamine. , monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, tri (2-hydroxy) -1-propyl] amine, 2-amino

 2-methyl-1,3-propandiol, 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol, lysine. 16. Composition according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the base is selected from ammonia, sodium hydroxide, triethylamine. 17. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane comprises an additional monomer selected from diamines and aminoalcohols. 18. Composition according to Claim 17, characterized in that the additional monomer is chosen from ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, meta-para-phenylenediamine and monoethanolamine. 19. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane has a weight average molecular weight ranging from 2000 to 1000000. 20. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane is film-forming. 21. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane has a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 20 C, preferably greater than or equal to 30 C, preferably greater than or equal to 35 C. 22. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane is in the form of solid particles in aqueous dispersion. <Desc / Clms Page number 13>

23. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane is such that the hardness of a film obtained after drying, for 24 hours at 30 C and at 50% relative humidity, a 300 μm thick layer (before drying) of an aqueous dispersion containing 28% of dry matter of polyurethane particles and 1% by weight, relative to the total weight of polyurethane, of n-butyl ether of dipropylene glycol is from 50 to 200 seconds, preferably from 60 to 150 seconds, and more preferably from 80 to 150 seconds, the hardness of the film being measured according to the ASTM D-43-66 standard, or the NF-T 30-016 standard (October 1981). ), using a Persoz pendulum. 24. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane is in the form of solid particles having a size ranging from 10 nm to 500 nm, preferably ranging from 20 nm to 300 nm, preferably ranging from 50 nm to 200 nm, and more preferably from 100 nm to 150 nm. 25. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polyurethane is present in a content ranging from 0.1% to 60% by weight of solids, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably from 1% to 50% by weight and better still from 5% to 40% by weight. 26. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an auxiliary film-forming agent. 27. Composition according to Claim 26, characterized in that the auxiliary film-forming agent is chosen from plasticizers and coalescing agents. 28. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises water in a content ranging from 10% to 95% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably 40% by weight. % to 90% by weight, and more preferably 60% to 85% by weight. 29. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a water-miscible solvent chosen from lower monoalcohols having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, glycols having from 2 to 8 atoms. carbon, C3-C4 ketones, C2-C4 aldehydes, especially in a content ranging from 0.1% to 15% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. 30. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a thickening agent. <Desc / Clms Page number 14> 31. The composition as claimed in claim 30, characterized in that the thickening agent is chosen from water-swellable clays, associative thickeners and water-soluble cellulosic thickeners. 32. A composition according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that the thickening agent is present in a content ranging from 0.1% to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition 33. Composition according to the invention. any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a dyestuff. 34. Composition according to claim 33, characterized in that the coloring material is chosen from water-soluble dyes, pigments, pearlescent agents, and flakes. 35. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a cosmetic additive chosen from fillers, additional film-forming polymers, spreading agents, wetting agents, dispersing agents, anti-foams, oils, waxes, preservatives, UV filters, actives, surfactants, moisturizers, fragrances, neutralizers, stabilizers, antioxidants. 36. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a nail polish, a mascara, a foundation, a product for the lips, an eyeliner, a body makeup product. , a beauty mask, a composition for the care of the face or the body. 37. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it constitutes a nail polish. 38. A cosmetic process for makeup and / or non-therapeutic care of keratinous substances, in particular nails, comprising the application to the keratin materials of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 37. 1 39. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 36 for obtaining a film, deposited on keratin materials, peelable and / or demosaussable with acetone and / or ethyl acetate, and / or as peelable nail polish. 40. Use of a polyurethane, in particular in aqueous dispersion, obtained by polycondensation of tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, in a composition <Desc / Clms Page number 15>  cosmetic for obtaining a film, deposited on keratin materials, and / or permeable and / or removable with acetone and / or ethyl acetate.