FR2812008A1 - Shutter, e.g. manhole cover, has hinges with fixed members on surrounding frame and detachable rotating members on cover - Google Patents
Shutter, e.g. manhole cover, has hinges with fixed members on surrounding frame and detachable rotating members on cover Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2812008A1 FR2812008A1 FR0009414A FR0009414A FR2812008A1 FR 2812008 A1 FR2812008 A1 FR 2812008A1 FR 0009414 A FR0009414 A FR 0009414A FR 0009414 A FR0009414 A FR 0009414A FR 2812008 A1 FR2812008 A1 FR 2812008A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- cover
- hinge
- hinges
- fixed
- sealing device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1463—Hinged connection of cover to frame
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1418—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers with implements to assist in lifting, e.g. counterweights, springs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D3/00—Hinges with pins
- E05D3/02—Hinges with pins with one pin
- E05D3/022—Hinges with pins with one pin allowing an additional lateral movement, e.g. for sealing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
- E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
- E05F1/1091—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a gas spring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2999/00—Subject-matter not otherwise provided for in this subclass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne, de façon générale, un dispositifThe present invention relates, in general, to a device
d'obturation articulé, notamment utilisable en tant qu'équipement de voirie, c'est-à-dire un dispositif doté d'au moins un couvercle articulé relativement massif, pesant, et généralement disposé articulated closure, in particular usable as road equipment, that is to say a device provided with at least one relatively massive articulated cover, heavy, and generally arranged
horizontalement en position de fermeture. horizontally in the closed position.
Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un dispositif d'obturation d'une ouverture, telle qu'un regard de chaussée, comprenant un cadre bordant l'ouverture, au moins un couvercle mobile entre diverses positions comprenant une position d'ouverture extrême dans laquelle il est totalement dégagé de l'ouverture, et une position de fermeture dans laquelle il est appliqué sur le cadre, une articulation reliant un bord d'articulation du couvercle à un bord d'articulation du cadre, et des moyens de came pour guider le couvercle, entre ses positions d'ouverture extrême et de fermeture, suivant une trajectoire courbe qui présente une déviation maximale prédéterminée avec une trajectoire circulaire More specifically, the invention relates to a device for closing an opening, such as a manhole cover, comprising a frame bordering the opening, at least one cover movable between various positions comprising an extreme opening position in which it is completely disengaged from the opening, and a closed position in which it is applied to the frame, an articulation connecting an articulation edge of the cover to an articulation edge of the frame, and cam means for guiding the cover, between its extreme open and closed positions, along a curved path which has a predetermined maximum deviation with a circular path
moyenne.average.
Des dispositifs de ce type sont bien connus dans l'art antérieur, comme le montre par exemple le document Devices of this type are well known in the prior art, as shown for example in the document
de brevet FR 2 519 665.FR 2,519,665.
En général, ces dispositifs utilisent, en tant que moyens de came, soit des articulations formées de pièces mâle et femelle dont l'une au moins a une forme non circulaire, soit des rampes formées de deux pièces coopérantes, à distance plus ou moins grande de l'articulation, soit une combinaison de ces deux In general, these devices use, as cam means, either articulations formed of male and female parts, at least one of which has a non-circular shape, or ramps formed of two cooperating parts, at greater or less distance. of the joint, a combination of these two
solutions.solutions.
Bien que ces dispositifs connus puissent assurer toute satisfaction dans certaines conditions, ils peuvent s'avérer perfectibles à certaines occasions, notamment en raison du fait que les pièces de forme non circulaire exigent généralement une fabrication spécialisée, donc plus coûteuse, et du fait que des rampes distantes de l'articulation engendrent des frottements parfois indésirables. L'invention, qui se situe dans ce contexte, a pour but de proposer un dispositif permettant de répondre à certains besoins ressentis lors de l'utilisation de ces Although these known devices can provide complete satisfaction under certain conditions, they may prove to be perfectable on certain occasions, in particular due to the fact that the parts of non-circular shape generally require specialized manufacture, therefore more expensive, and the fact that Ramps distant from the joint generate sometimes undesirable friction. The invention, which is situated in this context, aims to propose a device making it possible to meet certain needs felt when using these
dispositifs connus.known devices.
A cette fin, le dispositif d'obturation de l'invention, par ailleurs conforme à la définition générique qu'en donne le préambule ci-dessus, est essentiellement caractérisé en ce que l'articulation comprend au moins une première charnière incluant une penture fixe solidaire du bord d'articulation du cadre et une penture mobile solidaire du bord d'articulation du couvercle, les pentures comportant des extrémités actives respectives et adjacentes, dont chacune présente une surface externe, en ce que l'extrémité active d'une première des pentures fixe et mobile porte une broche sensiblement cylindrique présentant un premier axe, en ce que l'extrémité active d'une seconde des pentures fixe et mobile est constituée par une paumelle formant un logement interne sensiblement cylindrique qui présente un deuxième axe et dans lequel la broche est reçue avec un jeu au moins égal à la déviation maximale, et en ce que les moyens de came comprennent une butée solidaire du couvercle et venant sélectivement porter sur la surface externe de l'extrémité active de la penture fixe, ou s'en éloigner, en fonction de la position du couvercle, pour déplacer les premier et second axes l'un par rapport à l'autre. Dans le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la surface externe de la penture fixe est au moins To this end, the closure device of the invention, moreover in accordance with the generic definition given in the preamble above, is essentially characterized in that the articulation comprises at least one first hinge including a fixed hinge secured to the hinge edge of the frame and a movable hinge secured to the hinge edge of the cover, the hinges having respective active and adjacent ends, each of which has an external surface, in that the active end of one of the first fixed and movable hinges carries a substantially cylindrical pin having a first axis, in that the active end of a second fixed and movable hinges is constituted by a hinge forming a substantially cylindrical internal housing which has a second axis and in which the spindle is received with a play at least equal to the maximum deflection, and in that the cam means comprise a stop integral with the neck and selectively bear on the external surface of the active end of the fixed hinge, or move away from it, depending on the position of the cover, to move the first and second axes relative to each other. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the external surface of the fixed hinge is at least
partiellement cylindrique.partially cylindrical.
La butée peut alors comprendre au moins une première surface d'appui sensiblement plane, et par exemple former un dièdre comprenant des première et seconde surfaces d'appui sensiblement planes qui se raccordent l'une à l'autre en formant un angle dans lequel s'inscrivent les extrémités actives des pentures The abutment can then comprise at least a first substantially planar bearing surface, and for example form a dihedral comprising first and second substantially planar bearing surfaces which connect to each other by forming an angle in which s '' write the active ends of the hinges
fixe et mobile.fixed and mobile.
Une structure particulièrement simple peut être obtenue en prévoyant que la paumelle soit portée par la penture fixe. Dans ce cas, les première et seconde surfaces d'appui peuvent prendre appui sur la surface externe de la paumelle en position de fermeture et en position A particularly simple structure can be obtained by providing that the hinge is carried by the fixed hinge. In this case, the first and second bearing surfaces can bear on the external surface of the hinge in the closed position and in the position
d'ouverture extrême du couvercle, la broche pouvant elle- extreme opening of the cover, the spindle being able to
même venir en appui contre le logement interne de la paumelle pour une position du couvercle intermédiaire entre sa position de fermeture et sa position d'ouverture extreme. La stabilité du couvercle peut être assurée de façon optimale en prévoyant une seconde charnière, even bear against the internal housing of the hinge for a position of the intermediate cover between its closed position and its extreme open position. The stability of the cover can be optimally ensured by providing a second hinge,
symétrique de la première par rapport à un plan médian. symmetrical of the first with respect to a median plane.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de Other features and benefits of
l'invention ressortiront de la description qui en est the invention will emerge from the description which is
faite ci-après, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence au dessin annexé, dans lesquels: - La figure 1 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de l'invention; - La figure 2 est une vue en plan arrière et en coupe partielle du dispositif de l'invention, observé suivant l'incidence définie par les flèches II-II de la figure 1; - La figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale du dispositif de l'invention, le couvercle étant représenté en position d'ouverture extrême; - La figure 4 est une vue en coupe agrandie d'un détail identifié par la référence IV de la figure 4, et relatif à l'articulation; - La figure 5 est une vue en coupe verticale du dispositif de l'invention, le couvercle étant représenté en position intermédiaire; - La figure 6 est une vue en coupe agrandie d'un détail de la figure 5, relatif à l'articulation; - La figure 7 est une vue en coupe verticale du dispositif de l'invention, le couvercle étant représenté en position de fermeture; et - La figure 8 est une vue en coupe agrandie d'un détail de la figure 7, relatif à l'articulation. Comme annoncé plus haut, l'invention concerne un dispositif d'obturation utilisable comme équipement de voirie, par exemple pour un regard de chaussée, et plus made below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawing, in which: - Figure 1 is a top view of the device of the invention; - Figure 2 is a rear plan view in partial section of the device of the invention, observed according to the incidence defined by the arrows II-II of Figure 1; - Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the device of the invention, the cover being shown in the extreme open position; - Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a detail identified by the reference IV of Figure 4, and relating to the joint; - Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the device of the invention, the cover being shown in the intermediate position; - Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a detail of Figure 5, relating to the joint; - Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of the device of the invention, the cover being shown in the closed position; and - Figure 8 is an enlarged sectional view of a detail of Figure 7, relating to the joint. As announced above, the invention relates to a closure device usable as roadway equipment, for example for a manhole, and more
généralement destiné à obturer un ouverture O (figure 3). generally intended to close an opening O (Figure 3).
Ce dispositif comprend essentiellement un cadre 1 qui borde l'ouverture O, un couvercle mobile 2 articulé sur le cadre 1, une articulation 34a et 34b reliant le couvercle 2 au cadre 1, et des moyens de came qui seront This device essentially comprises a frame 1 which borders the opening O, a movable cover 2 articulated on the frame 1, a joint 34a and 34b connecting the cover 2 to the frame 1, and cam means which will
détaillés ultérieurement.detailed later.
Le couvercle 2 est mobile entre diverses positions, qui comprennent notamment une position d'ouverture extrême dans laquelle ce couvercle est totalement dégagé de l'ouverture O (figures 3 et 4), une position de fermeture dans laquelle il est appliqué sur le cadre 1 (figures 7 et 8), et des positions intermédiaires, telles The cover 2 is movable between various positions, which include in particular an extreme open position in which this cover is completely disengaged from the opening O (Figures 3 and 4), a closed position in which it is applied to the frame 1 (Figures 7 and 8), and intermediate positions, such
que celle représentée aux figures 5 et 6. than that shown in Figures 5 and 6.
L'articulation 34a, 34b est en fait disposée sur un bord d'articulation 10 du cadre 1, qu'elle relie à un The articulation 34a, 34b is in fact arranged on an articulation edge 10 of the frame 1, which it connects to a
bord d'articulation 20 du couvercle 2. hinge edge 20 of cover 2.
Un vérin 7 peut être prévu pour compenser une partie du poids du couvercle 2 et faciliter la manoeuvre A jack 7 can be provided to compensate for part of the weight of the cover 2 and to facilitate maneuvering
de ce dernier.of the last.
Les moyens de came sont conçus pour guider le couvercle 2, entre ses positions d'ouverture extrême et de fermeture, suivant une trajectoire courbe qui s'écarte d'une trajectoire circulaire, c'est-à-dire suivant une trajectoire courbe qui présente un rayon de plus petite valeur relative et un rayon de plus grande valeur relative, ces rayons étant différents l'un de l'autre, et chacun de ces rayons s'écartant du rayon moyen d'une trajectoire circulaire intermédiaire ou moyenne d'une The cam means are designed to guide the cover 2, between its extreme open and closed positions, along a curved path which departs from a circular path, that is to say along a curved path which has a radius of smaller relative value and a radius of greater relative value, these radii being different from each other, and each of these radii deviating from the average radius of an intermediate or average circular trajectory of a
valeur prédéterminée D, ici dénommée déviation maximale. predetermined value D, here called maximum deviation.
Selon un premier aspect de l'invention, l'articulation comprend une ou plusieurs charnières telles que 34a et 34b, chaque charnière incluant une penture fixe 3 (figure 2) qui est solidaire du bord d'articulation 10 du cadre 1, et une penture mobile 4 qui est solidaire du bord d'articulation 20 du couvercle 2, et les pentures 3, 4 comportant des extrémités actives respectives et adjacentes 30 et 40, dont chacune présente According to a first aspect of the invention, the joint comprises one or more hinges such as 34a and 34b, each hinge including a fixed hinge 3 (FIG. 2) which is integral with the hinge edge 10 of the frame 1, and a hinge mobile 4 which is integral with the hinge edge 20 of the cover 2, and the hinges 3, 4 having respective and adjacent active ends 30 and 40, each of which has
une surface externe telle que 300 et 400. an external surface such as 300 and 400.
Selon un second aspect de l'invention, l'extrémité active 40 de l'une des pentures, par exemple l'extrémité de la penture 4, porte une broche 41 sensiblement cylindrique présentant un premier axe X1, tandis que l'extrémité active de l'autre penture, par exemple l'extrémité 30 de la penture 3, est constituée par une According to a second aspect of the invention, the active end 40 of one of the hinges, for example the end of the hinge 4, carries a substantially cylindrical pin 41 having a first axis X1, while the active end of the other hinge, for example the end 30 of the hinge 3, is constituted by a
paumelle 32.hinge 32.
Selon un troisième aspect de l'invention, la paumelle en question forme un logement interne sensiblement cylindrique, tel que 320 (figure 4), qui présente un deuxième axe X2, et dans lequel la broche 41 est reçue avec un jeu J au moins égal à la déviation maximale D. Et selon un quatrième aspect de l'invention, les moyens de came comprennent une butée 56 qui est solidaire du couvercle 2 et qui vient porter de manière sélective sur la surface externe 300 de l'extrémité active 30 de la penture fixe 3, ou s'en éloigner, en fonction de la position du couvercle 2, pour déplacer l'un par rapport à l'autre l'axe X1 de la broche 41, et l'axe X2 du logement According to a third aspect of the invention, the hinge in question forms a substantially cylindrical internal housing, such as 320 (FIG. 4), which has a second axis X2, and in which the pin 41 is received with a clearance J at least equal at maximum deviation D. And according to a fourth aspect of the invention, the cam means comprise a stop 56 which is integral with the cover 2 and which comes to bear selectively on the external surface 300 of the active end 30 of the fixed hinge 3, or move away from it, depending on the position of the cover 2, to move the axis X1 of the pin 41 and the axis X2 of the housing relative to each other
320.320.
Grâce à cet agencement, il est donc possible d'obtenir une trajectoire non circulaire du couvercle en utilisant des charnières circulaires d'un type standard, et en n'ayant recours qu'à des appuis situés à proximité Thanks to this arrangement, it is therefore possible to obtain a non-circular trajectory of the cover by using circular hinges of a standard type, and using only supports located nearby.
immédiate de l'axe de rotation instantané. immediate of the instantaneous axis of rotation.
Ainsi, comme le montrent les figures 4, 6, et 8, une partie au moins de la surface externe 300 de la penture fixe 3 est de préférence cylindrique, la paumelle 32 étant par ailleurs avantageusement portée par la Thus, as shown in FIGS. 4, 6, and 8, at least part of the external surface 300 of the fixed hinge 3 is preferably cylindrical, the hinge 32 being moreover advantageously carried by the
penture fixe 3.fixed hinge 3.
La butée 56 forme par exemple un dièdre constitué de deux surfaces d'appui sensiblement planes 5 et 6, qui se raccordent l'une à l'autre en formant un angle dans lequel sont logées les extrémités actives 30 et 40 des The stop 56 forms, for example, a dihedral consisting of two substantially flat bearing surfaces 5 and 6, which connect to each other by forming an angle in which the active ends 30 and 40 of the
pentures fixe et mobile 3 et 4.fixed and mobile hinges 3 and 4.
Dans ces conditions, il est par exemple possible de faire en sorte, comme le montrent les figures 4 et 8, que les surfaces d'appui 5 et 6 prennent appui sur la surface externe 300 de la paumelle 32, aux points d'appui respectifs Pi et P2, à la fois en position de fermeture Under these conditions, it is for example possible to ensure, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, that the bearing surfaces 5 and 6 bear on the external surface 300 of the hinge 32, at the respective bearing points Pi and P2, both in the closed position
et en position d'ouverture extrême du couvercle 2. and in the extreme open position of the cover 2.
Dans certaines au moins des positions intermédiaires qu'adopte le couvercle entre ses positions d'ouverture et de fermeture, et comme le montre la figure 6, la broche 41 peut venir en appui, au point P3, contre le logement interne 320 de la paumelle 32, la surface d'appui 5 continuant de porter sur la surface externe 300 In at least some of the intermediate positions that the cover adopts between its open and closed positions, and as shown in FIG. 6, the pin 41 can come to bear, at point P3, against the internal housing 320 of the hinge 32, the bearing surface 5 continuing to bear on the external surface 300
de la paumelle 32 au point d'appui Pi. from the hinge 32 to the fulcrum Pi.
Enfin, comme le montrent le mieux les figures 1 et 2, le dispositif de l'invention comprend de préférence deux charnières 34a et 34b, symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport à un plan médian M. Finally, as best shown in Figures 1 and 2, the device of the invention preferably comprises two hinges 34a and 34b, symmetrical to each other with respect to a median plane M.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0009414A FR2812008B1 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2000-07-18 | SHUTTERING DEVICE WITH SIMPLIFIED STRUCTURE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0009414A FR2812008B1 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2000-07-18 | SHUTTERING DEVICE WITH SIMPLIFIED STRUCTURE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2812008A1 true FR2812008A1 (en) | 2002-01-25 |
| FR2812008B1 FR2812008B1 (en) | 2002-10-25 |
Family
ID=8852643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0009414A Expired - Fee Related FR2812008B1 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2000-07-18 | SHUTTERING DEVICE WITH SIMPLIFIED STRUCTURE |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2812008B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1580328A2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-09-28 | Silmar S.r.l. | Manhole cover |
| WO2012120239A1 (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-09-13 | Norinco | Device to assist the opening of a covering element pivotably mounted relative to an edge of a frame |
| CN103711149A (en) * | 2014-01-01 | 2014-04-09 | 西安航空学院 | Novel anti-theft well cover capable of being automatically opened and closed |
| DK178170B1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-07-13 | Harde Staal Aps | Hinged cover |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2052465A (en) * | 1935-06-15 | 1936-08-25 | Jr Fred E Hardy | Cover structure |
| US2677147A (en) * | 1950-10-07 | 1954-05-04 | Int Harvester Co | Separable hinge |
| FR2519665A1 (en) | 1982-01-14 | 1983-07-18 | Dumortier Robert | CIRCULAR LOOK AT ARTICULATED HALF-BUFFER PAVEMENT |
| GB2151461A (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1985-07-24 | Loh Kg Rittal Werk | Cabinets |
-
2000
- 2000-07-18 FR FR0009414A patent/FR2812008B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2052465A (en) * | 1935-06-15 | 1936-08-25 | Jr Fred E Hardy | Cover structure |
| US2677147A (en) * | 1950-10-07 | 1954-05-04 | Int Harvester Co | Separable hinge |
| FR2519665A1 (en) | 1982-01-14 | 1983-07-18 | Dumortier Robert | CIRCULAR LOOK AT ARTICULATED HALF-BUFFER PAVEMENT |
| GB2151461A (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1985-07-24 | Loh Kg Rittal Werk | Cabinets |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1580328A2 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-09-28 | Silmar S.r.l. | Manhole cover |
| EP1580328A3 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2006-05-24 | Silmar S.r.l. | Manhole cover |
| WO2012120239A1 (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-09-13 | Norinco | Device to assist the opening of a covering element pivotably mounted relative to an edge of a frame |
| FR2972476A1 (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-09-14 | Norinco | DEVICE FOR ASSISTING THE OPENING OF A MONO-SWIVELING COVERING MEMBER IN RELATION TO AN EDGE OF A FRAME |
| US9021743B2 (en) | 2011-03-09 | 2015-05-05 | Ej Emea | Device to assist the opening of a covering element pivotably mounted relative to an edge of a frame |
| CN103711149A (en) * | 2014-01-01 | 2014-04-09 | 西安航空学院 | Novel anti-theft well cover capable of being automatically opened and closed |
| DK178170B1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-07-13 | Harde Staal Aps | Hinged cover |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2812008B1 (en) | 2002-10-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLFP | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
| ST | Notification of lapse |
Effective date: 20170331 |