FR2804452A1 - Vaulted underground culvert e.g. for road has arched components joined by staggered ends along culvert's lengthwise median axis - Google Patents

Abstract

An underground culvert, made from prefabricated arch components (2, 3) e.g. of reinforced concrete, joined at the top of the culvert roof and covered with earth, has the joined ends of the components staggered so that the end of one component overlaps the ends of two opposite ones. The two ends of the arch have half-width components (20, 21) to compensate for the staggering and the facing ends (8, 11) of its components have interlocking male (9) and female (13) surfaces, and are fixed together by long bolts (16) and threaded holes (17).

Description

The invention relates to a buried duct, intended to allow the crossing of roadways, railways or river, etc. ...

Such a pipe is made by assembling prefabricated reinforced concrete elements, the result of which is an arch, the length of which depends on the length of the obstacle to be crossed.

Such conduits are for example described in the document FR-A-580 289.

It traditionally has two parts. First a raft, intended to be placed on the bottom of the trench made for this purpose, and an upper part in the form of a vault.

In order to facilitate the installation of this vault-shaped part, partial elements of this vault are made by prefabrication, thus outside the site where it is desired to set up the structure. These elements are then transported to this site, to be mounted on the floor and assembled together to form the vault itself. These partial elements consist of half-vaults. Each element rests at one of its two ends on the floor. Its other end comes to bear against the corresponding end of the vault element with which it is intended to constitute the vault itself, especially at the keystone.

The realization of these vaults therefore implies the prior establishment of shoring systems, intended to support each of the constituent elements of said vaults, until the result is the joining of the entire structure. This shoring thus induces significant losses of time, both for its assembly and for its dismantling, and in fact generates an additional cost for the realization of such buried conduits.

Moreover, various fastening systems allow to join together, said partial arches thus made at the place of cooperation of the elements that constitute them, and in particular at the keystone. These systems are most often made by keying, or even by the installation of longitudinal members. They also require the implementation of struts, until the perfect drying of the cast concrete at the level of the stringers or keying. In addition, their installation is also time consuming, adding to the waiting time of the perfect drying of the concrete.

The object of the invention is to provide a buried conduit of the type in question, the implementation of which significantly reduces any shoring, and corollary the duration of its realization.

This buried conduit intended to be covered with an embankment, and allowing the crossing of a roadway, railroad track or the like, comprises a series of prefabricated elements in the form of a vault or part of a roof, the assembly of which is intended to constitute the conduit, each of these elements constituting only side part of the vaults, and resting at their upper end, against a similar complementary element substantially at the keystone.

This buried conduit is characterized in that the various elements constituting the vaults are mounted offset with respect to each other, with respect to the median longitudinal axis of the conduit.

In other words, these elements are mounted in staggered rows, with the exception of the first and the last element, moreover of smaller dimensions than the main elements, so as to ensure entry and exit of a flat cross-section vault. Advantageously and according to a characteristic of the invention, each of these lateral elements is provided with a casing system, respectively male and female, consisting of at least one projection, linear in particular, made on the end face of the terminal end. upper part of one of the components of the vaults, said projection being intended to cooperate with a recess of complementary shape, formed at the front face of the upper end of the complementary element, intended to come to the eye and in contact with the first element.

Furthermore, couplers are intended to mechanically fasten said antagonistic elements constituting the vaults, these couplers being constituted by bolted lag bolts.

The manner in which the invention can be realized and the advantages which result from it will emerge more clearly from the exemplary embodiment which follows given by way of indication and not limitation in support of the appended figures. Figure 1 is a schematic representation in cross section of a vault according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a main element of the vault according to the invention.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a front or end vault element.

Figure 4 is a schematic representation seen from above, of a vault made with the elements according to the invention, Figure 5 is an elevational view.

Figure 6 is a detail view of the upper end of a vault element, Figure 7 is a perspective view of a complementary vault element.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a duct of the type according to the invention. This conduit basically comprises an upper part (2, 3) constituting the vault itself, resting on a lower part (1) constituting a raft.

This raft is traditionally laid on the ground, after completion of a trench. It is most often made of prefabricated concrete elements, made by molding, and in this case of straight feet, having at their upper surface, a linear groove (5).

The constituent elements of the vault are unitary elements, in particular made of reinforced concrete. Each of these elements rests at its lower part (4) in the upper groove (5) above. At their upper end (6 7), the vault elements (2, 3) bear against each other by their respective end faces (8, 11), as appears in particular in connection with the Figure 5 for example.

According to a fundamental characteristic of the invention, the constituent vault of the buried conduit comprises a succession of these opposing lateral elements (2) and (3), said lateral elements being offset with respect to each other, with respect to the longitudinal axis median represented by the arrow OX in Figures 4 and 5.

It is thus possible to observe at the level of FIG. 4 the offset between the lateral elements on the left, hereinafter referred to as male elements, and those on the right (3), hereinafter referred to as female elements. Only the respectively frontal (20) and terminal (21) elements, whose typical width corresponds substantially to half the width of the male (2) and female (3) lateral elements, do not undergo such an offset, in order to making an inlet and an outlet of said flat section duct.

Thus, a male lateral element (2) will bear against two adjacent female side members (3). In the same way, each female lateral element will bear against two adjacent male lateral elements (2), as is apparent from FIG. 2.

On the other hand, at the entry zone of the duct, the first female lateral element (3) bears against the front element (20) on the one hand, and against the other, and in particular half the width of the first male side element (2) on the other hand. As a corollary, at the exit zone of said duct, the last male lateral element (2) bears respectively against the part, and in particular half of the last female lateral element (3) on the one hand, and against the terminal element ( 21).

In doing so, it no longer becomes necessary to support the front element (20) since, since its installation after shoring, the first female lateral element (3) is positioned against the end face of its upper end. by its stability, avoids its shoring.

The realization of the vault is thus continued alternately by positioning a male element and then a female element, by freeing, to the last element, including the terminal element (21), any shoring system.

In this way, it generates a significant time saving during the realization of this conduit, in the absence of the establishment of these systems shoring.

Advantageously, each of the lateral elements (2, 3, 20, 21) is provided with fixing systems consisting of couplers. These couplers are typically made up of lag bolts (16), which are inserted into through orifices (19), formed near the upper ends (6, 7) of the lateral elements, so as to allow the output of these zones (19) screwing them into threaded holes (17), of corresponding diameter and pitch, formed complementary to said orifices (19) at the level of the corresponding front face of the lateral elements. To do this, reservations are made (15), allowing the insertion of said lag bolts (16) into the corresponding holes (19). In the example described, each coupler comprises two lag bolts arranged one below the other.

Once the bolts screwed to the corresponding holes (17), which can be seen for example in Figure 4 that there is alternation at the level of the coupling systems, and that both between side elements antagonists, and within the same lateral element, the reservations (15) are filled with concrete.

In this way, the vaults thus formed are secured.

According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the end faces (8) and (11) are provided with end portions (6) and (7) of the lateral elements constituting the vaults, of cooperation members intended to promote their implementation. place and on the other hand and especially to avoid any slippage.

These members consist first of male protrusions, respectively a horizontal projection (10) and a vertical projection (9), extending over the entire width and the height of said end face (8) of the male elements (2). ) and adapted to cooperate with recesses of complementary shape (12, 13) formed at the corresponding front face (11) of the female elements (3), as can be seen in FIG. 2, 3, 6 and 7, in particular.

Taking into account furthermore the cooperation of each lateral element, with two opposing lateral elements, the front face (8) and respectively (11) of each of these lateral elements are advantageously provided with a double vertical projection (9) and, consequently, a double vertical recess (13), as also appears in Figure 4. In this way, optimizes the stability of the assembly.

It is therefore conceivable that the covering of the coupling systems, combined with these anti-slip devices, makes it possible to overcome all concreting, with the exception of simply filling the reservation zones (15) of the coupling systems. .

 As a result, the time saved for the construction of these vaults is once again optimized, reducing the labor costs and the inherent costs.

Claims (4)

1. Buried pipe intended to be covered with a fill, and allowing the crossing of a carriageway, railroad track or the like, comprising a series of prefabricated elements (2, 3) in the form of an arch or part of an arch , whose assembly is intended to constitute the duct, each of these elements constituting only lateral part of the vaults, and resting at their upper end, against a complementary counter-like element substantially at the keystone, <I characterized in that the opposing elements (2, 3) constituting the arches are mounted offset with respect to each other, with respect to the median longitudinal axis of the conduit. Buried pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a frontal lateral element (20) and a terminal lateral element (21), also in the form of an arch, and whose width is substantially equal to half the width of the side members (2, 3), so as to constitute an inlet and an outlet of the duct in a flat cross section. 3. buried duct according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each of the lateral elements constituting the vaults (2, 3, 20, 21) is provided with a casing system , respectively male (9, 10) and female (12, 13), constituted by at least one projection, linear in particular, made on the end face (8) of the upper end end (6) of the one (2) elements constituting the vaults, said projection (9, 10) being intended to cooperate with a recess (12, 13) of complementary shape, formed at the front face (11) of the upper end (7) of the antagonistic element (3), intended to come to the eye and in contact with the first element. 4. Buried pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that the casing system comprises for each of the male lateral elements a horizontal projection (10) and at least one vertical projection (9), and for each of the female side members (3), a horizontal recess (12) and at least one vertical recess (13), the respective positions of the protrusions and recesses being complementary. <B> 5. </ B> Buried conduit according to one of claims 1 to 4, <I> characterized </ I> in that it is provided with fastening members of the side members antagonistic to each other. 6. Buried pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that the securing members consist of mechanical couplers, comprising lag bolts (16), receivable in through orifices (19). ) arranged in the vicinity of the front face of the lateral elements, said lag bolts cooperating with threaded orifices (17) formed in a complementary manner at the front face of the upper end of the lateral opposing element. Buried duct according to Claim 6, characterized in that reservations (15) are provided at the upper end (6, 7) of the lateral elements, in order to allow the insertion and screwing the bolts (16) with the threaded holes (17), said reservations being filled after screwing. 8. Buried conduit according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the securing members are alternated with a side member to the side member antagonist. 9. Buried pipe according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the securing members are alternated within the same lateral element (2, 3).